“推箱子”游戏的FPGA_实现

㭞䓷㻖㵔ゐ⧪⿐㪉ェ䈌䓼⼰� ㋯⧭ 3URMHFW 㪉ェ⡉⷇� � Ȱ်ᄔᏳȱቶყݨ )3*$ ༏ᄆ� � � � � ᮴ 59 䚅⷇ 2005011191 ᮴ 59 ⥟ṙᵫ 2005011203 ᮴ 59 ᴢ䴦 2005011212 ྡྷc�ᅲ偠Ⳃⱘ� 1. ໡дᴀᄺᳳ䇒⿟⍝ঞⱘݙᆍ 2. ⧚㾷ㅔऩ␌៣ⱘᅲ⦄䖛⿟ 3. ῵ഫ࣪ⱘ䆒䅵ᮍ⊩ 4. ෍ݏಶ䯳ড়԰㊒⼲ ֝c�䆒䅵Ⳃᷛ Փ⫼ FPGAᅲ偠ᵓϢ䬂Ⲭǃᰒ⼎఼ㄝ໪䆒ᅲ⦄ϔϾᐌ㾕ⱘĀ᥼ㆅᄤā␌៣DŽ ␌៣ᓔྟᯊˈӮߎ⦄ϔࡃ 8h8Ḑ⚍ⱘഄ೒ˈϞ䴶᳝ϔϾᇣҎᔶ⢊ҷ㸼ᨀ䖤 Ꮉˈ᳝㢹ᑆϾㆅᄤ੠ৠㄝ᭄䞣ⱘⳂⱘ⚍DŽᨀ䖤Ꮉৃҹ᥼ⴔㆅᄤ䍄ˈԚা㛑Ңৢ ৥ࠡ᥼ˈৠᯊ᳔໮᥼ϔϾDŽᔧᡞܼ䚼ⱘㆅᄤ᥼ࠄⳂⱘ⚍Ϟᯊˈ␌៣㦋㚰DŽ సc�䘏䕥ᢑ䈵 Ўњᅲ⦄䖭Ͼ␌៣ⱘࡳ㛑ˈ䳔㽕ᇍ݊䖯㸠ϔѯߚᵤˈҹ⹂ᅮ䳔㽕Փ⫼ⱘ ᭄᥂㒧ᵘঞ䘏䕥᥻ࠊˈҢ㗠⹂ᅮϢПⳌਏড়ⱘ⹀ӊ㒧ᵘDŽ 佪ܜˈ䳔㽕Ў䖭Ͼ␌៣ᓎゟϔϾĀഄ೒āˈ ⹂ᅮㆅᄤǃⳂᷛǃҹঞᨀ䖤 Ꮉⱘԡ㕂ˈ䖭Ͼഄ೒ᅲ䰙ϞህᰃϔϾĀⶽ䰉āˈ Ўњᅲ⦄ⱘᮍ֓ˈ៥ӀՓ⫼ њ೎ᅮ໻ᇣ˄8h8˅ⱘഄ೒ˈѢᰃህ䳔㽕ϔϾৠḋ໻ᇣⱘⶽ䰉ᴹᄬټĀഄ ೒āⱘֵᙃDŽ㒣䖛ߚᵤˈ៥Ӏথ⦄Āഄ೒āϞ↣ϾḐᄤⱘ⢊ᗕ᳔໮া᳝ 8 ⾡ৃ㛑 ѢˈᰃЎⶽ䰉ⱘ↣Ͼܗ㋴ߚ䜡 1byteህ㓄㓄᳝ԭњ 䖭ˈḋᭈᐙഄ೒া 䳔㽕 64byteⱘᄬټぎ䯈DŽ㗠ⶽ䰉Ёܗ㋴ⱘᬍবᰃ㽕᳡Ңϔᅮⱘ⢊ᗕ䕀⿏㾘 ᕟⱘˈ↨བˈϔϾḐ⚍ᴀᴹᰃぎഄˈ✊㗠ᔧᨀ䖤Ꮉ䍄ࠄϞ䴶ৢህ㽕䕀ᤶ៤ ᇣҎˈ㗠ݡ䍄ϔℹৢˈজ䞡ᮄ៤Ўぎഄ˗৘Ͼ⢊ᗕП䯈ⱘ䕀⿏݇㋏ᑊϡ໡ ᴖˈᬙ䖭䞠ϡݡ䌬䗄DŽ ݊⃵ˈ䳔㽕ϸϾᆘᄬ఼䆄ᔩᨀ䖤ᎹⱘᔧࠡതᷛDŽ಴Ўᨀ䖤ᎹᰃᭈϾ␌៣ ⱘḌᖗˈഄ೒Ϟ↣ϾḐ⚍ⱘᬍব䛑ᰃ⬅ᨀ䖤Ꮉⱘ㸠䍄ᓩ䍋ⱘˈᬙ㗠䳔㽕䆄 ᔩ݊ԡ㕂DŽ ᳔ৢˈ៥Ӏ㗗㰥ϔϟᭈϾഄ೒བԩ㹿ᰒ⼎ߎᴹDŽᅲ䰙Ϟ䖭Ͼ䯂乬䴲ᐌㅔ ऩˈা㽕ᰒ⼎῵ഫᇚᄬټഄ೒ֵᙃⱘⶽ䰉Ёⱘ᭄᥂䇏ߎˈᇍⶽ䰉Ёⱘܗ㋴ خϔ⃵䆥ⷕˈᇚϡৠⱘݙᆍߚ䜡ҹϡৠⱘ买㡆៪ᔶ⢊ˈ䕀ᤶ៤Ⳍᑨⱘ VGA ֵোˈᑊ೼ᰒ⼎఼ⱘⳌᑨԡ㕂ᰒ⼎ߎᴹህৃҹњDŽ 㒣䖛ҹϞⱘߚᵤˈᭈϾ␌៣ⱘ䘏䕥㒧ᵘᏆ㒣෎ᴀϞ⏙᱄њˈϟ䴶៥Ӏᇚ ḍ᥂䖭Ͼᴹ䖯㸠㋏㒳ⱘ䆒䅵DŽ ങc�㋏㒳䆒䅵 