OLearyCECompleteCommunicationsandNetworksChapter9CommunicationsandNetworksCompetencies(Page1of2)Discussconnectivity,thewirelessrevolution,andcommunicationsystemsDescribephysicalandwirelesscommunicationschannelsDiscussconnectiondevices,includingmodems,T1,DSL,cablemodem,satellite,andcellularconnections...
Chapter9CommunicationsandNetworksCompetencies(Page1of2)Discussconnectivity,thewirelessrevolution,andcommunicationsystemsDescribephysicalandwirelesscommunicationschannelsDiscussconnectiondevices,includingmodems,T1,DSL,cablemodem,satellite,andcellularconnectionsDescribedatatransmissionfactors,includingbandwidthsandprotocolsPage246Competencies(Page2of2)Discussnetworksandkeynetworkterminologies.Describedifferenttypesofnetworks,includinglocalarea,metropolitanarea,andwideareanetworks.Describenetworkarchitectures,includingconfigurationsandstrategies.DescribeorganizationalusesofInternettechnologies,includingintranets,extranets,andfirewalls.Page246IntroductionCellphonesandotherwirelesstechnologiesareallowingustostayconnectedintoday’sworldlikeneverbefore.Increasedconnectivitypotentiallymeansincreasedproductivityespeciallyinthebusinessworld.Youwilllearnmoreabouttheconceptofconnectivityandtheimpactofthewirelessrevolutioninthischapter.Page247CommunicationsTheprocessofsharingdata,programs,andinformationbetweentwoormorecomputersPage248CommunicationsTodayNumerousapplicationsdependoncommunicationsystems—E-mail,Instantmessaging(IM),Internettelephone,andElectroniccommerceConnectivityusescomputernetworkstolinkpeopleandresourcesGoingwirelesshasbeenthemostdramaticchangePage248CommunicationSystemsFourbasicelementsSendingandreceivingdevicesCommunicationchannelConnectiondevicesDatatransmissionspecificationsPage249CommunicationChannelsChannelscarrydatafromonecomputertoanotherTwocategoriesofcommunicationchannelsPhysicalconnectionWirelessconnectionPage250PhysicalConnectionsTelephonelines(Twistedpaircables)CoaxialcableFiber-opticcablePage250ReturnWirelessConnectionsInfraredBroadcastradioWi-FI(wirelessfidelity)802.11MicrowaveStationsBluetoothSatelliteGPSPage252MicrowavedishGPSSatelliteCommunicationChannelsSummaryPage253ConnectionDeviceSignalsTypesofsignalsAnalogDigitalPage253ConnectionDeviceTypesandTransferSpeedsTypesofmodemsExternalInternalPCCardWirelessPage253TransferSpeedsConnectionServiceDial-UpservicesLeasedlines–T1,T2,T3andT4Digitalsubscriberline(DSL)UsesexistingphonelinesOnetypewidelyusedisADSLCablemodemsUsesexistingTVcableProvidesspeedsasfastasDSLatalowercostSatellite/airconnectionservicesSeventimesfasterthandial-upSlowerthanDSL&cablemodemCellularServicesAlternativeformobiledevicesandlaptopsCurrentserviceareaslimitedPage254TypicalUserConnectionCosts&SpeedsPage255BandwidthMeasurementofthecapacityofthechannelCategoriesVoicebandalsoknownaslowbandwidthMediumbandBroadbandUsedforhighcapacitytransmissionUsedbyDSL,cable,andsatellitePage255ProtocolsSetofcommunicationrulesStandardforInternet:TCP/IP(Transmissioncontrolprotocol/Internetprotocol)IdentificationReformattingPage256NetworksAcomputernetworkisacommunicationsystemConnectstwoormorecomputersAllowsinformationexchangePage257ComputerNetworksCommonnetworktermsNodeClientServerHubNetworkinterfacecards(NIC)Networkoperatingsystem(NOS)DistributedprocessingHostcomputerNetworkadministratorPage257ComputerNetworksConnectComputersNetworkTypesLocalareanetworksHomenetworksWLANMetropolitanareanetworksWideareanetworksPage259LANNetworkArchitectureArchitecturedescribeshowanetworkisarrangedArrangementiscalledtopologyTypesofnetworktopologyStarBusRingHierarchicalPage261StarNetworkSmallercomputerslinkedtoacentralunitCentralunitiscalledthenetworkhubControlismaintainedbypollingPage251ReturnBusNetworkEachdevicehandlesitsowncommunicationcontrolThereisnohostcomputerHasacommonconnectingcablecalledabackbonePage264ReturnRingNetworkEachdeviceisconnectedtotwootherdevicesNocentralfileserverorcomputerUsefulinadecentralizedenvironmentPage264ReturnHierarchicalNetworkSeveralcomputerslinkedtoacentralhostComputersarehoststoothercomputersUsefulincentralizedorganizationsPage264PrincipalNetworkConfigurationsPage265StrategiesStrategyisawayofcoordinatingthesharingofinformationandresourcesCommonnetworkstrategiesTerminalClient/serverPeer-to-peerPage255OrganizationalInternetsIntranetsPrivatenetworkwithinanorganizationProvidesinformationtoemployeesExtranetsPrivatenetworkthatconnectsorganizationsUsedtoallowsuppliersandothersaccessFirewallsSecuritysystemProtectsagainstexternalthreatsPage268CareersInITNetworkAdministratorManageacompany’sLANandWANnetworksMaintainhardwareandsoftwareDiagnoseandrepairproblemsCandidatesusuallyhaveabachelor’sdegreeincomputerscienceandpracticalexperienceAnnualsalaryistypicallybetween$43,000and$68,000Page270ALooktotheFutureCarsthatMonitorandRespondPodcar(PersonalizationonDemand)PredictsandrespondsDesignedtolearnandadapttoanindividual'sdrivingneedsandhabitsPage271DiscussionQuestions(1of2)Defineanddiscussconnectivity,thewirelessrevolution,andcommunications.Identifyanddescribethevariousphysicalandwirelesscommunicationchannels.IdentifythestandardInternetprotocolanddiscussitsessentialfeatures.Page278DiscussionQuestions(2of2)Defineanddiscussthefourprincipalnetworktopologies.Defineanddiscussthethreemostcommonnetworkstrategies.Page278
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