ASTM A29 A29M-05-热锻及冷加工碳素钢和合金钢棒

Designation: A 29/A 29M – 05 Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought, General Requirements for1 This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 29/A 29M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense. 1. Scope* 1.1 This specification2 covers a group of common require- ments which, unless otherwise specified in the purchase order or in an individual specification, shall apply to carbon and alloy steel bars under each of the following ASTM specifications (or under any other ASTM specification which invokes this specification or portions thereof): Title of Specification ASTM DesignationA Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel Bars: Steel Bars, Carbon, Quenched and Tempered A 321 Steel Bars and Shapes, Carbon Rolled from “T’’ Rails A 499 Steel Bars, Carbon, Merchant Quality, M-Grades A 575 Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality A 576 Steel Bars, Carbon, Merchant Quality, Mechanical Properties A 663/A 663M Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality, Me- chanical Properties A 675/A 675M Steel Bars for Springs, Carbon and Alloy A 689 Cold-Finished Carbon Steel Bars: Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-Finished A 108 Cold-Drawn Stress-Relieved Carbon Steel Bars Sub- ject to Mechanical Property Requirements A 311/A 311M Hot-Rolled Alloy Steel Bars: Steel Bars, Alloy, Standard Grades A 322 Carbon and Alloy Steel Bars Subject to End-Quench Hardenability Requirements A 304 Steel Bars, Alloy, Hot-Wrought or Cold-Finished, Quenched and Tempered A 434 Steel Bars, Alloy, Hot-Wrought, for Elevated Tempera- ture or Pressure-Containing Parts, or Both A 739 Cold-Finished Alloy Steel Bars: Steel Bars, Alloy, Hot-Rolled or Cold-Finished, Quenched and Tempered A 434 Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought or Cold-Finished, Special Quality, for Pressure Piping Components A 696 A These designations refer to the latest issue of the respective specifications, which appear either in the Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05, or as reprints obtainable from ASTM. 1.2 In case of any conflict in requirements, the requirements of the purchase order, the individual material specification, and this general specification shall prevail in the sequence named. 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used inde- pendently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. 1.4 For purposes of determining conformance to this speci- fication and the various material specifications referenced in 1.1, dimensional values shall be rounded to the nearest unit in the right-hand place of figures used in expressing the limiting values in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E 29. NOTE 1—Specification A 29 previously listed dimensional tolerances for cold-finished bars; these are now found in Specification A 108. 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: 3 A 108 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-Finished A 304 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Bars Sub- ject to End-Quench Hardenability Requirements A 311/A 311M Specification for Cold-Drawn, Stress- Relieved Carbon Steel Bars Subject to Mechanical Prop- erty Requirements A 321 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Quenched and Tempered A 322 Specification for Steel Bars, Alloy, Standard Grades A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products A 434 Specification for Steel Bars, Alloy, Hot-Wrought or Cold-Finished, Quenched and Tempered A 499 Specification for Steel Bars and Shapes, Carbon Rolled from “T” Rails A 575 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Merchant Qual- ity, M-Grades A 576 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.15 on Bars. Current edition approved May 1, 2005. Published May 2005. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A 29/A 29M–04e1. 