英语翻译评语

英语翻译评语 篇一:英文论文审稿意见汇总 英文论文审稿意见汇总 以下12点无轻重主次之分。每一点内容由 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf 性标题和代 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 性审稿人意见构成。 1、目标和结果不清晰。 It is noted that your manuscript needs careful editing by someone with expertise in technical English editing paying particular attention to English grammar, spelling, and sentence structure so that the goals and results of the study are clear to the reader. 2、未解释研究方法或解释不充分。 ? In general, there is a lack of explanation of replicates and statistical me thods used in the study. ? Furthermore, an explanation of why the authors did these various experiments should be provided. 3、对于研究设计的rationale: Also, there are few explanations of the rationale for the study design. 4、夸张地陈述结论/夸大成果/不严谨: The conclusions are overstated. For example, the study did not show if the side effects from initial copper burst can be avoid with the polymer formulation. 5、对hypothesis的清晰界定: A hypothesis needs to be presented。 6、对某个概念或工具使用的rationale/定义概念: What was the rationale for the film/SBF volume ratio? 7、对研究问题的定义: Try to set the problem discussed in this paper in more clear, write one section to define the problem 8、如何凸现原创性以及如何充分地写literature review: The topic is novel but the application proposed is not so novel. 9、对claim,如A,B的证明，verification: There is no experimental comparison of the algorithm with previously known work, so it is impossible to judge whether the algorithm is an improvement on previous work. 10、严谨度问题: MNQ is easier than the primitive PNQS, how to prove that. 11、格式(重视程度): ? In addition, the list of references is not in our style. It is close but not completely correct. I have attached a pdf file with "Instructions for Authorswhich shows examples. ? Before submitting a revision be sure that your material is properly prepared and formatted. If you are unsure, please consult the formatting nstructions to authors that are given under the "Instructions and Formsbutton in he upper right-hand corner of the screen. 12、语言问题(出现最多的问题): 有关语言的审稿人意见: ? It is noted that your manuscript needs careful editing by someone with expertise in technical English editing paying particular attention to English grammar, spelling, and sentence structure so that the goals and results of the study are clear to the reader. ? The authors must have their work reviewed by a proper translation/reviewing service before submission; only then can a proper review be performed. Most sentences contain grammatical and/or spelling mistakes or are not complete sentences. ? As presented, the writing is not acceptable for the journal. There are pro blems with sentence structure, verb tense, and clause construction. ? The English of your manuscript must be improved before resubmission. We str ongly suggest that you obtain assistance from a colleague who is well-versed i n English or whose native language is English. ? Please have someone competent in the English language and the subject matte r of your paper go over the paper and correct it. ? ? the quality of English needs improving. 