unit-11-Ethics

Warmer:vocabularynotes1.ethic:asystemofmoralprinciplesorrulesofbehaviour.伦理，道德 规范 编程规范下载gsp规范下载钢格栅规范下载警徽规范下载建设厅规范下载 Thepuritanethic（清教徒道德观）,theChristianethic,theprotestantethic（新教伦理）2.Ethics:Therulesorstandardsgoverningtheconductofapersonorthemembersofaprofession道德 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 Personalethics,socialethics,professionalethics,businessethics,medicalethics,codeofethicsWarmer:vocabularynotes3.ethics:thebranchofphilosophythatdealswithmoralprinciples伦理学-Ethicsisabranchofphilosophy.cf.-Theethicsofhisdecisionaredoubtful.4.ethical:relatingtobeliefsaboutwhatisrightandwrongethicalproblems(basis,standard,issue,relativism,decision-making,investmentscheme,code,theories,risk…)Warmer:considerthefollowingquestions:1.Isitworsetostealfromanotherpersonthantostealfromashop?2.Isitalwayswrongtolie?3.Ifyouknewyourbrotherwassellingfakeswouldyoutellthepolice?Warmer:commentonthequotation:Thosearemyprinciples;ifyoudon’tlikethem,Ihaveothers.GrouchoMarxToomanyprinciplesapplyingtothesameissuewouldleadtonoprinciplesatall!Startingup:taskA(1)ServingtheneedsofcustomersSupplyingproductsandservicesCreatingjobsProducingwealthMakingprofits…PurposeofabusinessbackStartingup:taskA(2)Businessethicsaretheoriesaboutconductandvalueswhichtakeaccountofthemoralresponsibilitiesabusinesshastothecommunityitexistsin,toitsemployeesandtoitscustomersWhatdoyouunderstandbythesephrases?Startingup:taskA(2)Acodeofgoodpractice（良好行为规范）isawrittendocumentlayingdownethicalwaysofworkingforthepersonnelofacompany.Whatdoyouunderstandbythesephrases?Startingup:taskA(2)Amissionstatement（公司使命）isadocumentinwhichacompanysetsoutitsgeneralapproachtodoingbusinessanditsobjectives.Notallcompanieshavemissionstatements,andtheycanvaryfromasinglesentencetoseveralpages.Whatdoyouunderstandbythesephrases?Startingup:taskA(2)WaltDisney:"Tomakepeoplehappy."Wal-Mart:"Togiveordinaryfolkthechancetobuythesamethingsasrichpeople."Sony:"Ourmissionistoexperiencethejoyofadvancingandapplyingtechnologyforthebenefitofthepublic."3M:"Tosolveunsolvedproblemsinnovatively."Microsoft:"Acomputeroneverydeskandineveryhome."Commentonthesemissionstatements?Startingup:taskA(4)Professions:Howethicaldoyouthinktheyare?Startingup:taskA(4)Professions:Howethicaldoyouthinktheyare?Startingup:taskBTalkaboutunethicalactivities:Avoidingpayingtaxis…inthatcountry.notallowed,againstlaw,unethical,verycommon,notverycommon,understandable,acceptable,illegal,rampant（猖獗的）,oneoftheunspokenrules,simplyoutofthequestion…Vocabulary:HonestyanddishonestyTaskA:Vocabularynotes:1.law-abiding:adheringstrictlytolawsandrulesandcustoms2.Crooked:dishonestorillegal3.Aslushfund:areserveofmoneyusedforillicitpurposes,especiallypoliticalbribery.4.Sweetener:somethingthatyougiveoroffersomeoneinordertopersuadethemtoacceptanofferorbusinessdeal.backVocabulary:HonestyanddishonestyTaskA:Vocabularynotes:5.Insidertrading:theillegalpracticeoftradingonthestockexchangetoone'sownadvantagethroughhavingaccesstoconfidentialinformation.6.Industrialespionage:Theuseofclandestine(secret)methodstoacquiresecretinformationforcommercialadvantage.7.whistleblower:Onewhorevealswrongdoingwithinanorganizationtothepublicortothoseinpositionsofauthority.Vocabulary:HonestyanddishonestyTaskA:Vocabularynotes:8.swindler:Apersonwhopractisesfraudordeceitforpurposesofgain;acheat9.conman:amanwhopersuadespeopletogivehimtheirmoneyorpropertybylyingtothem.10.fraud:thecrimeofgainingmoneyorfinancialbenefitsbyatrickorbylying.11.integrity:thequalityofhavingstrongmoralprinciples.Vocabulary:HonestyanddishonestyTaskA(key):trustworthylaw-abidingaslushfundasweetenerinsidertradingindustrialespionageaswindleraconmanabonusacommissionfrauddeceitcrookedcompensationdisclosureawhistleblowerintegrityAbribeVocabulary:HonestyanddishonestyTaskB(key):1.Ourcompanydoesnothingillegal.Wearevery_____________________　　　　