2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- cation SA-29/SA-29M in Section II of that Code. 3 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website. 1 *A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard. Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States. A 663/A 663M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Mer- chant Quality, Mechanical Properties A 675/A 675M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot- Wrought, Special Quality, Mechanical Properties A 689 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Bars for Springs A 696 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought or Cold-Finished, Special Quality for Pressure Piping Com- ponents A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment A 739 Specification for Steel Bars, Alloy, Hot-Wrought, for Elevated Temperature or Pressure-Containing Parts, or Both A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications E 112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size 2.2 Federal Standards:4 Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies) Fed. Std. No. 183 Continuous Identification Marking of Iron and Steel Products 2.3 Military Standard:4 MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products—Preparation for Ship- ment and Storage 2.4 Other Standards: AIAG B-1 Bar Code Symbology Standard for 3-of-9 Bar Codes5 AIAG B-5 02.00 Primary Metals Tag Application Standard5 3. Terminology 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 3.1.1 Hot-Wrought Steel Bars—Steel bars produced by hot forming ingots, blooms, billets, or other semifinished forms to yield straight lengths (or coils, depending upon size, section, and mill equipment) in sections that are uniform throughout their length, and in the following sections and sizes: 3.1.1.1 Rounds, 7⁄32 to 10.0 in. [5.5 to 250 mm], inclusive, 3.1.1.2 Squares, 7⁄32 to 6.0 in. [6 to 160 mm], inclusive, 3.1.1.3 Round-Cornered Squares, 7⁄32 to 8.0 in. [6 to 200 mm], inclusive, 3.1.1.4 Flats, 1⁄4 to 8 in. inclusive, in width: 13⁄64 in. in minimum thickness up to 6 in. in width; and 0.230 in. in minimum thickness for over 6 to 8 in. in width, inclusive [over 5 mm in thickness up to 150 mm in width; and over 6 mm in thickness for over 150 mm through 200 mm in width]. Maximum thickness for all widths is 4 in. [100 mm]. 3.1.1.5 Hexagons and Octagons, 1⁄4 to 41⁄16 in. [6 to 103 mm], inclusive, between parallel surfaces, 3.1.1.6 Bar Size Shapes—Angles, channels, tees, zees, when their greatest cross-sectional dimension is under 3 in. [75 mm], and 3.1.1.7 Special Bar Sections—Half-rounds, ovals, half- ovals, other special bar size sections. 3.1.2 Cold-Finished Steel Bars—Steel bars produced by cold finishing previously hot-wrought bars by means of cold drawing, cold forming, turning, grinding, or polishing (singly or in combination) to yield straight lengths or coils in sections that are uniform throughout their length and in the following sections and sizes: 3.1.2.1 Rounds, 9 in. [230 mm] and under in diameter, 3.1.2.2 Squares, 6 in. [150 mm] and under between parallel surfaces, 3.1.2.3 Hexagons, 4 in. [100 mm] and under between parallel surfaces, 3.1.2.4 Flats, 1⁄8 in. [3 mm] and over in thickness and not over 12 in. [300 mm] in width, and 3.1.2.5 Special Bar Sections. 3.1.3 Lot—Unless otherwise specified in the contract or order, a lot shall consist of all bars submitted for inspection at the same time of the same heat, condition, finish, size, or shape. For bars specified in the quenched and tempered condition, when heat treated in batch-type furnaces, a lot shall consist of all bars from the same heat, of the same prior condition, the same size, and subjected to the same heat treatment in one tempering charge. For bars specified in the quenched and tempered condition, when heat treated without interruption in a continuous-type furnace, a lot shall consist of all bars from the same heat, of the same prior condition, of the same size, and subjected to the same heat treatment. 