1) IPḌ˄PicoBlaze໘⧚఼˅ ៥Ӏ䗝⫼њ PicoBlaze ໘⧚఼ᴹᅠ៤៥Ӏ㋏㒳Ёⱘ䘏䕥᥻ࠊDŽᅲ䰙Ϟབ ᵰϡՓ⫼ IPḌ㗠Ⳉ᥹Փ⫼⹀ӊᦣ䗄䇁㿔ᅲ⦄䘏䕥᥻ࠊгᰃৃ㸠ⱘˈԚᰃ⬅ Ѣ IPḌⱘՓ⫼㛑໳ՓᭈϾ㋏㒳᳈ࡴ㾘ᭈˈᑊϨ㛑໳Փ⫼∛㓪䇁㿔ᅠ៤䘏䕥 ᥻ࠊˈ໻໻߽֓њ䇗䆩ⱘ䖛⿟DŽℸ໪ˈIP Ḍгᰃ䖭䮼䇒⿟ᬭ㒭៥ӀⱘϔϾ 䞡㽕ⱘὖᗉϢᮍ⊩ ᠔ˈҹ៥Ӏއᅮᇱ䆩ϔϟՓ⫼ IPḌ䖯㸠 FPGAᓔথⱘ㒣 ग़DŽ PicoBalze໘⧚఼݋᳝ҹϟ䌘⑤੠⡍⚍˖ 16 Ͼ 8-bit 䗮⫼᭄᥂ᆘᄬ఼˖s0~sF˗ 1024 x 18 bit ᣛҸᄬټぎ䯈ˈFPGA 䜡㕂ᯊ⿟ᑣࡴ䕑˗ 8-bit ALU˖෎ᴀㅫ᭄䖤ㅫǃ䘏䕥䖤ㅫǃ↨䕗ǃ⿏ԡㄝ˗ 64 byte ᭄᥂ᄬټ఼ 256 Ͼ䕧ܹ/䕧ߎッষ˗ ∛㓪䇁㿔㓪⿟˗ ៥Ӏৃҹⳟߎ 6ˈ4byte᭄᥂ᄬټ఼ℷདৃҹ⫼ᴹᄬټϔࡃഄ೒ 㗠ˈ䘏䕥ǃ ⿏ԡㄝ䖤ㅫ䎇ҹᇍ␌៣䖯㸠䘏䕥᥻ࠊDŽ㗠䕧ߎ䕧ܹッষ߭ৃҹ⫼ᴹϢ݊ᅗ ῵ഫ䖯㸠䗮ֵDŽ ঺໪ˈ䖭ℒ IP Ḍⱘ䌘⑤ऴ⫼⥛гᰃⳌᔧᇣⱘˈѢᰃ೼ᅠ៤᠔䳔ࡳ㛑ⱘ ৠᯊϡӮᏺᴹϡᖙ㽕ⱘ⌾䌍DŽѢᰃ៥Ӏ᳔㒜⹂ᅮՓ⫼ PicoBlazeᅠ៤៥Ӏⱘ 䆒䅵DŽ 2) ᭈԧ㒧ᵘ Ϟ೒ᰃ៥Ӏⱘ㋏㒳㒧ᵘDŽᔧ㋏㒳ਃࡼᯊˈҢ ROMЁ䇏পഄ೒ֵᙃ˄ḍ ᥂ᅲ偠ᵓϞᓔ݇⢊ᗕ 㟇˅ PicoBlaze⠛ݙᄬټ఼Ё ᑊˈᇚഄ೒ֵᙃݭܹᰒᄬDŽ 䱣ৢˈPicoBlaze䖯ܹぎᕾ⦃ЁㄝᕙЁᮁDŽ ᔧ⥽ᆊ䗮䖛䬂Ⲭᣝ䬂ᇍ␌៣䖯㸠᥻ࠊᯊ 䬂ˈⲬѻ⫳ⱘᠿᦣⷕ㒣䖛䆥ⷕ῵ ഫᅠ៤䆥ⷕৢ ѻˈ⫳ϔϾЁᮁֵো䗮ⶹ PicoBlaze໘⧚఼ 䱣ˈৢ໘⧚఼䗮䖛 䕧ܹッষᇚ䆥ⷕ㒧ᵰ䇏ܹˈᑊḍ᥂ᣝ䬂ⱘᚙމׂᬍഄ೒ⱘ⢊ᗕˈᑊࠋᮄᰒ ᄬЁⱘݙᆍDŽ ೼ҹϞ䖛⿟䖯㸠ⱘৠᯊˈVGA ῵ഫ೼ϡذഄҢᰒᄬЁ䇏পݙᆍᑊᇚ݊ 䆥ⷕৢᰒ⼎೼ᰒ⼎఼ϞˈҢ㗠ᅠ៤␌៣ⱘ䕧ߎࡳ㛑DŽ ϟ䴶ᇚߚ῵ഫҟ㒡৘䚼ߚⱘ䆒䅵DŽ ๔c�῵ഫ䆒䅵 1) IPḌϞⱘ∛㓪䇁㿔䆒䅵 ␌៣ᓔྟᯊˈҢッষ䇏ܹഄ೒(8x8)ֵᙃˈҹ߱ྟ࣪Ḍݙ 8X8 ݙᄬˈᇚഄ ೒⢊ᗕᄬܹݙᄬЁ ᑊˈৠᯊᇚഄ೒ֵᙃ䕧ߎࠄᰒᄬ ᑊˈᇍ৘ᷛᖫᆘᄬ఼߱䌟ؐˈ ݊Ёࣙᣀ␌៣ЁᇣҎⱘതᷛˈᇮ᳾ᅠ៤ⱘㆅᄤϾ᭄ㄝˈᅠ៤␌៣߱ྟ࣪DŽ ᥹ϟᴹᠧᓔЁᮁˈ䖯ܹᕾ⦃ᣖ䍋ˈޚ໛᥹ফ䬂Ⲭ䕧ܹDŽᔧ᥹ᬊࠄϔϾ䕧ܹ ᯊˈ佪ܜᇍᔧࠡ䕧ܹ䖯㸠݋ԧ߸ᮁᑊ䞛পⳌᑨ᪡԰DŽㅫ⊩ⱘ⌕⿟བϟ˖ 1) 㢹䕧ܹЎᮍ৥䬂ˈ߸ᮁᇣҎ᠔㽕⿏ࡼࠄⱘϟϔϾതᷛⱘ⢊ᗕ� a) থ⦄ᰃぎഄ៪Ⳃⱘഄˈ߭ᇣҎ⿏ࡼࠄϟϔϾതᷛˈᑊݭܹ locationˈ䆄ᔩᔧࠡതᷛ ࠄ lastlocaᆘᄬ఼ˈᑊᡞᔧࠡതᷛ䖬ॳ៤ぎഄ៪ⳂⱘഄDŽ䞡ᮄಲࠄㄝᕙЁᮁ⢊ᗕ� b) থ⦄ᰃぎഄϞⱘㆅᄤˈ߭㒻㓁߸ᮁㆅᄤⳌৠᮍ৥ⱘϟϔϾതᷛ� i. 㢹Ўぎഄ 䖯ˈ㸠⿏ࡼˈे ᇚㆅᄤⱘϟϔϾԡ㕂㕂Ўㆅᄤ⢊ᗕ 㒧ˈᵰ䆄ܹ nextloca ᆘᄬ఼DŽᇚㆅᄤⱘԡ㕂㕂ЎᇣҎ⢊ᗕˈ䆄ܹ locationDŽᡞᔧࠡതᷛᷛᖫЎぎഄˈ ৠḋׂᬍ� lastlocaᆘᄬ఼DŽ䞡ᮄಲࠄㄝᕙЁᮁ⢊ᗕ� ii. 㢹ЎⳂⱘഄˈᆘᄬ఼ׂᬍৠϞˈᑊᇚ flag ᆘᄬ఼ޣ 1ˈᑊ↨䕗 flag ੠ 0 ᰃ৺Ⳍ ㄝˈ߸ᮁᰃ৺ᅠ៤␌៣DŽ䞡ᮄಲࠄㄝᕙЁᮁ⢊ᗕ� iii. ৺߭ˈ⿏ࡼফ䰏ˈ䞡ᮄಲࠄㄝᕙЁᮁ⢊ᗕ� c) থ⦄ᰃⳂⱘഄϞⱘㆅᄤˈ໘⧚ᮍ⊩ৠϞˈাᰃ㢹៤ࡳ⿏ࡼˈflagܜࡴ 1৺߭ˈ⿏ࡼ ফ䰏ˈ䞡ᮄಲࠄㄝᕙЁᮁ⢊ᗕ� 2) 㢹䕧ܹЎᙨẟ䬂ˈḍ᥂ nextloca߸ᮁϞϔℹⱘ⿏ࡼᚙމ� a) nextloca ⑶ߎˈϞϔℹᑊ᳾⿏ࡼㆅᄤ៪ᑊ᳾⿏ࡼ䖛ˈ⬅Ѣ߱ྟ࣪ᯊᇚ lastlaca 䌟ҹ locationˈ㢹᳾⿏ࡼ䖛 lastloca=locationDŽ߭䖭⾡ᚙމϟ䛑ৃҹⳈ᥹ᇚ lastloca㕂Ўᇣ Ҏˈᑊ䖬ॳᔧࠡതᷛ៤ぎഄ៪ⳂⱘഄDŽᑊׂᬍ locationЎ lastlocaDŽ� b) nextlocaড়⊩ˈϞϔℹ⿏ࡼࡼ䖛ㆅᄤDŽৠḋᘶ໡৘ݙᄬؐˈᑊׂᬍᇍᑨᷛᖫᆘᄬ఼ˈ ⡍߿⊼ᛣ flagᆘᄬ఼ⱘ໘⧚ेৃDŽ� c) ৺߭Ўϡড়⊩䕧ܹˈಲࠄㄝᕙЁᮁ⢊ᗕ� ⊼˖ҹϞ᠔᳝៤ࡳ⿏ࡼⱘℹ偸䛑㽕䗮䖛ッষ䕧ߎׂᬍᰒᄬDŽҹᅠ៤ᰒ⼎DŽ� 3) བЁᮁЁ߸ᮁ flag=0ˈे᠔᳝ㆅᄤ䛑Ꮖ᥼ϞⳂⱘഄˈ߭݇䯁ЁᮁˈᓔྟҢ Ram䇏ܹ㒧ᴳ ⬏䴶ˈׂᬍݙᄬᑊৠᯊᇚ݊䕧ߎࠄᰒᄬDŽᅠ៤␌៣DŽ� ㅫ⊩ᇍᑨⱘ⌕⿟೒བϟ˖ ߱ྟ࣪ ᠧᓔЁᮁ ݇䯁Ёᮁ ᅠ៤˛ 㒧ᴳ⬏䴶 ␌៣ᓔྟ ␌៣㒧ᴳ Ёᮁ䇗⫼ ⿏ࡼ ᳈ᬍݙᄬϢᰒᄬ 䬂Ⲭ䕧ܹ ড়⊩ ᰃ ৺ ৺ ᰃ 2) VGA᥻ࠊ a) VGA᥹ষ ˄rgbϝ㡆ⱘ䕧ߎ੠㸠ৠℹ੠എৠℹ˅ b) 䩜ᇍ៥Ӏ㽕䕧ߎⱘϰ㽓੠ VGAⱘ᥹ষ䕧ߎֵো䖯㸠㓪⿟˗ c) 佪ܜᰃϹḐⱘ㸠ৠℹ੠എৠℹֵো i. ḍ᥂Ϟ䴶ⱘᯊᑣ೒ˈᕜᆍᯧᕫࠄϹḐⱘ㸠ৠℹֵো੠എৠℹֵো˗ ϡᇥৠᄺ೼ⓨ⼎ⱘᯊ׭᮴⊩೼ᡩᕅҾϞ៤ࡳᰒ⼎೒ڣ ህˈᰃ಴Ў䖭 ϸϾֵোϡ໳ヺড়ϹḐⱘ VGAⱘᎹϮᷛޚˈ乥⥛䍙䖛ৃ䆚߿ⱘ㣗 ೈDŽ ii. ㄀Ѡ䳔㽕⊼ᛣⱘᰃ ENABLE ֵোⱘ԰⫼੠ᖙ㽕ᗻˈ಴Ўᔧ㸠໻Ѣ 640ˈ߫໻Ѣ 480˗ᰃᠿᦣ⚍ᠿᦣࠄ䴲ৃ㾕ⱘऎඳˈ᠔ҹ៥ӀЎњ VGAᎹϮᷛޚ᠔㽕∖ⱘ乥⥛: ᯊ䩳乥⥛: 25.175MHz(ڣ㋴䕧ߎⱘ乥⥛); 㸠乥: 31469Hz; എ乥: 59.94Hz ֱ䆕ᰒ⼎೒ڣⱘ〇ᅮᗻ䳔㽕ᣛᅮϔϾՓ㛑ֵোˈՓᕫᅗ੠ rgb῵ᢳ ֵোⳌϢˈᔧ㸠 0~640ˈ߫ 0~480Пݙᠡ᳝ᬜˈ䖭ḋህЎ៥Ӏৃ㾚 ⱘ㣗ೈݙDŽ d) ϟ䴶䳔㽕ⱘḍ᥂␌៣ⱘ䳔㽕䆒㕂 color-map˗ i. 佪ܜ៥Ӏᡞ 640*480 ߚ䕼⥛ⱘሣᐩ䖯㸠ߦߚˈ಴Ўᰃᇣ␌៣≵᳝ᖙ 㽕خ៤䙷Мⱘ⦄ᅲ㣗ೈ ᠔ˈҹ៥ӀᡞЁ䯈ⱘϔഫ 256*256ⱘऎඳ䖯 㸠ᰒ⼎ˈ໪䴶ⱘ԰Ў㪱㡆ⱘ㚠᱃ˈᐌᰒ⼎㪱㡆˗ ii. 㗗㰥ࠄ៥Ӏ䳔㽕䰸⊩ⱘ䘏䕥ˈ᠔ҹ᠔᳝ⱘߚഫ䛑ᰃ 2 ⱘᭈ᭄⃵ᐖDŽ ៥Ӏ৻ 256*256ⱘऎඳߚ៤њ 8*8ⱘ 64Ͼऎඳഫˈ↣ϔϾڣ⚍ᰃ 32*32ڣ㋴ⱘDŽ↣ϔऎඳഫᰒ⼎ϔϾݙᆍDŽ↨བㆅᄤǃ៪㗙ᰃҎǃ ៪㗙ᰃ๭ǃⳂⱘഄDŽ಴Ў៥Ӏ≵᳝⫼ݙᄬऩܗᴹخ៤ϔϾ lookup_table;㗠ᰃ⫼ㅔऩⱘ䘏䕥ᴹᅲ⦄ᰒ⼎৘⾡৘ḋⱘㅔऩⱘᔶ⢊ ੠买㡆ᨁ䜡DŽ iii. 佪ܜ៥Ӏᣛᅮњ৘⾡ϡৠᚙމⱘᰒ⼎೒ᔶˈ↨བ䇈๭ህᰃㅔऩᮍᔶ ᨁ䜡㑶㓓㡆˗ㆅᄤᰃצⴔⱘễᔶˈࡴϞ䖍ḚDŽĂĂ iv. Ўњᰒ⼎䖭ѯϡৠⱘऎඳᔶ⢊੠买㡆ⱘᨁ䜡៥Ӏ䳔㽕ᅮԡϸϾԡ 㕂DŽϔϾᰃᠿᦣ⚍തᷛᇍᑨⱘᰃાϔϾ 8*8ⱘऎඳഫˈ✊ৢҢݙᄬ Ё䇏পᅗᰃሲѢ䙷Ͼϰ㽓ˈᰃⳂⱘഄ䖬ᰃҎ˗✊ৢ៥Ӏ䖬䳔㽕ϔϾ തᷛᅮԡˈ䙷ህᰃ೼ऎඳഫݙ䚼ⱘᮄതᷛˈᕜㅔऩ⫼䰸䖤ㅫৃҹⶹ 䘧ᔧࠡⱘᠿᦣ⚍ᇍᑨⱘऎඳᰃ䙷Ͼ ⫼˗῵䖤ㅫህৃҹᅮԡᅗ೼䖭Ͼ ऎඳⱘᮄതᷛDŽ಴Ў䛑ᰃ 2ⱘℷ᭄⃵ᐖⱘ᭄ˈ䰸䖤ㅫ੠῵䖤ㅫ䛑ᰃ ৃҹᅠ៤ⱘDŽ v. ϟ䴶ህㅔऩВϔϾ⫼䘏䕥ᅲ⦄ⱘ೒ᔶᰒ⼎DŽ៥Ӏᇍㆅᄤⱘᰒ⼎ᰃϔ Ͼễᔶⱘ᳝䖍Ḛⱘ೒ᔶDŽ䳔㽕៥Ӏ⬏ߎಯᴵ᭰⥛ᰃ 1ⱘⳈ㒓ˈৃҹ 㒧ড়㒓ᗻ㾘ߦⱘᗱᛇ ⫼ˈ if䇁হ㒧ড়ϡㄝᓣᴹ⬏ߎễᔶऎඳ੠⫼ㄝ ᓣᴹ⬏ߎಯᴵⳈ㒓DŽ ঺໪䖬᳝ᇣҎⱘᰒ⼎гᰃ⫼ㅔऩⱘ䘏䕥߸ᮁᴹخⱘDŽᔧ✊བᵰ㽕خ ߎϔϾᅠ㕢ⱘᰒ⼎೒ᔶᨁ䜡ˈᑨ䆹⫼᳈催ⱘᰒᄬˈ⫼ᶹᡒ㸼ⱘᔶᓣ ᴹ䖯㸠ᰒ⼎DŽ e) ᳔ৢᇚ៥Ӏ color-mapˈvga 㸠ৠℹഎৠℹ῵ഫҹঞݙᄬ῵ഫ䖯㸠䖲 㒓DŽ݋ԧⱘḚ೒೼Ϟ䴶ⱘḚ೒Ё䇈ⱘᕜ⏙Ἦˈ݋ԧⱘ⌕⿟ᰃ˖ 3) PS2䬂Ⲭ᥹ষ⬉䏃 䖭ϔ䚼ߚݙᆍ៥ᰃ೼㗕Ꮬᦤկⱘ PS2᥹ষⱘ෎⸔Ϟׂᬍ㗠៤ⱘDŽ 佪ܜˈϟ೒ᰃϔϾ䬂Ⲭ৥䗤⏤থ䗕ᠿᦣⷕⱘᯊᑣ೒DŽ ᔧᣝϟᣝ䬂ᯊˈ䬂Ⲭথ䗕कϾᯊ䩳਼ᳳⱘІ㸠ֵোˈ݊Ё㄀ 1ԡЎ 䍋ྟヺˈ᳔ৢϔԡЎ㒜ℶヺˈЁ䯈 8ԡЎ᭄᥂DŽ 䖯㸠Іᑊ䕀ᤶⱘ⬉䏃བϟˈᅲ䰙ϞᰃϸϾᆘᄬ఼DŽ೼ᯊ䩳ⱘϟ䰡⊓ˈ 㹿䞛ࠄⱘᮄ bit䖯ܹЏᆘᄬ఼˄ϟᮍ˅ⱘ㄀ϔԡˈབ೒DŽ㗠೼䱣ৢⱘϞ छ⊓ˈЏᆘᄬ఼ⱘ᭄᥂㹿ܼ䚼ݭܹҢᆘᄬ఼ˈབ೒咥ㆁ༈᠔⼎˗㗠೼ϟ ϔϾϟ䰡⊓䫭ԡݭಲЏᆘᄬ఼ˈབ೒㉝㡆ㆁ༈᠔⼎DŽ㒣䖛 8Ͼᯊ䩳਼ᳳ ৢˈ䕧ܹⱘ᭄᥂ܼ֓䚼䖯ܹЏᆘᄬ఼ˈᅠ៤њӴ㸠Ϣᑊ㸠ⱘ䕀ᤶDŽ Ԛᰃˈ䖬᳝ϔѯ乱໪ⱘ䯂乬DŽ⬅Ѣ䞛⫼ϞϟᎺেᮍ৥䬂䖯㸠᥻ࠊˈ 㗠䖭ѯ䬂ԡⱘᠿᦣⷕᰃ⬅ϸ↉㒘៤ⱘˈࠡϔ↉ᰃᠽሩⷕˈ㗠ৢϔ↉ᠡᰃ ⳳℷⱘ᭄᥂ⷕDŽ಴ℸ೼ᅠ៤䕀ᤶৢˈ㽕߸ᮁᕫࠄⱘおコᰃᠽሩⷕ䖬ᰃⳳ ℷⱘ᭄᥂ˈ㢹ᰃᠽሩⷕ߭ゟࠏޚ໛᥹ফৢ䖍ⱘ᭄᥂˗㢹ᰃ᭄᥂ⷕˈᠡ䗕 ߎ data_readyⱘֵোˈ䗮ⶹৢ䖍ⱘ῵ഫ߮߮᥹ᬊࠄњᮄⱘ᭄᥂DŽ 4) ໘⧚఼໪ೈ⬉䏃 a) Ёᮁ᥻ࠊ῵ഫ ᔧᅠ៤߱ྟ࣪ৢˈ໘⧚఼䖯ܹぎᕾ⦃ㄝࠄЁᮁⱘѻ⫳DŽ⬅Ѣ PicoBlaze ⱘ Manual ϞᣛߎĀЎњ⹂ֱЁᮁ᳝ᬜˈЁᮁֵো䳔㽕ֱ ᣕϸϾᯊ䩳਼ᳳⱘ催⬉ᑇāˈ಴ℸ䳔㽕೼ INTERRUPTッষ໪ࡴϔϾ ᇣ῵ഫDŽ བϞ೒ˈᔧ data_readyֵোѻ⫳ৢˈD㾺থ఼㹿㕂ԡˈҢ㗠 INTERRUPTッ᥹ᬊࠄ催⬉ᑇˈ⬅Ѣ D㾺থ఼ⱘ䕧ܹッϢ䕧ߎッⳌ 䖲ˈѢᰃेՓ data_ready༅ᬜৢˈ催⬉ᑇⱘ⢊ᗕҡӮ㓈ᣕDŽᔧϸϾ ਼ᳳৢˈ໘⧚఼⹂䅸Ёᮁֵোˈᑊথߎ ACKֵোˈᇚ D㾺থ఼⏙ 䳊ˈҢ㗠Ёᮁֵোг䱣П⍜༅ˈϡӮ䞡໡ѻ⫳ЁᮁDŽ 