【参考答案详细解释版】大学英语六级模拟试卷539

【参考答案详细解释版】大学英语六级模拟试卷539 Model Test Four Part ? Writing Directions: For this part, you are all6wed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitle Video Game: A Blessing or a Curse. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1. 电子游戏在学生之间享有很高的人气，很多人玩，尤其是大学生 2.沉迷电子游戏对学生的影响 3. 如何解决“电子游戏热” Video Game: A Blessing or a Curse Part ? Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Directions: In this part you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. How SATS Work Tests are a fact of life throughout our school careers, but one of the most important, and, to some, the scariest, of them all is the SAT—that three-hour exam that's supposed to measure a high school student's chance of academic success in the first year of college. Some colleges consider SAT scores major factors in their admission process, while others view high school academic performance, along with recommendations and extracurricular activities, equally, or even more importantly. No matter where you're headed, if you're a high school student, the SAT is important to you because most colleges require students to report either SAT or ACT Assessment scores. What Is the SAT? First of all, SAT no longer stands for Scholastic Aptitude Test (学术性倾向测验), the original name of the test when it was introduced in 1941. Although you may still see that name occasionally, the College Board, the not-for-profit educational association that sponsors the SATS, decided to let the acronym stand on its own as a way of addressing controversy about the meaning of the word "aptitude". The College Board also rejected the alternative "Scholastic Assessment Test". (English teachers probably pointed out that this name was redundant, since assessment means test. ) The SAT I measures verbal and math reasoning abilities that you've developed throughout your school years. The multiple-choice test, developed by the not-for-profit Educational Testing Service, is intended to let students demonstrate their verbal and math abilities without regard to the kind of schooling they've had. According to the College Board, the test looks for a student's ability to understand and analyze written material, to draw inferences, to differentiate shades of meaning, to draw conclusions and solve math problems—all skills that are necessary for success in college and the work world. The American College Testing (ACT) Assessment, which was introduced in 1959, is an alternative to the SAT that virtually all colleges and universities now accept. Developers of the test tout it for its curriculum-based questions, saying that their test is more directly related to what is actually taught in high school. What's the SAT II? The newer SAT II: Subject Tests, formerly the College Board Achievement Tests, are intended to measure a student's knowledge of a particular subject, such as English (writing or literature), history and social sciences, mathematics (various levels), sciences, and languages (Chinese, French, German, modern Hebrew, Italian, Japanese, Latin, Spanish, English). Some colleges require one or more SAT II tests, but even if they aren't required, SAT II tests scores can help you present a more personalized portfolio that illustrates how well you would fit at a particular school. Most colleges use SAT II scores not for admission purposes but for program placement and counseling. SAT II tests are given on a slightly different schedule from the SAT I. Generally, SAT II tests arc one hour long and consist of multiple choice questions. There are exceptions. For example, the Writing Test has 40 minutes of multiple-choice questions and a 20-minute writing sample. To decide which subject test should be taken, first,, make a list of all the colleges you're considering. Then review their catalogs or websites to find out if they require Subject Test scores for admission and, if so, which ones. Use your list of colleges and their admission requirements to help plan your high school course schedule. For example, a college to which you plan to apply may require a language Subject Test score or might exempt you from a first-year course requirement if you do well on a language Subject Test. In addition, the College Board website can be searched for information about Subject Test requirements at specific colleges. When Is the SAT Taken? Generally, the latest you can take your SATS and be eligible for admission in the next academic year is in the fall of your senior year of high school. You'll want to check application deadlines at schools in which you're interested to be sure your scores will make it in on time. (You can also take advantage of the College Board's new phone-for-results service. You'll be charged a fee but you'll get your scores about 10 days earlier. ) Increasingly, students are taking the SAT in the summer before their senior years, in the 11th grade and even as early as the 10th grade. It's very important to register early for the SAT to, avoid the deadline rush, since testing sites can fill up quickly and force you to go to one farther away. (Deadlines are usually about a month or six weeks before the actual test. ) You can register online now—but once you've registered, you can't cancel. However, you can change your test date for a fee. Regarding the SAT II tests, if possible, take tests like American history, biology, chemistry and physics right after your course ends at school, while the information is still fresh in your mind. On the other hand, you'll probably do better taking writing and language tests after several years of study. Most students take Subject Tests toward the end of their junior year or at the beginning of their senior year. Before you take the SAT, you'll take the PSAT/NMSQT (it's co-sponsored by the National Merit Scholarship Corp., which, along with other scholarship funds, uses the scores to select scholarship recipients). The PSAT is similar to the SAT I except that it is a half-hour shorter and includes a grammar section that's absent from the SAT I. The PSAT is offered twice each year, usually in the fall. PSATS are typically taken in the 10th or 11th grade, and you can contact your school's counseling office for registration information. PSATS, unlike SATS, are administered through your high school. How Should SAT Be Prepared for? That's a good question and one that educational experts still debate. The College Board stops short of endorsing the use of test preparation services, which can charge hundreds of dollars per person per prep course. Board officials maintain that the nature of the SAT makes it difficult to study, or "cram" for and that your best bet is to take academically challenging, pre-collegiate courses in high school and to keep your study habits strong and your grades high. The College Board suggests that taking the PSAT/NMSQT is a good way to prepare (it also gets you on college mailing lists) as are studying the types of questions in the SAT and taking the sample SAT I, which is provided free at high schools. On the other side of the fence sit test preparation giants making millions of dollars each year offering courses designed to help students boost their performances on the SAT, PSAT;ACT and a variety of other academic and professional tests. These companies resent any implication that they teach students test-taking "tricks", saying that their businesses spend a lot of money on specialized research aimed at learning what it takes to get good test scores and that they pass those findings on to course-takers. Some test-preparation companies even guarantee specific score increases. If the scores aren't there, these firms offer cash back or, more often, a free repeat Of the course. There are many of these services, so cruise the Internet and your local telephone directory if you're interested. 1. The College Board sponsored SAT to ______ . A) measure whether a student's ability can be successful in the first year of college B) evaluate high schools' education quality throughout the country C) help improve the education in college throughout the country D) measure high school students' chance of a fruitful life 2. Besides SAT scores, what do colleges also consider in their admission process? A) Recommendations and extracurricular activities. B) Students' academic achievement in high school. C) Students' ability to achieve success in college. D) Students' ACT scores. 3. The newer SAT II Subject Tests are supposed to assess students' ______ . A) ability to enter college B) knowledge of college study C) level of versatility D) knowledge of a subject 4. How do most colleges use SAT II scores? A) They use the scores for admission purposes. B) They use the scores to place the students in the right programs. C) They use the scores to select students' leaders. D) They use the scores to grant scholarships. 5. For high school students, SAT should be taken no later than the ______ . A) fall of their last year of high school B) summer before their senior years C) 11th grade D) junior year of high school 6. According to the passage, why should students register early for the SAT? A) Because there will be fewer testing sites near the deadline. B) Because they will not have enough time to prepare if they register too late. C) Because there will usually be too many people taking the test near the deadline. D) Because they can only register online if they do it too late. 7. When is the best time to take the newer SAT II's American history? A) After several years of study. B) Immediately when you finish the course. C) When you have a large information source. D) Right after a holiday when your mind is refreshed. 8. According to the College Board, students can prepare for SAT by ______ . 9. Defending themselves against attack, test preparation companies say their courses are based on ______ . 10. If the guaranteed scores aren't there, test preparation companies offer free repetition of the course or even ______ . Part ? Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Questions 11 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. 11. A) The transportation for the trip is free. B) The class won't enjoy going on the field trip. C) Some people may not go on the trip. D) Everyone in the class has paid the fee. 12. A) He thinks David is not reliable. B) He's willing to trust David. C) He has told his doubts to David. D) He thinks David will benefit from this experience. 13. A) His son hit him on the arm. B) He stumbled over a stone and fell. C) He bumped the arm against a piece of furniture. D) He knocked over a coffee pot. 14. A) Because they have some financial problems. B) Because there will be much rain in May. C) Because they won't have free time in May. D) Because they can't have everything got ready by then. 15. A) She will play basketball. B) She will go to see Lily. C) She will go swimming. D) She wilt play volleyball. 16. A) He thinks it is a pity that there is a flaw on it. B) He thinks it is a good bargain but it could be much cheaper. C) He thinks it is a real bargain because the flaw is hardly noticeable. D) He thinks the woman should show it to her friends. 17. A) It will be sunny. B) It will be very cold. C) It will be windy. D) It will be rainy. 18. A) She had to work throughout her honeymoon. B) She had nothing to do during her honeymoon. C) She couldn't go shopping in her honeymoon. D) She spent her honeymoon all by herself. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. A) He is promoting the sales of something by telephone. B) He is talking with the woman on how to stay healthy. C) He is discussing with the woman on how to stay fit. D) He is talking with the woman about a fitness program. 20. A) A subscription to a book. B) A bargain on dance lessons. C) A cheap airfare to Hawaii. D) A membership to sports club. 21. A) She requests the man not to call her again. B) She requests the man to call her in a few days. C) She requests to change a salesman. D) She requests a cheaper price for what the man offers. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 22. A) Meals are provided free of charge on campus. B) Students are more secure on campus. C) Students are free to choose their roommates. D) Students have more chances to make friends. 23. A) They may have to obey certain housing rules. B) A deposit may be required to rent an apartment. C) Apartment are very limited on campus. D) They have to do the housework themselves. 24. A) Tenants needn't maintain the house. B) Tenants can cook in the apartments. C) Tenants have freedom to select their roommates. D) Tenants are free to do anything that they like. 25. A) Earn money to pay the rent. B) Buy furniture for the apartments. C) Sign a housing contract. D) Earn money to. buy a car. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. A) They didn't notice them. B) They gave mythological explanations. C) They ignored them. D) They chose to avoid seeing them. 27. A) Where UFOs came. B) The Heaven. C) The river of Heaven. D) Light in the sky. 28. A) Because it is so luminous. B) Because it is broad. C) Because it is where the Heaven is. D) Because it is so remote from us. Passage Two Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard. 29. A) To tell what "high tech" and "state of the art" are. B) To tell how "high tech" and "state of the art" have developed. C) To give examples of high tech. D) To describe the modern technology. 30. A) Britain. B) The United States. C) France. D) Japan. 31. A) Because of the technology progress. B) Because of the computer revolution. C) Because of the invention of computer. D) Because of microwave ovens. Passage Three Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 32. A) Silent reading had not been discovered. B) There were few places available for private reading. C) Few people could read for themselves. D) People relied on reading for entertainment. 33. A) A change in the status of educated. B) A change in the nature of reading. C) An increase in the number of books. D) An increase in the average age of readers. 34. A) The importance of silent reading. B) The information yielded by books and newspapers. C) The effects of healthy reading. D) The value of different types of reading habits developed. 35. A) Explain how present-day reading habits developed. B) Change people's attitudes to reading. C) Show how reading methods have been improved. D) Encourage the growth of reading. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. We all hope that the values that are important to each of us are passed along to our children. Often, however, that hope is (36) by a flood of pop culture messages, peer pressure, and overscheduled lives that leave little time for good counsel or (37) It's easy to forget that learning values and character at home is as important as any schoolwork or extracurricular activities. In the real world of jobs and career, people are judged by two standards: their (38) skills and their personal traits. While grade school, high school, and college can teach skills and (39) , it's up to parents to teach children the attributes that make for success in the real world—diligence, a (40) attitude, creativity, optimism, assertiveness, and (41) . Schools—particularly colleges—don't focus on these issues. That's the job of the parents, so take the (42) seriously. Send your kids into the world ready to handle not only the tasks of life but also its hurdles, social obstacles, and (43) with skills and character. You really can't start soon enough. After all, children need personal integrity and morals as much as any adult. Bullies will always be around, (44) . Exposing children to the harsher realities of life isn't cruel; giving them that experience and coaching them through it is part and parcel of raising kids to have courage, resilience, and honor. (45) . Then think through how to teach these crucial lessons. Talking to your kids should be only part of the plan. Letting them witness integrity in action—through your own behavior, by watching documentaries about great people together, or even by visiting a courtroom—is the strongest way to impart the message. (46) . So make a point of it. After all, if you don't teach your children integrity, who will? Part ? Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2. Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. Many private institutions of higher education around the country are in danger. Not all will be saved, and perhaps not all deserved to be saved. There are low-quality schools just as there is low-quality business. We have no obligation to save them simply because they exist. But many thriving institutions that deserve to continue are threatened. They are doing a fine job educationally, but they are caught in a financial squeeze, with no way to reduce rising costs or increasing revenues significantly. Raising tuition doesn't bring in more revenues, for each time tuition goes up, the enrollment goes down, or the amount that must be given away in student aid goes up. Schools are businesses, whether public or private, not usually because of mismanagement but because of the nature of the enterprise. They lose money on every customer, and they can go bankrupt either from too few students or too many students. Even a very good college is a very bad business. It is such colleges, thriving but threatened, I worry about. Low, enrollment is not their chief problem. Even with full enrollment, they may go under. Efforts to save them, and preferably to keep them private, are a national necessity. There is no basis for arguing that private schools are inherently better than public schools. Examples to the contrary abound. Anyone can name state universities and colleges that rank as the finest in the nation and the world. It is now inevitable that public institutions will be dominant, and therefore diversity is a national necessity. Diversity in the way we support schools tends to give us a healthy diversity in the forms of education. In an imperfect society such as ours, uniformity of education throughout the nation could be dangerous. In an imperfect society diversity is a positive good. Ardent supporters of public higher education know the importance of sustaining private higher education. 47. We have no obligation to save some schools because ______ . 48. Some thriving institutions are also threatened because of ______ . 49. The phrase "go under" in the third paragraph most probably means ______ . 50. Because public institutions will be dominant, diversity becomes ______ . 51. People who are supportive of public higher education realize that ______ . Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage one Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage. It's a brand new world—a world built around brands. Hard-charging, noise-making, culture-shaping brands are everywhere. They're on supermarket shelves, of course, but also in business plans for network company startups and in the names of sports complexes. Brands are infiltrating (渗透) people's everyday lives—by sticking their logos on clothes, in concert programs, on subway station walls, even in elementary school classrooms. We live in an age in which CBS newscasters wear Nike jackets on the air, in which Burger King and McDonald's open kiosks (小亭) in elementary school lunchrooms. But as brands reach (and then overreach) into every aspects of our lives, the companies behind them invite more questions, deeper scrutiny—and an inevitable backlash by consumers. "Our intellectual lives and our public spaces are, being taken over by marketing—and that has real implications for citizenship," says author and activists Naomi Klien. "It's important for any healthy culture to have public space—a place where people are treated as citizens instead of as consumers. We've completely lost that space." Since the mid-1980s, as more and more companies have shifted from being about products to being about ideas. Starbucks isn't selling coffee; It's selling community! Those companies have poured more and more resources into marketing campaigns. To pay for those campaigns, those same companies figured out ways to cut costs elsewhere, for example, by using contract labor at home and low-wage labor in developing countries. Contract laborers are hired on a temporary, per-assignment basis, and employers have no obligation to provide any benefits (such as health insurance) or long-term job security. This saves companies money but obviously puts workers in vulnerable situations. In the United States, contract labor has given rise to so-called McJobs, which employers and workers alike pretend are temporary—even though these jobs are usually held by adults who are trying to support families. The massive expansion of marketing campaigns in the 1980s coincided with the reduction of government spending for schools and for museums. This made those institutions much too willing, even eager, to partner with private companies. But companies took advantage of the needs of those institutions, reaching too far, and overwhelming the civic space with their marketing agendas. 52. How can brands infiltrate people's daily life? A) By having their logos printed in people' clothes. B) By having their brands reaching in primary schools. C) By finding means to put their products on supermarket shelves. D) By putting relative information of their products on public places. 53. What does "that" (Line 1, Para. 3 ) refer to? A) Our intellectual lives and our public spaces. B) Marketing. C) Citizenship. D) Healthy culture. 54. How can the Companies cut their cost according to the passage? A) They dismiss some employees to save money. B) They use temporary labors and cheap labors. C) They refuse to pay for the employees' health insurance. D) They invest money on marketing campaigns. 55. Why do the institutions want to partner with private companies? A) The massive expansion of marketing campaigns has taken place. B) They want to infuse people with marketing ideas. C) They want to be market-oriented institutions. D) Government spending on the institutions is greatly curtailed. 56. What is the author's attitude towards the massive expansion of marketing campaigns? A) Positive. B) Negative. C) Neutral. D) Indifference. Passage Two Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. Basically, there are three types of fatigue: physical, pathological (由疾病引起的), and psychological. As you might suspect, each differs significantly from the others. When you exercise your body you produce waste products. Muscles, for example, discard lactic acid (乳酸) into the blood; cells dump in carbon dioxide, When these wastes reach a certain level in the blood, the brain is notified and your activity level drops. Excess wastes in the muscles may produce soreness. If the blood of a physically fatigued animal is injected into a rested animal, it will produce fatigue. The solution to this type of fatigue is simple—rest. That should revive you; if it doesn't, another cause should be sought. Have you ever become involved in so many activities that you had to be in two places at once? This is what happens when your body has a disease. The cells are overtaxed and cannot keep up with both fighting the disease and keeping you active. The result is fatigue. Some communicable diseases like the flu and colds are notorious for draining your energy. Other non-communicable diseases, like anemia (贫血), drain you because you are lacking an important body ingredient. Being overweight can cause pathological