高考英语语法主谓一致课件 (共34张PPT)

Subject-verbagreementAgreementAgreement1.HehasbeeninBeijingforthreeyearsandheoftenasksmeto_____thereforavisit,butactuallyIwishhimto_____backsometimes.A.come;goB.go;comeC.go;goD.come;comeB2.Tomhasbeentomanyothercountries,andso______hisbrotherandsister.A.isB.doC.hasD.haveD3.Betweenthetworowsoftrees_____theteachingbuilding.A.standB.standsC.standingD.areB4.–ShallIinviteTomtomyparty?–Yes,itwillbeniceifyou______.A.doB.inviteC.shallD.willA5.–Wouldyoucaremuchabouthiswords?–Ifyoudon’t,neither/nor______I.A.doB.don’tC.willD.won’tC6.When______,wateristurnedintovapor.A.heatB.heatingC.isheatedD.heatedD10.–Willyoujoinusinthediscussion?–I’llbe_____.A.gladB.gladtoC.gladtodoB11.–Wouldyouliketogoshoppingwithus?–Iprefer______.A.notB.nottoB7.Errors,if(thereare)any,shouldbecorrected.8.Pleasewritetomeasoftenas(itis)possible.12._____surprisedusverymuchthatourteacherleftwithoutaword.A.ThatB.WhatC.ItD.He13._____surprisedusverymuchisthatourteacherleftwithoutaword.A.ThatB.WhatC.ItD.He14._____we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.ThatB.ItC.WhetherD.WhatCBC15.–Ican’tfindMr.Smith.Wheredidyoumeethimthismorning?–Itwasinthehotel______hestayed.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theoneB16.–Hegothisfirstbookpublished.Itturnedouttobeabestseller.–Whenwas______?–____wasin2000whenhewasstillincollege.A.that;ThisB.this;ItC.it;ThisD.that;ItD18.Themoneythat_____beengiventoarghae-ologyclubsandgroupsthat_____ruinscouldbebetterspentonfeeding,clothingandhousingpoorpeopleallaroundtheworld.A.has;uncoversB.have;uncoversC.has;uncoverD.have;uncover17.Whataboutallthepeoplelivingintheworldwho_____nofoodtoeatandnoplacetolive(in)?A.hasB.haveCBSeeModule3Unit3Page51“主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、数上保持一致，即主语是复数，谓语也用复数形式，如are,were,have等，主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式，如：is,was,has,works等。一般语法书在具体处理一致关系时皆要求遵循以下三原则:语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。一、谓语动词为单数的情况A.Twentyyears____(is/are)onlyashorttimeinhumanhistory.B.Writingstoriesandarticles__(are/is)whathelikes.C.Whateverwasleft___(were/was)takenaway.D.Whenandwheretogofortheon-salaryholiday_______(have/has)notbeendecidedyet.(2003上海春季高考卷)1.表示时间、距离、金钱、长度、重量等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时。2.主语从句、动词不定式或(一个以上的)疑问词加不定式、动名词作主语时。一、谓语动词为单数的情况E.TheUnitedstatesare/ismadeupof50states.F.TheTimesis/areanewspaperfortheBritishgovernment.3.以-S结尾的单数名词，形复而意单，表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语时,如(news,physics,maths，politics)。4.akindof,apairof,thenumberof,oneandahalf作主语时.G.Oneandahalfapples__(is/are)leftonthetable.7.every…andevery…/each…andeach…/no…andno…,manya…andmanya…连接两个单数名词作主语。Everydeskandeverychairare/ismadeofwood.Manyaboyandgirlhas/havemadethesamemistake.H.Manyastudenthas/haveseenthefilm.I.Morethanonestudenthave/hasseenthefilm.6.manya/morethanone/each/every/either/neither做主语时8.由and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念或成对的名词，the+n+and+n如breadandbutter，sodaandwater，coffeeandmilk，knifeandfork等。Theworkerandwriterare/isfromWuhan.比较：Theworkerandthewriteris/arefromBeijing.(请总结这两题解题思路的区别)Breadandbutteris/areadailyfoodintheWest.Aknifeandforkis/areneeded.Warandpeaceis/areaconstantthemeinhistory.9.不定代词any(one,thing,body);some(one,thing,body);every(one,thing,body);no(one,thing,body);1).Someone_____(be)waitingforyou.2).Anybody_____(be)tobepunishedifhe/shebreakstheruleshere.3).Tomfeltthathekneweverybody’sbusinessbetterthantheyknewit______.A.oneselfB.themselvesC.himself4).Everybodymusthave______ownchoice.A.theirB.one’sC.ourisisBA二、谓语动词为复数的情况A.Thepoliceare/islookingforthemissingchild.B.Therichare/isnotalwayshappy.C.TheWhitesis/aregoingtomakeatriptoLondon.D.Theinjuredhas/havebeentakentohospital.people,police,cattle等形单而意复的集合名词作主语。