英语六级汉译英模拟11

大学英语六级汉译英模拟11PartⅠTranslationDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.1、书法(Chinesecalligraphy)是汉字的书写艺术，也是中国特有的一种传统艺术。中国书法历史和中国文字使用的历史一样悠久。甲骨文(oracle)是现存中国最古老的文字。自从甲骨文发明以来，中国书法的字体经历了数个发展阶段。每个阶段都产生了数量众多的书法家和书法作品。这些书法家和书法作品构成了中国书法的深厚传统。中国书法在古代已经是一门成熟的艺术。很多理论著作是书法家艺术实践的总结，极大地影响了后人的书法学习和创作。ChinesecalligraphyistheartofwritingChinesecharacters,alsoatraditionalcultureofartinChina.ThehistoryofChinesecalligraphyisaslongasthehistoryofChinesecharacters.OracleistheoldestChinesecharactersdiscoveredbynow.Sincetheinventionoforacle,thefontofChinesecalligraphyunderwentseveralstagesofdevelopment,withalargenumberofcalligraphersandcalligraphicworksproducedateachstage.ThesecalligraphersandcalligraphicworksconstituteprofoundculturaltraditionsforChinesecalligraphy.Atancienttimes,Chinesecalligraphywasalreadyamatureart.Manytheorieswerethesummaryofcalligraphers'artpractice,whichgreatlyinfluencedthecalligraphyandcreationbylatergenerations.2、家庭是中国传统社会的基础。在中国传统家庭中，每个人与不同的家人相处时，都要循规蹈矩地遵守一定的礼节(etiquette)。特别是在那些人口众多且成员复杂的大家族里，更需要严格的礼节和规矩，以界定彼此的关系，约束个人的行为，而使家庭和谐有序。在一个大家族里，辈分最高的人往往具有至高无上的权威。受“男尊女卑”观念("patriarchal"mentality)的影响，丈夫在家庭中的地位绝对在妻子之上。受现代文明的冲击，女性的地位如今有所提高。FamiliesarethefoundationoftraditionalChinesesociety.IntraditionalChinesefamilies,eachpersonmustobservecertainetiquetteinhisorherrelationshipwithotherfamilymembers.Especiallyinthoselargefamiliesthathavenumerouspeoplewithcomplexbackground,morestrictetiquetteandrolesareobservedsoastodefinetheirrelationshipsanddisciplineindividuals'behavior,tokeepharmoniousfamilyorder.Inahugefamily,thepersonofhighestseniorityusedtohavethehighestauthority.Duetothe"patriarchal"mentalitythattakesmalesuperiortofemale,husbandmighthaveabsolutelydominantstatusonwife.Butundertheimpactofmodemcivilization,thestatusofwomenhasbeenimprovedbynow.3、中国房价问题近年来一直是社会热门话题。大中型城市房价一直居高不下且呈逐渐上涨的趋势。有的年轻人根本买不起房，有的则成为了房奴(mortgageslaves)。房奴是近几年出现的社会流行词。顾名思义，房奴的意思是房屋的奴隶。这些人为买房而向银行借贷款，然后用一生的精力来偿还。据某房地产网站的调查，中国约32%的人月供占到了收入的50%以上，成为了名副其实的房奴。他们在享受有房的心理安慰的同时，也承受着巨大的精神压力，生活质量大为下降。Chinesehousingpriceshavebeenhotsocialtopicsinrecentyears.Housepricesinmedium-and-largecitieskeephigh,withthetrendoffurthergoingup.Someyoungpeoplesimplycannotaffordpurchasinganyhouse,whileothersbecomemortgageslaves.Mortgageslaves(orhouseslaves)areanewbuzz word word文档格式规范word作业纸小票打印word模板word简历模板免费word简历 thatemergedinthesocietyinrecentyears.Justasthenamesuggests,houseslavesrefertopeoplewhoareenslavedtomortgagefortheirhouses.Thesepeopleborrowloansfrombankstobuyahouseandthenrepaytheloanswiththeirlifetimeefforts.Accordingtosurveybyarealestatewebsite,about32%ofChinesepeoplepaidover50%oftheirincomeasmonthlymortgagepayment,sotheyindeedbecameslavesofthehouse.Whiletheyseemtoenjoysomepsychologicalcomfortthattheyhavetheirownhouses,theyhavetobeartremendousstress,withqualityoflifedroppeddownsignificantly.4、如果生活在北京却没听过京剧，那真是一大遗憾。中围京剧被称为“东方歌剧”，它是地地道道的中国国粹(quintessenceofChineseculture)，因形成于北京而得名。京剧至今已有约200年的历史。京剧是综合性 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 演艺术，集各种表演形式于一体。脸谱(facialmakeup)是京剧中最有特色的艺术。