2022年考研考博-考博英语-中共中央党校考前押题壹（附答案详解）试卷号：22

长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-中共中央党校考前押 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 壹（附答案详解）一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题  Broadlyspeaking,I（1）theexperienceofwould-bepublicintellectualsintotwoforms.Intheperiodofthe1960sand1970s,thoseworkingforsocialjustice（2）intellectualworkagainstthebackgroundofa‘worldunderconstruction’-thoughtandactionremainedalliedandthelinktopolicyremained（3）forintellectualstomovebeyondmerewordgames.Inthel980sandearly1990s,thoseintellectualsworkingforsocialjusticeineducationfaceda‘worldunderdeconstruction’-manyof（4）projectsweredismantledorcameundersustainedattack.Inthislaterperiod,detachedfromactionanddivorcedfrompolicy,thepublicintellectualwasforcedintoanincreasinglyabstractpositionofarguingthroughwordsforpoliciesandactivitiesthat（5）discoursesofdisavowal,displacementandderision.Thisisharshterraintooccupyandyettherearemanyexamplesofpeoplewhocontinuedto（6）socialjusticesinrace,genderandclassterms.IamremindedofafilmIwatchedontheAmericanCivilWar.AstheSouthwasprogressivelydefeated,（7）landwasoccupied-justafewtownsandstripsofland.Intheend,thecommentatorsaidallthatwasleftwasa‘confederacyofthemind’-acollectivememoryofanaspiration.（8）,thathasbeenthefateofmovementsforsocialjusticeandofassociatedintellectualwork（9）thepasttwodecades.Butweshouldnotunderestimatethe‘confederacyofthemind’.Forone（10）Iwillmakewithgreatforceisthatthelargestproblemtheattemptedreconstructionofthepasttwodecades（11）-theattempttodemolishthewelfarestate-ispeople’scollectivememoryofgoodpublicservices,ofcommitmentstoprovisionforall,（12）itbeschoolsorhospitals.Thevitaltasknowisto（13）,reenergizeandreinventnewprojectsandprogramsforsocialjustice,formemoriesandpredispositioninBritainremain（14）resilient.Weshouldnowbe（15）defineanewrolefortheeducationalresearcherin（16）Britain,anddosoinwaysinformedbycollectivememoriesofsocialjusticeinitiatives.Thisshould,hopefully,presageanewinvestigationoftheroleofeducationalresearcheraspublicintellectual,movingus（17）anewphaseafterthehopefulyearsofthe1960sandearly1970sandthereversalinthetwodecadesthatfollowed.Nowwecanhopeagaintherearepostmodernprospects（18）IshouldnotethatIamnot（19）re-establishingsomeoldmasternarrativeofsocialjustice-more（20）voicesandvisions,amovingmosaicofintentionsandplans.问题1选项A.haddividedB.dividedC.hadbeendividingD.havebeendividing问题2选项A.undertookB.undertakeC.acceptedD.accept问题3选项A.farenoughB.enoughfarC.closeenoughD.enoughclose问题4选项A.thedearlyB.themostdearlyC.dearlyD.themoredearly问题5选项A.weresubjecttoB.weresubjectedtoC.aresubjecttoD.aresubjectedto问题6选项A.argueagainstB.argueforC.arguewithD.argueto问题7选项A.moreandmoreB.moreC.lessD.lessandless问题8选项A.InsomewayB.InsomewaysC.InawayD.