2.the+adj./ed表示一类人；the+姓的复数形式表一家人做主语时。二、谓语动词为复数的情况E.TheOlympicGamesare/isheldonceeveryfouryears.F.Agroupofstudentsis/areabsentyesterday.3.由山脉、群岛、瀑布(falls)、运动会等s结尾的专有名词作主语。4.anumberof/quantitiesof/agroupof+名词作主语。三、谓语动词单、复数视情况而定1.集体名词class,family,army,team,club,crowd,audience,public,group,government,majority等作主语。强调整体用单数，指个个成员用复数。Hisfamily_____(is/are)agreatone.Hisfamily_____(is/are)musiclovers.2.means,works,sheep,fish,deer等单复数同形的词,根据主语表达的概念或其修饰语而定。Thesteelworksisnearthestation.Everymeans____triedoutwithoutanyresult.Allmeans_____triedoutwithoutanyresult.A.havebeenB.hasbeenisareBA3.“some/any/half/most/enough/part/therest/分数、百分数+of+名词”作主语,谓语动词要和of之后的名词单复数保持一致。Therestofthestudentsarewateringtrees.  Therestofthewinehasgonebad.            4.定语从句谓语动词的形式取决于其先行词的单复数。oneof+名词复数引导定语从句时，若one前有the,theonly,thevery修饰时，定语从句中谓语动词用单数，反之用复数。Heisoneofthefewpersonswho_____agoodknowledgeofItalian.A.hasB.haveHeistheonlyoneoftheboyswho____beengivenaprize.A.hasB.haveBA5.what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词有单复数两种形式：如：Whatweneed____(be)moretime.Whatheneed______(be)books.6.代词what,who,which,all,most,more,rest等作主语时，根据其所指代的意义确定其谓语动词的单复数形式：All____(be)hereandall___(be)ready!What____(be)wrongwithyou?What____(be)thenamesofthebooksonthedesk?isareareisisare四.就近一致原则由or,either…or,neither…nor,not…but,notonly…butalso等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常和靠近的作主语的名词有单复数上保持一致。NotonlyhebutalsoI____(is/are/am)invited.Neithermyglovesnormyhat____(go/goes)withthedress.但注意：“with/alongwith/togetherwith/including/but/not/except/like/aswellas/nomorethan/ratherthan+名词”置于主语后，谓语动词一般仍和前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。Theteacherwithanumberofstudents___(be)intheclassroom.Nobodybutthestudents_____(be)ontheplayground.Onlythestudents______(be)ontheplayground.isamgoesisare谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致?WeChinese____ahard-workingpeople．A．isB．areC．isbeingD．arebeing此题应选B。这里应注意的是：我们通常说的是主谓一致（即谓语与主语保持一致），而不是表谓一致（即不是谓语与表语一致），本题意为：我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族。历年高考题选粹1.Onthewall______twolargeportraits.A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.hanging2.“Newsofvictories_____pouringinasourarmyadvances,”thecompanycommandersaid.A.keepB.keepsC.keptD.havekept3.There_____alotofmilkinthebottle.A.areB.isC.wereD.has4.Zhang’sfamily____ratherbig,withtwelvepeopleinall.A.isB.areC.beingD.was5.NobodybutJane____thesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown6.Allbutone_____herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were7.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks____tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered8.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary__tiredofhavingoneexamafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.be9.Thenumberofpeopleinvited____fifty,butanumberofthem____absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were10.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory_____yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided一．用所给词的适当形式填空1.  Heradvice_______usefultome.(be)2.  Everyone_______TomandMarywillgetmarriednextmonth.(know)3.  Nothing______beendonetostopthelakefrombeingpolluted.(have)4.  Eitheroftherooms____bigenough.(be)5.  Morethanoneperson_____killedintheaccident.(be)6.  Morequestionsthanone_______beenasked.(have)7.  