来自编辑的鼓励: Encouragement from reviewers: ? I would be very glad to re-review the paper in greater depth once it has be en edited because the subject is interesting. ? There is continued interest in your manuscript titled "„„which you subm itted to the Journal of Biomedical Materials Research: Part B - Applied Biomat erials. ? The Submission has been greatly improved and is worthy of publication. 老外写的英文综述文章的审稿意见 Ms. Ref. No.: ****** Title: ****** Materials Science and Engineering Dear Dr. ******, Reviewers have now commented on your paper. You will see that they are advising that you revise your manuscript. If you are prepared to undertake the work required, I would be pleased to reconsider my decision. For your guidance, reviewers' comments are appended below. Reviewer #1: This work proposes an extensive review on micromulsion-based methods for the synthesis of Ag nanoparticles. As such, the matter is of interest, however the paper suffers for two serious limits: 1) the overall quality of the English language is rather poor; 2) some Figures must be selected from previous literature to discuss also the synthesis of anisotropically shaped Ag nanoparticles (there are several examples published), which has been largely overlooked throughout the paper. ; Once the above concerns are fully addressed, the manuscript could be accepted for publication in this journal 这是一篇全过程我均比较了解的投稿，稿件的内容我认为是相 当不错的，中文版投稿于业内有较高影响的某核心期刊，并很快 得到发表。其时我作为审稿人之一，除了提出一些修改建议外， 还特建议了5篇应增加的参考文献，该文正式发表时共计有参考 文献25篇。 作者或许看到审稿意见还不错，因此决意尝试向美国某学会主办的一份英文刊投稿。几经修改和补充后，请一位英文“功底"较好的中国人翻译，投稿后约3周，便返回了三份审稿意见。 从英文刊的反馈意见看，这篇稿件中最严重的问题是文献综述和引用不够，其次是语言表达方面的欠缺，此外是论证过程和结果展示形式方面的不足。 感想:一篇好的论文，从内容到形式都需要精雕细琢。 附1:中译审稿意见 审稿意见—1 (1) 英文表达太差，尽管意思大致能表达清楚，但文法错误太多。 (2) 文献综述较差，观点或论断应有文献支持。 (3) 论文读起来像是XXX的广告，不知道作者与XXX是否没有关联。 (4) 该模式的创新性并非如作者所述，目前有许多XX采取此模式(如美国地球物理学会)，作者应详加调查并分析XXX运作模式的创新点。 (5) 该模式也不是作者所说的那样成功„„(审稿人结合论文中的数据具体分析) 审稿意见—2 (1) 缺少直接相关的文献引用(如„)。 (2) 写作质量达不到美国学术期刊的 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 。 审稿意见—3 (1) 作者应着重指出指出本人的贡献。 (2) 缺少支持作者发现的方法学分析。 (3) 需要采用 表格 关于规范使用各类表格的通知入职表格免费下载关于主播时间做一个表格详细英语字母大小写表格下载简历表格模板下载 和图件形式展示(数据)材料。 附2:英文审稿意见(略有删节) Reviewer: 1 There are many things wrong with this paper. The English is very bad. Although the meaning is by and large clear, not too many sentences are correct. The literature review is poor. The paper is riddled with assertions and claims that should be supported by references. The paper reads as an advertisement for XXX. It is not clear that the author is independent of XXX. The AA model of XXX is not as innovative as the author claims. There are now many XX that follow this model (American Geophysical Union, for example), and the author should