䖭ህᰃЁᮁ᥻ࠊ῵ഫⱘᎹ԰ॳ⧚DŽৃ ҹⳟߎˈ݊ ᅲ⦄г䴲ᐌㅔऩDŽ b) ῵ഫ䯈䗮ֵ᥻ࠊ Ϟ೒Ў PicoBlaze ໘⧚఼ⱘ໪䚼᥹ষ⼎ᛣ೒DŽৃҹⳟߎˈᅗᰃ䗮 䖛 8bitⱘッষ IN_PORT OˈUT_PORT PˈORT_IDᴹᅠ៤Ϣ݊ᅗ῵ഫ ⱘ䗮ֵⱘDŽ ໘⧚఼݅䳔㽕੠䬂Ⲭǃᰒᄬ੠ֱᄬഄ೒ֵᙃⱘ ROM䖯㸠䗮ֵˈ ಴ℸ೼ PORT_ID໪ᖙ乏ࡴഄഔ䆥ⷕ఼៪೼ IN_PORTࠡࡴ໮䏃䗝ᢽ ఼ˈѻ⫳ℷ⹂ⱘ䗝䗮ֵোˈֱ䆕᭄᥂㹿䗕ࠄℷ⹂ⱘⳂⱘഄএˈᑊϨ ֱ䆕᭄᥂⬅ℷ⹂ⱘᴹ⑤䗕ᴹDŽ ೼ᅲ⦄ᯊˈা䳔㽕ᇚഄഔߚ䜡㒭ϡৠⱘ໪䆒ˈҢ㗠ḍ᥂ッষഄഔ ⱘ㣗ೈѻ⫳Ⳍᑨ໪䆒ⱘ䗝䗮ֵোህৃҹњ Ѣˈᰃ䖭䞠гϡࡴ䌬䗄њDŽ ঢc�䯂乬Ϣ䇗䆩 ៥Ӏⱘ䇗䆩䖛⿟гᰃ↣Ͼ៤ਬܜ䖯㸠৘㞾῵ഫⱘ䇗䆩 ˈݡ䖯㸠ᭈϾ㋏㒳 ⱘ㘨䇗DŽ⬅ѢߚᎹড়⧚ˈᑊϨ৘῵ഫ䯈᥹ষᅮНᯢ⹂ˈࡴҹՓ⫼њ IPḌˈ ᭈϾ䆒䅵䖛⿟Ё≵᳝䘛ࠄकߚẬ᠟ⱘ䯂乬DŽ Ԛᰃ೼ᰒ⼎఼Ϟ㾖ᆳ᳔ৢᬜᵰᰃˈैথ⦄ϔϾ༛ᗾⱘ䯂乬ˈᔧ↣⃵ᣝϟ ᮍ৥䬂ˈݡᣝϟ䴲ᮍ৥䬂ˈ៪ܜᣝϟ䴲ᮍ৥䬂ˈݡᣝϟᮍ৥䬂ᯊˈᰒ⼎఼ Ӯߎ⦄ⷁ᱖ⱘĀ咥ሣāˈ 䱣ৢᘶ໡ℷᐌDŽ䖭Ͼ䯂乬ೄᡄњ៥Ӏ䆌ЙDŽ 㒣䖛Ҩ㒚㾖ᆳˈ៥Ӏথ⦄咥ሣࠡৢഄ೒ᰃℷ⹂ⱘˈ䖭ህ䇈ᯢϡᰃ䆒䅵Ё ⱘ䘏䕥ߎњ䯂乬DŽ咥ሣᕜৃ㛑ᰃ಴Ўᰒ⼎఼೼䙷Ͼᯊࠏ༅এњֵোDŽѢᰃ ៥ӀজҨ㒚Ẕᶹњ VGA῵ഫⱘ䕧ߎ᥻ࠊˈথ⦄ҷⷕᴀ䑿≵᳝䯂乬DŽ 䖯ϔℹ㾖ᆳ ៥ˈӀথ⦄೼ܜࠡ䇗䆩䖛⿟Ё ЎˈњẔᶹ䬂Ⲭ䆥ⷕᰃ৺ℷ⹂ˈ ៥Ӏᇚ䆥ⷕ㒧ᵰ䗕ࠄњ 7 ↉䆥ⷕ఼ˈ䗮䖛᭄ⷕㅵᴹ㾖ᆳ㒧ᵰDŽ㗠ᮍ৥䬂Ϣ 䴲ᮍ৥䬂П䯈ߛᤶᯊ 7 ↉᭄ⷕㅵЁⱘ໻䚼ߚ䛑থ⫳њব࣪ˈӮϡӮᰃ⬅Ѣ 䖭⾡ব࣪ᇐ㟈њ偅ࡼ㛑࡯ⱘϟ䰡Ң㗠ᕅડњ VGA ᥻ࠊֵোⱘ䕧ߎਸ਼˛Ѣ ᰃ៥Ӏ䞡ᮄׂᬍњᇍ 7 ↉᭄ⷕㅵⱘ᥻ࠊˈՓ݊೼ᮍ৥䬂Ϣ䴲ᮍ৥䬂П䯈ⱘ ߛᤶᯊা᳝ᇥ᭄᭄ⷕㅵথ⫳њব࣪ˈথ⦄ᵰ✊咥ሣⱘ䯂乬ϡݡߎ⦄њˈ䖭 гॄ䆕њ៥Ӏⱘ⣰ᛇDŽ ୞c�ᅲ⦄ᬜᵰ ᳔㒜ˈᴀ䆒䅵ⱘᅠ៤ᚙމབϟ˖ 䩞Ⰸ᧽Ҍ⍨᜿喍9*$ ᭮⹪� 䶴㒞 �፵ౠమ喍ү⩘Ჯ̺ᐰڣ䔹᠙� ٱ䃨ᗄ᷻� 㒣䖛໻ᆊⱘ䆩⥽ˈ␌៣ᬜᵰ㡃དˈ᳾থ⦄ BugDŽ ϟ䴶ᰃ៥Ӏⱘ䆒䅵೼ᰒ⼎఼Ϟⱘᬜᵰ˖ ᳔㒜⬅ Xilinx䕃ӊ㒭ߎⱘ䌘⑤ऴ⫼⥛Ў˖ Number of occupied