4. Chemical Composition 4.1 Limits: 4.1.1 The chemical composition shall conform to the re- quirements specified in the purchase order or the individual product specifications. For convenience the grades commonly specified for carbon steel bars are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Bars may be ordered to these grade designations and when so ordered shall conform to the specified limits by heat analysis. 4.1.2 When compositions other than those shown in Tables 1 and 2 are required, the composition limits shall be prepared using the ranges and limits shown in Table 3 for carbon steel and Table 4 for alloy steel. 4.2 Heat or Cast Analysis: 4.2.1 The chemical composition of each heat or cast shall be determined by the manufacturer in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751. 4.2.2 The heat or cast analysis shall conform to the require- ments specified in the product specification or purchase order. These can be the heat chemical range and limit for a grade designated in Tables 1 and 2, or another range and limit in accordance with 4.1.2, or with requirements of the product specification. NOTE 2—Heat analysis for lead is not determinable since lead is added to the ladle stream while each ingot is poured. When specified as an added element to a standard steel, the percentage of lead is reported as 0.15 to 0.35 incl, which is the range commonly specified for this element. 4 Copies of military specifications, military standards, and federal standards required by contractors in connection with specific procurement functions should be obtained from the procuring activity or as directed by the contracting officer, or from the Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS. 5 Available from Automotive Industry Action Group, North Park Plaza, Ste. 830, 17117 W. Nine Mile Rd., Southfield, MI 48075. A 29/A 29M – 05 2 TABLE 1 Grade Designations and Chemical Compositions of Carbon Steel Bars Grade Designation Heat Chemical Ranges and Limits, % Carbon Manganese Phosphorus, max Sulfur, maxA Nonresulfurized Carbon SteelsB,C,D,E,F 1005 0.06 max 0.35 max 0.040 0.050 1006 0.08 max 0.25–0.40 0.040 0.050 1008 0.10 max 0.30–0.50 0.040 0.050 1010 0.08–0.13 0.30–0.60 0.040 0.050 1011 0.08–0.13 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1012 0.10–0.15 0.30–0.60 0.040 0.050 1013 0.11–0.16 0.50–0.80 0.040 0.050 1015 0.13–0.18 0.30–0.60 0.040 0.050 1016 0.13–0.18 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1017 0.15–0.20 0.30–0.60 0.040 0.050 1018 0.15–0.20 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1019 0.15–0.20 0.70–1.00 0.040 0.050 1020 0.18–0.23 0.30–0.60 0.040 0.050 1021 0.18–0.23 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1022 0.18–0.23 0.70–1.00 0.040 0.050 1023 0.20–0.25 0.30–0.60 0.040 0.050 1025 0.22–0.28 0.30–0.60 0.040 0.050 1026 0.22–0.28 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1029 0.25–0.31 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1030 0.28–0.34 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1034 0.32–0.38 0.50–0.80 0.040 0.050 1035 0.32–0.38 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1037 0.32–0.38 0.70–1.00 0.040 0.050 1038 0.35–0.42 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1039 0.37–0.44 0.70–1.00 0.040 0.050 1040 0.37–0.44 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1042 0.40–0.47 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1043 0.40–0.47 0.70–1.00 0.040 0.050 1044 0.43–0.50 0.30–0.60 0.040 0.050 1045 0.43–0.50 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1046 0.43–0.50 0.70–1.00 0.040 0.050 1049 0.46–0.53 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1050 0.48–0.55 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1053 0.48–0.55 0.70–1.00 0.040 0.050 1055 0.50–0.60 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1059 0.55–0.65 0.50–0.80 0.040 0.050 1060 0.55–0.65 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1064 0.60–0.70 0.50–0.80 0.040 0.050 1065 0.60–0.70 