英语词汇学第九单元测试1(附答案)

英语词汇学第九单元测试1(附 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 )C9Test-1I.Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatement.1.consistofsetphrasesandshortsentences.A.Proverbs            B.ColloquialismsC.Slangwords          D.Idioms2.Beingphrasesorsentences, idiomsconsistofmorethanwordbuteachisasemanticunity.A.one              B.twoC.three             D.four3.Unlikefreephrases,thestructureofanidiomistoalargeextent.A.changeable          B.unchangeableC.unstable            D.unfixed4.Thefixityofidiomsdependsonthe.A.idiomaticity          B.structureC.grammaticality         D.style5.Idiomsaregenerallyfelttobe.A.formal            B.intimateC.casual             D.informal6.occasionallyoccursinproverbsant{sayings,whereonlyapartofthemisusedinsteadofthewhole.A.Metonymy           B.SynecdocheC.Shortening           D.Dismembering7.isnotthecharacteristicsofidioms.A.Expressiveness         B.ComplicationC.Vividness           D.Terseness8.idiomsarecharacterizedbysemanticandstructuralstability.A.Allthe           B.FewC.None            D.Notallthe9.Thefiguresofspeechofidiomsincludethefollowingexcept.A.simile             B.metaphorC.metonymy           D.juxtaposition10.Idiomsmanifestapparentrhetoricalcolouringwhichexcludes.A.lexicalmanipulation     B.stylisticmanipulationC.phoneticmanipulation    D.figuresofspeech11.Intermsofcomplexityofsentences,sentenceidiomscanbedividedintothreetypesexcept.A.compoundsentence      B.imperativesentenceC.simplesentence       D.complexsentence12.Intheidiom,"Failureisthemotherofsuccess,"isused.A.simile            B.metonymyC.personification        D.synecdoche13.Inabroadsense,idiomsmayinclude.A.slangexpressions       B.colloquialismsC.catchphrases         D.alltheabove14.Anidiomcontainsatleastwords.A.one             B.twoC.three             D.four15.Alargeproportionofidiomswerefirstcreatedby.A.linguists            B.poetsC.rulingclass          D.workingpeople16.Idiomsadverbialinnaturefunctionas.A.adjectives          B.wordsC.adverbs           D.verbs17.Formsandfunctionsofidiomsare.A.different          B.identicalC.notnecessarilyidentical    D.notidenticalatall18.Intheidiom“makeupapurse”isused.A.synecdoche         B.personificationC.metaphor          D.simile19.Offivegroupsofidioms,arethelargestgroup.A.idiomsnominalinnatureB.idiomsadjectivalinnatureC.idiomsverbalinnatureE.idiomsadverbialinnature20.Idiomsnominalinnaturefunctionas.A.subjects           B.nounsC.modifiers           D.adjectives21.Theidiom“playfastandloose”isasrhetoricalcolouring.A.rhyme            B.alliterationC.reiteration          D.juxtaposition22.“upanddown”isasrhetoricalcolouring.A.rhyme            B.alliterationC.reiteration          D.juxtaposition23.Accordingtothecriterionofgrammaticalfunctions,idiomsmaybeclassifiedintogroups.A.two             B.threeC.four             D.five24.Idon'tknowwhatwillbecomeofhimafterthewar.