fatigue. It should be obvious that this type of fatigue is not going to go away without treatment. In a way, pathological fatigue is a lifesaver. It lets you know something is wrong and that you need rest. Even a poor diet can produce pathological fatigue. Frequently, people who go on crash diets develop pathological fatigue, and if the diet is not improved, they may do physical harm to their bodies. Here is the most common type of fatigue. Almost everybody experiences it now and then. Often, the cause is an emotional war you are waging with yourself or those around you. Some of these familiar factors can bring on psychological fatigue, worries, stress, lack of exercise, boredom, depression. If you know someone with psychological fatigue, would you advise him to rest? No way! That might be fine for our other types of fatigue, but for this one, it's deadly. If you are ever going to be able to cope with stress, depression, or worry, you need oxygen in your cells and a more optimistic attitude. Get out of the chair and do something! Believe it or not, many people throw themselves into physical labor like cleaning or carpentry to "defatigue" themselves. If you find yourself in a particularly stressful situation that you can't physically escape, escape mentally. When fatigue continues, maybe you need to get to the root of the problem. 57. The topic for this passage is ______ 。 A) the problems of insomnia B) types of fatigue C) the dangers of fatigue D) people's need for rest 58. Physical fatigue is usually caused by ______ 。 A) too many stimulants B) excess wastes in the bloodstream C) diseases D) lack of exercise 59. Which of the following is NOT true in the case of pathological fatigue? A) You are involved in so many activities that you have to be in two places at once. B) Your body has a disease. C) The cells fail to deal with fighting the disease and keeping you alive at the same time. D) The first thing to do is to cure the disease. 60. It can be inferred from the passage that ______ 。 A) every type of fatigue needs medical attention B) pathological fatigue does not last long C) jogging can be used as an escape from psychological problems D) there is no cure for psychological fatigue 61. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A) Sleep is the solution for all types of fatigue. B) Psychologically healthy people do not suffer from fatigue. C) Changing your diet cannot cure psychological fatigue. D) You won't become fatigued if you are doing something you enjoy. Part ? Cloze Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. May people like the gigantic whales. Human sympathy (62) whales is only natural of all the creatures in the sea. (63) are closer relatives to us than these warm-blooded mammals. And how they got into the sea is one of the most fascinating stories of (64) . Most authorities believe that 60 million years ago ancestors of modern whales were four-legged, wolf-size animals living on the sea shores, (65) an abundance of fish and shrimp tempted them to try wading. (66) 10 to 15 million years, their bodies grew, forelegs shrank into flippers used for balance and steering and hind legs disappeared. As a result of some amazing transformations, they are now helpless on land. If stranded on a beach, they can barely breathe. With abundant (67) of food, whales grew into the largest creatures that lived, (68) larger than dinosaurs. A blue whale can grow to 100 feet. Its tongue is ten feet thick and heavier than an elephant. Some arteries are big enough for a child to swim (69) . The half-ton heart has walls two feet thick and pumps eight tons of blood. (70) its size comes awesome strength. A blue whale swimming (71) 15 knots generates 1 000 horsepower. (72) their size, these giants move at a good speed. An 18-ton whale can even (73) 12 m. p. h., over short distances. A whale can (74) to 9 000 pounds of food a day. The world's biggest creature (75) itself almost entirely on shrimp-like krill, smaller than a person's thumb. Maternal instincts are also (76) Because a calf is born underwater, the mother must get it to the surface before it (77) . Often another whale will help. The mother pushes it gently (78) the baby is confident with its swimming—usually after about 30 minutes. If the calf is (79) , she may support it on her back until it gradually rots away. Like all mammals, whale babies (80) mother's milk. And the milk is more than 30-percent fat, over 10-percent protein, and the babies grow extremely fast. A blue whale calf lengthens (81) two inches a day and gains an average seven pounds per hour. 62. A) with B) to C) for D) in 63. A) None B) Not any C) Nobody D) Nothing 64. A) revolution B) resolution C) solution D) evolution 65. A) what B) where C) which D) when 66. A) For B) Over C) With D) Through 67. A) support B) preparation C) supplies D) supplement 68. A) little B) fairly C) very D) far 69. A) through B) across C) into D) within 70. A) From B) For C) With D) Of 71. A) in B) with C) on D) at 72. A) Despite with B) Despite C) Despite for D) Despite from 73. A) top B) cross C) overcome D) speed 74. A) feed up B) eat up to C) eat up D) feed up to 75. A) provides B) feeds C) supplies D) offers 76. A) fast grown B) much trained C) quite fostered D) highly developed 77. A) drowns B) drowns to death C) drowns to be dead D) drowns itself 78. A) until B) up to C) while D) unless 79. A) born to be dead B) born dead C) born to death D) born died 80. A) feed with B) feed up C) feed on D) feed from 81. A) with B) for C) as D) by Part ? Translation Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2. 82. The boss would be angry ______ (假如老板发现你经常在办公室打私人长途电话). 83. The journey took three days ______ (比我们原先所预计的多用了). 84. Many big cities in the world ______ (正面临淡水资源短缺). 85. The soldiers ______ (非常疲惫由于没有休息一直向前走) in a blizzard. 86. He doesn't seem to ______ (意识到他们态度的冷淡) towards his appeal. Key to Model Test Four Part ? Writing [写作模板] Today, video games ______, especially among college students. ______. Many students indulge themselves in playing these games, ______. Firstly, ______. Secondly, ______. Thirdly, Therefore, it is time we took effective measures to solve this problem. On the one hand, ______. On the other,______ . [范文] Video Game: A Blessing or a Curse Today, video games have become more and more popular among the students, especially among college students. It seems that the more they are prohibited from playing the games, the more they are tempted to do so. Many students indulge themselves in playing these games, which is harmful to both the individual and the society in many ways. Firstly, they endanger the young people's health. Sitting in front of the computer for hours on end is bad for the players' eyesight. Secondly, they distract the young people's attention from their study. Absorbed in the games, the players often suffer from lack of sleep and thus can not concentrate on their lessons. Thirdly, some young people are especially interested in games with violence, which has a bad influence on their growing-up. Therefore, it is time we took effective measures to solve this problem. On the one hand, young people should be fully aware of the danger of video games and do something meaningful to divert their attention from video games. On the other, the society should pay more attention to and seek better solutions to the problem. Part ? Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 1([线索词] College Board SAT A)[定位] 由题干中SAT可定位到第一段首句Tests are a fact of life... that three-hour exam that's supposed to measure a high school student's chance of academic success in the first year of college。及第一个小标题第一段中的that three-hour exam即指SAT。 [精析] 细节辨认题【考频:29】。根据原文可知，SAT的目的在于测验高中学生在大学 一 年级 六年级体育公开课教案九年级家长会课件PPT下载六年级家长会PPT课件一年级上册汉语拼音练习题六年级上册道德与法治课件 阶段学业成功的可能性，第一个小标题下第一段又反复申明了其具体的指代。由此可 见A)“衡量一个学生是否具备在大学一年级时成功的能力”与原文意思相符，为正确答案。 