[nways问题9选项A.ofB.forC.inD.by问题10选项A.assertionB.announcementC.allegeD.assessment问题11选项A.willfaceB.faceC.facedD.hasfaced问题12选项A.ratherB.whetherC.eitherD.even问题13选项A.reentrantB.reinvigorateC.reinforceD.reeducated问题14选项A.remarkablyB.remarkingC.remarkedD.remarkable问题15选项A.lookingintoB.lookingontoC.lookingtoD.lookingforwardto问题16选项A.millenarianB.millenniumC.millennialD.millenary问题17选项A.forwardtoB.awaytoC.intoD.onto问题18选项A.forexploringB.toexploreC.withexplorationD.forexploration问题19选项A.talkingwithB.talkingaboutC.talkingoverD.talkingto问题20选项A.alotofB.abitofC.anumberofD.asetof【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:C第4题:B第5题:A第6题:B第7题:D第8题:B第9题:C第10题:A第11题:D第12题:B第13题:B第14题:A第15题:C第16题:C第17题:C第18题:B第19题:B第20题:D【解析】（1）语法题。根据文章第二句“Intheperiodofthe1960sand1970s”可知，句子的时态为过去时态，是对过去事情的回忆。又根据broadlyspeaking“一般说来”，可知，空格中的动作是从过去持续到现在，并且会一直持续下去。所以选用现在完成进行时态。选项D符合题意。（2）动词词义辨析和语法。undertake“从事，承担”；accept“接受”，根据文意：那些为社会正义而工作的人承担着智力工作。所以选用动词undertake，又根据整个文段的时态，选项A符合题意。（3）固定搭配和语法。enough修饰形容词需要后置，选项B和D可排除。又根据上文remainedallied“保持同盟关系”，可知下文应该 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示与政策相联系，使其保持足够紧密。选项C符合题意。（4）语法题。根据文意manyof表示“在……中许多”，可知空格中应该填入最高级，副词dearly的最高级为themostdearly，选项B符合题意。（5）固定搭配和语法。besubjectedto“经受……”，besubjectto“从属于……，有……倾向”。句意：从属于否认、替换和嘲笑的谈话。又因为整个文段为一般过去时态。选项A符合题意。（6）固定搭配。argueagainst“反对”；arguefor“支持”；arguewith“和……争论”；没有搭配argueto，选项D可排除。根据句意：在种族、性别、阶级方面继续支持正义。选项B符合题意。（7）推断题。根据文章第三段第二句“AstheSouthwasprogressivelydefeated…”，可知随着南方逐渐被打败，越来越少的土地被占领-只有一些城镇和狭长地带。lessandless“越来越少”，moreandmore“越来越多”。选项D符合题意。（8）固定搭配。insomeways“在某些方面，在某种程度上”；inaway“在某些程度上，有点儿”；没有搭配insomeway和inways，选项A和D可排除。句意：在某种程度上，这就是争取社会正义运功的命运。Insomeways起承上启下的作用，选项B符合题意。（9）固定搭配。固定搭配“inthepasttwodecades”意思为“在过去的二十年”，选项C符合题意。（10）名词词义辨析。assertion“断言，声明”；announcement“公告”；allege“断言，宣称”；assessment“评定，估价”。句意：我们不应该低估“思想联盟”，我用我最大的力量去声明的一点是……，选项A符合题意。（11）语法题。根据时态标志词thepasttwodecades“在过去的二十年”，可知句子的时态为现在完成时态，强调过去的动作对现在产生影响，选项D符合题意。（12）逻辑关系。rather“宁可，宁愿”；whether…or“无论……还是……”；either…or“或者……或者（两者之一）”；even“甚至”。句意：承诺给所有人提供粮食，无论是学校还是医院。选项B符合题意。（13）词汇题。reentrant“可再入的”；reinvigorate“使再振作”；reinforce“加强”；reeducated“接受再教育的”。句意：现在最重要的任务是重振、再激励和改造社会正义的新项目和计划。选项B符合题意。（14）语法题。根据空格后的resilient形容词，词意为“有弹力的，能迅速恢复的”，可知空格中应该填入副词，用来修饰形容词，选项A符合题意。（15）固定搭配。lookinto“调查，窥视”；lookto“注意，指望”；lookonto“朝……看”；lookforwardto“期望，期待”。句意：我们现在应该注意为研究教育者定位一个新的角色。选项C符合题意。（16）形近词辨析和语法。millenarian“一千的”；millennium“一千年”；millennial“—千年的”；millenary“千年，一千”。根据上文提到的新计划的完成，可知项目和计划的完成需要上千年，名词Britain前应该用形容词，所以选项C符合题意。（17）固定搭配。根据搭配move…into…“将……移入……”，选项C符合题意。（18）语法题。根据时间状语now，可知文章提到的是现在对未来的希望，所以用不定式表将来，在句子中作目的状语。选项B符合题意。（19）固定搭配。talkwith“和……交谈”；talkabout“谈论关于……”，talkover“谈论，说服”；talkto“和……说话”。句意：我们不是在谈论关于重新建构一些关于社会正义的旧事讲述。选项B符合题意。（20）固定搭配和语法。alotof“许多，大量”；abitof“一点点”；anumberof“大量的”；asetof“一组，一套”。根据文意moreasetofvoicesandvisions“更多的是一些声音和愿景”，选项D符合题意。2.单选题Thatpublicfigurewasreally（）forsayingthosethingsinpublic,eventhoughpeoplecanunderstandhimandseehispointofviewonthematter.问题1选项A.behindthelinesB.outoflineC.offthelineD.inhisline【答案】B【解析】固定搭配。behindthelines“在后方；绳子的背后”，outofline“不协调，违规”，offtheline“打完电话”，没有搭配inhisline。句意：那位公众人物在公共场合说那些话真是不合规矩，尽管人们能理解他，也能看到他对这件事情的看法。选项B符合题意。3.