大学英语四级长篇阅读样题及答案

大学英语四级长篇阅读样题及 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 ">人人评论()条大学英语四级长篇阅读样题及答案　A:Whatdowemeanbybeing‘talentedorgifted’?Themostobviouswayistolookattheworksomeonedoesandiftheyarecapableofsignificantsuccess,labelthemastalented.Thepurelyquantitativeroute—‘percentagedefinition’—looksnotatindividuals,butatsimplepercentages,suchasthetopfivepercentofthepopulation,andlabelsthem—bydefinition—asgifted.Thisdefinitionhasfallenfromfavor,eclipsedbytheadventofIQtests,favoredbyluminariessuchasProfessorHansEysenck,whereaseriesofwrittenorverbaltestsofgeneralintelligenceleadstoascoreofintelligence.　　B:TheIQtesthasbeeneclipsedinturn.Mostpeoplestudyingintelligenceandcreativityinthenewmillenniumnowpreferabroaderdefinition,usingamultifacetedapproachwheretalentsinmanyareasarerecognizedratherthanpurelyconcentratingonacademicachievement.Ifwearethereforeassumingthattalented,creativeorgiftedindividualsmayneedtobeassessedacrossarangeofabilities,doesthismeanintelligencecanruninfamiliesasgeneticorinheritedtendency?Mentaldysfunction—suchasschizophrenia—can,soisanefficientmentalcapacitypassedonfromparenttochild?　　C:Animalexperimentsthrowsomelightonthisquestion,andonthewholeareaofwhetheritisgenetics,theenvironmentoracombinationofthetwothatallowsforintelligenceandcreativeability.Differentstrainsofratsshowgreatdifferencesinintelligenceor‘ratreasoning’.Ifthesearebroughtupinnormalconditionsandthenrunthroughamazetoreachafoodgoal,the‘bright-strainmakefarfewerwrongturnsthatthe‘dull-ones’.Butiftheenvironmentismadedullandboringthenumberoferrorsbecomesequal.Returntheratstoanexcitingmazeandthediscrepancyreturnsasbefore—butismuchsmaller.Inotherwords,adullratinastimulatingenvironmentwillalmostdoaswellasbrightratwhoisboredinanormalone.Thisprincipleappliestohumanstoo—someonemaybebornwithinnateintelligence,buttheirenvironmentprobablyhasthefinalsayoverwhethertheybecomecreativeorevenagenius.　　D:Evidencenowexiststhatmostyoungchildren,ifgivenenoughopportunitiesandencouragement,areabletoachievesignificantandsustainablelevelsofacademicorsportingprowess.Brightorcreativechildrenareoftenphysicallyveryactiveatthesametime,andsomanyreceivemoreparentalattentionasaresult—almostbydefault—inordertoensuretheirsafety.Theymayalsotalkearlier,andthis,inturn,breedsparentalinterest.Thiscansometimescauseproblemswithothersiblingswhomayfeeljealouseventhoughtheythemselvesmaybebright.Theircreativetalentsmaybeundervaluedandsonevercometofruition.Twothemesseemtorunthroughfamouslycreativefamiliesasaresult.Thefirstisthattheparentswereabletoidentifythetalentsofeachchild,andnurtureandencouragetheseaccordinglybutinanevenhandedmanner.Individualdifferenceswereencouraged,andfriendlysiblingrivalrywasnotseenasparticularproblem.Ifthefatheris,say,afamousactor,thereisnounduepressureforhischildrentofollowhimontotheboards,butinsteadtheirchoseninterestsareencouraged.Thereneednotevenbyanyobvioustalentinsuchafamilysincetherealwaysneedstobesomeonewhosetsthefamilycareerinmotion,asinthecaseoftheSheenactingdynasty.　　E:MartinSheenwastheseventhoftenchildrenborntoaSpanishimmigrantfatherandanIrishmother.Despiteintenseparentaldisapprovalheturnedhisbackonentranceexamstouniversityandborrowedcashfromalocalpriesttostartafledglingactingcareer.HisactingsuccessesinfilmssuchasBadlandsandApocalypseNowmadehimoneofthemosthighly-regardedactorsofthe1970s.Threesons—EmilioEstevez,RamonEstevezandCharlieSheen—havefollowedhimintotheprofessionasaconsequenceofbeinginspiredbyhismotivationandenthusiasm.　　F:Astreamseemstorunthroughcreativefamilies.Suchchildrenarenotnecessarilysmotheredwithlovebytheirparents.Theyfeellovedandwanted,andaresecureintheirhome,butareoftenmoresurroundedbyanatmosphereofworkandwherefollowingacallingappearstobeimportant.Theymayseefromtheirparentsthatittakestimeanddedicationtobemasterofacraft,andsoareinlessofahurrytoachieveforthemselvesoncetheystarttowork.　　G:Thegenerationofcreativityiscomplex:itisamixtureofgenetics,theenvironment,parentalteachingandluckthatdetermineshowsuccessfulortalentedfamilymembersare.Thislastpoint—luck—isoftennotmentionedwheretalentisconcernedbutplaysanundoubtedpart.Mozart,consideredbymanytobethefinestcomposerofalltime,wasluckytobelivinginanagethatencouragedthewritingofmusic.Hewasbroughtupsurroundedbyit,hisfatherwasamusicianwhoencouragedhimtothepointofgivinguphisjobtopromotehischildgenius.Mozarthimselfsimplywantedtocreatethefinestmusiceverwrittenbutdidnotnecessarilyviewhimselfasagenius—hecouldwritesublimemusicatwill,andsooftenpreferredtoleadahedonisticlifestylethathefoundmoreexcitingthanwritingmusictoorder.　　H:AlbertEinsteinandBillGatesaretwomoreexamplesofpeoplewhosetalentshaveblossomedbyvirtueofthetimestheywerelivingin.Einsteinwasasolitary,somewhatslowchildwhohadaffectionathomebutwhosephenomenalintelligenceemergedwithoutanyobviousparentalinput.Thismayhavebeenpartlyduetothefactthatatthestartofthe20thcenturyalotoftheNewtonianlawsofphysicswerebeingquestioned,leavingafertilegroundforideassuchashistobedeveloped.BillGatesmayhavehadthecreativevisiontodevelopMicrosoft,butwithoutthenewcomputeragedawningatthesametimehemayneverhaveachievedthepositionontheworldstagehenowoccupies.　　1.Wecanlabelsomeonewhoarecapableofsignificantsuccessastalented.　　2.Mostpeoplestudyingintelligenceandcreativityinthenewmillenniumnowpreferabroaderdefinition.　　3.Animalexperimentsarecontributedtowhetheritisgenetics,theenvironmentoracombinationofthetwothatallowsforintelligenceandcreativeability.　　4.Brightorcreativechildrenareoftenphysicallyveryactiveatthesametime.　　5.Childrenincreativefamiliesfeellovedandwanted,andaresecureintheirhome.　　6.Thegenerationofcreativityisnotsimple.　　7.BillGatesisanexampleofpeoplewhosetalentshaveblossomedbyvirtueofthetimestheywerelivingin.　　8.Evidenceshowsthatbrightorcreativechildrenareoftenphysicallyveryactiveandthusreceivemoreparentalattentiontoensuretheirsafety.　　9.Luckisoftennotmentionedbutanundoubtedpartofapersonhowcreativeortalented.　　10.AlbertEinstein’sandBillGates’significantsuccessmaybeduetothetimestheywerelivingin.　　1.A　　2.B　　3.C　　4.D　　5.F　　6.G　　7.H　　8.D　　9.G　　10.H0分享到微信收藏该文章