Apoorwomantogetherwithherfourchildren______foundbegginginthestreet.(be)isknowshasiswashavewas9.  Theprofessor,includingallofhisstudents______goneabroad.(have)10.  Twohours_____enoughforustofinishthework.(be)11.  Onehundreddollarsamonth_____notahighpay.(be)12.  ArabianNights_____abookpopularwiththeyoungchildren.(be)13.  Politics_______noteasyforthestudentstolearnwell.(be)14.  Theyouth______fondofrock’nrollmusic.(be)15.  Fiftytonsofcoal_______wastedinthefactorylastyear.(be)16.  Alargequantityofnewmachines_______beenboughtbythefactorythisyear.(have)hasisisisisarewerehave17.  Collectingstampsandplayingtheguitar_____myhobbies.18.  Eachboyandeachgirl______tofinishtheworkontime.(be)19.  Whattheyneeded_____somewater.(be)20.  Nearly60percentofthestudentsinourclass____boys.(be)21.  Morethantwothirdsofthesurfaceoftheearth___coveredbywater.(be)22.  Neithermyparentsnormysister_______knownthesecret.(have)23.  There___somewaterandstonesinthebottle.(be) areisisareishasis二．对比选择填空：1．a.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentsthat_______gotfullmark.b.Heisoneofthestudentsthat______gotfullmake.A.isB.areC.hasD.have2.a.Threefourthsoftheteacherspresent_____againsttheplan.b.Threefourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth______coveredwithwater.A.isB.areC.wasD.were3.a.Thefamoussingeranddancer____ourpartythisevening.b.Thefamoussingerandthefamousdancer_____ourpartythisevening.A.aregoingtoattendB.wastoattendC.weretoattendD.isgoingtoattendCDBADA4.a.Anumberofstudents____fromthecountry.b.Thenumberofstudents_____900.A.isB.areC.hasD.have5.a.Whereandwhentohavetheparty_____notbeendecidedyet.b.WhatIsayandthink_____nothingtodowithyou.A.isB.hasC.areD.have6.a.Manyaboy______thiskindofbicycle.b.Manyboys______thiskindofbicycle.A.likeB.likes7.a.Allbutone________herenow.b.Thereisnothingunusual.All_____goingwell.A.hasB.isC.haveD.areBABBBADB8.a.Whatshewants____moretime.b.Whatshewants____moresheep.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are9.a.Icanworkouttwoofthefiveproblems,buttherest______toodifficultforme.b.Ihavefinishedonethirdoftheworkandtherest_____leftforyou.A.isB.areC.hasD.have10.a.Thepopulationofthesmallcountry_____600,000.b.Twothirdsofthepopulationinthissmallcountry____farmers.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are11.a.Thebasketballteam______bathsnow.b.Thebasketballteam______5members.A.hasB.ishavingC.arehavingD.haveCDBACDCA12.a.Myfamily________verysmall.b.Thefamily______sittingroundthetablenow.A.isB.wereC.wasD.are13.a.EitheryouorI______goingtotheteacher’sofficeafterclass.b.______eitheryouorIgoingtotheteacher’sofficeafterclass?A.isB.areC.amD.has14.a.Theyeach______anewEnglish-Chinesedictionary.b.Eachofthem______anewEnglish-Chinesedictionary.A.hasB,haveC.isD.are15.a.Ascientistandsomeofhisassistants_____tohelptodothework.b.Ascientist,aswellassomeofhisassistants,____tohelptodothework.A.sentB.sendC.weresentD.wassentADCCBACD15.a.There___amagazine,afewlettersandsomenewspapersonthetable.b.There___afewletters,amagazineandsomenewspaperonthetable.A.isB.areC.haveD.has16.a.Eitherofthestreet______linedbytreesandflowers.b.Bothofthestreet_______linedbytreesandflowers.A.isB.areC.haveD.has17.a.Allthatheneeds________moretimeandmoney.b.Allthatheneeds________morenaturalresources.A.isB.areC.haveD.hasABABAB18.a.Therestofthestudentsintheschool____goingtostayatschool.b.Therestofhisincome_______togivetohismother.A.isB.areC.wasD.were19.a.Thesheepthathehasraised_____whiteones.b. Thesheepheisgoingtogivetohisson_______ayoungone.A.isB.areC.haveD.hasBABAThankyouforYourkindattentionandguidance!