单选题Atothertimes,however,reasoncancorrecttheappearancesofsense;fromthewaxingandwaningofthemoon,accordingtohowitisilluminatedbythesun,wecan（）thatitisaglobe,andnottheflatdiscitappearstobe.问题1选项A.reduceB.reciteC.deduceD.decide【答案】C【解析】动词词义辨析。reduce“减少，降低”；recite“背诵，列举”；deduce“推论，推断”；decide“ 决定 郑伟家庭教育讲座全集个人独资股东决定成立安全领导小组关于成立临时党支部关于注销分公司决定 ，判决”。句意：然而，在其他时候，理性可以改正感觉的表象；从月亮的盈亏来看，根据太阳的照射方式，我们可以推断它是一个球体，而不是像看上去的那样，是一个扁平的圆盘。选项C符合题意。4.单选题MuchasofficialsstillsaythatChinacannotcarrytheburdenofinternationalgovernance,theyare（）theideathatitshouldsignupasastakeholderinasetofrulesmadeinWashington.问题1选项A.dismissiveofB.disincentivetoC.disturbingD.dissipating【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析和固定搭配。bedismissiveof“不屑一顾”；bedisincentiveto“阻碍因素”；disturb“打扰”；dissipate“使驱散”。句意：尽管官员们仍然说中国不能承担起国际管理的责任，但是他们也会对这样的想法不屑一顾：中国在制定一套规则中成为利益相关者。选项A符合题意。5.问答题Thesecond,orproblem-oriented,approachistheexactopposite.Aspecifichistoricalquestionisformulated,usuallypromptedbyareadingofthesecondaryauthorities,andtherelevantprimarysourcesarethenstudied;thebearingthatthesesourcesmayhaveonotherissuesisignored,theresearcherproceedingasdirectlyaspossibletothepointwhereheorshecanpresentsomeconclusions.Eachmethodencounterssnags.Thesource-orientedapproach,althoughappropriateforanewlydiscoveredsource,mayyieldonlyanincoherentjumbleofdates.Theproblem-orientedapproach,soundslikecommonsenseandprobablycorrespondstomostpeople'sideaofresearch.Butitisoftendifficulttotellinadvancewhatsourcesarerelevant.Aswillbeshownlater,themostimprobablesourcesaresometimesfoundtobeilluminating,whiletheobviousonesmayleadthehistorianintotoocloseanidentificationwiththeconcernsoftheorganizationthatproducedthem.Moreover,foranytopicinWesternnineteenth-ortwentieth-centuryhistory,howevercircumscribedbytimeorplace,thesourcesaresounwieldythatfurtherselectioncanhardlybeavoided,andwithittheriskofleavingvitalevidenceuntouched.Inpracticeneitheroftheseapproachesisusuallypursuedtothecompleteexclusionoftheother,butthebalancestruckbetweenthemvariesagooddeal.Somehistoriansbegintheircareerswithanarrowlydefinedprojectbasedonalimitedrangeofsources;othersareletlooseonamajorarchivewithonlythevaguestofbriefs.Theformerisonthewholethemorecommon,becauseofthepressuretoproducequickresultsthatisimposedbythePh.Ddegree-theformalapprenticeshipservedbymostacademichistorians.Agreatdealofresearchconsistsnotinferretingoutnewsourcesbutinturningtowell-knownmaterialswithnewquestionsinmind.Yettoosingle-mindedapreoccupationwithanarrowsetofissuesmayleadtoevidencebeingtakenoutofcontextandmisinterpreted-'source-mining'asonecritichascalledit.Itisvital,therefore,thattherelationshipbetweenthehistorianandhisorhersourcesisoneofgiveandtake.Manyhistorianshavehadtheexperienceofsettingoutwithonesetofquestions,onlytofindthatthesourceswhichtheyhadsupposedwouldfurnishtheanswersinsteaddirectedtheirresearchontoquiteadifferentpath.EmmanuelLeRoyLaduriefirstturnedtotheland-taxregistersofruralLanguedocwithaviewtodocumentingthebirthofcapitalisminthatregion;hefoundhimselfinsteadinvestigatingitssocialstructureinthebroadestsense,andinparticulartheimpactofdemographicchange.Minewastheclassicmisadventure;Ihadwantedtomasterasourceinordertoconfirmmyyouthfulconvictions,butitwasfinallythesourcethatmasteredmebyimposingitsownrhythms,itsownchronology,anditsownparticulartroth.1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?2.Whatisthefirstapproachtohistoricalstudies?3.Whydoestheauthorsaythattheproblem-orientedapproachsoundslikecommonsenseandprobablycorrespondstomostpeople'sideaofresearch?4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby'"Inpracticeneitheroftheseapproachesisusuallypursuedtothecompleteexclusionoftheother"?5.Accordingtothepassage,whatshouldbetheappropriatewayofstudyinghistoricalsources?【答案】1.Itmainlydiscussesabouttwowaysofresearchinghistory.2.Thesource-orientedapproach.3.Becausethesource-orientedapproach,althoughappropriateforanewlydiscoveredsource,mayyieldonlyanincoherentjumbleofdates.4.Theauthormeansthatweshouldusethesource-orientedapproachandproblem-orientedapproachatthesametime.5.Combinethetwowaysofstudyinghistoryandfindabalancepoint.6.单选题TheSupremeCourtruledlastweekthatagroupofemployeessuingforagediscriminationshouldgettheirdayincourteventhoughtheyfiledtheircomplaintonthewrongform.Thedecisionisnoteworthybecauseitsuggeststhatthiscourtcouldbepullingbackfromwhathasoftenseemedlikeaknee-jerkinclinationtoruleforcorporationsoverworkersandcustomers.Groupofcouriersovertheageof40suedFederalExpress,claimingittriedtopushoutolderworkers.TheissuewaswhethertheysubmittedapropercomplainttotheEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommissionwithinthelegaltimelimit.FedExclaimedthecouriersfiledthewrongform,butthecourtruled,7to2,thatanintakequestionnaireandasignedaffidavit—whichtheE.E.O.C.consideredavalidcomplaint—metits"permissivestandard"forwhatwasacceptable.Itissurprisingandwelcometoseethecourtapplyanysortofpermissivestandard,consideringhowitruledinasimilarcasejustlastyear.Throughatorturedandillogicalreadingofthelaw,thecourtruled,5to4,thataGoodyearemployeemissedthedeadlineforfilingacomplaintthatshewaspaidlessthanmalecolleagues.Thatwasoneofaseriesofrulingsinrecentyearsthatstretchedthelawtocomeoutagainstlittle-guyparties.Inoneegregiousdecisionlastyear,thecourtignoreditsprecedentstoholdthataninmatelosttherighttochallengehismurderconvictionbecausehemissedadeadline—eventhoughhehadfiledtheappealbythedaythefederaldistrictjudge(mistakenly)toldhimto.TheFedExrulingcouldbeanaberration,oritcouldmarkanewdirection.ThejusticesmayhavebeenchastenedbytheenormouscriticismoftheGoodyearrulingfromCongressandthepublic.