高楼逃生器毕业设计
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毕业设计(论文)
高楼火灾逃生器设计
Design of Escape Machine from High-rise for
Fire
学生姓名
学院名称 浙江海洋学院
专业名称 机械设计制作及其自动化
指导教师
2014年 01月 15日
摘要
随着世界人口的不断攀升,以及人口不断向城市聚集化的发展,城市中的高楼大厦也在不断的刷新着记录。与此同时相应的一些自然灾害的发生,也给高楼的安全性带来了新的考验。特别是一些比较已发生和破坏范围比较广的突发性灾害,比如火灾。对于人口密度较大的高楼来说是一种非常致命的威胁。当发生火灾时,一般伴随着的是电力系统的崩溃,这个时候就需要一种依靠自身动能,不收外界影响的应急逃生手段来拯救人们的生命财产安全。在人们更多的热衷于应用各种高科技现代化的先进技术进行研究安全保障的同时,却逐渐忽略了最安全、最原始和最有效的逃生手段,即纯机械式的自动力的才是最安全的。
本次毕业设计首先介绍了有关高楼逃生装置的背景和研究意义,以及国内外最新的研究成果。同时对一些市场上现有的高楼逃生装置进行了调研和分析,并着重研究了工作原理和工作状态,发现绝大多数的逃生装置具有费用贵、结构复杂、安全性能低、重复使用率低等不足之处。本次毕业设计根据机械创新的思想,设计出了一种根据负反馈闭环系统的高楼逃生机构。这种机构具有成本低、易操作、安全性能高、纯机械动作、可重复利用等特点。同时通过对设计机构的零部件进行了分析计算,并根据计算设计出了整个机构的图纸。同时通过多次的试验和计算之后,确定了能够适应于小孩和老人的装置,都能够安全达到地面,达到了本次设计的目的。
关键词: 高楼逃生器;机械创新理论;往复
I
Abstract
II
As the world's population is rising, and the population continuously to the development of urban agglomeration, high-rise buildings in the city also is constantly refresh the record. At the same time the corresponding some natural disasters, also brought new test to the safety of buildings. Especially, some have been more widely and damage of sudden disasters, such as a fire. For larger population density of tall buildings is a very deadly threat. When a fire is usually accompanied by the collapse of the power system, this time you need an rely on its own momentum, no outside influence emergency evacuation to save people's life and property safety. When people are more keen to apply various high-tech modern advanced technology to research the security at the same time, but ignored the safest, most of the original and the most effective means of escape, the pure mechanical since the power is the most safe.
The graduation design firstly introduces the background and research significance about high-rise escape device, at home and abroad and the latest research results. To some existing buildings to escape device on the market at the same time has carried on the investigation and analysis, and emphatically studies the working principle and working status, found that the vast majority of escape device is expensive, complex structure, low safety and low repetition utilization deficiency. The graduation design according to the ideas of the mechanical innovation, devised a according to the feedback of the closed-loop system high-rise escape mechanism. The agency has low cost, easy operation, safety performance is high, the pure mechanical action, reusable, etc. At the same time, through the design organization parts are analyzed, and according to the calculation design drawings of the agencies. At the same time through many times of experiment and calculation, determine device that can adapt to in children and the elderly, can safely to the ground, achieved the purpose of this design.
Keywords: Hige-rise escape machine ; Machinery innovation theory
Reciprocating
目 录
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摘要.................................................................................................................................................. I
Abstract.......................................................................................................................................... II
1 绪论........................................................................................................... 错误~未定义书签。 1.1 设计背景及意义................................................................................. 错误~未定义书签。 1.2 国内外研究概况................................................................................ 错误~未定义书签。 1.3 高楼火灾逃生器的实例.................................................................... 错误~未定义书签。 1.3.1 内凸轮式高楼火灾逃生器........................................................... 错误~未定义书签。 1.3.2 涡轮蜗杆式高楼火灾逃生器..................................................... 错误~未定义书签。 1.3.3 钢丝绳防滑逃生装置................................................................. 错误~未定义书签。 1.3.4 心摩擦式高楼火灾安全逃生器................................................. 错误~未定义书签。 2 整体
方案
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设计........................................................................................... 错误~未定义书签。 2.1 方案构设............................................................................................ 错误~未定义书签。 2.1.1 方案一......................................................................................... 错误~未定义书签。 2.1.2 方案二......................................................................................... 错误~未定义书签。 2.1.3 方案三......................................................................................... 错误~未定义书签。 2.2 方案的比较与选择............................................................................ 错误~未定义书签。 3 装置零部件设计....................................................................................... 错误~未定义书签。 3.1 轴的设计............................................................................................ 错误~未定义书签。 3.1.1 轴的概述..................................................................................... 错误~未定义书签。 3.1.2 主动轴的设计............................................................................. 错误~未定义书签。 3.1.3 从动轴的设计............................................................................. 错误~未定义书签。 3.2 齿轮的设计........................................................................................ 错误~未定义书签。 3.2.1 齿轮的概述................................................................................. 错误~未定义书签。 3.2.2 齿面接触疲劳强度和齿根弯曲强度设计................................. 错误~未定义书签。 3.3 棘轮的设计........................................................................................ 错误~未定义书签。 3.3.1 棘轮的概述................................................................................. 错误~未定义书签。 3.3.2 棘轮的设计................................................................................. 错误~未定义书签。 3.4 其他零部件的设计选择.................................................................... 错误~未定义书签。 3.4.1 标准件的选择............................................................................. 错误~未定义书签。 3.4.2 安全座椅的选择......................................................................... 错误~未定义书签。 3.4.3 挂钩的设计................................................................................. 错误~未定义书签。 4 计算和验证............................................................................................... 错误~未定义书签。 4.1 静力学平衡计算................................................................................ 错误~未定义书签。 4.2 绕绳的计算........................................................................................ 错误~未定义书签。
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4.3 速度计算............................................................................................ 错误~未定义书签。 结论............................................................................................................... 错误~未定义书签。 致谢............................................................................................................... 错误~未定义书签。 参考文献....................................................................................................... 错误~未定义书签。
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