2.We’vegot_____________________whichisusedincountrieswhereit’sdifficulttodobusinesswithoutbribes.3.Theircarlookedsomuchlikeournewmodel.Wesuspect________________________________.law-abidingaslushfundindustrialespionageVocabulary:HonestyanddishonestyTaskB(key):4.Theyfiredhimbecausehewas_________________________.Heinformedthepressthatthecompanywasusingunder-ageworkersinthefactory.　　　　5.Hedeniedaccepting______________whenhegavethecontracttothemostexpensivesupplier.6.Iadmireourchairman.He’samanofhiswordandisgreatlyrespectedforhis________________.AwhistleblowerAbribeintegrityDiscussion:doingtherightthingquestions:whichsetofethicdoyouprefer?WorkSavingsResponsibilityCompetitionSexrolesSacrificeEquality-InequalityWealthaccumulationAbsolutionRiskassumptionEfficiency/ProductivityThrift/InvestmentLeisureDebtRightsProtectionUnisexismSelf-interestEqualityWealthredistributionSituationalismRiskaversionQualityoflifeConsumerismDiscussion:doingtherightthingTaskA:dealingwiththeethicaldilemmas:Shouldyou…choosethebestqualified?increasetheirwages?reportthemistakes?increasethepriceandmaintainthecurrentweightoftheproductinthepacket?Discussion:doingtherightthingTaskB:questions:Canbusinessesthatconductthemselvesinanethicalwaybeprofitable?DoyoulikeworkinginacompanythatisunwillingtotakeanethicalstandwhenthereisfinancialcosttothedecisionReading:whistle-blowingontobaccoWhistle-blowing:adefinition“Whistle-blowing”istheactofamanorwomanwho,believingthatthepublicinterestoverrides(bemoreimportantthan)theinterestoftheorganizationhe(she)serves,publicly“blowsthewhistle”iftheorganizationisinvolvedincorrupt,illegal,fraudulent,orharmfulactivity(Nader,Petkas,andBlackwell,1972)backReading:whistle-blowingontobaccoWhistle-blowing:analternativedefinition:Someoftheenemiesofbusinessnowencourageanemployeetobedisloyaltotheenterprise.Theywanttocreatesuspicionanddisharmonyandpryintotheproprietaryinterestsofthebusiness.Howeverthisislabelled-industrialespionage,whistle-blowingorprofessionalresponsibility-itisanothertacticforspreadingdisunityandcreatingconflict(Roche-GMchairman,1971)Reading:whistle-blowingontobaccoProblemsthatmightjustifywhistle-blowing:IncompetenceCriminalBehaviorUnethicalPoliciesThreattoPublicSafetyInjusticestoWorkersWouldyoublowawhistleinthesecases?Reading:whistle-blowingontobaccoWhistle-blowing:how?1.SECRETLYBLOWTHEWHISTLEcanbeveryeffectiveIfwhistle-blowerremainssecret,retaliationcannotoccurFeelingsofcowardiceCreationofatmosphereofmistrustWhatwillwhistle-blowerdoifconfrontedbyfirm-tellthetruthorlie?Reading:whistle-blowingontobaccoWhistle-blowing:how?2.PUBLICLYBLOWTHEWHISTLEcanbeeffectiveWhistle-blowermaybetreatedasaherobymanyOrganizationmayattackthewhistle-blowerItisdifficulttointeractwiththoseoneiscriticizingItmaybedifficulttoworkwiththosewhoholdagrudgeReading:whistle-blowingontobaccoWhistle-blowing:how?3.SECRETLYTHREATENTOBLOWTHEWHISTLECanbeveryeffectiveWhenitworks,organizationisnothurtbybadpublicityDoesnotpermitdialoguebetweenupper&lowermanagersMightpreventinjuredconsumersorclientsfromreceivingremediesReading:whistle-blowingontobaccoVocabularyoverview:DiagnoseLungcancerEnhanceNicotineSueRespectivelyBlewthewhistleAdamantlyExposeDecadeInsiderRevealGetsb.HookedLiterallyTheInsiderManipulateAdditiveammoniaReading:whistle-blowingontobaccoVocabularyoverview:AbsorbCentralnervoussystemInduceConfidentialityagreementNonethelessDumpIntimidationTaintreputationLeakoutHavocFrenzyOffthehookLawsuitRightsomewrongSelf-righteousnessDivorceBecomfortablewithReading:whistle-blowingontobaccoVocabularynotes:adamant:refusingtobepersuadedortochangeone'smindinsider:Onewhohasspecialknowledgeoraccesstoconfidentialinformationhookedonnicotine:addictedtonicotinefix:doseoforexposuretosth.Pleasurableandstimulating.manipulate:controlorinfluencesborsth.Inaningeniousordeviousway.Reading:whistle-blowingontobaccoVocabularynotes:additive:substanceaddedtoimproveorpreservesomethingammonia:氨[NH3.]dump:leaveorabandon(sb)intimidation:anacttopersuadesbtodosth.ordissuadesb.fromdoingsth.byfrighteninghimorhertaint:Tobecomeaffectedwithdecay;spoil.Reading:whistle-blowingontobaccoVocabularynotes:leakout:(ofinformation)becomeknownhavoc:Widespreaddestruction;devastationfrenzy:astateofuncontrolledactivity,anxiety,oremotionsuchasexcitementorrageoffthehook:freedfromdangerorblameorobligationself-righteous:certainthatoneistotallycorrectormorallysuperiorReading:whistle-blowingontobaccoCulturalnotes:JeffreyWigand:(bornDecember171945)isaformervicepresidentofresearchanddevelopmentatBrown&WilliamsoninLouisvilleMikeWallace:(bornMay9,1918)isanAmericanjournalist.WallacehasbeenacorrespondentforCBS'60Minutessinceitsdebutin1968.Reading:whistle-blowingontobaccoCulturalnotes:60Minutes:isanAmericaninvestigativetelevisionnewsmagazine,whichhasrunonCBSNewssince1968MikeWallaceandJeffreyWigandintheinterviewReading:whistle-blowingontobaccoCulturalnotes:Theinsider:isa1999filmthattellsthetruestoryofa60Minutestelevisionseriesexposéofthetobaccoindustry,asseenthroughtheeyesofarealtobaccoexecutive,JeffreyWigandInthefilmRussellCrowe(left)playedthepartofJeffreyWigand(right)Reading:whistle-blowingontobaccoTaskC:(key)CBSfearedthatWigand’semployerwouldsueCBSfor15billiondollarsbecauseitclaimedthatCBSinducedWigandtobreakthestrictConfidentialityAgreementbetweenWigandandhisemployer.Reading:whistle-blowingontobaccoTaskC:(key)Brown&WilliamsonthreatenedtowantJeffreyWigand’sheadandsuedWigandforbreakingtheconfidentialityAgreement.Brown&WilliamsonalsointimidatedCBStodropMikeWallace'sinterviewwithJeffreyWigandin60Minutes.3.JefferyWigandenjoyedbattlingbigtobaccobecausehecandosomethingtohelpothers.Reading:whistle-blowingontobaccoTaskD:(key)getsb.hookedonsth.inducesb.todosth.identifysb.withsth.becomfortablewith…leadsb.todosth.getsb.addictedtosth.befreefromanxietyorstressassociatesb.withsth.Reading:whistle-blowingontobaccoTaskE:WhydoIsmoke?"Itstimulatesme.""Iwantsomethinginmyhand.""Itfeelsgood.""It'sacrutch.""I'mhooked.""It'spartofmyroutine.""Iamasocialsmoker."Reading:whistle-blowingontobaccoSomequickfactsaboutsmokingCigarettesmokinghasbeenidentifiedasthemostimportantsourceofpreventablemorbidityandprematuremortalityintheUnitedStatesandtheworld.Smoking-relateddiseasescauseanestimated440,000Americandeathseachyear.Source:http://www.smoking-facts.net/Reading:whistle-blowingontobaccoSomequickfactsaboutsmokingSmokingcoststheUnitedStatesover$150billionannuallyinhealthcarecosts.A2004StudybytheCDC'sNationalCenterforChronicDiseasePreventionandHealthPromotionfoundthatcigarettesmokecontainsover4,800chemicals,69ofwhichareknowntocausecancer.Womenaccountfor39percentofallsmokingdeaths.Source:http://www.smoking-facts.net/Listening:acodeofethicsTaskB:vocabularyoverview(10.1)BehaveethicallyMultinationalNationalityAssuchHaveresponsibilitiesCodeofethicsMakeacommitmentGoodbehaviourContributetoEthicalbahaviourBeheldaccountableforActonAswellFollowupEthicalstandardDefinethetermApositivethingbackListening:acodeofethicsTaskB:vocabularyoverview(10.1)BehaveethicallyMultinationalNationalityAssuchHaveresponsibilitiesCodeofethicsMakeacommitmentGoodbehaviourContributetoEthicalbahaviourBeheldaccountableforActonAswellFollowupEthicalstandardDefinethetermApositivethingListening:acodeofethicsTheissueofethicsissimple.Ifacompanyputsitscodeofethicsinwriting,itismorelikelytoactonit.Followingupacodeofethicsisdifficult.TaskB:(10.1)1.false2.true3.truekeyListening:acodeofethicsTaskC:(10.1)‘Firstly,itmakesa_____________________tocertaingood________________andsoit’sawayofcommunicatingtheimportanceof__________________________toallofitsemployeesandpartners.’‘Ifyouexpressthesethingsin_____________,especially,thenyoucanbeheld_______________________forthem.’commitmentbehaviourGoodbehaviourwritingaccountableListening:acodeofethicsTaskD:vocabularyoverview(10.2)MoraldilemmasEthicalcodeOfferbribeHotwaterFacilitationpaymentGetinvolvedinTheyarewellplacedtoPayforOutofproportiontonepotismListening:acodeofethicsTaskD:(10.2)Whendoesafacilitation_________________becomea_________?paymentbribeExamples:Shegivesaexampleofafacilitationpayment;Shealsopointsoutthatthesizeofthepaymentisanissue;ShefinallymentionsproblemswithnepotismLanguagereview:narrativetensesTaskA:vocabularyreview(10.3)facecreamLaunchAllergyAkindofHeardaboutReactiontoComplaintsIncredibleGetmorethanabitworriedHarmthecompany’simageRecalledtheproductLostalotofmoneySincethenKeptawayfromSkincareproductsbackLanguagereview:narrativetensese)Theproductwastested.d)Theproductwaslaunched.h)Theproductsoldwell.g)Peoplestartedtocomplain.a)Thenewspaperaskedquestions.f)Thenumberofcomplaintsdoubled.b)Theproductwasrecalled.c)Thecompanylostalotofmoney.TaskA:(10.3)listenandputtheminorderLanguagereview:narrativetensesQuestions:Whatwastheproduct?WhatwastheproblemTaskB:(10.3)listenandputthequestions:Answers:Theproductwasafacecream.Itcausedanallergicreaction.Languagereview:narrativetensesPastsimple:Launched,was,started,heardabout,wanted,whatdidyoudo,whatwastheproblem,doubled,didyoumanaged,gotmorethanabitworried,said,recalled,lost,keptawayPastcontinuous:wasgoingreallywell,wasmakingredmarksPastperfect:we’dtested,there’dbeen,we’dinvestedalotTaskC:(10.3)listenandnotedownexamples:Languagereview:narrativetensesThatremindsmeoftheproblemwe___________withourmilkcarton.We________________itafewmonthsearlierandit____________________popularwithcustomers.People____________________it,____________aboutitand________________________totheirfriendsandsoon.Thenwe______________toanewsupplierwho__________cheaperandwe___________togetlotsofcomplaints.TaskD:completethestory:introducedhadbecomewerebuyingtalkingchangedwasstartedrecommendinghadLanguagereview:narrativetensesPeople______________openthecartonsanymore.Weweresurprisedabouttheproblembecausewe___________onsomeofourworkers.They__________itwasfine.Intheend,we____________togobacktoouroriginalsupplier.We___________reallystupid.Inthemeantime,we_______________alotofcustomers.We__________________verycarefulaboutchoosingsuppliersforpackagingeversince.TaskD:completethestory:couldn’ttestedsaiddecidedhadlosthavebeenlookedSkills:problem-solvingvocabularyreview(10.4)AdrinkproblemRelationswithstaffProfessionalhelpAverbalwarningAseriousmatterTheprosandconsofFromadifferentangleAquietchatwithConsequencesofPersonalproblemsbackSkills:problem-solvingThereareseveralwayswecoulddealwiththis.Let’slookattheprosandcons…Let’slookatthisfromadifferentangle.Itmightbeworth…Let’sthinkabouttheconsequencesof…Thebestwayforwardisto…Sothenextthingtodois…Listenandticktheexpressionsthatyouhear:Casestudy:profitorprincipleElectricalappliancesTurn…roundPersonalassistantoutstandingShoutatSuperracistDiscriminateagainstHatredVocabularyoverviewNegroImpossibledeadlineVerbalabuseAccidentallyRosesharplyMakeaquickprofitCanopenerElectronicallybackCasestudy:profitorprincipleCompanyProductCEOGeneralmanagerReadthebackgroundpartandgivetheinformationLikewireElectricalappliancesNikosTakakisCarlThomsonCasestudy:profitorprinciple1.IsValeriHarper’scomplaintgenuineorisitmotivatedbypersonalresentment?Itcannotbedecidedatthemoment.2.Ifitisresentment,whatisthecause?Possiblyitiscausedbytoomuchworkload/sexualharassment/payriserequestbeingrejected/differentcharacters/differentworkingStyles/loveaffair…Readtheproblempartandanswerthefollowingquestions:Casestudy:profitorprinciple3.IsitpossiblethatCarlhasbeendiscriminatingher?HowcanNikosTakakisfindout?It’spossibleforawhitemanagertodiscriminateablackpersonalassistant.NikosTakakiscantalktootherblackstafftolearnthetruth.4.Whichofthesetwopeopleismoreimportanttothecompany?Karlisdefinitelymoreimportanttothecompany.ItishewhohasturnedLiverwireround.Readtheproblempartandanswerthefollowingquestions:Casestudy:profitorprinciple3.Whatshouldtheethicalmanagerdo?WhatproblemsmighttherebeinthefutureifthissituationisnotdealtwithTheethicalmanagershouldconsidertransferringtheassistanttoanotherdepartment.IfValerieHarper’scomplaintsweretrue,itwouldbeunfairforhertogoonworkingwithKarl.Inthelongrun,itmightunderminethecompany’sbusiness.Readtheproblempartandanswerthefollowingquestions:Casestudy:profitorprinciple?1.WhoisMonicaKaminsky?SheisthedesignmanagerofRochesterElectronics.2.IsRochesterElectronicsasubsidiaryofLivewire?No,itislivewire’smaincompetitor.3.WhatdoesBobDexterreallywanttosay?Hewantstosaythattheremightbesomethinggoingonbetweenthem.Listenandanswerthesequestions:Casestudy:profitorprinciple?1.WhatdoesNikosTakakisfindoutthatevening?CarlgaveafriendconfidentialinformationaboutLivewire–thatthecompany’sannualresultsweregoingtobeexcellent–andadvisedthefriendtobuyshares.Heorshedidsoandmadeaquickprofit.MorecomprehensionquestionsCasestudy:profitorprinciple?2.Whyisthisaproblem?Insidertrading–abuseofconfidentialinformationinsharetrading–isconsideredtobeunethicalinmanycoutries,andinanumberofthemincludingAustralia,isillegal.MorecomprehensionquestionsCasestudy:profitorprinciple?3.WhatistheDC01?AnelectriccanopenerwhichisindevelopmentatLivewire.4.WhatdidJoanKnightdiscover?RochesterElectronicshavebroughtoutacanopenerwhichisverysimilartotheDC01,beatingLivewiretothemarket.MorecomprehensionquestionsCasestudy:profitorprinciple?5.WhatdoesthishavetodowithCarl?CarlisknowntobeclosetoMonicaKaminskyofRochesterElectronics,andbobDexterhashintedthatheispassingherinformation.MorecomprehensionquestionsCasestudy:profitorprinciple?Speakingtaskonpage85;Writingtaskonpage85.Tasks:Theend