人物的忠奸、美丑、善恶、尊卑，大都能通过脸谱表现出来。京剧繁荣时期产生了一大批著名演员，其中梅兰芳是国际上最负盛名的京剧表演艺术家之一。IfyouliveinBeijingbuthaven'tlistenedtoBeijingopera,thenit'dbeagreatpity.Beijingoperaiscalled"OrientalOpera",anditisdownrightaquintessenceofChineseculture.It'ssonamedsinceit'scultivatedinBeijing.BeijingOperahasabout200yearsofhistorybynow.BeijingOperaisacomprehensiveperformingart,integratingallkindsofperformancesintoone.FacialmakeupisthemostdistinctiveartofBeijingOpera,whichrevealsthepersonalitiesofmostcharactersintheopera,suchasgoodandevil,beautyandugliness,nobilityandlowliness.AlargenumberoffamousactorsemergedduringtheboomingperiodofBeijingOpera,amongwhomMeiLanfangisthemostprestigiousperformingartistofBeijingOperaintheworld.5、中国的灯笼是汉族传统工艺品(traditionalhandicraftsbyHanpeople)，起源于1800多年前的西汉时期。灯笼最初的用途是照明，在黑暗中给人们带来光明。灯笼上绘有各种图案。传统的图案有龙、凤、花鸟等。在中国，每逢元宵节或中秋节有点灯笼的习俗。人们挂起象征团圆意义的红灯笼，来营造一种吉利喜庆的氛围。灯笼寄寓着人们对生活的美好希望。随着中外文化交流的增多，越来越多的外国人对中国灯笼有了认同感，他们把它看成是中国的一种传统文化而给予尊重。ChineselanternsaretraditionalhandicraftsbyHanpeople,whichoriginatedinWesternHanDynastymorethan1,800yearsago.Theinitialpurposeofthelanternwastogivelightforpeopleindarkness.Variouspicturesaredecoratedonlanterns.Traditionalpicturesincludedragon,phoenix,birdsandflowers,etc.InChina,peoplehavethecustomtolightuplanternsonMid-AutumnFestivalorLanternFestival.Peoplehangupredlanternswhichsymbolizereuniontocreateanauspiciousfestivalatmosphere.Lanternscontainpeople'sgoodwishesforlife.Withtheincreaseinculturalexchange,moreandmoreforeignersacceptChineselanterns.TheytakeitasakindoftraditionalChinesecultureandrespectit.6、深圳市地处广东省南部沿海，是中国四大一线城市之一。改革开放后，深圳被国务院批准设立经济特区(SpecialEconomicZone)。深圳是一个以外来人口为主的城市，被称为“移民城市”。深圳目前的人口将近1500万，而本地原住民(aboriginallocals)只有不到30万。深圳被设为经济特区后，旅游业发展异常迅猛，新建的旅游景点及设施独具魅力，并以其新奇的风格蜚声海内外。深圳拥有怡人的城市自然环境，森林覆盖率高达47.6%，曾被评为“花园城市”。Shenzhen,locatedinthesoutherncoastofGuangdongprovince,isoneofthefourfirst-tiercitiesinChina.Afterthereformandopeningup,ShenzhenwasapprovedbytheStateCouncilofChinatobeestablishedasaSpecialEconomicZone.Shenzhenisacitywithmajorpartofpopulationfromelsewhere,soit'scalleda"cityofimmigrants".Thecurrentpopulationisnearly15million,amongwhichaboriginallocalsarelessthan300,000.AfterShenzhenSpecialEconomicZonewasestablished,tourismindustryenjoysextraordinarilyrapiddevelopment,withnewattractionsandfacilitiesthathaveuniquecharmandnovelstyle,wellrenownedbothathomeandabroad.Shenzhenhasapleasantnaturalenvironmentwithforestcoverageupto47.6%,onceselectedtobethe"GardenCity".7、新近一项关于中国老年人的休闲娱乐状况的调查表明，尽管退休就意味着生命中剩下的时间将全部可以用来休闲，这个时间可能是20年甚至更多，但是当今我国老年人对娱乐休闲生活的满意度不高。老年人的休闲生活和娱乐方式比较单一，对现代化变迁速度适应力较低。另外，由于社区资源开发不够，他们还缺乏与社会互动及同步发展(simultaneousdevelopment)的机会。帮助老年人学会积极健康地休闲和娱乐是一个重要的工程，需要全社会的共同参与。AccordingtoarecentsurveyontheconditionsofrecreationandentertainmentforelderlypeopleinChina,they'renothighlysatisfiedwithleisureandrecreationalactivities,despitethefactthatretirementmeansthatalltherestoftheirlifetime,whichcanbeaslongasorevenlongerthan20years,maybeusedforrelaxedentertainment.Theactivitiesofentertainmentandrecreationallifeforelderlypeoplearemonotonous,anddon'tadaptwelltothequicktransitionofsocietymodernization.Furthermore,duetothelackofcommunityresourcesdevelopment,theyalsolacktheopportunitytointeractwithsocietyandenjoysimultaneousdevelopment.It'sanimportantjobtohelpelderlypeoplelearnpositiverecreationandhealthyentertainment,whichrequiresparticipationbythewholesociety.8、风筝最早起源于中国，至今已经有2000多年的历史了。