2([线索词] in their admission process A)[定位] 由题干中的in their admission process定位到原文首段第二句Some colleges consider SAT scores major factors in their admission process,..., equally, or even more importantly. [精析] 细节辨认题【考频:29】。题干问除SAT成绩外，还有哪些因素成为大学录取的 因素。根据原文可知，该考试成绩的高低是大学录取的主要因素，但对于一些大学来说， recommendations(推荐信)和extracurricular activities(课外活动)同等甚至更加重要，因此A) 与原文相符。 3([线索词] SAT II Subject Tests, assess D)[定位] 由题干中的SAT II Subject Tests和assess定位到原文第二个小标题下首段首句 The newer SAT II: Subject Tests,..., are intended to measure a student's knowledge of a particular subject...题干中的are supposed to assess与原文中are intended to measure相对应。 [精析] 同义转述题【考频:41】。由该句可知，该考试主要测试评估(assess)学生对某一 科目知识的掌握情况，如英语读写能力，历史和社会科学等。由此可知D)项内容与原文相 符。 4([线索词] use SAT II scores B)[定位] 由题干中的use SAT II scores可定位到原文第二个小标题下第一段第三句 Most colleges use SAT II scores not for admission purposes but for program placement and counseling. [精析] 细节辨认题【考频:29】。题干问多数大学如何利用SAT II的成绩。根据原文可 知，大多数大学利用SAT II考试的分数来进行项目定位和讨论，B)“把学生定位在合适的 项目中”符合文意。 5([线索词] be taken, no later than A)[定位] 由题干中的no later than可定位到原文中第三个小标题下首段首句Generally, the latest you can take your SATs and be eligible for admission in the next academic year is in the fall of your senior year of high school.题干中no later than与原文the latest相对应。 [精析] 细节辨认题【考频:29】。根据原文可知，该考试不得晚于中学最后一年的秋季 (the fall of your senior year of high school)。只有A)中的last year与原文senior year同义。 6([线索词] register early C)[定位] 由题干中的register early可定位到原文第三个小标题下第二段第一句It's very important to register early for the SAT to avoid the deadline rush... [精析] 细节辨认题【考频:29】。题干问学生要尽早注册SAT考试的原因。原文说，要 避免最后期限时的忙乱和被动(to avoid the deadline rush)。C)“通常在考试最后期限时有太多 人注册参加考试”符合原文的意思。 7([线索词] take the newer SAT II, American history B)[定位] 由题干中的take the newer SAT II和American history定位到原文中第三个小标 题下第三段第一句Regarding the SAT II tests, if possible, take tests like American history,... right after your course ends at school, while the information is still fresh in your mind. [精析] 同义转述题【考频:41】。题干问何时应为参加the newer SAT II's American history的最佳时期。根据原文可知，该考试最好是在课程结束后立刻进行。B)Immediately when you finish the course与原文内容相符，为正确答案。 8(taking the PSAT/NMSQT [线索词] College Board, prepare for [定位] 由题干中的College Board和prepare for可定位到原文中第四个小标题下首段最 后一句The College Board suggests that taking the PSAT/NMSQT is a good way to prepare... [精析] 细节辨认题【考频:29】。此处要求填入名词性成分作介词by的宾语。根据原 文可知，该机构的建议是taking the PSAT/NMSQT，该短语符合题干填空处语意和语法要求， 因此为本题答案。 9(specialized research [线索词] test preparation companies [定位] 由题干中的test preparation companies定位到原文中末段第二句These companies resent... saying that their businesses spend a lot of money on specialized research... [精析] 细节辨认题【考频:29】。此处要求填入名词性成分作based on的宾语。根据原 文可知，这些公司称其花费大量金钱进行专门研究，就是说，他们课程的基础在于有专门的 研究。故specialized research为本题答案。 10(cash back [线索词] guaranteed scores [定位] 由题干中的if the guaranteed scores aren't there可定位到原文末段倒数第二句If the scores aren't there, these firms offer cash back or, more often, a free repeat of the course. [精析] 细节辨认题【考频:29】。此处要求填入名词性成分作offer的并列宾语。将原 文offer后的并列宾语与题干对照可知，此处应填入cash back(退款)。 Part ? Listening Comprehension Section A 11(M: I think the whole class is going on the field trip next Friday. W: I am not so sure. You know not everybody can afford the transportation fee. Q: What does the woman imply? C)[听前预测] 选项中多次出现trip, class, transportation, fee等词，由此推测对话可能与 班级旅行有关，可能会提问交通方式、费用等问题。 [答案详解] 推理判断题【考频:67】。男士认为全班同学都会参加下周五的郊游，女士 却对此 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示怀疑，提出并不是所有人都能承担得起交通费，因此可以推断出并非所有人都去 郊游，故C)正是女士表达的意思。 12(W: I feel so uneasy about trusting David with our money. How about you? M: Some people say he's not reliable, but others have a lot of confidence in him. I'm willing to give him the benefit of the doubt. Q: What does the man mean? B)[听前预测] 选项中多次出现reliable, trust, doubt, David等词，由此推测对话可能与说 话者对David的信任度有关，可能会提问David的人品如何、是否可靠等问题。 [答案详解] 观点态度题【考频:13】。女士说她把钱交给David心里很不安，并询问男 士意见。男士回答说，有些人认为David不可靠，但是也有许多人对他很信任。接着表示I'm willing to give him the benefit of the doubt，其中give sb. the benefit of the doubt是一个习语， 意思是“(在证据不足的情况下)IN定某人说实话;假定某人没有错”，B)与男士表达意思一 致。 13(W: Where did you get that terrible bruise on your arm? M: I banged it against the comer of the coffee table while I was playing with my son. Q: How did the man bruise his arm? C)[听前预测] 选项中多次出现hit, stumble, bump, knock over和arm等词，由此推测对 话可能与胳膊受伤有关，可能会提问因何受伤或如何受伤等问题。 [答案详解] 信息明示题【考频:50】。女士询问男士胳膊上的伤是从何而来的，男士回 答说他是在跟儿子玩耍时撞到咖啡桌的角上而受伤的，由此可见并不是儿子打他所致，对话 中并没有提到石头和咖啡壶，C)中furniture意为“家具”，故C)为答案。 14(W: Where shall we spend our holidays this year, Tom? Going away or staying at home? M: We're definitely going abroad, dear. But I don't think we'll go away in May. I doubt if we'll have enough money saved up by then. Q: Why can't the couple go abroad in May? A)[听前预测] 选项中多次出现because, May等词，由此推测对话可能与五月份的某项 活动有关，可能会提问为什么五月要做或者不做某事等问题。 [答案详解] 目的原因题【考频:7】。女士询问男士今年的度假地点，男士说去国外度 假，但是五月份可能因为没有攒够钱而不能去，由此可见他们在经济上还有一些问题，对话 中并没有提到天气，时间和准备物品的问题，故 A)为正确答案。 15(M: Are you free this afternoon, Mary? If you have spare time, will you join us in playing volleyball? Lily has got a bad cold so she couldn't play. W: I'd like to. Anyway my basketball lesson was cancelled, so as long as I can go swimming at 7 p. m. that's OK. Q: What will the woman do this afternoon? D)[听前预测] 选项中多次出现will, play, see, swim等词，由此推测对话可能与说话人的 计划有关，可能会提问说话人将要做什么等问题。 [答案详解] 行动计划题【考频:9】。男士询问女士是否愿意下午跟他们一起打排球， 女士说她的篮球课已经取消，只要不耽误她七点钟(晚上)去游泳，她很乐意前往，故D)为正 确答案。 16(W: Finding this china cabinet was a real stroke of luck. Because of the scratch on the side, the dealer charged me $50 less than the regular price. M: You were very lucky, and with a little polish the scratch won't even show. Q: What does the man think of the china cabinet? C)[听前预测] 选项中多次出现flaw, bargain, cheap等词，由此推测对话可能与一件便宜 货有瑕疵有关，可能会提问对这件便宜货的看法，是否物有所值等问题。 [答案详解] 观点态度题【考频:13】。女士说自己很幸运买到一件便宜的瓷器柜，因为 一点瑕疵而少花了五十美元。男士也认为很便宜，并说稍加修饰打磨，瑕疵就可以看不出来。 C)中的noticeable意为“可看见的，显眼的”。 17(M: Finally, the weekend is here. I will go for a picnic, so do you know tomorrow's weather? W: Now it is 7:32 and here is the weather forecast. Strong wind blew today. And tomorrow it will be colder. If it gets cold enough, there could be heavy snow next week. Q: What is the weather forecast for tomorrow? B)[听前预测] 选项中多次出现sunny, cold, windy和rainy等词，由此推测对话可能与天 气有关，可能会提问未来的天气如何等问题。 [答案详解] 事实细节题【考频:21】。男士询问女士明天的天气情况，女士说天气预报 正在播放:今日有大风，明日会更冷一些，如果降温幅度比较大的话，下周可能会有暴雪。 由此可见，女士的回答中包含有三个时间:今天、明天和下周。而问题是询问明天的天气状 况，故B)为正确答案。 18(M: After Kathy came back from her honeymoon, she has been upset these days. Do you know the reason? W: Her husband had to leave her alone in the hotel because his company assigned him an urgent mission. So she did nothing but went shopping without her husband's company. Q: Why has Kathy been upset these days? D)[听前预测] 选项中多次出现honeymoon, spend, do nothing, shopping和work等词，由 此推测对话可能蜜月有关，可能会提问如何度过蜜月，蜜月时做了些什么等问题。 [答案详解] 目的原因题【考频:7】。男士看到Kathy度完蜜月后心情不好，询问女士 是否知道其原因，女士解释说蜜月时Kathy的丈夫因为公司临时分派给他一项紧急任务，不 得不把Kathy独自一人留在宾馆，Kathy除了独自逛街以外无所事事。do nothing but意为“除 了„„以外什么都没做”。故D)为正确答案。 Section B Conversation One W: Hello! M: Good evening. Is that Mrs. Philips? W: Yes, it is. M: Well, Mrs. Phillips. This evening, (19) I'm calling to offer you a special discount on... W: Ah, no, let me guess. You want to sell a subscription to the newspaper or a great deal on the airfare to Hawaii, right? Or, you want to offer me an unbelievable bargain on dance lessons? M: No, no, actually...Mrs. Philips. Oh, sorry. That was the last guy. Uh, (20)we want to offer you a free membership to our sports club downtown at the introductory price of $39.95... W: Thirty-nine ninety-five? I thought you said free! Uh, listen, I'm not interested. M: Well, it includes unlimited access to all our facilities, including the gym, weight room, tennis courts, and swimming pool. W: Again, I'm not interested. I have my own fitness program I do around the house anyway. M: Well, this is a once-in-a-lifetime deal. In addition, the location of the sports club is near your house. That will be convenient for you. W: Like I said, I'll pass this time. (21)And please put me on your "don't call" list. M: Okay. It'll take between four and six months before your name will be removed from our database. You might be called by another representative during that time. W: Ah, man. Ah, great. M: Have a nice evening, Mrs. Philips. 