slices: 332/960 33% гህᰃҙऴ⫼њᇣᓔথᵓⱘ㑺 1/3ⱘ䌘⑤ህᅠ៤њ䆒䅵DŽ ̶c�ᘏ㒧Ϣᬊ㦋 1. ῵ഫ࣪䆒䅵Ϣ㋏㒳ⱘᨁᓎ � ݊ᅲϞ䇒ⱘᯊ׭䚥㗕Ꮬ㒭៥Ӏ䆆ᥜњᕜ໮㋏㒳㑻䆒䅵ⱘⶹ䆚ˈࣙᣀ Ң HDL ⱘ㓪⿟ˈݡࠄ݋ԧⱘϔѯㅫ⊩ˈ䖬᳝ϔѯ IP ḌⱘՓ⫼ˈخ ϔϾ㋏㒳㽕䆆おབԩ䆒䅵ᨁᓎˈϔ㠀ⱘᮍ⊩ᰃҢ乊㟇ϟˈᇚ㋏㒳ߚ ៤ϔѯᇣ㋏㒳ˈ✊ৢݡߚ៤ϔѯ݋ԧࡳ㛑῵ഫDŽϡৠⱘࡳ㛑῵ഫⱘ ᨁᓎৃҹ⫼ϡৠⱘᮍ⊩ 䖭ˈ䞠៥Ӏ䗝ᢽњ⫼ PicoBlazeⱘ໘⧚఼ᴹ䖯 㸠᥻ࠊDŽ 2. IPḌⱘՓ⫼Ϣㅔऩⱘጠܹᓣ㋏㒳 � 䖭䞠៥Ӏ↨䕗᳝⡍⚍ⱘϰ㽓ህᰃ㒧ড়њ PicoBlaze ⱘ໘⧚఼੠ IP Ḍ ⱘ߽⫼ᴹᨁᓎ៥Ӏⱘ␌៣㋏㒳DŽ㒧ড়Ӵ㒳ⱘ HDL ⱘᦣ䗄㋏㒳ⱘᮍ ⊩ ✊ˈৢ䖯㸠㓐ড়䖲᥹DŽ㗠Ϩ IPḌⱘՓ⫼㛑໳ՓᭈϾ㋏㒳᳈ࡴ㾘ᭈˈ ᑊϨ㛑໳Փ⫼∛㓪䇁㿔ᅠ៤䘏䕥᥻ࠊˈ໻໻߽֓њ䇗䆩ⱘ䖛⿟DŽℸ ໪ˈIP Ḍгᰃ䖭䮼䇒⿟ᬭ㒭៥ӀⱘϔϾ䞡㽕ⱘὖᗉϢᮍ⊩ˈ᠔ҹ៥ Ӏއᅮᇱ䆩ϔϟՓ⫼ IPḌ䖯㸠 FPGAᓔথⱘ㒣ग़DŽ � ݊ᅲՓ⫼ IPḌ䖯㸠 FPGA㋏㒳㑻ᓔথᰃϔϾᖙ✊䳔㽕ᥠᦵⱘϔ䮼ⶹ 䆚ˈгᰃҞৢᅲ⦄↨䕗໻㾘῵㋏㒳ⱘϔϾ䍟࢓৻ˈ䇒Ϟˈ䚥㗕Ꮬ㢅 њ↨䕗໮ⱘᯊ䯈੠៥Ӏ䆆ᥜ PicoBlaze ੠ MicroBlaze ϸ⾡໘⧚఼᥻ ࠊⱘ⫼⊩ᅲ՟䆆㾷ˈ⫼∛㓪੠ C䇁㿔гৠḋৃҹㅔऩ䖯㸠 FPGAⱘ 㓪⿟DŽЎ៥Ӏⱘ㋏㒳ᨁᓎ໻໻ㅔऩ࣪њˈԚᰃ೼㗗㰥䌘⑤੠ᓔথⱘ ᮍ֓៥Ӏ䳔㽕䖯㸠ᡬЁ㗗㰥ˈ಴Ўᕔᕔᕜ໮ᚙމ៥Ӏ䳔㽕⫼᳈໮ⱘ 䌘⑤প߽⫼䖭Ͼ໘⧚఼DŽ � ঺໪Փ⫼ IPḌৃҹ䇈ᰃキ೼ᎼҎⱘ㙽㝔Ϟ䖯㸠ᓔথ ಴ˈЎ IPḌᰃϔ ϾৃҹⳈ᥹䖯㸠ׂᬍⱘञ៤કˈ⡍߿ᰃ䙷ѯ soft IPৃᓔথⱘ┰࡯᳈ ໻ˈ߽⫼ IP Ḍ⫳៤Ꮉ݋ৃҹ⫳៤৘⾡㉏ൟǃ৘⾡ࡳ㛑ⱘ῵ഫDŽ䖭ѯ ῵ഫҢㅔऩⱘ෎ᴀ䆒䅵῵ഫࠄ໡ᴖⱘֵো໘⧚῵ഫϔᑨׅܼDŽ䗮䖛 IPḌ⫳៤Ꮉ݋໡⫼ IPḌⱘད໘᳝㓽ⷁ䆒䅵䖯ᑺ ˗ޣᇥᓔথ䇗䆩ᯊ䯈˗ 䙓ܡ䞡໡䆒䅵˗ᇍ䆒䅵ⱘᗻ㛑੠䋼䞣ᏺᴹ䕗໻ⱘᦤछDŽ 3. 