(TheHousehaspassedabillreversingit,andtheSenatemaysoonfollow.)Theymayalsobereacting—asthecourthasbeenknowntodo—toshiftingpoliticalwinds.Votersinthiselectionyeardonotappeartofavortheblinddeferencetocorporatepowerthathasbeenathemeofthelastsevenyears.Itwouldbeamistaketoreadtoomuchintoonedecision.Thereiscertainlyevidencethecourtwillnoteasilyshakeitsunduesolicitudefortheproblemsofcorporations.Oneexamplecamelastweek,inExxon'schallengetoa$2.5billionpunitivedamagesawardagainstitarisingoutoftheExxonValdezoilspill.ChiefJusticeJohnRoberts,whooncepracticedcorporatelaw,asked,"Sowhatcanacorporationdotoprotectitselfagainstpunitivedamagesawardssuchasthis?"Thecourthasbeenonacampaigntostrikedownlargeawardsofpunitivedamagesagainstcorporations,butthelawyerfortheoilspill'svictims,ProfessorJeffreyFisherofStanfordLawSchool,hadtheanswer:"Itcanhirefitandcompetentpeople."1.Whatcouldbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphofthispassage?2.Inthesecondparagraph,theauthorusestheexampleofFedExcouriers'caseto（）.3.Theword"egregious"inthefourthparagraphmostprobablymeans（）.4.Fromthelasttwoparagraphs,wecandrawtheconclusionthat（）.5.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsthecourt'sverdictintheFedExcaseseemstobe（）问题1选项A.TheSupremeCourtseemedlikelytosupporttheemployees.B.Courtsseemedlikelytoruleforcompaniesoverworkersandconsumers.C.Agroupofemployeesfailedontheiraccusationbecausetheyfiledtheircomplaintonthewrongform.D.AgroupofworkersgottheirholidaysfromtheverdictoftheSupremeCourt.问题2选项A.showitissurprisingthatthecourtappliedanysortofpermissivestandardB.expressthatthepublicwelcometheapplicationofanysortofpermissivestandardbythecourt.C.showthatFedExtriedtopushoutoldworkersD.indicatethatthecourthaschangedsomeconventions问题3选项A.extremelybadB.verysimilarC.extravagantD.quitenoticeable问题4选项A.thecourthasbeenonacampaigntoprotectthecorporationsB.thecourthasbeenonacampaigntoverdictforworkersandconsumersC.thecourtwillnoteasilygiveupitssolicitudefortheproblemsofthecompaniesD.thecourtwillstillverdictforthecompaniesregardlessoftheFedExcase问题5选项A.cautiouslyoptimisticB.suspiciousC.dissatisfiedD.indifferent【答案】第1题:A第2题:A第3题:A第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.推断题。根据文章第一段，“…thiscourtcouldbepullingbackfromwhathasoftenseemedlikeaknee-jerkinclinationtoruleforcorporationsoverworkersandcustomers.”，可知最高法院可能会撤回一种下意识的倾向，转而为企业而非员工和客户做出裁决。可推断出法院似乎会支持员工。选项A符合题意。2.推断题。根据文章第三段第一句，“Itissurprisingandwelcometoseethecourtapplyanysortofpermissivestandard,consideringhowitruledinasimilarcasejustlastyear.”，可知考虑到最高法院去年在一起类似案件中是如何做出裁决的，它会采用任何一种宽容的标准，这令人惊讶，也令人欢迎。又因为此句是对第二段内容的一个 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf 和衔接，可推断出第二段联邦快递的例子就是为了证明此观点，法院竟然采用了一种宽容的标准，这是令人惊讶的。选项A符合题意。3.词义理解题。根据文章第四段，“Inoneegregiousdecisionlastyear,thecourtignoreditsprecedentstoholdthataninmatelosttherighttochallengehismurderconvictionbecausehemissedadeadline…”，可知在去年的一项过分的裁决中，最高法院忽视其判例，认定一名囚犯因为错过了最后期限而失去了对谋杀罪提出质疑的权利。可判断出egregious是一个消极意义的单词，意为“极坏的，糟糕的，过分的”。选项A符合题意。4.推断题。A和D项都是对联邦例子细节上的描写和体现，并不是一个总结，可排除。根据文章最后一段，“Thecourthasbeenonacampaigntostrikedownlargeawardsofpunitivedamagesagainstcorporations”，可知法院在进行一场运动，以废除对公司的巨额惩罚性赔偿，而且下文提到公司可以雇佣更加有能力的人，可判断出法院并没有一直做出有利于员工和消费者的裁决，选项B可排除。