survey these model to see which one first introduced the elements of the XXX model. The model is also not as successful as the author claims. „„ Overall, the presentation and the contents of the paper can only mean that I reject that the paper be rejected. Reviewer: 2 The are two major problems with this paper: (1) It is missing the context of (and citations to) what is now know as the "two-sidedmarket literature including that directly related to „ (e.g. Braunstein, JASIS 1977; Economides & Katsanakas, Mgt. Sci., 2006; McCabe & Snyder, B.E. J Econ Analysis, 2007). (2) The writing quality is not up to the standard of a US scholarly journal. Reviewer: 3 1. The author should accentuate his contributions in this manuscript. 2. It lacks analytical methodologies to support author’s discoveries. 3. Description style material like this manuscript requires structured tables & figures for better presentations. Our JPCA paper were peer reviewed by two reviewers, and their comments are as follows: The Comments by the First Reviewer Editor: Michael A. Duncan Reviewer: 68 Manuscript Number: jp067440i Manuscript Title: Restricted Geometry Optimization, a Different Way to Estimate Stabilization Energies for Aromatic Molecules of Various Types Corresponding Author: Yu Recommendation: The paper is probably publishable, but should be reviewed again in revised form before it is accepted. Additional Comments: In the present work the authors introduce a new energy-based aromaticity measure. Referred as restricted geometry optimization, the extra stabilization energy (ESE) is calculated by means of an energy scheme in which the different double bonds are localized. This methodology is applied to different sets of aromatic systems, and the results are compared to previous already existing schemes. This procedure seems to work better than previous ones, however it must be underlined that with a much greater complexity. It avoids having to choose a reference structure, and it is worth noticing that benzene appears to be the most aromatic system. Thus the method presented might mean a new contribution to the different aromacity criteria, however before acceptance for publication I would recommend important changes to be taken into account in the manuscript. The new method used is not presented in a comprehensible way. In the second paragraph of the Introduction the authors should already describe it, and not first presenting the results for benzene and not going into the method till the second section. The formulas used must be described precisely as well. So I would recommend that before acceptance the manuscript should be rewritten in order to make it more comprehensible not only to physical chemists but also to the experimental chemical community, and at the same time to improve the English used. Other minor points are: - First line of Introduction: aromaticity is one of the most important concepts in organic chemistry, but most of organic compounds are not aromatic.