䇗䆩ⱘ㒣偠 � ߚ῵ഫ䇗䆩ˇ㘨䇗 a) ៥Ӏܙߚথ᣹䲚ԧⱘ࡯䞣ˈ಴Ў᳝ߚᎹⱘ㽕∖ˈ᠔ҹ៥Ӏ৘㞾ᇍ 㞾Ꮕⱘࡳ㛑῵ഫ䛑ᰃ↨䕗њ㾷ⱘDŽ↨བ䇈ᴢ䴦ᰃᅠ៤ⱘ Picoblaze ໘⧚఼ϟⱘ∛㓪ҷⷕⱘ㓪ݭ੠䇗䆩ˈ䘏䕥↨䕗ㅔऩ˗᠔ҹ៥Ӏ೼ ॳᴹⱘ෎⸔Ϟ๲ࡴњᙨẟⱘ䘏䕥˗೼䇗䆩䖛⿟Ёߎ⦄њᙨẟߎ䫭 ⱘᚙމ ໻ˈᆊህ䲚ԧ䅼䆎ߎ⦄ⱘ䯂乬DŽ⥟ṙᵫ䋳䋷ⱘᰃᰒ⼎῵ഫˈ Џ㽕ᰃ䕧ߎ৘Ͼᯊࠏⱘ rgb ῵ᢳֵো੠㸠ৠℹ੠എৠℹⱘֵোˈ 䙷М䖭Ͼᰃ䇗䆩ⱘ෎⸔ˈ㗠Ϩ䖭Ͼ῵ഫг᳝↨䕗໮ⱘখ㗗ᅲ՟˗ ݇䬂ᰃབԩ⫼ㅔऩⱘ䘏䕥߸ᮁᴹᰒ⼎৘⾡೒Ḝ˗䇗䆩ⱘ䖛⿟гᰃ ↨䕗ㅔऩⱘˈা㽕ⳟᰒ⼎ߎᴹⱘᬜᵰˈ㒧ড়ҷⷕᕜᆍᯧህⶹ䘧䯂 乬ߎ⦄೼ા˛↨䕗䲒ҹ䇗䆩ⱘᰃ⫼ PicoBlaze໘⧚఼ѻ⫳ⱘ῵ഫˈ ಴Ўϡᰃ㞾Ꮕ᠟ᡞ᠟ݭߎⱘҷⷕˈ᠔ҹ݋ԧⱘ䇗䆩䳔㽕↨䕗䭓ⱘ ࡳ໿DŽ b) 㘨䇗ᰃሩ⦄䲚ԧᱎ᜻੠ಶ䯳ড়԰ⱘϔ乍Ꮉ԰ˈ೼㘨䇗ⱘ䖛⿟Ёˈ ߎ⦄њᕜ໮䯂乬˗↨བ䇈ᰒ⼎⬏䴶ⱘ䮾ࡼ˗೒ᔶᰒ⼎ߎ䫭˗៪㗙 ␌៣ⱘ䘏䕥ϡᇍDŽԚᰃẔᶹ৘㞾ⱘ῵ഫˈҹঞ䚅⷇ᇍᭈϾ㋏㒳ⱘ ᨁᓎ੠❳ᙝ㾷އ䖭ѯ䯂乬䖬ᰃ↨䕗䕏ᵒⱘDŽ c) ᇍѢ䙷ѯ៥Ӏϡ㛑߸ᮁⱘ䯂乬ᴹ⬅ˈ៥Ӏ䞛⫼㋏㒳ㅔऩ࣪ˈ↨བ ϸϝϾ῵ഫП䯈䖲᥹䍋ᴹ䇗䆩ˈ✊ৢϔϾϔϾ῵ഫࡴϞএ˗ᡒߎ 䯂乬ⱘॳ಴DŽ᳔ৢᇚ᠔᳝ⱘ῵ഫ䖲᥹䍋ᴹˈ㾷އ᠔᳝ⱘ䯂乬DŽ 4. ߚᎹϢড়԰ � 䖭Ͼᇣ␌៣㱑✊ϡᰃϔϾᕜ໻ⱘᎹ⿟ Ԛˈᰃ೼㋻ᓴⱘ໻ϝϟ䇒⿟Ёˈ 䖬ᰃ㢅䌍њ៥Ӏ↨䕗໮ⱘᯊ䯈ⱘˈᰃ៥Ӏϝԡ៤ਬࡾ࡯ⱘ㒧ᵰˈг ᰃϔϾᄺᳳҹᴹᇚ៥Ӏ᠔ᄺⱘ݇Ѣ FPGA ⱘ㋏㒳ᓎゟⱘⶹ䆚ሑ䞣ⱘ ⫼䍋ᴹњDŽ៥Ӏ⫼ࠄњ PicoBlazeⱘ໘⧚఼῵ഫˈ⫼ࠄњ䬂Ⲭ῵ഫˈ ⫼ࠄњЁᮁˈ⫼ࠄњ VGAⱘᰒ⼎῵ഫ˗ৠᯊᡞ∛㓪੠ HDL⹀ӊᦣ 䗄䇁㿔ᕜདⱘЎ៥Ӏⱘ㋏㒳᳡ࡵDŽ � ៥ӀⱘߚᎹᰃ䴲ᐌড়⧚ⱘˈ佪ܜ⥟ṙᵫ੠ᴢ䴦ᰃ䋳䋷Џ㽕ᄤ῵ഫⱘ ᨁᓎˈ⥟ṙᵫ䋳䋷ⱘᰃ VGA᥻ࠊ῵ഫ˗ᴢ䴦䋳䋷 PicoBlaze໘⧚఼ Ϟⱘ䘏䕥᥻ࠊ䚼ߚ∛㓪ҷⷕⱘ㓪ݭ˗㗠䚅⷇䋳䋷 PS2 䬂Ⲭ᥹ষϢ PicoBlazeⱘ໪ೈ᥹ষ⬉䏃ˈҹঞᭈϾ㋏㒳ⱘᨁᓎDŽ䖭ḋ៥Ӏ೼ߚᎹ Ϟˈ䇗䆩Ϟ䛑᳝ᕜ໻ⱘӬ࢓DŽ ࡔc�㟈䇶 � ᛳ䇶ϔϾᄺᳳᴹ䚥㗕Ꮬ㒭៥Ӏخⱘ㊒ᔽ㗠ᅲ⫼ⱘ FPGAⱘ᭄ᄫ㋏㒳䲚 ៤ݙᆍⱘ䆆㾷˗ � ৠᯊгᛳ䇶⧁Ϟ޴ԡ݊Ҫ㒘ⱘৠᄺ㒭ќњ៥Ӏ㒘໻࡯ⱘ⹀ӊ੠䕃ӊϞ ⱘᬃᣕ˗ � ᳔ৢᔧ✊ᰃᛳ䇶៥Ӏⱘ↣ϔԡࡾ࡯Ҭߎⱘ៤ਬ ಶˈ㒧ড়԰ᠡᰃ៥Ӏᅠ៤ 䖭⃵ӏࡵⱘ᳔᳝࡯ⱘ℺఼DŽ