19(What is the man doing? A)[听前预测] 选项中多次出现talk with, about, on the phone, discuss和sale等词，由此 推测对话可能是一段电话对话，可能会提问打电话的目的、内容等问题。 [答案详解] 推理判断题【考频:10】。男士打通电话后开门见山的提出给这位女士一定 折扣，由此猜测男士可能是推销员，进而可以判断出男士打电话的目的，故A)为正确答案。 20(What does the man want to offer the woman? D)[听前预测] 选项中多次出现book, airfare, dance lessons和membership等词，由此推 测对话可能关于电话内容中所涉及到的话题，可能会提问打电话时谈论的内容。 [答案详解] 事实细节题【考频:15】。在男士提出给这位女士一定折扣后，女士则打断 男士的谈话，猜测他是在推销报纸或是去夏威夷的飞机票或者是便宜的舞蹈培训班等，但是 从后来男士的回答来看，男士是要向女士提供免费的加入市区体育俱乐部的会员服务，但要 收取介绍费，故D)为正确答案。 21(What does the woman request at the end of the conversation? A)[听前预测] 选项中多次出现request, call等词，由此推测对话可能与以后他们之间的 电话联系有关，可能会提问他们约定何时打电话的问题。 [答案详解] 事实细节题【考频:15】。女士在后来的谈话中多次提到I am not interested。 这说明女士已经对男士的推销感到厌烦，随后我们可以听到，女士要求男士把她的电话列入 don't call清单，即要求男士以后不要给她打电话，故A)为正确答案。 Conversation Two M: Good morning, Ms. Smith. Welcome to today's show. W: Thank you. M: Today we're going to talk about the living of foreign students in our country. You know, for many international students, coming to the United States and living here and studying can be a quite frightening experience, especially when finding housing. Can you give them some advice? W: Sure. Fortunately, there are a variety of options that students can look to. They can choose to live on campus or off campus. M: Then can you say something about on-campus living? W: Well, I think first of all for first-time students, coming and(22)living on campus in dormitories can provide a certain level of security because of its closeness to campus facilities since commuting without a car can be quite an experience, especially when you have to commute long distances. (22)Often in dormitories, meals might be provided, and this can allow students to devote time to their academics, rather than housekeeping. M: That sounds quite good. Is there anything students should pay attention to when living on campus? W: Yes, (23)students should be aware that they'll be required to abide by certain regulations dealing with student conduct as part of the contract and living on campus. M: Then what about off-campus living? W: (24)Like living in dormitories, uh, living off campus in an apartment requires little or no maintenance specifically because usually it is handled by someone else. Also, when you live off campus, there might be a certain amount of flexibility in choosing roommates that you might not have when living on campus. (25)But you should be aware that tenants may be responsible for furnishing their own apartments. M: Well, thank you, Ms. Smith, for the information you have provided for us. W: My pleasure. 22(Which of the following advantages is related to on-campus living? B)[听前预测] 选项中多次出现students, campus, meals和secure等词，由此推测对话可 能与学生的学校生活有关，可能会提问他们的伙食如何，在校园居住的安全性等问题。 [答案详解] 细节辨认题【考频:6】。对话中提到两种住宿方式:校内和校外住宿。在 讲述校内住宿的优点时提到两点:一是由于离校近，所以更安全;其二就是可以吃到学校提 供的饭菜，不需要自己做饭，因此可以节省时间用于学习，但并没有提到“免费”二字。对 于C)中所说的可以自由选择室友则是在校外居住的优点，故B)为正确答案。 23(What should students remember when living on campus according to the woman? A)[听前预测] 选项中多次出现obey rules, require, apartment, campus, housework等词， 由此推测对话可能与住公寓的要求规定有关，可能会提问他们住公寓时必须遵守什么规定， 需不需要自己做家务等问题。 [答案详解] 事实细节题【考频:15】。题干询问在校园内住宿时学生需要牢记的事情， 男士在对话中曾问女士学生在校内住宿时应该注意哪些方面，女士回答说学生应该签一份合 同，要遵守(abide by)一些有关学生行为的规定，而这一点是住在校外所不需要的，故A)为 正确答案。 24(What is the advantage of off-campus living compared with on-campus living? C)[听前预测] 选项中多次出现tenant, maintain, cook, select roommate等词，由此推测对 话可能与租住房子的具体事项有关，可能会提问租房人是否需要维修房屋，是否受限制以及 租房住的优缺点等问题。 [答案详解] 细节辨认题【考频:6】。题干询问同校内住宿相比，校外住宿的优点。对 话中女士在回答完校内住宿的优点后，接着又解释了校外住宿的优点:所受限制较少，可以 灵活选择室友等。A)对于房屋的维护，女士说住在校内和校外的学生都不需要负责，不符 合题干要求，故排除;B)他们是否可以在出租房内做饭，对话中并没有提到。D)的表达太 绝对，故C)为正确答案。 25(What should students do if they prepare to live in apartments off campus? B)[听前预测] 选项中多次出现rent, furniture, contract, car等词，由此推测对话可能与校 外住宿租房有关，可能会提问他们校外租房是否签 合同 劳动合同范本免费下载装修合同范本免费下载租赁合同免费下载房屋买卖合同下载劳务合同范本下载 ，是否自备家具等问题。 [答案详解] 细节推断题【考频:4】。女士在后来的谈话中提到But you should be aware that tenants may be responsible for furnishing their own apartments。这说明房客可能需要自己提供 家具，故B)为正确答案。 Section B Passage One We humans have found countless mysteries of the universe with which to occupy our minds over the centuries. We not only ask questions about what something is but we also want to know why it is. (26)Ancient people invented elaborate mythological explanations to account for the mysterious things they saw. Both the sky with its heavenly bodies and seemingly never-ending vastness and the seas with their great depths and power were, and still are, capable of filling people with feelings of fear and wonder. As ancient humans looked at the sky above them, one sight that intrigued them most was the Milky Way. They, of course, didn't know that the strange, broad, luminous band of light across the sky is in reality composed of countless stars and planets located so far from the Earth that they cannot been seen individually by the naked eyes. (27)To the ancient Chinese it appeared as a luminous river, which they referred to as the River of Heaven or the Silver Stream. Even though today we know what the Milky Way is, (28)it remains equally mysterious in many ways because it is so remote from us. It is no wonder that for those individuals who believe in UFOs, it seems a likely place from which they could have arisen. After all, we know so little about heavenly bodies. The power of the ocean is awesome. We hear of tidal waves that crash onto land, destroying everything in their path; we read accounts of lost ships over the centuries. Now, in the 21st century as we fly across the Pacific, we can't help but feel a bit lonely and concerned as we think of that vast body of water below us. 26(How did ancient people account for those mysterious things they saw? B)[听前预测] 选项中多次出现notice, ignore, avoid explanation等词，由此推测对话可能 与某种现象以及对这一现象的态度有关，可能会提问他们对所看到的现象持有什么样的态度 等问题。 [答案详解] 事实细节题【考频:84】。短文开头几句话提到，我们人类已经发现宇宙中 有无穷无尽的秘密，我们不但想知道是什么而且想知道为什么，而古人们创造出许多神话故 事来解释他们发现的神秘现象。故B)正确。 27(What did ancient Chinese people consider the Milky Wav to be? C)[听前预测] 从A)“不明飞行物的来源”，B)“天堂”，C)“天堂中的河流”，D)“天空 中的光”来推断，本题很可能是对Heaven中某一现象或事物的具体表述。 [答案详解] 事实细节题【考频:84】。短文中提到To the ancient Chinese it appeared as a luminous(发光的，发亮的)river, which they referred to as the River of Heaven or the Silver Stream。这说明古代的中国人认为Milky Way就是the River of Heaven，故C)为正确答案。 28(Why is the Milky Way mysterious to humans even now? D)[听前预测] 选项中多次出现luminous, broad, remote以及where the heaven is等信息的 暗示，由此推测本题很可能是在回答造成某些现象或认识的原因，因此注意对听力材料中类 似信息词的捕捉。 [答案详解] 目的原因题【考频:11】。短文后半部分具体表述了迄今为止Milky Way仍 旧非常神秘的原因，那就是it remains equally mysterious in many ways because it is so remote from us。这说明是距离的遥远造成了现在的神秘感，故D)为正确答案。 Passage Two "High tech" and "state of the art" are two expressions that describe very modern technology. (29)High tech is just a shorter way of saying high technology. And high technology describes any invention, system or device that uses the newest ideas or discoveries of science and engineering. What is high tech? A computer is high tech. So is a communications satellite. A modern manufacturing system is surely high tech. (30)High tech became a popular expression in the United States during the early 1980's. Because of improvements in technology, people could buy many new kinds of products in American stores, such as home computers, microwave ovens, ere. "State of the art" is something that is as modern as possible. It is a product that is based on the very latest methods and technology. Something that is "state of the art" means the newest possible design or product of a business or industry. A state of the art television set, for example. uses the most modern electronic design and parts. It is the best that one can buy. "State of the art" is not a new expression. Engineers have used it for years, to describe the best and most modern way of doing something. (30) Millions of Americans began to use the expression in the late 1970's. (31)The reason was the computer revolution. Every computer company claimed that its computers were "state of the art". Computer technology changed so fast that a state of the art computer today might be old tomorrow. The expression "state of the art" became as common and popular as computers themselves. Now all kinds of products are said to be "state of the art". 