- Introduction, line 4: notice that only energetic ways of evaluating aromaticity are mentioned, however geometry-based (HOMA), magnetic-based (NICS) and electronic-based (SCI, PDI) methods are also important, and this point should be pointed out. - Section 3.1, last line of first paragraph: is B3LYP chosen just because it gives similar results to HF and MP2? This should be pointed out in the manuscript. - Enlarge description in point 3.4.1 by going deeper into the data in Figure 8. 篇二:翻译短篇点评 1 曾几何时，人们还对“80后”评头论足，或感叹他们是“垮掉 的一代”，或认为他们很嫩很青涩。如今，“80后”已经长大了， 他们中将首次出现30岁群体。《论语》说，“三十而立”，而我们 却无法把“80后”与而立画上等号。调查显示，五成以上80后 的职场人在工作上力不从心;近五成调查对象无房无车，且处于 未婚状态。 “80后”三十难立也不必沮丧，有时需要励志一下，因为要改 变自己的命运，最终靠的是自己，多一些意气风发，多一些愈挫 愈勇的斗志，少一些埋怨，少一些迷失。毕竟，“80后”也不乏 成功人士，他们筚路蓝缕，走出了自己的一片天。 参考译文: There was a time when people loved tocarp and cavil at the post-1980s generation, either referring to them as the “beat generation” or claiming they were wet behind the ears. Now these post-1980s cohorts have grown up, some of whom have just turned thirty. Analects of Confucius said that “one should plant his feet upon the ground at the age of thirty”. Yet it is hard for us to equate the 20 or 30-somethings with being well-established. Statistically speaking, more than fifty percent of post-1980s generation people feel somewhat inadequate at work and nearly half of the respondents cannot afford a car and a house and are yet to walk down the aisle. In fact, post-1980s guys and gals should be self-motivated, rather than feel disheartened for not getting somewhere. Because after all it falls on oneself to change his/her destiny. Let’s equip ourselves with more vigor, vitality and strong will through many a twist and turn, less whining and wandering. After all there are indeed high achievers among the post-1980s generation, who are self-made entrepreneurs against all the odds and have their life course figured out. 翻译点评: 1)整篇点评: 此段文字从备受关注的80后为切入点，题材内容并未有多大创 新，但作为翻译材料而言，对语言功力有一定的要求。段落中频 繁出现了四字格和谚语，与历年的考试重点相吻合。 2)对英语谚语使用的功底考验: 汉语多四字格成语，形式简练，微言大义，而英语丰富的表达 不遑多让，这里可考验考生的语言储备是否丰富。如“评头论足”， 看似可仅仅理解为“对??.进行评论”，而实 际在本文中的潜在词是“对80后指指点点，且语多贬斥”，英语 中与之对应的表达可用“carp and cavil”。 如“很嫩很青涩”，可理解为“愣头青、乳臭未干、毛头小子” 的意思，英语中有个形象的对应表达为“wet behind ears”。 再如“处于未婚状态”，中文直接且无趣，如果英语翻译不要简 单地用“unmarried”代替，而另择一谚语表达，就会让人眼前一 亮。此时功底深厚的同学可能会想到“结婚”在英语中的各种形 象表达，如“walk down the aisle”、“tie the knot”等，比干巴巴 的“unmarried”显得更有可读性。 3)关于语言的多样化: 汉语喜重复，英语重多样。如本文频繁出现的“80后”，如果全都翻译成“post-1980s generation”未免显得呆板，因此可将末尾的generation一词用其它英语短语代替，如 “post-1980s cohorts”，cohorts意指“同一类人，同一批人”，与“一代人”的意思相吻合;或者“post-1980s guys and gals”，甚至可译成可从年龄上考虑，80后现在大多二、三十岁，因此可译为“20 or 30-somethings”。 4) 关于专用表达: 文中出现了“论语”等中国名着，其英文固定表达为“Analects of Confucius”。随后出现的“垮掉的一代”涉及到了英美文化常识，美国人喜将不同年代出生的人进行归类，“垮掉的一代”英语对应表达为“beat generation”，同理“迷惘的一代”则称为“lost generation”。 