NTC负温度系数热敏电阻工作原理

NTC负温度系数热敏电阻工作原理 NTC是Negative Temperature Coefficient 的缩写，意思是负的温度系数，泛指负温度系数很大的半导体材料或元器件，所谓NTC热敏电阻器就是负温度系数热敏电阻器。它是以锰、钴、镍和铜等金属氧化物为主要材料， 采用陶瓷 工艺 钢结构制作工艺流程车尿素生产工艺流程自动玻璃钢生产工艺2工艺纪律检查制度q345焊接工艺规程 制造而成的。这些金属氧化物材料都具有半导体性质，因为在导电方式上完全类似锗、硅等半导体材料。温度低时，这些氧化物材料的载流子(电子和孔穴)数目少，所以其电阻值较高;随着温度的升高，载流子数目增加，所以电阻值降低。NTC热敏电阻器在室温下的变化范围在10O~1000000欧姆，温度系数-2%~-6.5%。NTC热敏电阻器可NTC热敏电阻器广泛用于测温、控温、温度补偿等方面( NTC负温度系数热敏电阻构成 NTC(Negative Temperature Coefficient)是指随温度上升电阻呈指数关系减小、具有负温度系数的热敏电阻现象和材料(该材料是利用锰、铜、硅、钴、铁、镍、锌等两种或两种以上的金属氧化物进行充分混合、成型、烧结等工艺而成的半导体陶瓷，可制成具有负温度系数(NTC)的热敏电阻(其电阻率和材料常数随材料成分比例、烧结气氛、烧结温度和结构状态不同而变化(现在还出现了以碳化硅、硒化锡、氮化钽等为代表的非氧化物系NTC热敏电阻材料( NTC热敏半导瓷大多是尖晶石结构或其他结构的氧化物陶瓷，具有负的温度系数，电阻值可近似表示为: 式中RT、RT0分别为温度T、T0时的电阻值，Bn为材料常数(陶瓷晶粒本身由于温度变化而使电阻率发生变化，这是由半导体特性决定的( [1]NTC负温度系数热敏最重要的性能是寿命 长寿命NTC热敏电阻，是对NTC热敏电阻认识的提升，强调电阻寿命的重要性。NTC热敏电阻最重要的是寿命，在经得起各种高精度、高灵敏度、高可靠、超高温、高压力考验后，它仍很长时间稳定工作。 寿命是NTC热敏电阻的一个重要性能，与精度、灵敏度等其他参数存在辩证关系。一个NTC电阻产品，必须首先长寿命，才能保证其他性能的发挥;而其他性能的优秀，依赖到生产工艺达到一定技术水平，这让NTC的长寿命变成可能。 很多高科技电子产品，在超高温、超高压及其他恶劣条件下，需要热敏电阻发挥稳定的控温、测温功能，多数厂家一味追求NTC热敏电阻的精度、灵敏度、漂移值等常规性能的稳定发挥，忽视了电阻的寿命，导致因NTC无法长时间工作而影响电子产品的使用。如此一来，所有的精度、灵敏度、耐高温等等，都变得没有意义。 NTC负温度系数热敏电阻历史 NTC热敏电阻器的发展经历了漫长的阶段(1834年，科学家首次发现了硫化银有负温度系数的特性(1930年，科学家发现氧化亚铜-氧化铜也具有负温度系数的性能，并将之成功地运用在航空仪器的温度补偿电路中(随后，由于晶体管技术的不断发展，热敏电阻器的研究取得重大进展(1960年研制出了NTC热敏电阻器( NTC负温度系数热敏电阻温度范围 它的测量范围一般为-10,+300?，也可做到-200,+10?，甚至可用于+300,+1200?环境中作测温用( 负温度系数热敏电阻器温度计的精度可以达到0.1?，感温时间可少至10s以下(它不仅适用于粮仓测温仪，同时也可应用于食品储存、医药卫生、科学种田、海洋、深井、高空、冰川等方面的温度测量( 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the NTC特性曲线图 [2] NTC特性曲线图 宝典编辑 说明 《NTC热敏电阻宝典》是行业内第一本专业的电子书籍，其 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 包含NTC热敏电阻所涉及到的各种知识，是从业人员必不可少的工具书。具体内容如下: 简介 NTC热敏电阻的工作原理、种类、符号表示、型号表示、引线介绍、专业术语详解。 选型要求 如何在实际应用中确定需要的NTC热敏电阻类型、应用环境、精度、灵敏度、稳定性、线性范围。 实际应用 NTC热敏电阻在红酒瓶塞读温度、智能马桶、冷却液温度传感器的应用。 技术操作 [3]如何进行简单的NTC热敏电阻阻值测试及可靠性测试 专业术语编辑 NTC负温度系数热敏电阻专业术语 零功率电阻值 RT(Ω) RT指在规定温度 T 时，采用引起电阻值变化相对于总的测量误差来说可以忽略不计的测量功率测得的电阻值。 电阻值和温度变化的关系式为: 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the RT = RN expB(1/T – 1/TN) RT : 在温度 T ( K )时的 NTC 热敏电阻阻值。 RN : 在额定温度 TN ( K )时的 NTC 热敏电阻阻值。 T : 规定温度( K )。 B : NTC 热敏电阻的材料常数，又叫热敏指数。 exp: 以自然数e 为底的指数( e = 2.71828 …)。 该关系式是经验公式，只在额定温度 TN 或额定电阻阻值 RN 的有限范围内才具有一定的精确度，因为材料常数B 本身也是温度 T 的函数。 额定零功率电阻值 R25 (Ω) 根据国标规定，额定零功率电阻值是 NTC 热敏电阻在基准温度 25 ? 时测得的电阻值 R25，这个电阻值就是NTC 热敏电阻的标称电阻值。通常所说 NTC 热敏电阻多少阻值，亦指该值。 材料常数(热敏指数) B 值( K ) B 值被定义为: RT1 : 温度 T1 ( K )时的零功率电阻值。 RT2 : 温度 T2 ( K )时的零功率电阻值。 T1、T2 :两个被指定的温度( K )。 对于常用的 NTC 热敏电阻， B 值范围一般在 2000K , 6000K 之间。 