电子类专业英语电子教案第十五课

null15 Multimedia15 Multimedia学习重点： （1）掌握有关多媒体的基本单词、词组和缩略语的基本含义及用法 （2）培养阅读翻译有关多媒体的科技文献和产品说明书的能力 （3）学习并掌握英文 简历 个人简历下载免费下载简历模版总经理简历下载资料员简历下载资料员简历下载 的基本内容和格式 null生词 animation [ .æni'meiʃən ] n.卡通制作 audiovisual [ 'ɔ:diəu'vizjuəl ] n. 音像的；视听的 console [ kən'səul ] n. 控制台；操纵台 Passage A Multimedia and IP Multimedia Subsystemnullencyclopedia [ en.saikləu'pi:diə ] n. 百科全书 ethernet [ 'i:θənet ] n.  以太网 gateway [ 'geitwei ] n. 门；通路；关口 hypermedia [ 'haipəmi:diə ] n. 超媒体 navigation [ .nævi'geiʃən ] n. 航行, 航海 pace [ peis ] n. 步调；步法 v. 踱步；缓慢的走 paradigm [ 'pærədaim, -dim ] n. 例；模范 portfolio [ pɔ:t'fəuljəu ] n. 文件夹；证券投资组合 preference [ 'prefərəns ] n. 偏爱；优先；喜爱物 profile [ 'prəufail ] n. 侧面；轮廓；概要；人物简介v. 描绘...轮廓 proxies [ 'prɔksi ] n. 代理；代理人；取代物 roam [ rəum ] v. 漫游, 闲逛 workload [ 'wə:kləud ] n. 工作量2. 课文翻译讲解2. 课文翻译讲解 Multimedia is media that uses multiple forms of information content and information processing, including the use of text, audio, graphics, animation and full-motion video. Multimedia programs are typically games, encyclopedias and training courses on CD-ROM or DVD. However, any application with sound and/or video can be called a multimedia program. 翻译：多媒体是使用多种形式的信息内容和信息处理的一种媒体，包括文字、声音、 图形、动画和全运动视频的使用。在CD-ROM 或 DVD上的多媒体节目主要是游戏、 百科全书和培训课程。然而，任何具有声音和/或录像的应用程序都可以称作是一个 多媒体节目。null The most common multimedia machine consists of a personal computer with a sound card, modem, digital speaker unit, and CD-ROM. Interactive multimedia systems under commercial development include cable television services with computer interfaces that enable viewers to interact with TV programs, and high-speed interactive audiovisual communications systems, which include video game consoles and virtual reality systems. 翻译：最常见的多媒体机是由一台集成了音卡、调制解调器、数字扬声器和 CD-ROM的个人电脑组成。根据商业发展，交互式多媒体系统包括具有计算机接 口的有线电视服务，此接口能让观众与电视节目以及高速互动视听通讯系统互动 ，该视听系统包括视频游戏控制台和虚拟的现实系统。 nullThe video game consoles rely on digital data from fibre-optic lines or digitized wireless transmission, and the virtual reality systems can create small-scale artificial sensory environments. Multimedia may be broadly divided into linear and non-linear categories. Linear active content progresses without any navigation control for the viewer, such as a cinema presentation. Non-linear content, also known as hypermedia content, offers user interactivity to control progress as used with a computer game or used in self-paced computer based training. 翻译：视频游戏控制台有赖于数字数据，这些数字数据来自光纤电缆或数字化无线 传输系统，而虚拟的现实系统能营造小规模的人工感官环境。 多媒体大致可分为线性和非线性两类。线性活动内容的进行不对观看者进行任 何导播控制，如电影的播放。非线式的内容，也被称为超媒体内容，为用户提供交 互性的进程控制，如电脑游戏或自定进度的以电脑为基础的训练。 nullMultimedia presentations can be live or recorded. A recorded presentation may allow interactivity via a navigation system and a live multimedia presentation may allow interactivity via interaction with the presenter or performer. Multimedia presentations may be viewed in person on stage, projected, transmitted, or played locally with a media player. A broadcast may be a live or recorded multimedia presentation. 翻译：多媒体节目可以是实况播放或录影节目。节目的录制可能以通过一个导播 系统与观众互动，而现场直播的多媒体节目可通过直接交流与主持人或演员进行 互动。在舞台观看的多媒体节目可以在本地用一个媒体播放器放映、发送或播放 。广播也可是现场直播或录制的多媒体节目。 