29(What is the author's purpose for this passage? A)[听前预测] 从题目选项的表述来判断，选项多在表述high tech与state of the art的区 别、发展状况、定义等，根据动词不定式的结构，可以推测本题很可能是来回答文章的写作 目的。 [答案详解] 综合理解题【考频:14】。短文开始提到High tech is just a shorter way of saying high technology. And high technology describes any invention, system or device that uses the newest ideas or discoveries of science and engineering. 后面又具体表明了何为high tech, 何为 state of the art, 并且加以例证。因此不难推断本文的具体写作目的是表明什么是high tech和 the state of art, 故A)为正确答案。 30(Where were the expressions of "high tech" and "state of the art" first used? B)[听前预测] 从问题的选项来看，全部为国家名称，由此可以推测本题很可能提问某 一事物与选项中的哪个国家或地点相关。 [答案详解] 事实细节题【考频:84】。在具体阐述这两个名词时，短文中提到High tech became a popular expression in the United States during the early 1980's以及Millions of Americans began to use the expression in the late 1970's，故B)为正确答案。 31(Why did people begin to use the expression "state of the art"? B)[听前预测] 从选项中because一词可以推断本题是提问某一事物或现象的原因。 [答案详解] 目的原因题【考频:11】。短文在讲述“State of art”时提到，在20世纪70 年代末期有成千上百万的美国人开始使用这一表达，其原因就在于The reason was the computer revolution。故B)为正确答案。 Passage Three Reading to oneself is a modern activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds, while during the fifteenth century the term "reading" undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become commonplace. One should be careful, however, in assuming that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is a distraction to others. (33)Examination of factors related to the historical development of silent reading reveals that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character. (32)The 19th century saw a steady gradual increase in literacy, and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, so the number of potential listeners decreased, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, railway carriages and offices. There reading aloud would cause distraction to other readers. (34)Towards the end of the century there was still considerable argument over whether books should be used for information, and over whether the reading material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its virtues are, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the mass media on the one hand and by books and magazines for a specialized readership on the other. The social, cultural, and technological changes in the century had greatly altered what the term "reading" implied. 32(Why was reading aloud common before the nineteenth century? C)[听前预测] 选项中多次出现silent reading, read for themselves, read for entertainment等 表述，由此推测本题可能与阅读的目的有关，可能会提问为何要进行默读或者朗读。 [答案详解] 细节推断题【考频:23】。短文介绍了默读的起源与发展过程。在19世纪 以前人们通常都是朗读，主要是因为当时大部分人的文化水平较低，不能够自己进行阅读， 因此朗读是必要的。短文后面暗示19世纪后随着文化水平的提升，朗读已经没有必要，因 此从反面也可推出19世纪前主要是因为水平低、不能自己阅读才只能进行朗读的，故C) 为正确答案。 33(What did the development of silent reading during the nineteenth century indicate? B)[听前预测] 选项中多次出现change, increase等词，由此推测本题可能会提问某一事 物的发展变化或数量的增减。 [答案详解] 推理判断题【考频:39】。题干询问19世纪默读的快速发展意味着什么。 随着人们文化水平的提高，阅读的目的已经由为他人阅读转化到为自己阅读，由此可见阅读 在本质上已经发生了变化，这也是默读迅速流行的原因。短文中的in character与B)中的in nature同义，故B)为正确答案。 34(What are educationalists still arguing about? D)[听前预测] 从选项中出现的importance, healthy reading, value等词，由此推测本题可 能提问阅读的意义或阅读方式的作用等问题。 [答案详解] 细节推断题【考频:23】。题干中出现了argue一词，短文中argument是该 词的名词。短文中提到的专家们一直在争论读书是否是为了获取信息，同时在争论像报纸之 类的材料是否会弱化智力;短文后面也提到。Indeed this argument remains with us still in education。可以看出，教育界依然也存有这样的争论，故推断D)为正确答案。 35(What is the writer of this passage attempting to do? A)[听前预测] 选项中出现explain, change attitude, show, encourage等词，由此推测此题 可能与作者的写作意图有关。 [答案详解] 主旨大意题【考频:6】。短文一开始介绍了人们的阅读习惯是如何从朗读 逐渐过渡到默读的，然后介绍了默读形成的原因及发展过程，因此本文主要阐述了当今阅读 习惯的形成与发展，故A)为正确答案。 Section C 36(challenged [听时猜测] 此处应该填入一个动词的过去分词，原因是前面有be动词，后面又出现了 by结构，由此判断此处是被动语态。 [答题要诀] 语义推断题【考频:41】。根据信息词however可以判定前后两句为转折关 系。短文提到，想把一些重要的价值观教给孩子的愿望是好的，但是这种愿望会受到各种不 良因素的影响或挑战，因此空格处应填入具有“挑战，影响”意义的词。 37(reflection [听时猜测] 根据上文中counsel“忠告，劝告”和选择连词or的提示，前后是平行结构，此处是一个名词。 [答题要诀] 语义推断题【考频:41】。根据上文的提示:正是由于工作的繁忙，我们很少有时间对孩子进行指导或者自我反思，因此空格处应填入具有类似意思的词。 38(professional [听时猜测] 修 饰关系题【考频:9】。由名词skills，判断此处缺少一个形容词。根据空后skills和紧接着的后文中提到的各级学校，因此不难猜测另一技能应为专业技能。 39(proficiency [听时猜测] 根据并列连词and的提示，此处缺少一个名词。 [答题要诀] 并列关系推断题【考频:9】。根据句中的主谓结构，“学校可以教给我们技术和„„”，我们可以判定空格处应填入具有“知识，技能”意义的词。 40(cooperative [听时猜测] 根据不定冠词a和后面名词的位置判断，此处需要形容词做定语。 [答题要诀] 修饰关系题【考频:9】。此处列举了一些可以帮助孩子取得成功的优良品质，如勤奋、乐观、有创造力等，由此判断此处应填写类似的形容词。 41(honesty [听时猜测] 根据并列连词and判定此处填写一个名词。 [答题要诀] 并列关系推断题【考频:10】。根据前文名词提示可知，此处缺少一个表示优良品质的名词。 42(assignment [听时猜测] 语境同现题【考频:7】。定冠词the暗示此处缺少一个名词作take的宾语，构成短语take something seriously。上文提到优良品质的培养是家长的工作，因此家长要严肃对待这个工作或任务，因此应填入此类意思的名词。 43(frustrations [听时猜测] 并列连词推断题【考频:10】。此处应填入一个名词。根据hurdle(障碍)，social obstacle(社会障碍)的提示，此处缺少类似意思的名词，此处挫折(frustrations)容易听到，但是还要注意frustration是可数名词，应用作复数形式。 44(tasks won't always be assigned fairly, the good guys won't always win, and money won't be in ample supply 45(Write down the most important messages you want your children to truly understand by the time they enter the real world 46(By identifying the specific attributes you would like to see in your children, you're more likely to reinforce those characteristics Part ? Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth) Section A 47(they are low-quality(ones) [定位] 根据题干中的have no obligation to save some school可以定位到首段第三、四句。 [精析] 同义转述题【考频:18】。题目考查我们没有义务救助一些学校的原因。原文提到，正如社会上存在一些低质量的企业一样，低质量的学校也同样存在，所以不能因为低质量的学校存在，我们就有义务救助它们。题干中要求填入一个由because引导的原因状语从句，所以确定答案为they are low-quality(ones)。 48(financial squeeze [定位] 根据题干中的thriving institutions和threatened可以定位到第二段第一、二句。 [精析] 同义转述题【考频:18】。题目考查许多充满活力的教育机构同样也面临着巨大的危险的原因。第二段指出，这些教育机构同样也面临着巨大的危险，虽然这些教育机构doing a fine job educationally，但是它们经常陷入financial squeeze，后面用with引导的介词短语对financial squeeze作进一步的陈述。 49(get into difficulties/troubles [定位] 根据题干中的“go under”in the third paragraph可以定位到第三段第三句。 [精析] 细节推断题【考频:10】。题目考查短语“go under”的意思。本段第二句提到“较低的入学率并不是它们的主要问题”，第三句中的even with full enrollment与第二句中的low enrollment形成对比，所以短语“go under”在意思上应该与not their chief problem形成对比，也就是说，短语“go under”的意思有可能为“面临巨大的问题，陷入困境”，即get into difficulties/troubles。 50(a national necessity [定位] 根据题干中的public institutions will be dominant和diversity可以定位到第三段倒数第二句。 [精析] 同义转述题【考频:18】。题目考查公立教育机构一统天下的局面对diversity(多样性，不同)带来的影响。第三段倒数第二句提到，现在公立教育机构一统天下的局面是不可避免的，然后用表示因果关系的副词therefore指出了这一局面带来的后果diversity is a national necessity。 51(sustaining private higher education is important [定位] 根据题干中的are supportive of public higher education可以定位到最后一段末句。 [精析] 同义转述题【考频:18】。题目考查支持公立高等教育的人士的看法。最后一段末句指出，支持公立高等教育的人士也认识到了维持私立高等教育的重要性。题干中的who are supportive of是对原文中Ardent(热心的)supporters的同义转述，而且题干要求填入一个由that引导的宾语从句，所以需要将原句中的名词短语转变成句子。 Section B Passage One 52([定位] 由题干中的brands infiltrate people's daily life定位到首段最后一句Brands are infiltrating people's everyday lives—by sticking their logos on clothes... D)[精析] 综合推理题【考频:64】。首段最后一句提到品牌正在渗透到人们的日常生活中，然后借助破折号后介绍了多种方式:将它们的标志粘贴到衣服上，在音乐会上，在地铁站的墙壁上，甚至在 小学 小学生如何制作手抄报课件柳垭小学关于三违自查自纠报告小学英语获奖优质说课课件小学足球课教案全集小学语文新课程标准测试题 教室里。D)“让产品的相关信息出现在公众场所”对原文中提到的众多方式进行了 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf ，所以为正确答案。 [避错] A)“把标志印到人们的衣服上”、B)“让他们的品牌出现在小学里”和C)“想方设法把产品投放到超市的货架上”都在原文中有所提及，但是都只是其中的一种方式，不具有概括性，均可以排除。 53([定位] 由题干中的位置提示定位到第三段首句Our intellectual lives and our public spaces are being taken over by marketing—and that has real implications for citizenship. B)[精析] 事实细节题【考频:35】。