5)关于古文翻译: 本文出现了《论语》中的一句古文“三十而立”。考生应充分理解其意，即一个人在三十岁的时候应该有所建树，因此英文“one should plant his feet upon the ground at the age of thirty”就出炉了。 翻译段落: 没有一个人将小草叫“大力士”，但是它的力量之大，的确是世 所罕见。这种力，是一般人看不见的生命力，只要生命存在，这 种力就要显现，上面的石块，丝毫不足以阻挡，因为它是一种“长 期抗战”的力，有弹性，能屈能伸的力，有韧性，不大目的不止 的力。种子不落在肥土而落在瓦砾中，有生命力的种子决不会悲 观和叹气，因为有了阻力才有磨练。生 命开始的一瞬间就带了斗争来的草，才是坚韧的草，也只有这种 草才可以傲然地对那些玻璃棚中养育着的盆花哄笑。 参考译文: Though the little grass has never been said to be Herculean, the power it shows is matchless in the world. It is an invisible force of life. So long as there is life, the force will show itself. The rock above it is not heavy enough to prevent the seed from growing, because it is a force that keeps growing over a period of time, because it is an elastic force that can shrink and expand, because it is a tenacious force that will not stop growing until it is grown.The seed does not choose to fall on fertile land but in debris, instead. The seed with life is never pessimistic or sad, for it has undergone resistance and pressure. The grass that begins to fight its way out right after its birth is strong and tenacious, and only that grass has the right to smile with pride at the potted plants in glassed green houses. 翻译点评: Herculean:大力神,古希腊神话人物，如果想不到的话可以用比较口语的beefcake或者masculined guy。不过大家还是要注意，多积累一些这样的文化、文学类知识储备，以便在翻译时能做到信手拈来，传神出彩。 matchless一句:这句话的翻译使用了逆向思维，这在英语中很常见，比如:这事决不可能是他干的。 应译成He is the last person to do such a thing. elastic force:弹力，不会的同学亦可译成spring force/bounce，实在不会，可以换成strength，当然这就要失分了。 tenacious:持久的，也可换成ever-lasting或者long-lasting。一般像这样简单的合成词在翻译中往往能派上大用场。 debris:注意，末尾的s是不发音的，但是拼写的时候千万不要漏掉。 potted plants:盆栽。一些普通的日常生活中的名词，大家可能会忽略，翻译中遇到时才恍然发现不会表达。这一类词语要多加注意，不要只将注意力集中在专业名词上面。 篇三:12-14年原题英文版及摘要翻译评价 12-15年各年美赛英文版原文 12年: PROBLEM A: The Leaves of a Tree "How much do the leaves on a tree weigh?How might one estimate the actual weight of the leaves (or for that matter any other parts of the tree)? How might one classify leaves? Build a mathematical model to describe and classify leaves. Consider and answer the following: ? Why do leaves have the various shapes that they have? ? Do the shapes “minimize” overlapping individual shadows that are cast, so as to maximize exposure? Does the distribution of leaves within the “volume” of the tree and its branches effect the shape? ? Speaking of profiles, is leaf shape (general characteristics) related to tree profile/branching structure? ? How would you estimate the leaf mass of a tree? Is there a correlation between the leaf mass and the size characteristics of the tree (height, mass, volume defined by the profile)? In addition to your one page summary sheet prepare a one page letter to an editor of a scientific journal outlining your key findings. 问题A:一棵树的叶子“一棵树上的叶子有多重,”如何估计 叶子的实际重量(或树的其他部分)的实际重量,如何对叶子进 行分类,建立一个数学模型来描述和分类叶子。考虑并回答以下 问题: ?为什么叶片有现在的各种形状, 树叶的形状会“最小化”他们之间的阴影重叠，来让他们接受 阳光照射达到最大码,,叶子在树和分支上“体积”的分布影响 叶子的形状吗, 说到轮廓，叶子的形状(一般特征)与树的轮廓和枝干结构有关联吗, ?