nullBroadcasts and recordings can be either analog or digital electronic media technology. Digital online multimedia can be downloaded or streamed. Streaming multimedia can be live or on-demand. Multimedia games and simulations may be used in a physical environment with special effects, with multiple users in an online network, or locally with an offline computer, game system, or simulator. 翻译：广播和录音可以是模拟或数字电子媒体技术。数码在线多媒体节目可以网上 下载 课程表模板下载资产负债表下载英语单词下载学习机资料下载励志文章下载 或分流。流媒体可现场或视频点播。多媒体游戏和仿真可以在物理环境中使用 ，这些物理环境可能具有某种特效、多个用户共享同一网络资源或一台离线电脑、 游戏系统或仿真器。null IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) will have a colossal impact on the telecommunication industry, both wired and wireless in the coming years. Hypermedia can be considered one particular multimedia application. IMS is an architectural framework for delivering internet protocol (IP) multimedia to mobile users, and an integrated network of telecommunication carriers that can facilitate the use of IP (Internet Protocol) for packet communications in all known forms over wireless or landline. 翻译：未来数年，IP多媒体子系统将在有线和无线电信业中产生巨大的影响。超媒体 可被视为一个特殊的多媒体应用。 IP多媒体子系统（ IMS ）是一用个将互联网协议（IP）多媒体传送给移动用户 的结构框架，它是电信载体的一个综合性网络，可以方便利用IP （互联网协议）以各 种已知的无线或有线方式进行分组通信。 nullExamples of such communications include traditional Telephony, fax, e-mail, Internet access, Web services, Voice over IP (VoIP), instant messaging (IM), videoconference sessions and video on-demand (VoD). IMS fills the gap between the two most successful communication paradigms, cellular and Internet technology. 翻译：这类通信系统包括：传统的电话、传真、电子邮件、互联网接入、Web服务、 IP语音电话（ VoIP ）、即时消息（ IM ）、视频会议和视频点播（ VOD ） 。IMS 填补了通信的两个最成功的典范，即移动电话和 Internet 技术，之间的空白。nullAlthough it was originally designed by the wireless standards body for 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), and is part of the vision for evolving mobile networks beyond GSM, its use will be far more widespread as fixed line providers are also being forced to find ways of integrating mobile or mobile associated technologies into their portfolios. 翻译：虽然它最初是第三代合作伙伴项目（ 3 GPP ），由无线 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 组织设计，且用 于改进移动网络的可视部分超过了GSM，但随着固定线路提供商在不断寻找其它途 径整合手机，或将移动相关技术纳入到他们的组合投资中，它的使用将更为广泛。 null As a result the use of IMS will be cross the frontiers of mobile, wireless and fixed line technologies，thus IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) will be the "next big thing" in the Telecom industry. IMS itself is not a technology, but rather it is an architecture based on Internet standards and its architecture can be divided into three layers that is Device Layer, Transport Layer, and Control Layer, and plus the service layer on the top, schematically diagramed in Figure 15-1 and described respectively as following:翻译：结果是IMS的使用将跨越移动、无线和固定线路技术的界限，并将是电信 行业的下一个亮点。 IMS的本身并不是一种技术，而是一个基于Internet标准的体系结构，此体系 结构可分为三层，即设备层、传输层和控制层，以及在上面的服务层，如图15-1 所示，并描述如下： null Fig.15-1 IMS architecturenull(1) Device Layer: The IMS architecture provides a variety of choices for users to choose end-point devices. The IMS devices such as computers, mobile phones, PDAs, and digital phones are able to connect to the IMS infrastructure via the network. Other types of devices, such as traditional analog telephone phones are able to establish the connection with these devices via a PSTN gateway, although they are not able to connect to an IP network directly. 