相传，中国古人曾利用风筝进行测量、传信，甚至试图利用风筝载人飞翔(mannedflying)。最初，风筝只是宫廷贵族的玩具，元朝以后，风筝逐渐普及于民间，明清时期更是广为流传。天津是中国著名的风筝之乡，制作技术历史悠久，工艺精湛。放风筝已经成了很多天津人日常生活休闲娱乐的方式之一。在春秋两季的清晨和傍晚，特别是在节假日里，天津的广场、公园都可以看到许多风筝爱好者放风筝，形态各异的风筝在天空中竞相飞舞。风筝带着天津人对未来的美好憧憬(beautifulvisionofthefuture)越飞越高。KiteflyingoriginatedinChina,withmorethan2,000yearsofhistorybynow.Accordingtolegend,ancientChineseusedkitesformeasurement,messaging,andeventriedtousekitesasmannedflyingvehicles.Initially,kiteflyingwasanexclusiveactivitybyroyalnobilitiesonly.AfterYuandynasty,kiteflyingwasincreasinglypopularamongfolkpeople,anditwaswidespreadatthetimeofMingandQingDynasties.TianjinisafamoushometownofkiteflyinginChina,withlonghistoryoftechnologyandexquisiteworkmanship.KiteflyinghasbeenoneofdailyentertainmentactivitiesforpeopleinTianjin.Attimeofmorningoreveninginseasonsofspringandautumn,especiallyonfestivalholidays,therearealotofkiteenthusiastsflyingkitesonsquaresorinparksofTianjin,withvarietiesofkitescompetinginthesky.Kitesflyhigherandhigherinthesky,withTianjinpeople'sbeautifulvisionofthefuture.9、中国音乐悠久的历史，可以追溯到七八千年前的新石器时代(theNeolithictime)，这个时代的乐器(也是最古老的乐器)大概就是石头。在黄帝时代的传说中，有一位名叫神农的音乐家，据说他是牛首蛇身。神农曾尝遍百草而发现医药。在中国古代，有关音乐方面的书籍不下三百种。孔子是春秋时期著名的教育家，同时又是一位音乐家。他在古琴方面的造诣很高。他不仅能自己作曲，还写过许多论述音乐的随笔。Chinesemusichaslonghistory,datingbacktotheNeolithictimesevenoreightthousandyearsago.Themusicalinstrumentsatthattimewereprobablystone(itwasalsotheearliestmusicalinstrument).InthelegendaryeraofYellowEmperor,therewasamusiciannamedShenNong,whowasallegedlytohaveacowheadwithsnakebody.ShenNonginventedChinesemedicinebypersonaltastingandexperimentonhundredsofherbs.InancientChina,therewerenotlessthan300booksaboutmusic.ConfuciuswasafamouseducationistatthetimeofSpringandAutumnPeriod,hewasamusicianaswell.HeobtainedhighaccomplishmentsonGuqin(ancientlute).Henotonlycomposedmusicbyhimself,butalsowrotemanyessaysonmusic.10、就像日本的和服一样，旗袍(cheongsam)是中华民族的典型服饰。旗袍，这一被当代国际服装界誉为“东方女装”的代表，如今不仅受到我国广大汉族妇女的喜爱，而且也受到西方欧美妇女的青睐。旗袍起源于十六世纪中期满族妇女的民族服装。旗袍以浓郁的民族风格，体现了中华民族传统的服饰美。旗袍比较适合中国女性清瘦玲珑的身材特点，尤其很受上海女性的欢迎。在快节奏、充满礼仪的现代生活中，旗袍仍然是中国女性最体面的服装。JustlikeJapanesekimono,cheongsamisatypicaldressofChinesenation.Cheongsam,agarmentwhichhasbeenhailedastherepresentativeof"OrientalLady'sDress"bythecontemporaryinternationalfashionindustry,isnotonlylovedbythemajorityofHanChinesewomen,butalsobyWesternEuropeanandAmericanwomen.CheongsamoriginatedinManchuwomen'sethicalcostumeinthemid-sixteenthcentury.Withstrongethnicstyle,cheongsamembodiesthetraditionalbeautyofChinesecostume.CheongsamismoresuitableforfemaleswithexquisiteandslimbodylineasChinesefemales.ItisespeciallypopularwithShanghaiwomen.Inthefast-pacedmodemsocietywhich'sfullofetiquette,cheongsamisstillthemostdecentdressforChinesefemale.