“becomeof”means.A.suit         B.happento,ofteninahadwayC.hinder        D.begintobe25.isusedintheidiom“fallintogoodhands”.A.Metonymy           B.SynecdocheC.Metaphor           D.Personification26.Theidiom“screamandshout”is.A.alliteration          B.reiterationC.rhyme            D.juxtaposition27.Slangexpressionsareoftenpeculiartoandvarieties.A.cultural,social       B.professional,culturaC.social,regional       D.stylistic,affective28.Occasionally,wemayfindchangesinconstituentsofidioms:addition,,replacement,shortening,position-shifting,,etc.A.analogy,reiteration     B.juxtaposition,repetitionC.deletion,dismembering   D.alliteration,duplication29.Thestylisticfeaturesofidiomsinclude.A.colloquialism         B.slangC.literaryexpressions      D.alltheabove30.Thesemanticunityofidiomsisalsoreflectedintherelationshipbetweentheliteralmeaningofeachwordandthemeaningoftheidiom.A.logical           B.lexicalC.illogical           D.grammaticalII.Completethefollowingstatementswithproperwordsorexpressionsaccordingtothecoursebook.1.Idiomsconsistofsetphrasesand.2.Strictlyspeaking,idiomsareexpressionsthatarenotreadilyunderstandablefromtheirmeaningofindividualelements.3.Inasense,idiomsmayincludecolloquialisms,catchphrases,slangexpressions,proverbs,etc.4.Beingphrasesorsentences,idiomseachconsistofmorethanonewordbuteachisa.5.Thesemanticunityofidiomsisalsoreflectedintherelationshipbetweentheliteralmeaningofeachwordandthemeaningoftheidiom.6.Unlikefreephrases,thestructureofidiomistoalargeextent.7.Thefixityofidiomsdependsonthe.8.idiomsaremainlyproverbsandsayings,includingcolloquialismsandcatchphrases.9.Asfarassentenceareconcerned,sentenceidiomsembracedeclarative,interrogative,imperativeandexclamativesentences.10.Intermsofsentenceidiomscanbefurtherdividedintosimple,compoundandcomplexsentences.11.Formsandfunctionsofidiomsarenotnecessarily.12.Idiomsaregenerallyfelttobeandsomearecolloquialismsandslang.13.Thesameidiommayshowdifferenceswhenitisassigneddifferentmeanings.14.Apartfromthestylisticfeatures,idiomsmanifestapparentcolouringinsuchrespectsasofphoneticmanipulation,lexicalmanipulationandfiguresofspeech.15.Structuralstabilityofidiomsisnot.16.Characterizedbysemanticunityandstability,idiomsdonotallowchangesasarule.17.Whenidiomsareusedinactualcontext,theydoexperiencechangessuchasdifferentformsofverbs,agreementofpersonalpronounsandnumberantisoon.18.Insomeidioms,aconstituentmaybereplacedbyawordofthesame,resultinginsynonymousorantonymousidioms.19.Insomeidioms,someconstituentscanbeaddedordeleted,whichdoesnotaffecttheoftheidioms.20.Thepositionsofcertainconstituentsinsomeidiomscanbeshiftedwithoutanychangein.21.occasionallyoccursinproverbsandsayings,whereonlyapartofthemisusedinsteadofthewhole.22.Thestructuresofidiomsverbalinnaturearequitecomplexandthuscanbesubdividedintophrasalverbsand.23.Thestudyofidiomsisnotjusttoknowwhichareidiomsandwhicharenot,butalsotounderstandthemcorrectlyincontextandusethemproperlyinproduction.24.Thesameidiommayshowdifferenceswhenitisassigneddifferentmeanings.25.Reiterationisofsynonyms.26.Thefigureofspeechin"newbroom"is.27.referstoidiomsinwhichthenameofonethingisusedforthatofanotherassociatedwithit.28.Bothmetonymyandinvolvesubstitutionofnames.29.Thesubstitutionofonepartforthewholeorviceversaiscalled.30.Whenidiomsareusedinactualcontext,theydoexperiencegrammaticalchangessuchasdifferentofverbs,agreementofpersonalpronounsandnumberandsoon.III.MatchthewordsorexpressionsinColumnAwiththoseinColumnBaccordingto①featuresofidioms;②variationsofidioms;③sentencetypesofidiomsand④classificationofidioms.A            B1.fleshandblood        A.shortening2.Artislong,lifeisshort.     B.euphemism3.Neverdothingsbyhalves.    