翻译：（1）设备层：IMS 体系结构提供了各种选择，供用户选择端点设备。IMS 设备可以通过网络将计算机、手机、PDA 和数字电话等连接到 IMS 基础设施。其 他类型的设备（如传统模拟电话）尽管不能直接连接到 IP 网络，但能够通过 PSTN 网关与这些设备建立连接。 null(2) Transport Layer: The transport layer is responsible for initiating and terminating SIP (Session Initiated Protocol) sessions and providing the conversion of data transmitted between analog/digital formats and an IP packet format. IMS devices connect to the IP network in the transport layer via a variety of transmission media, including WiFi (a wireless local area networks technology), DSL, Cable, SIP, GPRS (General Packet Radio Service is a mobile data service), and WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, a type of 3G cellular network). 翻译：2）传输层：传输层负责发起和终止 SIP 会话，并提供所传输的数据在模拟/ 数字格式和 IP 数据包格式之间的转换。IMS 设备通过各种传输媒体连接到传输层中 的 IP 网络，此类传输媒体包括 WiFi（一种无线局域网技术）、DSL、光纤、SIP （会话启动协议）、GPRS（通用分组无线业务——General Packet Radio Service，一种3 G移动数据服务）和 WCDMA（宽带码分多址——Wideband Code Division Multiple Access，一种移动网络）。nullIn addition, the transport layer allows IMS devices to make and receive calls to and from the PSTN network or other circuit-switched networks via the PSTN gateway. (3) Control Layer: The Call Session Control Function (CSCF), which is a general name that refers to SIP (Session Initiated Protocol) servers or proxies, is one of the core elements in the control layer. 翻译：此外，传输层允许 IMS 设备通过 PSTN 网关呼叫 PSTN 网络或其他电路交换 网络和接收来自这些网络的呼叫。 （3）控制层：呼叫会话控制功能（Call Session Control Function，CSCF）是 控制层中的核心组成部分之一，这里所谓呼叫会话控制功能是指SIP 服务器或代理的 统称。nullCSCF handles SIP registration of the end points and process SIP signal messaging of the appropriate application server in the service layer. Another element in the control layer is the Home Subscriber Server (HSS) database that stores the unique service profile for each end user. 翻译：CSCF负责端点的 SIP 注册及处理服务层中恰当应用服务器的 SIP 信号消息 的处理。控制层中的另一个组成部分是存储每个用户的唯一服务配置文件的归属订 户服务器（Home Subscriber Server，HSS）数据库。nullThe service profile may include a user's IP address, telephone records, buddy lists, voice mail greetings and so on. By centralizing a user's information in HSS, service providers can create unified personal directories and centralized user data administration across all services provided in IMS.翻译：服务配置文件可以包含用户的 IP 地址、电话记录、联系人列表、语音邮件 问候语等等。通过将用户的信息集中在 HSS 中，服务提供商可以跨 IMS 中提供的 所有服务创建统一的个人目录和进行集中用户数据管理。 null(4) Service Layer: On top of the IMS network architecture, there is the service layer. The three layers described above provide an integrated and standardized network platform to allow service providers to offer a variety of multimedia services in the service layer. The services are all run by application servers. The application servers are not only responsible for hosting and executing the services, but also provide the interface against the control layers using the SIP protocol. 翻译：（4）服务层：服务层在 IMS 网络体系结构之上。上面描述的三个层提供了 一个集成的标准网络平台，以允许服务提供商在服务层中提供各种多媒体服务。服 务全部由应用服务器运行。应用服务器不仅负责承载和执行服务，而且还要使用 SIP协议提供针对控制层的接口。 