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1069 0.65–0.75 0.40–0.70 0.040 0.050 1070 0.65–0.75 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1071 0.65–0.70 0.75–1.05 0.040 0.050 1074 0.70–0.80 0.50–0.80 0.040 0.050 1075 0.70–0.80 0.40–0.70 0.040 0.050 1078 0.72–0.85 0.30–0.60 0.040 0.050 1080 0.75–0.88 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1084 0.80–0.93 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1086 0.80–0.93 0.30–0.50 0.040 0.050 1090 0.85–0.98 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.050 1095 0.90–1.03 0.30–0.50 0.040 0.050 Resulfurized Carbon SteelsB,D,F 1108 0.08–0.13 0.60–0.80 0.040 0.08–0.13 1109 0.08–0.13 0.60–0.90 0.040 0.08–0.13 1110 0.08–0.13 0.30–0.60 0.040 0.08–0.13 1116 0.14–0.20 1.10–1.40 0.040 0.16–0.23 1117 0.14–0.20 1.00–1.30 0.040 0.08–0.13 1118 0.14–0.20 1.30–1.60 0.040 0.08–0.13 1119 0.14–0.20 1.00–1.30 0.040 0.24–0.33 1132 0.27–0.34 1.35–1.65 0.040 0.08–0.13 1137 0.32–0.39 1.35–1.65 0.040 0.08–0.13 1139 0.35–0.43 1.35–1.65 0.040 0.13–0.20 1140 0.37–0.44 0.70–1.00 0.040 0.08–0.13 1141 0.37–0.45 1.35–1.65 0.040 0.08–0.13 1144 0.40–0.48 1.35–1.65 0.040 0.24–0.33 1145 0.42–0.49 0.70–1.00 0.040 0.04–0.07 1146 0.42–0.49 0.70–1.00 0.040 0.08–0.13 1151 0.48–0.55 0.70–1.00 0.040 0.08–0.13 A 29/A 29M – 05 3 4.2.3 If requested or required, the heat analysis shall be reported to the purchaser or his representative. 4.2.4 Reporting of significant figures and rounding shall be in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751. 4.3 Product Analysis: 4.3.1 Merchant quality carbon bar steel is not subject to rejection for product analysis unless misapplication of a heat is clearly indicated. 4.3.2 Analyses may be made by the purchaser from finished bars other than merchant quality representing each heat of open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace steel. The chemical composition thus determined shall not vary from the limits specified in the applicable specification by more than the amounts prescribed in Table 5 and Table 6, but the several determinations of any element, excluding lead, in a heat may not vary both above and below the specified range. Rimmed or capped steel is characterized by a lack of homogeneity in its composition, especially for the elements carbon, phosphorus, and sulfur; therefore, when rimmed or capped steel is specified or required, the limitations for these elements shall not be applicable. Because of the degree to which phosphorus and sulfur segregate, the limitations for these elements shall not be applicable to rephosphorized or resulfurized steels. 4.3.3 Samples for product analysis shall be taken by one of the following methods: 4.3.3.1 Applicable to small sections whose cross-sectional area does not exceed 0.75 in.2 [500 mm2] such as rounds, Rephosphorized and Resulfurized Carbon SteelsD,F Grade Designation Carbon Manganese Phosphorous Sulfur Lead 1211 0.13 max 0.60–0.90 0.07–0.12 0.10–0.15 ... 1212 0.13 max 0.70–1.00 0.07–0.12 0.16–0.23 ... 1213 0.13 max 0.70–1.00 0.07–0.12 0.24–0.33 ... 1215 0.09 max 0.75–1.05 0.04–0.09 0.26–0.35 ... 12L13 0.13 max 0.70–1.00 0.07–0.12 0.24–0.33 0.15–0.35 12L14 0.15 max 0.85–1.15 0.04–0.09 0.26–0.35 0.15–0.35 12L15 0.09 max 0.75–1.05 0.04–0.09 0.26–0.35 0.15–0.35 High-Manganese Carbon SteelsB,C,D,E,F Grade Designation Former Designation Carbon Manganese Phosphorous, max Sulfur, max 1513 ... 0.10–0.16 1.10–1.40 0.040 0.050 1518 ... 0.15–0.21 1.10–1.40 0.040 0.050 1522 ... 0.18–0.24 1.10–1.40 0.040 0.050 1524 1024 0.19–0.25 1.35–1.65 0.040 0.050 1525 ... 0.23–0.29 0.80–1.10 0.040 0.050 1526 ... 0.22–0.29 1.10–1.40 0.040 0.050 1527 1027 0.22–0.29 1.20–1.50 0.040 0.050 1536 1036 0.30–0.37 1.20–1.50 0.040 0.050 1541 1041 0.36–0.44 1.35–1.65 0.040 0.050 1547 ... 