C.metonymy4.make[cut]afigure      D.metaphor5.behind[the]bars       E.reiteration6.Theleopard!Buthedid     F.idiomnominalinnaturechangethem.7.fromstarttofinish       G.synecdoche8.tossandturn         H.idiomadjectivalinnature9.jackofalltrades(=JackofallI.additionordeletiontradesandmasterofnone.)10.inthecradle         J.compound11.sail(=ship)         K.verbphrase12.sleeparound         L.replacement13.yearinandyearout      M.alliteration14.givesb.thesack       N.imperative15.flattire(=boringperson)   O.dismembering16.beyondthepale       P.repetition17.pickandchoose       Q.juxtaposition18.Alittlepotissoonhot.     R.idiomadverbialinnature19.putdownto         S.rhyme20.innothingflat        T.phrasalverbIV.Studythefollowingwordsorexpressionsandidentify①featuresofidioms;②variationsofidioms;③sentencetypesofidiomsand④classificationofidioms.1.powderone'snose                    (  )2.suchandsuch                      (  )3.hitormiss                       (  )4.adarkhorse                       (  )5.earnone'sbread                     (  )6.Failuristhemotherofsuccess.               (  )7.cometopass                       (  )8.bigwheel                        (  )9.cancerstick                       (  )10.Allisnotgoldthatglitters.                 (  )11.sumandsubstance                    (  )12.oddsandends                      (  )13.Thekettleisboiling.                   (  )14.thelaststraw(=Itisthelaststrawthatbreaksthecamel'sback.) (  )15.take[lose]heart                    (  )16.forgood[andall]                    (  )17.giveleg-bail                      (  )18.getawaywith                      (  )19.callitaday                       (  )20.Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.          (  )V.Definethefollowingterms.1.idioms            2.semanticunityofidioms3.structuralstabilityofidioms  4.sentenceidioms5.stylisticfeaturesofidioms   6.rhetoricalfeatures7.metonymy            8.synecdoche9.replacement           10.additionordeletion11.position-shifting        12.shorteningofidioms13.dismembering         14.phrasalverbs15.verbphrases         16.trueidioms17.idiomsofregularcombinations18.semi-idiomsVI.Answerthefollowingquestions.Youranswersshouldbeclearandshort.Writeyouranswersinthespacegiven.1.Whatarethecharacteristicsofidioms?2.Whataredifferencesbetweenfreephrasesandidioms?3.Howareidiomsclassifiedaccordingtogrammaticalfunctions?4.Whatarethestylisticfeaturesofidioms?5.Whataretherhetoricalfeaturesofidioms.'?6.Whatchangesmayoccurinidiomsoccasionally?VI.Analyzeandcommentonthefollowing.Writeyouranswersinthespacegivenbelow.1.Lookathim.He'ssleepinglikealog.Pickouttheidiominthesentence,thenpointoutitsstructure,grammaticalfunctionandfigureofspeech.2.Formanydays,Ilookedhereandtheretotrytofindanecklacethatlookedthesameasthelostone,butfailedtofindit.Pickouttheidiominthesentence,thenpointoutitsstructure,grammaticalfunctionsandrhetoricalfeatures.3.Thesuddendeathofhisonlychildwasaboltfromthebluetotheoldwoman.Pickouttheidiominthesentence.Explainitsmeaning,effect,grammaticalstructureandfunctions,andrhetoricalfeatures.4.make[pulloff]agreatcoupInthegivenidiom,“makeagreatcoup”and"pulloffagreatcoup"arebothright.Whatvariationofidiomsdoesthisbelongto?Isthevariationagainstthecharacteristicsofidioms?Commentonthisvariation.答案：I.1.D   2.A   3.B   4.A   5.D6.C   7.B   8.D   9.D   10.B11.B   12.C   13.D   14.B   15.D16.C   17.C   18.A   19.C   20.B21.D   22.D   23.D   24.B   25.B26.B   27.C   28.C   29.D   30.CII.Completethefollowingstatementswithproperwordsorexpressionsaccordingtothecoursebook.1.shortsentences     2.literal3.broad         4.semanticunity5.illogical        6.unchageable7.idiomaticity      8.Sentence9.types         10.complexity11.identical       12.informal13.stylistic       14.rhetorical15.absolute        16.structural17.grammatical      18.partofspeech19meaning       20.meaning21Shortening      22.verbphrases23actual        24.stylistic25duplication      26.metaphor27Metonymy       28.synecdoche29synecdoche      30.formsIII.MatchthewordsorexpressionsinColumnAwiththoseinColumnBaccordingto① featuresofidioms;②variationsofidioms;③sentencetypesofidiomsand④classificationofidioms.1.F   2.J    3.N   4.L   5.I6.O   7.Q   8.M   9.A   10.C11.G   12.B   13.P   14.K   15.D16.H   17.E   18.S   19.T   20.RIV.Studythefollowingwordsorexpressionsandidentify①featuresofidioms;②variationsofidioms;③sentencetypesofidiomsand④classificationofidioms.1.euphemism      2.repetition3.juxtaposition      4.metaphor5.synecdoche      6.personification7.literaryexpression   8.colloquialism9.slang         10.complex/sentenceidiom11.alliteration      12.reiteration13.metonymy       14.shortening15.replacement      16.additionordeletion17.euphemism/metaphor 18.idiomverbalinnature19.verbphrase      20.simple/declarativesentenceidiomV.Definethefollowingterms.l.Idiomsconsistofsetphrasesandshortsentences,whicharepeculiartothelanguageinquestionandloadedwiththenativeculturesandideas.Strictlyspeaking,idiomsareexpressionsthatarenotreadilyunderstandablefromtheirliteralmeaningsofindividualelements.Inabroadsense,idiomsmayincludecolloquialisms,catchphrases,slangexpressions,proverbs,etc.2.Thoughthevariouswordswhichmakeuptheidiomhavetheirrespectiveliteralmeanings,intheidiomtheyhavelosttheirindividualidentity,i.e.theirmeaningsarenotoftenrecognizableinthemeaningofthewhileidiom.Likewise,thepartofspeechofeachelementisnolongerimportant.Quiteoftentheidiomfunctionsasoneword.Thesemanticunityofidiomsisalsoreflectedintheillogicalrelationshipbetweentheliteralmeaningofeachwordandthemeaningoftheidiom.Manyidiomsaresemanticallyinexplicable.3.Unlikefreephrases,thestructureofanidiomistoalargeextentunchangeable.First,theconstituentsofidiomscannotbereplaced.Secondly,thewordordercannotbeinvertedorchanged.Thirdly,theconstituentsofanidiomcannotbedeletedoraddedto,notevenanarticle.Finally,manyidiomsaregrammaticallyunanalysable.4.Sentenceidiomsaremainlyproverbsandsayings,includingcolloquialismsandcatchphrases.Eachfunctionsasasentence.5.Stylisticfeaturesofidiomsarecolloquial,slangandliterary.6.Rhetoricalfeaturesofidiomslieinphoneticalmanipulation,suchasalliterationandrhyme,inlexicalmanipulationsuchasreiteration,repetilionandjuxtapositionandfiguresofspeech.7.Thisreferstoidiomsinwhichthenameofonethingisusedforthatofanotherassociatedwithit.8.Synecdocheisthesubstitutionofapartforthewholeorviceversa.9.Insomeidioms,aconstituentmaybereplacedbyawordofthesamepartofspeech,resultinginsynonymousorantonymousidioms.10.Insomeinstances,someconstituentscanbeaddedordeleted,whichdoesnot'affectthemeaningoftheidioms.11.Thepositionsofcertainconstituentsinsomeidiomscanbeshiftedwithoutanychangeinmeaning.12.Thisoccasionallyoccursinproverbsandsayings,whereonlyapartofthemisusedinsteadofthewhole.13.Itmeansbreakinguptheidiomsintopieces,anunusualcaseofuseofidiomsparticularlyinliteratureorpopularpresstoachievespecialeffect.14.Phrasalverbsareidiomswhicharecomposedofaverbplusaprepand/oraparticle.15.Verbphrasesrefertothephrasesthatserveasverbs.16.Bytrueidiomswemeanthatthemeaningoftheidiomcannotbededucedfromthoseoftheindividualconstituents.17.Byregularcombinationswespeakoftheidiomswhosemeaningsareunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaningsoftheconstituentsincombination.18.Semi-idiomsaretheidiomswhosemeaningsareinawayrelatedtothemeaningsoftheconstituentsbutarenotthemselvesexplicit.VI.Answerthefollowingquestions.Youranswersshouldbeclearandshort.Writeyouranswersinthespacegiven.1.(1)TheEnglishidiomshavetwomajorcharacteristics:oneisthesemanticunity;theotherisstructuralstability.(2)Beingphrasesorsentences,idiomseachconsistofmorethanoneword,buteachisasemanticunity.Thoughthevariouswordswhichmakeuptheidiomhavetheirrespectiveliteralmeanings,intheidiomtheyhavelosttheirindividualidentity.Quiteoftenanidiomfunctionsasoneword.(3)Structurally,eachidiomisfixedasarule,anddoesnotallowchangesinmostcases.2.Unlikefreephrases,thestructureofanidiomistoalargeextentunchangeable.Themeaningofaphraseisalwaysthecombinationofthedifferentwords.3.Accordingtogrammaticalfunctions,idiomsmaybeclassifiedintofivegroups:idiomsnominalinnature,idiomsadjectivalinnature,idiomsverbalinnature,idiomsadverbialinnature,andsentenceidioms.4.Idiomsaregenerallyfelttobeinformalandsomearecolloquialismsandslang,thereforeinappropriateforformalstyle.Occasionally,wefindidiomswhichareextremelyformalandusedonlyinfrozenstyle.Thestylisticfeaturesofidiomscanbesummedupinthefollowingthreeterms:① colloquialisms;② slang;③literaryexpressions.5.Idiomsmanifestapparentrhetoricalcolouringinsuchrespectsasofphoneticmanipulation,lexicalmanipulationandfiguresofspeech.(1)Phoneticmanipulationincludesalliterationandrhyme.(2)Lexicalmanipulationincludesreiteration,repetition,juxtaposition.(3)Figuresofspeechincludessimile,metaphor,metonymy,synecdoche,personification,euphemism.6.Occasionallysuchchangesmaybefoundinidiomsas:addition,deletion,replacement,position-shifting,dismembering.VII.Analyzeandcommentonthefollowing.Writeyouranswersinthespacegivenbelow.1.(1)Theidiomis“sleeplikealog”.(2)Itsstructureis:verb+preposition+noun.(3)Itsgrammaticalfunction:verbphraseservingasthepredicateinthesentence.(4)hisasimile.2.(1)Theidiomis“hereandthere.” (2)Itstructureis“adverb+adverb”.(3)Itsgrammaticalfunctionisthatitisanidiomadverbialinnatureanditservesasadverbial.(4)Itsrhetoricalfeatureisjuxtaposition.3.(1)Theidiomis“aboltfromtheblue.” (2)Theidiommeansasuddenunexpectedincident,esp.acatastrophicone.(3)Itseffectistomakethesentenceconciseandforcible.(4)Itsgrammaticalstructureis"noun+preposition+noun",anditisnominalinnatureandservesasthepredicative.(5)Itisametaphor.4.(1)Thevariationoftheidiomisthereplacementofaconstituent.(2)Thecharacteristicsofidiomsaresemanticunityandstructuralstability.Thisidiomseemstobeagainststructuralstabilityofidioms,i.e.thestructureofanidiomistoalargeextentunchangeable.Thisdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthestructureofanidiomcanneverbechanged.Structuralstabilityofanidiomisrelative,notabsolute.Butchangesmakeonlyexceptions.Sothefeature“structuralstability” isvalid.(3)Accordingtothedegreeofidiomacityidiomsincludethetrueidioms,semi-idiomsandregularcombinations.(4)Trueidiomsallownochanges,semi-idiomsfewchangesandregularcombinationssomechanges.