零功率电阻温度系数(αT ) 在规定温度下， NTC 热敏电阻零动功率电阻值的相对变化与引起该变化的温度变化值之比值。 αT : 温度 T ( K )时的零功率电阻温度系数。 RT : 温度 T ( K )时的零功率电阻值。 T : 温度( T )。 B : 材料常数。 耗散系数(δ) 在规定环境温度下， NTC 热敏电阻耗散系数是电阻中耗散的功率变化与电阻体相应的温度变化之比值。 δ: NTC 热敏电阻耗散系数，( mW/ K )。 ? P : NTC 热敏电阻消耗的功率( mW )。 ? T : NTC 热敏电阻消耗功率? P 时，电阻体相应的温度变化( K )。 热时间常数(τ) 在零功率条件下， 当温度突变时， 热敏电阻的温度变化了始未两个温度差的 63.2% 时所需的时间，热时间常数与 NTC 热敏电阻的热容量成正比，与其耗散系数成反比。 τ:热时间常数( S )。 C: NTC 热敏电阻的热容量。 δ: NTC 热敏电阻的耗散系数。 额定功率Pn 在规定的技术条件下，热敏电阻器长期连续工作所允许消耗的功率。在此功率下，电阻体自身温度不超过其最高工作温度。 最高工作温度Tmax 在规定的技术条件下，热敏电阻器能长期连续工作所允许的最高温度。即: T0-环境温度。 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the 测量功率Pm 热敏电阻在规定的环境温度下，阻体受测量电流加热引起的阻值变化相对于总的 测量误差来说可以忽略不计时所消耗的功率。 一般要求阻值变化大于0.1%，则这时的测量功率Pm为: 电阻温度特性 NTC热敏电阻的温度特性可用下式近似表示: 式中: RT:温度T时零功率电阻值。 A:与热敏电阻器材料物理特性及几何尺寸有关的系数。 B:B值。 T:温度(k)。 更精确的表达式为: 式中: RT:热敏电阻器在温度T时的零功率电阻值。 T:为绝对温度值，K; A、B、C、D:为特定的常数。 NTC负温度系数热敏电阻R-T特性 B 值相同， 阻值不同的 R-T 特性曲线示意图 相同阻值，不同B值的NTC热敏电阻R-T特性曲线示意图 温度测量、控制用NTC热敏电阻器 外形结构 环氧封装系列NTC热敏电阻 玻璃封装系列NTC热敏电阻 应用电路原理图 温度测量(惠斯登电桥电路) 温度控制 应用设计 电子温度计、电子万年历、电子钟温度显示、电子礼品; 冷暖设备、加热恒温电器; 汽车电子温度测控电路; 温度传感器、温度仪表; 医疗电子设备、电子盥洗设备; 手机电池及充电电器。 参数选择 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the 词条图册更多图册 ? 词条图片(5张) 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the 供应 NTC 负温度传器 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the 2010-11-11 11:18:17| 分类: 产品说明书 | 标签:温度传感器 ntc |举报 |字号大中小 订阅 品牌 坦泌秋尔 型号 NTC 类型 传感器 测量范围 ,50~+250(?) 输出信号 数字型 种类 温度 型号:NTC 应用: NTC传感器主要使用在民用电器上的测量温度的器件。是负温度混测量装置，安装极其 方便，可以轻易的嵌入装置内。 说明: NTC图片参见PT100及PT1000，外观可根据客户需要做成任意形状。 温度传感器 - 冷藏冷冻用 ? 电阻值 R25 = 15kΩ?2% ? B值 B25/50 = 3350K?1% ? 热时间常数(空气中) τ = 30sec. ? 使用温度范围 -40?~85? 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the 温度传感器 - 空调用 ? 电阻值 R25 = 10kΩ?1% ? B值 B25/50 = 3934K?1% ? 热时间常数(空气中) τ = 6sec. ? 使用温度范围 -30?~100? 温度传感器 - 空调用 ? 电阻值 R25 = 10kΩ?1% ? B值 B25/50 = 3452K?1% ? 热时间常数(空气中) τ = 8sec. ? 使用温度范围 -30?~100? 温度传感器 - 空调用 ? 电阻值 R25 = 5kΩ?1% ? B值 B25/50 = 3934K?1% ? 热时间常数(空气中) τ = 50sec. ? 使用温度范围 -30?~100? 温度传感器 - 空调用 ? 电阻值 R25 = 5kΩ?1% ? B值 B25/50 = 3452K?1% ? 热时间常数(空气中) τ = 50sec. ? 使用温度范围 -30?~100? 其他 产品外型 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the 特点: 根据用途采用不同的封装结构,使用温区宽,高稳定、高可靠性 应用范围: 冰箱、空调器,热水器、整体浴室,各种小家电 外型尺寸: 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the 规格说明: 产品规格: 耗散系数 时间常数 绝缘电阻 耐电压 规 格 (S) (V) (mW/?C) (MΩ) KLP系列 静止空气中?2 ?15空气中 ?1000系列 AC1500/MIN KLC系列 静止空气中?2 ?15空气中 ?1000系列 AC1500/MIN KLE系列 静止空气中?2 ?15净温水中 ?1000系列 AC1500/MIN 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the