nullA single application server may host multiple services, for example, telephony and messaging services run on one application server; one advantage of this flexibility is to reduce the workload of the control layer.翻译：单个应用服务器可以承载多个服务，例如电话和消息传递服务可以在同一个 应用服务器上运行；这种灵活性的优势在于可以减少控制层的工作负载。nullThere are many application servers providing different services, in which three are core application servers of IMS that is Presence server that provides the services to collect manage and distribute the real time availability and the means for communicating among users, Group List Management server that allow users or administrators to have the ability to manage, create, modify, delete and search the network-based group definition and the associated lists of members, and Instant Messaging Server that allows users to send and receive messages instantly.翻译：有很多提供不同服务的应用服务器，其中三种 是IMS 的核心应用服务器，它 们是（I）在线状态服务器，它提供用于收集、管理和分发实时可用性和用户间的通 信方法的服务。（II）组列表管理服务器，提供特定的服务，以允许用户或管理员管 理、创建、修改、删除和搜索基于网络的组定义和关联成员列表。（III）即时消息传 递服务器，它提供允许用户发送和接收即时消息的通信服务。 null The user can connect to an IMS network in various ways, all of which use the standard Internet Protocol (IP). Direct IMS terminals (such as mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) and computers) can register directly on an IMS network, even when they are roaming in another network or country (the visited network). 翻译：用户可以通过各种方式连接到IMS网络，所有这些都使用标准的互联网协议 （ IP ） 。直接IMS终端（ 如移动电话、个人数位助理（ PDAs ）和计算机）可在 IMS网上直接登记，即使它漫游在另一个网络或一个国家（访问网络）时也可以。 nullThe only requirement is that they can use IPv6 (also IPv4 in early IMS) and run Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) user agents. Fixed access (e.g., Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), cable modems, Ethernet), mobile access (e.g. W-CDMA, CDMA2000, GSM, GPRS) and wireless access (e.g. WLAN, WiMAX) are all supported. Other phone systems like plain old telephone service (POTS -- the old analogue telephones), H.323 and non IMS-compatible VoIP systems, are supported through gateways .翻译：唯一的要求是，它可以使用IPv6 （早期的IMS也可以使用IPv4 ）并运行会话 启动协议（ SIP ）的用户代理。固定接入（如数字用户线路（ DSL ） ，电缆调制 解调器，以太网） 、移动接入（如： W - CDMA，CDMA2000 ，GSM ， GPRS ） 和无线接入（即WLAN，WiMAX ）都得以支持。其它电话系统，如普通老式电话业 务（POTS-旧的模拟电话）、H .323和非I MS兼容的 VoIP系统则可通过网关进行支 持。 3.疑难解析3.疑难解析1) Interactive multimedia systems under commercial development include cable television services with computer interfaces that enable viewers to interact with TV programs, and high-speed interactive audiovisual communications systems, which include video game consoles and virtual reality systems. 根据商业发展，交互式多媒体系统包括具有计算机接口的有线电视服务，此接口能让观众与电视节目以及高速互动视听通讯系统互动，该视听系统包括视频游戏控制台和虚拟的现实系统。 enable sb./ sth. to do…意为“使…能够…” null注意：enable 是在形容词able（或名词）前加前缀en构成的动词，用此类构词法构成的动词有很多，如：large---enlarge ; rich---enrich ; danger---endanger ; sure---ensure 等。 2) Linear active content progresses without any navigation control for the viewer, such as a cinema presentation. Non-linear content, also known as hypermedia content, offers user interactivity to control progress as used with a computer game or used in self-paced computer based training. 线性活动内容进行不受任何观看者的导播控制，如电影的播放。非线式的内容，也被称为超媒体内容，为用户提供交互性的进度控制，如电脑游戏或自定进度的以电脑为基础的训练。 known as意为“作为….而出名，被称为”，用作表语或状语