第三段首句指出，“我们的智力生活和公共空间正在被营销活动占据”，然后使用了代词that指出“对于市民来说，那具有真正的含意”，这样就不难得出that指代前文提到的marketing，更确切地说，是指代前面的整个句子。因此B)“市场营销”为本题的正确答案。 [避错] 根据前面的分析，A)“我们的智力生活和公共空间”;C)“市民”和D)“健康的文化”均不是that指代的内容，可以排除。 54([定位] 由题干中的companies cut their cost定位到第五段第一、二句To pay for those campaigns, those same companies figured out ways to cut costs elsewhere, for example, by using contract... B)[精析] 事实细节题【考频:35】。第五段首句指出，为了给这些活动筹集资金，那些公司想出很多方法来减少其他方面的开支;接着使用for example进行举例:使用contract labor(合同劳动力)和low-wage labor(低薪劳动力);第二句又具体介绍了contract labor实际上 是一种临时聘用的劳动力，即temporary labors，而low-wage labor也就是cheap labors。综 合起来。B)“他们使用临时劳动力和廉价劳动力”是原文的同义转述，为正确答案。 [避错] A)“为了节约资金，他们辞掉了一些员工”文中没有提到;C)“他们拒绝支付员 工们的健康保险金”不符合原文意思，因为聘用合同劳动力(临时劳动力)的公司不需要为他 们交纳健康保险金;D)“他们在市场营销活动上进行投资”，营销活动需要消耗资金，不可能降低成本，可以排除。 55([定位] 由题干中的partner with private companies定位到最后一段第一、二句The massive expansion of marketing campaigns in the 1980s... those institutions much too willing, even eager, to partner with private companies. D)[精析] 细节推断题【考频:93】。最后一段第一句指出，20世纪80年代市场营销活 动大规模扩张的同时，政府对学校和博物馆的投入削减。第二句接着指出这一现象带来的后果:这些机构非常愿意，甚至渴望与私人企业开展合作。所以D)“政府对教育机构的投入 大幅度减少”就是这些机构希望与私人公司合作的原因，为本题的正确答案。 [避错] 这些机构希望与企业合作的主要原因在于经费不足，而A)“市场营销活动已经 得到大规模的扩张”能够使双方合作成为可能，但并不是希望与企业合作的原因，所以可以排除;B)“他们打算向民众灌输营销思想”和C)“他们打算成为以市场为导向的机构”均 未在原文中提及，可以排除。 56([定位] 由题干中的the massive expansion of marketing campaigns定位到最后一段最 后一句But companies took advantage of the needs of those institutions, reaching too far, and overwhelming the civic space with their marketing agendas. B)[精析] 细节推断题【考频:93】。最后一段首句提到20世纪80年代市场营销活动得 到大规模扩张，然后提到了产生的影响，教育机构希望与企业合作。最后一句指出，公司正是利用了那些机构的需要，而且做得有些过分，导致整个市民空间完全被公司的营销计划淹没了。通过作者的用词took advantage of, too far和overwhelming可以看出，作者是不赞成 企业大规模扩张市场营销活动，也就是持否定态度，所以B)为本题的正确答案。 [避错] A)“肯定的”;C)“中立的”和D)“漠不关心”均与原文意思不符。 Passage Two 57([定位] 由题干定位到首段Basically, there are three types of fatigue: physical, pathological, and psychological. As you might suspect, each differs significantly from the others. B)[精析] 综合判断题【考频:64】。通过分析文章的结构可知，文章采用总分结构进行论述，先总后分，第一段进行了总述，指出疲劳分为三种类型:身体上的、由疾病引起的和心理上的。这也正是本文的主题所在，所以B)为本题的正确答案。 [避错] A)“失眠问题”，在文中未涉及到;C)“疲劳的危险”和D)“人们需要休息”两 项内容均在文中有所提及，但都只是文章论述的一个方面，并不是对全文的概括，也就不是全文的主题。 58([定位] 由题干中的Physical fatigue和caused定位到第二段第四句Excess wastes in the muscles may produce soreness. B)[精析] 细节推断题【考频:93】。第二段第四句指出，肌肉里过多的Excess wastes(废 弃物)会给人带来痛苦，根据上下文，这里的“痛苦”就是指fatigue“疲劳”。由此可见，身体上的疲劳是由于Excess wastes in the muscles所致，所以B)为本题的正确答案。 [避错] A)“过多的刺激物”，文中指出身体上的疲劳是由“血液中的废弃物”产生的，所以可以排除;C)“疾病”是造成病理性疲劳的原因，而不是造成身体上的疲劳的原因;D)“缺乏锻炼”不会造成疲劳，与之相反，锻炼才有可能造成疲劳，可以排除。 59([定位] 由题干中的pathological fatigue定位到第三段第一、二句Have you ever become involved in so many activities that you had to be in two places at once? This is what happens when your body has a disease. A)[精析] 事实细节题【考频:35】。第三段第一句提出疑问，你有没有过同时参与到很多的活动中感觉自己有些无法集中精力的经历，第二句中接着指出，这是身体出现疾病时的症状，但是不一定是pathological fatigue“病理性疲劳”的症状，所以A)“你同时参与到很多的活动中，感觉自己有些无法集中精力”与病理性疲劳无关，为本题的答案。 [避错] B)“你的身体出现疾病”，文中提到传染性疾病和非传染性疾病都会产生病理性疲劳，可以身体出现疾病是病理性疲劳的一个症状，说法正确;C)“细胞无法同时做到既与疾病抗争又保持身体的活跃状态”，这一点在第三段第三句有明确描述;D)“首先要做的事情是治愈疾病”，第三段第八句指出，“很显然，如果不进行治疗，这种类型的疲劳是无法消除的”，由此可见，想要消除病理性疲劳，首先要治愈引起疲劳的疾病，该项正确。 60([定位] 由题干定位到第四段第八、九、十句If you are ever going to be able to cope with stress,... throw themselves into physical labor like cleaning or carpentry to "de-fatigue" themselves. C)[精析] 细节推断题【考频:93】。第四段第八句指出，应对心理疲劳需要做到两点:身体内的细胞需要氧气和需要有更为乐观的心态;第九、十句提出具体的做法:do something, throw yourselves into physical labor，可以做点事情或进行体力劳动来缓解心理疲劳，而jogging(慢跑)属于physical labor，所以C)“慢跑可以作为解决心理问题的一条途径”符合文章意思，为正确答案。 [避错] A)“每一种疲劳都需要进行医治”，文章第二段在论述Physical fatigue时提到，“解决这种类型的疲劳的方法很简单，进行休息就可以了”，并不需要进行医治;B)“病理性疲劳持续不会持续很长时间”，文章第三段在论述pathological fatigue时提到，“如果不进行治疗，这种类型的疲劳是无法消除的”，可见病理性疲劳可能会持续很长时问;D)“心理疲劳无法治疗”，本项的说法与C)的说法矛盾，心理疲劳也是可以治疗的。 61([定位] 由选项定位到第三段段末两句Even a poor diet can produce pathological fatigue. Frequently, people, who go on crash diets develop pathological fatigue,... they may do physical harm to their bodies. C)[精析] 综合判断题【考频:64】。第三段段末两句指出，改善不良的饮食习惯有助于消除病理性疲劳，但是在第四段对心理性疲劳的叙述中仅提到进行体力劳动有助于消除疲劳，但是没有提到改善不良的饮食习惯，由此可见改善不良的饮食习惯不能消除心理性疲劳，所以C)的说法正确。 [避错] A)“睡觉可以消除所有类型的疲劳”，第四段第七句指出，休息对于心理性疲劳来说是致命的，可见作为休息的形式之一的睡觉并不能消除所有类型的疲劳，所以该项表述错误;B)“心理健康的人不会遭受疲劳之苦”，疲劳分为三种类型，心理健康的人可能不会产生心理性疲劳，但是有可能产生其他两种类型的疲劳，该项表述错误;D)“如果你做自己喜欢的事情的话，是不会感到疲劳的”，通过常识就可以判断该项的表述是错误的。 Part ? Cloze 62(C) [精解] 固定搭配题【考频:13】。“对„„表示同情”为show/have sympathy for...介词应该选用for，所以C)为正确答案。 [避错] 其他三个介词不与sympathy搭配，可以排除。 63(A) [精解] 代词辨析题【考频:2】。根据常识可知，鲸鱼和人类同属哺乳动物，两者之间的血缘关系比较近。选用none与比较级搭配表示“没有比它更近的了”，符合句意。 [避错] C)nobody指代入;D)nothing指代事物，均可排除。 64(D) [精解] 名词辨析题【考频:42】。本句的意思为“鲸鱼如何进入海洋是进化史上最引人关注的故事之一”，而且下文介绍了鲸鱼的进化过程，所以本题应选择evolution“生化，演变”。 [避错] A)revolution“革命”;B)resolution“决定，决心”和C)solution“解答，解决方法”均不符合句意。 65(B) [精解] 关系副词题【考频:18】。根据语境可知，空格处所在的句子为定语从句，先行词为sea shores，表示地点，所以where符合题意，为正确答案。 [避错] what和which为关系代词，可以排除;when引导表示时间的定语从句，也可以排除。 66(B) [精解] 介词辨析题【考频:4】。本句介绍鲸鱼的身体进化的具体情况，句首为表示实现进化的时间，所以选择over“在„„之上，越过”，意思为“在1000万到1500万年前”。其他三个介词都没有这种用法，可以排除。 67(C) [精解] 名词辨析题【考频:42】。根据主句中的“鲸鱼成为最大的动物”可以推断出相应的原因:“有了充足的食物供应”，supplies“供应，补给”符合句意，为正确答案。 [避错] A)support“支持”;B)preparation“准备”和D)supplement“补充，补遗”均不符合句意，可以排除。 68(D) [精解] 副词辨析题【考频:18】。空格后面为比较级形式的larger，四个选项中能够修饰比较级的副词只有far，所以本题的答案为D)。能修饰比较级的词语或短语还有much, a little, a bit, by far等。 69(A) [精解] 介词辨析题【考频:4】。承接前文提到的鲸鱼身体庞大，本句进行了类比，鲸鱼的artery(动脉)非常大，足够小孩在其中游泳。因为artery是一个封闭空间，所以选用介词through。 70(C) [精解] 固定搭配题【考频:13】。本句是一个倒装句，转化成正常句序有助于理解，意思为“庞大的身体带来了惊人的力量”。come with“与„„随之而来的”符合句意，为本题的正确答案。 71(D) [精解] 固定搭配题【考频:13】。本题考查“以„„的速度”的表达，应该为at the speed of...，句中省略了the speed of，后面直接接了15 knots(15海里/小时)。所以选择介词of。 72(B) [精解] 介词辨析题【考频:4】。根据句意“尽管鲸鱼身体庞大，但是它们运动的速度 非常快”，所以句首选择表示让步关系的despite，后面直接接名词，不需要任何其他介词，故B)为本题的正确答案。 73(A) [精解] 动词辨析题【考频:46】。上一句提到鲸鱼的运动速度非常快，本句进行了具体的解释，18吨重的鲸鱼在短距离内的速度甚至能够达到12 m. p. h. ，所以的正确答案为top，此处作动词使用，意思为“高过，超越”。 [避错] B)cross“使交叉，横过”;C)overcome“战胜，克服”和D)speed“加速，飞跑”都不符合句意，可以排除。 74(C) [精解] 固定搭配题【考频:13】。本句的句意为“一条鲸鱼一天能够吃掉重达9000磅的食物”，所以动词eat“吃，吞”和短语up to“高达”结合起来就是本题的答案，但原文中已经出现了to，所以最终确定答案为C)。 [避错] 注意不要把本题错误的理解成考查eat up“乞光”。短语feed up的意思为“供给„„食物”。 75(B) [精解] 动词辨析题【考频:46】。本题选择B)feeds与句中的介词on构成固定动词短语feed on“以„„为食”，其余三个介词均无法与on构成搭配，可以排除。 76(D) [精解] 动词辨析题【考频:46】。根据句意可知，下一句是对本句的具体解释，下一句提到“因为小鲸鱼是在水下出生的，所以母亲必须帮助它在被淹死之前浮出水面”，这样也就培养出了鲸鱼的Maternal instincts“母性的本能”。动物的一种本能的形成需要相当长的时间，所以动词develop“逐渐形成，进化”符合句意。 [避错] 其余选项中的动词grow“生长，成长”，train“训练，培养”和foster“养育，抚育”，其过程都不是太长，不符合句意，可以排除。 77(A) [精解] 动词辨义题【考频:46】。根据句意“母亲必须在小鲸鱼被淹死之前帮助它浮出水面”，动词drown本身就可以表示“溺死，淹死”的意思，不需要进行任何补充说明，所以A)为本题的正确答案。 78(A) [精解] 连接词辨义题【考频:10】。根据句意“鲸鱼妈妈轻轻地推着小鲸鱼游动，直到小鲸鱼对自己的游泳技术很有信心为止”，所以应选择连词until“直到„„才”。 [避错] B)up to“达到„„”;C)while“当„„的时候”和D)unless“如果不，除非”均不符合句意，可以排除。 79(B) [精解] 形容词辨义题【考频:20】。“出生之后就死亡”可以用B)中的born dead来表达，这里的dead是形容词作主语补足语，补充说明句子的主语the calf的情况。其余三个选项中的表达均不正确，可以排除。 80(C) [精解] 固定搭配题【考频:13】。根据句意，“与其他的哺乳动物一样，小鲸鱼靠吃妈妈的奶生活”，“以„„为食”可以用短语feed on表示，所以C)符合题意。 [避错] B)feed up的意思为“供给„„食物”可以排除;feed不和with或from搭配，也可以排除。 81(D) [精解] 介词辨义题【考频:4】。根据句意，“小鲸鱼每天能够生长两英寸”，用by表示 “达到„„程度”。 [避错] A)with“同„„在一起，与„„同时”;B)for“为了，给，因为”;C)as“与„„一样，作为”。这三个介词都不表示“达到„„程度”，可以排除。 Part ? Translation 82(if he should discover you often make personal long distance calls in the office [考点] ?虚拟语气【考频:35】;?“打私人长途电话”的习惯用法。【考频:9】 [精析] 主句中采用了虚拟语气，从句也应该与之相匹配，所以采用should虚拟语气;“打私人长途电话”可译为make personal long distance calls。 [语法扩展] 从句中的虚拟语气还可以采用另外一种形式:if he discovered you often made...。 83(longer than we had expected [考点] ?比较级的使用【考频:31】;?连词than后面接句子的用法。 [精析] 题干中给出的“多”可译成longer或more;expect(预计)这个动作发生在采用过去式的took之前，所以需要使用过去完成时。 84(are facing the problem of lack of water resource [考点] ?“面临问题”习惯用法的译法【考频:9】;?“淡水资源短缺”的习惯用法【考频:9】。 [精析] “面临问题”可译成face the problem;“淡水资源短缺”可译成lack of water resource。 [语法扩展] “淡水资源短缺”还可以译成shortage of water resource。 85(are very exhausted for they have advanced forward without rest [考点] ?习惯用法【考频:9】;?“向前走”的译法。 [精析] “非常疲惫”可以译成very exhausted或者extremely exhausted;“向前走”可以译成advance forward。 [语法扩展] 句中的因果关系可以用for或because引导的状语从句来表达。 86(be aware of the coldness of their attitude [考点] 固定搭配【考频:35】。 [精析] “意识到”可译成be aware of或be conscious of;“态度的冷淡”可译成the coldness of their attitude或者their cold attitude。