根据文章第六段，“Itwouldbeamistaketoreadtoomuchintoonedecision.Thereiscertainlyevidencethecourtwillnoteasilyshakeitsunduesolicitudefortheproblemsofcorporations.”，可知对一个判决进行过分解读是错误的，有确凿的证据表明，法院不会轻易动摇它对公司问题的过分关注。可推断出法院不会轻易放弃对公司问题的关注。选项C符合题意。5.推断题。根据全文，可知作者对法院之前的裁决表现出不认同的态度，根据文章第三段，“Itissurprisingandwelcometoseethecourtapplyanysortofpermissivestandard”，可知联邦快递事件的裁决运用了宽容标准，是令人惊讶并且受人欢迎的。但第五段第一句又提到对于本事件的裁决也可能标志着一个新的方向。可推断出作者对联邦快递事件的法院判决的态度似乎是持怀疑态度的。选项B符合题意。7.单选题AnarchitectofIsraelisettlementsintheoccupiedlands,Mr.Sharongainedinternational（）overtheyearsforharshtacticsagainstthePalestiniansover（）Israelruled.问题1选项A.fame...whichB.infamy...whichC.infamy...whomD.fame...whom【答案】C【解析】名词词义辨析和语法。fame“名声”；infamy“声名狼藉”。根据句子结构，可知空格中应该填入关系代词引导定语从句，修饰前面的名词Palestinians，因为先行词是人，所以关系代词选用whom，句意：Mr.Sharon因为对由以色列人统治的巴基斯坦人的残酷手段在国际上声名狼藉。选项C符合题意。8.单选题Amanwhobecomesconsciousoftheresponsibilityhebearstowardahumanbeingwhoaffectionatelywaitsforhim,won’tbeabletothrowawayhislife.Heknowsthe“（）’’forhisexistence,andwillbeabletobearany“（ ）”.问题1选项A.how...whyB.why...howC.when...WhyD.where...how【答案】B【解析】语法题。how表方式，why表原因，when表时间，where表地点，根据题意，他知道她存在的原因和意义，可知第一空填why。句意：一个人如果意识到他对一个深情地等待着他的人所承担的责任，他就不能抛弃自己的生命。因为他会意识到自己存在的原因，并且能够承受未来的一切。选项B符合题意。9.翻译题Itisalsoclearfromhisaccountwhoisresponsibleformisrepresentingthisthreat:themediaandpoliticians.Thoughoutthiswork,hescoldsboth.Politicians,wearetold,“amplifythethreatfortheirownpoliticalgainsandmisleadthepublicintomisunderstandingterrorismandpreferappearingtoughonterrorismtoeffectivelycombatingitathome”.Hearguesthatmediareportingissignificantlyflawedandhystericalandsuggeststhatthemediaandpoliticiansseldompassupanyopportunitytomanipulateandsensationalizenewsevents.ThecombinationofthesetwofactorsisagreatinflationoftheterroristtheatintheUnitedStates,resultinginpopularhysteria.ThefocusonthethreattotheWestisunderstandableinsomeways—itisthethreattoone’sownstatethatthemediaandpoliticiansareconcernedwithandattempttomitigate.【答案】【参考译文】从他的描述中也可以清楚地看出，是谁歪曲了这一威胁：媒体和政客。在这篇文章中，他斥责了两者。他说，政客们为了自己的政治利益而放大威胁，误导公众对恐怖主义产生误解，比起在国内有效打击恐怖主义，他们更愿（仅仅）表现出一副强硬态度。他认为媒体报道有明显的缺陷且很滑稽，并暗示媒体和政客很少错过任何操纵和渲染新闻事件的机会。这两个因素结合在一起大大地夸大了美国的恐怖主义威胁，导致了大众的谈虎色变。对西方的威胁的关注度在某种程度上是可以理解的——媒体和政客们关注并试图减轻的是对自己国家的威胁。10.单选题MoscowseemstobemovingpastitsoldfearofanexpandedNATO.ThoughRussiadoesnotwanttojoinNATO——PutinandotherpoliticianshavemadeitclearthattheyconsiderRussiacapableofensuringitsownsecurity---itisplacinganew（）onfosteringtiewithitsNATOneighbors.问题1选项A.premiumB.preludeC.preponderanceD.preamble【答案】A【解析】形近异义词辨析。premium“额外费用”；prelude“前奏，序幕”；preponderance“优势，多数”；preamble“序文，先兆”。又根据固定搭配placeanewpremiumon“鼓励，重视”，句意：普京和其他政客已经明确表示，他们认为俄罗斯有能力确保自己的安全---俄罗斯注重加强与北约邻国的关系。选项A符合题意。11.单选题Withtheexpansionofthecompany,themanagerhassomuchworktodothataholidayforhimthisyearis（）.问题1选项A.outofquestionB.outofthequestionC.beyondallquestionD.pastquestion【答案】B【解析】词组辨析。outofquestion“毫无疑问”；outofthequestion“不可能”；beyondallquestion“毫无疑问”；pastquestion“无可争辩”。句意：随着公司的扩张，经理有很多的工作要做，所以今年的假期对他来说是不可能的。选项B符合题意。