你将如何估计树的叶重,叶质量和树(由轮廓定义的高度，质量，体积)的大小特征之间有无联系, 除了总结，你还需要准备一篇给科技期刊编辑的信来说明你的主要发现。 摘要 我们建立四个模型来研究树叶的分类、树叶形状和树叶分布之间的关系、树叶形状和树的轮廓之间的相关性以及估计树叶的总质量。 模型一用于解决树叶的分类问题。我们主要关注树叶最显著的特征，即树叶的形状。我们建立了七个参数对树叶的形状进行量化，然后选取六种普通的形状建立了一个数据库，从典型的树叶中选取一个样本，通过计算该样本参数的偏差指数，我们可以对树叶进行分类。为了阐明分类过程，我们选用枫树叶作为检验的实例。 模型二用于研究树叶形状和树叶分布之间的关系。首先，我们将树简化为一个理想化的模型并且引入太阳高度的概念。考虑到不同太阳高度下，叶片长度和枝节长度之间的关系，我们通过分析重叠部分产生的个体阴影，进而发现可以根据太阳高度对树叶的形状和分布进行优化，使其能够最大化的利用太阳光照。我们将此模型应用于测试三种不同类型的树木。 模型三论述了树的轮廓和树叶形状之间可能存在的相关性。基于叶脉和树的分枝结构的相似性，我们提出，树叶的形状相对于树的轮廓是一个二维的模仿物。利用模型一的方法，我们建立了几个参数来反映每棵树的大体形状并将他们和树叶进行比较，借助于统计工具，我们证明了树的轮廓和树叶形状之间粗略的联系。 模型四用于在给定大小特征的情况下，估计出树叶的总质量。引入二氧化碳吸收速率和树龄来建立树叶质量和树木大小之间的联系，因为一个叶片单位质量吸收二氧化碳的速率是恒定的，因此吸收速率和树龄之间存在一个二次方的关系，并且树木的大小按逻辑增长。 评价: 该篇摘要在开篇直接进入正题，给出所建立的模型，简明扼要。然后在接下来的每一段分别介绍四个模型的用途，解决了哪些问题，并且简述了建立每一个模型的主要方法和步骤，同时选取样本对其建立的模型进行检验，使其得到的结果更能具有说服性，提高可信度和可实施性。 在模型一中，因为树叶形状的多样和不规则性等因素，使得无法表达具体的分类，因此选取参数对树叶的形状进行量化比较合理直接且更容易分类，我们在建立模型时，对于较为模糊的因素，可以将其具体化，量化，使得分析起来更为容易。在模型二中，为了分析树叶形状和分布的联系，引入影响其联系的主要因素，即太阳高度，由于树木在自然环境下生长，树叶形状和分布可能 会受到多重因素限制和影响，因此本文把树木简化为一个理想化 的模型，再对模型进行优化得出结果，并采用不同类型的树木对 所建立的模型进行验证，我们在考虑该问题时，对于实际情况较 为复杂的，限值因素较多且受到不确定因素影响的，可以在假设 中将其简化，并在建立模型后，对模型进行检验。在模型三中， 本文选用了与模型一相同的方法，即选取参数对树的轮廓形状进 行量化再分析。在模型四中，对于评估树叶的总质量，本文也是 先找出影响树叶质量的主要因素，进而再具体分析各个因素之间 的联系，从而评估出树叶的总质量，思路清晰。 摘要的结构和布局层次清晰，较为直观，其叙述方式也十分易懂， 有可读性。我们在论文写作时，也要能够做到用直接明了的语言 来叙述我们的模型，学习英文表述方式，提高可读性。 13年: PROBLEM A: The Ultimate Brownie Pan When baking in a rectangular pan heat is concentrated in the 4 corners and the product gets overcooked at the corners (and to a lesser extent at the edges). In a round pan the heat is distributed evenly over the entire outer edge and the product is not overcooked at the edges. However, since most ovens are rectangular in shape using round pans is not efficient with respect to using the space in an oven. Develop a model to show the distribution of heat across the outer edge of a pan for pans of different shapes - rectangular to circular and other shapes in between. Assume 1. A width to length ratio of W/L for the oven which is rectangular in shape. 2. Each pan must have an area of A. 3. Initially two racks in the oven, evenly spaced. Develop a model that can be used to select the best type of pan (shape) under the following conditions: 1. Maximize number of pans that can fit in the oven (N) 2. Maximize even distribution of heat (H) for the pan 3. Optimize a combination of conditions (1) and (2) where weights p and (1- p) are assigned to illustrate how the results vary with different values of W/L and p. In addition to your MCM formatted solution, prepare a one to two page advertising sheet for the new Brownie Gourmet Magazine highlighting your design and results. 在一个矩形的平锅烘烤时， 热量聚集在四个边角并且食物在边角上烘烤过头(或者接近边缘 处)。在一个圆形的平底锅中，热量被均匀的分布在全部的外边缘 并且食物不会在边角处烘烤过头。但是，由于大多数烤箱的形状 是矩形，使用圆形的平底锅并不能有效的完全使用烤箱的空间。 现在，请你设计一个模型，来展示不同形状的(矩形和圆形以 及两种形状之间的其他形状)平底锅的穿过外边缘的热量的分布情况。 