0.43–0.51 1.35–1.65 0.040 0.050 1548 1048 0.44–0.52 1.10–1.40 0.040 0.050 1551 1051 0.45–0.56 0.85–1.15 0.040 0.050 1552 1052 0.47–0.55 1.20–1.50 0.040 0.050 1561 1061 0.55–0.65 0.75–1.05 0.040 0.050 1566 1066 0.60–0.71 0.85–1.15 0.040 0.050 1572 1072 0.65–0.76 1.00–1.30 0.040 0.050 Heat Chemical Ranges and Limits, percent Merchant Quality M Series Carbon Steel Bars Grade Designation Carbon ManganeseG Phosphorous, max Sulfur, max M 1008 0.10 max 0.25–0.60 0.04 0.05 M 1010 0.07–0.14 0.25–0.60 0.04 0.05 M 1012 0.09–0.16 0.25–0.60 0.04 0.05 M 1015 0.12–0.19 0.25–0.60 0.04 0.05 M 1017 0.14–0.21 0.25–0.60 0.04 0.05 M 1020 0.17–0.24 0.25–0.60 0.04 0.05 M 1023 0.19–0.27 0.25–0.60 0.04 0.05 M 1025 0.20–0.30 0.25–0.60 0.04 0.05 M 1031 0.26–0.36 0.25–0.60 0.04 0.05 M 1044 0.40–0.50 0.25–0.60 0.04 0.05 A Maximum unless otherwise indicated. B When silicon is required, the following ranges and limits are commonly specified: 0.10 %, max, 0.10 % to 0.20 %, 0.15 % to 0.35 %, 0.20 % to 0.40 %, or 0.30 % to 0.60 %. C Copper can be specified when required as 0.20 % minimum. D When lead is required as an added element to a standard steel, a range of 0.15 to 0.35 % inclusive is specified. Such a steel is identified by inserting the letter “L” between the second and third numerals of the grade designation, for example, 10 L 45. A cast or heat analysis is not determinable when lead is added to the ladle stream. E When boron treatment for killed steels is specified, the steels can be expected to contain 0.0005 to 0.003 % boron. If the usual titanium additive is not permitted, the steels can be expected to contain up to 0.005 % boron. F The elements bismuth, calcium, selenium, or tellurium may be added as agreed upon between purchaser and supplier. G Unless prohibited by the purchaser, the manganese content may exceed 0.60 % on heat analysis to a maximum of 0.75 %, provided the carbon range on heat analysis has the minimum and maximum reduced by 0.01 % for each 0.05 % manganese over 0.60 %. A 29/A 29M – 05 4 TABLE 2 Grade Designations and Chemical Compositions of Alloy Steel Bars NOTE 1—Small quantities of certain elements are present in alloy steels, which are not specified or required. These elements are considered as incidental and may be present to the following maximum amounts: copper, 0.35 %; nickel, 0.25 %; chromium, 0.20 % and molybdenum, 0.06 %. NOTE 2—Where minimum and maximum sulfur content is shown it is indicative of resulfurized steel. NOTE 3—The chemical ranges and limits shown in Table 2 are produced to product analysis tolerances shown in Table 6. NOTE 4—Standard alloy steels can be produced with a lead range of 0.15–0.35 %. Such steels are identified by inserting the letter “L” between the second and third numerals of the AISI number, for example, 41 L 40. A cast or heat analysis is not determinable when lead is added to the ladle stream. Grade Designation Heat Chemical Ranges and Limits, % Carbon Manganese Phosphorus, max Sulfur, max SiliconA Nickel Chromium Molybdenum 1330 0.28–0.33 1.60–1.90 0.035 0.040 0.15 to 0.35 ... ... ... 1335 0.33–0.38 1.60–1.90 0.035 0.040 0.15 to 0.35 ... ... ... 1340 0.38–0.43 1.60–1.90 0.035 0.040 0.15 to 0.35 ... ... ... 1345 0.43–0.48 1.60–1.90 0.035 0.040 0.15 to 0.35 4012 0.09–0.14 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15 to 0.35 ... ... 0.15–0.25 4023 0.20–0.25 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15 to 0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30 4024 0.20–0.25 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.035–0.050 0.15 to 0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30 4027 0.25–0.30 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15 to 0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30 4028 0.25–0.30 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.035–0.050 0.15 to 0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30 4032 0.30–0.35 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15 to 0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30 4037 0.35–0.40 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15 to 0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30 4042 0.40–0.45 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15 to 0.35 ... ... 0.