安娜卡列尼娜英文简介

TolstoywasborninSeptember,1928,hisfamilyTolstoyswereawell-knownfamilyofoldRussiannobility.Hewasthefourthchild.Tolstoyisamunluckyguy,parentsdiedwhenhewasyoung,soheandhissiblingswerebroughtupbyrelatives.In1844,hebeganstudyingatKazanUniversitymajorislawandorientallanguages.Histeachersdescribedhimas"bothunableandunwillingtolearn."Tolstoylefttheuniversityinthemiddleofhisstudies,returnedtohishometownYasnayaPolyanaandthenspentmuchofhistimeinMoscowandSaintPetersburg.In1851,hejoinedthearmyandbecomeasoldier,thereasonisnotthathewantedtobeasoldier,buthehadtorunupheavygamblingdebts.Inthisperiod,Itwasaboutthistimethathestartedwriting.Duringhisfirstvisit,TolstoywitnessedapublicexecutioninParis,atraumaticexperiencethatwouldmarktherestofhislife.HissecondvisitshapedbothhispoliticalandliterarydevelopmentwhenhemetVictorHugo,whoseliterarytalentsTolstoypraisedafterreadingHugo'snewlyfinishedLesMisérables.Tolstoy'spoliticalphilosophywasalsoinfluencedbythisvisittoFrenchanarchistPierre-JosephProudhon.In1862,TolstoymarriedtoSophiaAndreevnaBehrs,whowas16yearshisjuniorandthedaughterofacourtphysician.Theyhad13children,eightofwhomsurvivedchildhood.Inhisoldage,hemademanyfamouswork.Tolstoydiedin1910,attheageof82.Duringhislastfewdays,hehadspokenandwrittenaboutdying.Renouncinghisaristocraticlifestyle,hehadfinallygatheredthenervetoseparatefromhiswife,andlefthomeinthemiddleofWinter,inthedeadofnightandfinally,Tolstoydiedatatrainstation.Theworkisepicinscaleandisregardedasoneofthemostimportantworksofworldliterature.Thenovelthatmadeitsauthor"thetruelionoftheRussianliterature".ItisconsideredasTolstoy'sfinestliteraryachievement,alongwithhisothermajorprosework,AnnaKarenina.Widelyregardedasapinnacleinrealistfiction,TolstoyconsideredAnnaKareninahisfirsttruenovel.PlotintroductionAnnaKareninaisthetragicstoryofamarriedaristocrat andheraffairwiththeaffluentCountVronsky.Anna KareninaandVronsky first metatrailwaystation.Then,Vronskyisinfatuatedwithherandcrazilypursuedher.AnnaKareninaandVronskyfallinlovewitheachother.Abachelor,VronskyiseagertomarryherifshewouldagreetoleaveherhusbandKarenin,aseniorgovernmentofficial,butsheisvulnerabletothepressuresofRussiansocialnorms,themorallawsoftheRussianOrthodoxChurch,herowninsecurities,andKarenin'sindecision.AlthoughVro-skyandAnnagotoItaly,wheretheycanbetogether,theyhavetroublemakingfriends.BackinRussia,Annaisshunned,becomingfurtherisolatedandanxious.shegrowsincreasinglyparanoidabouthisimaginedinfidelity,fearslosingcontrolandeventuallycommitssuicidebythrowingherselfunderthecarriageofapassingtrain.AparallelstorywithinthenovelisofLevin,acountrylandownerwhodesirestomarryKitty.LevinhastoproposetwicebeforeKittyaccepts.ThenoveldetailsLevin'sdifficultiesmanaginghisestate,hiseventualmarriage,andpersonalissues,untilthebirthofhisfirstchild.CharactersanalysisAnnaiskind,sincereandpassionate.AnnaisaRussiamarriedaristocratwomanwhoisaffectedbybourgeoisideaanddisillusionbecauseoflove,andthenfightforindividualliberationin1970s.Annaisatragiccharacterwhoisrestrictedandkillebyfictitiousmoral.IndividualliberationisavividfeatureofAnna,sheisnottoleratedbyupperclassduetoapursetotruelove.Levinisaestatenobility,heisstrong,passionandeducated.Levinisarepresentationinthenoveloftheauthor,herepresenttheidealismofTolstoyatthatperiod.Levinworshipsfamilymoralprinciplesandethics,hegetsmarriedtoKittybasingonlove,andexperiencesthehappiness,anger,griefandjoyoffamily.Itisfullyshowsthatloveisfarfromthewholeoflife.Heishandsome,charming,andanofficerinaregimentofsoldiers.Hebelievesthathumanrelationshipsshouldbeamatterofpleasureratherthanamoralissue.Vronskyrepresentstheopenandrebelliouspeopleinthatperiod.Heisacoldfishandconservativeman.Hehasgotwealthandexcellentsocialandprofessionalconnections.Helivesaccordingtoastrictscheduleofeverything,andlackingasubstantialemotionallife.ThemajorthemesAnnaKareninaiscommonlythoughttoexplorethethemesofhypocrisy,jealousy,faith,fidelity,family,marriage,society,progress,carnaldesireandpassion,andtheagrarianconnectiontolandincontrasttothelifestylesofthecity.Levinisoftenconsideredasasemi-autobiographicalportrayalofTolstoy’sownbeliefs,strugglesandlifeevents.,theviewpointsLevinsupportsthroughoutthenovelinhisargumentsmatchTolstoy’soutspokenviewsonthesameissues.