假设: 1.烤箱是一个长和宽成W/L比例的长方形。 2.每个平底锅的面积为A。 3.一开始烤箱里的两个架子是完全被隔开的. 建立设计模型能够在以下条件下选择一个最好的平底锅的形状。 1. 最大化能够放进去烤箱的平底锅的数量。 2. 最大化平底锅的均匀受热量(H)。 3. W/L比和P而变化的。 优化一个组合在条件一和条件二的情况下，重量P和(1-p)被用来阐述结果是如何随着W/L和P的值不同而改变的。 除了你的MCM论文，你还要为新一期的(巧克力蛋糕美食鉴赏)杂志写出一到两页的广告来说明你的设计和结果。 摘要 通过分析锅边缘的热分布受锅的不同形状所影响，本文找出了当使用矩形平底锅时，食物在边缘烘烤过度的原因，此外，根据问题提出的要求，作者提出了烘焙锅设计的优化模型。 本文提出了两个模型和一个算法，第一个模型用于调查在不同形状下平底锅锅边缘的热分布情况，而模型二和算法则被用于设计最终的平底锅。 模型一描述了多边形的边缘热量分布。根据热传导方程并考虑到对流效应的影响，作者建立了一个模型来描述锅内部的热传导。然后，给出一定的诺伊曼边界条件，通过有限元分析导出热量分布的近似结果，根据结果我们可以发现在边缘处烘烤过度的现象与问题中所描述的实际现象相符合，通过曲线拟合，作者还发现，对于多边形来说，边缘温度的标准差与多边形边数的平方成反比。 本文提出的新算法是一种基于中心点矩阵统计的多边形布局模型，用于测试某一区域的某一类多边形或圆的最大数目。在此基础上，计算了不同W/L和p的锅的形状和数量，并用一些实例对该模型进行了测试。 最后，进行敏感性分析和模型评估。在敏感度分析中，发现当W/L和p变化时会出现突变现象。在模型评估过程中，对不同的模型的优点和缺点进行了分析，建议采用模型二的圆角化和正多边形的模型。 评价: 首先阐述了模型的建立过程。第一个模型用于调查在不同形状下平底锅锅边缘的热分布情况，而模型二和算法则被用于设计最终的平底锅。最后，进行敏感性分析和模型评估，并根据敏感性分析得到相关的结论。 摘要的结构和布局层次清晰，较为直观，其叙述方式也十分易懂，有可读性。我们在论文写作时，也要能够做到用直接明了的语言来叙述我们的模型，学习英文表述方式，提高可读性。 14年: PROBLEM B: College Coaching Legends Sports Illustrated, a magazine for sports enthusiasts, is looking for the “best all time college coach” male or female for the previous century. Build a mathematical model to choose the best college coach or coaches (past or present) from among either male or female coaches in such sports as college hockey or field hockey, football, baseball or softball, basketball, or soccer. Does it make a difference which time line horizon that you use in your analysis, i.e., does coaching in 1913 differ from coaching in 2013? Clearly articulate your metrics for assessment. Discuss how your model can be applied in general across both genders and all possible sports. Present your model’s top 5 coaches in each of 3 different sports. In addition to the MCM format and requirements, prepare a 1-2 page article for Sports Illustrated that explains your results and includes a non-technical explanation of your mathematical model that sports fans will understand. 体育画报，为运动爱好者杂志，正在寻找上个世纪堪称“史上 最优秀大学教练”的男性或女性。建立数学模型，选出在大学曲 棍球，足球，棒球或垒球，篮球，橄榄球领域(过去或现在)最 好的一个或多个、男性或女性大学教练。你在你的分析中使用的 时间范围对结果有影响吗,比如说，在1913年执教的情况不同于2013年,清楚地说明您的评估指标。讨论你的模型怎样在男女性别和所有可能的运动中应用。展示由你的模型得到的3个不同的运动各自排名前5的教练。 除了MCM的格式和要求，准备体育画报一份1-2页的文章，用非技术性的解释向您的体育迷阐述你的结果。 摘要: 大学传奇教练评选评价体系 为了评价一个教练的表现，我们从五个方面的指标进行描述:历史 记录 混凝土 养护记录下载土方回填监理旁站记录免费下载集备记录下载集备记录下载集备记录下载 ,比赛含金量,季后赛的表现,获得的荣誉和对体育的贡献。此外,各个方面被细分为若干二级指标。以季后赛的表现为例,我们从NCAA官方网站,维基媒体等等，收集每年季后赛的结果(Sweet Sixteen, Final Four等)。 首先,建立层次分析法(AHP)模型来确定每个教练评估等级指标的权重。所有指标充分填充到three-hierarchy结构,然后我们得到根据评价等级计算得到的指标权重。第二,建立模糊综合评价(FSE)用来克服AHP主观因素过多的缺点。这个模型需要隶属函数来处理的数据从而生成模糊矩阵。之后,应用熵法和线性加权法来获取评价等级。 为了评估两个模型的准确性,定义了命中分数。它反映我们的结果和ESPN和体育新闻等几个部门的排名的标准之间的差异。在采取NCAA篮球作为一个案例研究中,层次分析法得到78.77的分数 而FSE得到81.81的分数,这表明通过FSE计算比层次分析法好。聚合模型(AM)可以在分数的基础上通过结合两个模型进行扩展。前5名的大学篮球教练,是约翰木,迈克.沙舍夫斯基,阿道夫鲁普,迪恩史密斯和鲍勃奈特。 时间线也会对模型产生影响。根据NCAA历史上的转折点,我们用不同的比重将上个世纪划分为六个时间段,这也导致排名的变化。我们应用我们的模型到女大学生年代篮球，只发现性别对结果没有影响。模型被证明在其他体育运动也同