12.单选题 Davos2013isshapinguptobetheyearwhentheforum'sbankparticipantstrytofadeintothebackgroundandfinallyputthefinancialcrisisbehindthem.Publicpanelsincludeonlytwoorthreedevotedtofinancialservices.Atthemoreproductiveprivatemeetingsatthefringes,bankerssaydiscussionismoreupbeatthanithas-beensincethecrisisbeganhalfadecadeago.Improvingeurozonesentimentandaslowlybrighteningmoodamongbanks'corporateclientsishearteningforbankers.Allthesamenoonecanletgoofthetopicthathasmostvexedthemforyears:ever-increasingregulation.Onthecoreeurozonediscussion,thetoneisofcautiousoptimism.“Thesystemisslowlycomingbacktolife,”saidoneinvestmentbankboss,pointingtosteadysignsofeurozonerecovery,mostrecentlyevidentinthisweek’sSpanishsovereigndebtauction.“There’sdefinitelyachangeoftone,”addedtheboardmemberofaUSbank.“Ourclientsaredefinitelymoreupbeat.”Aroundthataveragesentimentviewsrangedwidely,stretchingfromthecomplacenttothedoomladen.“It’shardtoseewhatcouldgowrong,”saidoneinvestmentbankboss.ThatwasinstarkcontrastwithawarningfromAxelWeber,chairmanofUBSandformerpresidentofGermany’sBundesbank,whosaidthatpatchworkfixesbycentralbankswerejustdisguisingproblemsthatwillreturn."We’reJivingabetterlifenowattheexpenseoffuturegenerations,”Mr.Webersaid.AsatrecentDavosforums,theregulatoryagendahasprovidedafocus.Bankersthisyearhavebemoanedthebreakdowninaninternationalregulatoryframework.Mr.Webersaid:“Youneedaglobalstandard.Butthisisnothappening."Hewarnedthat,withoutaharmonizedrulebook,thedangersintheglobalbankingsystemwouldincrease.Hecontrastedthe“Alpine”capitalrequirementsinSwitzerlandwiththediversestructuralreformsunderwayintheUS,theUKandpotentiallytheEU.Worsestillwasthefailureofpolicymakerstolookacrossthefinancialservicesindustryandjoinupthethinkingonhowbanksandinsurersshouldberegulated,criticssaid.OnechiefexecutiveofalargeUSfinancialgroupsaidtheregulatorysituationwas"reallyhorrific"."Ifyoutakeanicebusinessliketheinsurancebusiness,"thechiefexecutivesaid."Here'sanindustrythatwentthroughthecrisisandhadalmostnoproblems.They'veputinawholenewregulatoryregimetomakesuretheycan'tmakemoney.It'sastonishing."Anotherbankbosssaidprivatelyhewas"extremelyworried"abouttheinabilityofEuropeaninsurancecompaniestofinancebanks,undertheprospectiveSolvencyIIrules.TidjaneThiam,chiefexecutiveofUKinsurerPrudential,said:"Thereisalackofjoined-upthinking.TheinsuranceindustryistraditionallythebiggestinvestorinthebankingindustrybutSolvencyIIsayswecan'tinvestinbanks."Frictionwasalsoevidentbetweeninvestorsandcompanies,particularlyfinancialgroups.PaulSinger,headofElliottCapitalManagement,slammedbanksfor"completelyopaque’’disclosuresthatmadeitimpossibletoknowwhethertheywere“riskyorsound”.Mostperniciousofallamongtheregulatoryinitiativeswasthecontinuing-andarguablyworsening-senseofuncertaintyoverwhatregulatorsandpoliticianshaveinmindnext,particularlyinEurope.1.HowwouldyoucharacterizetheatmosphereatDavosforums2013?2.AxelWeberwouldmostprobablyarguethat（ ）.3.Itmaybeinf