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词汇 DEF
教学目标：1.初高中以DEF字母开头的单词用法
2.初高中重点句型应用
教学重难点：1.初高中以DEF字母开头的单词用法联合记忆
2.初高中重点句型应用
一. 重点词汇及短语
1. death
【用法】 n. 死，死亡 lose one’s life 丧命，死亡
My dog died two days ago.我的狗２天前死了。
【拓展】 die v. 死亡 dead adj. 死亡的 be dead 死了（持续性词组）
2. decide
【用法】vt./vi. 决定
I have decided to go to Hainan for a holiday.我决定去海南度假。
【搭配】decide to do sth 决定做某事
【拓展】decision n. 决定 make a decision 作决定
Wearing red can help you when you are having difficulty making a decision.当你很难做决定时，穿红色可以帮助你。
3. devote
【用法】v. 献身，专心于
【搭配】devote...... to......把什么献给......
致力于，献身于，专心于
be devoted to 致力于，专心于
【举例】He devoted his life to literature.
专心致志于文学。
We should devote ourselves to the duties of our profession.
我们应当献身于我们的职责。
【考点】 to 为介词，后加动词ing
【拓展】 devoted adj. 热爱的，全心全意的 devotedly adv. 全心全意地
【演练】1.All her time _____the experiment ,she had no time to see
the film.
A.devote to do B.devoted to doing
C.devoting to doing D.is devoted to do
4. discover
【用法】vt. 发现，发觉
Let’s discover how the power of colour can change your moods!
让我们发现颜色的力量是怎样改变我们的情绪。
【拓展】discovery n.发现；发觉
【辨析】◆look for意为“寻找”，强调找的动作，是延续性动词，如句1。
◆find意为“找到、发现、感到”，强调找的结果，是非延续性动词，
◆find out意为“查明、发现、了解”，指经过认真观察、调查或研究把某事、某物查出来、搞清楚，多用于复杂而不容易直接查出的情况，
◆discover意为“发现、发觉”，指发现某种情况或发现早已存在而未为人知的东
【举例】请根据所给汉语意思，完成下列英语句子，每空词数不限。
1. 最后，我在床底下找到了那本书。
I ________________ under the bed in the end.
2. 我爸爸正到处找他的护照。
My father ________________ his passport everywhere.
3. 我们必须查明真相。
We must ________________.
4. 你知道哥伦布什么时候发现了美洲吗？
Do you know when Columbus ________________ America?
5. divide
【用法】v. 分开；分配；
【搭配】divide…into… 把…分成… be divided into… …被分成…
A year is divided into four seasons.一年分为四个季节。
【拓展】divide与separate的区别
1) divide 划分；把整体分成若干部分，常和介词into连用，如
eg. The world is divided into five continents.
2)separate 分隔；把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开来，挑拣出来的意思;常和from连用，
eg. The Taiwan Straits separates Taiwan from Fujian.
【演练】Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20-hour operation to have ____________ one-year-old twins at the head.
A isolated B separated C divided D removed
6. doubt
【用法】vt./n. 怀疑
【搭配】There is no doubt that+句子/ of + n .......毫无疑问 =without doubt
There is some doubt about whether...... 对.....有疑问
have no doubt+ that从句 对...毫无怀疑
【活用】I doubt if he.will forgive me this time.
【注意】当doubt前有否定词时，用that 引导从句；don't doubt that
若无否定词时，后面用whether或if 引导从句。doubt if/ whether
【演练】_________ for us to discuss the problem again. It has already been settled.
A. It has no doubt B. There has no doubt
C. It is no need D. There is no need
7. dress
【用法】vt.给…穿衣服 n.服装
【搭配】dress up as 装扮成 辨析：dress sb 给某人穿衣服
【辨析】
区别
例子
dress
指穿衣服的动作
The mother dressed the baby and took her to the park.
be dressed in
穿着，指状态：
She is always dressed in the red dress.
be in,
穿着，指状态：
The boy in sports suit is his brother.
put on
穿上，指穿衣服的动作：
It’s raining now. Put on your raincoat.
wear
穿着，指状态。还可指戴眼镜，手套，手
表
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，首饰
She is wearing his necklace.
have on
穿着，指状态；
He has on a green overcoat today.
【举例】Do you know the girl ____ a red coat?
A. dressed in B. had on C. wore D. put on
8. face
【用法】v. 面对；面向 n. 脸；面孔;
【搭配】1.face to face 面对面地。
They stand face to face talking.他们面对面地站在那里谈着。
2.make a face at 向……做鬼脸。
He made faces at the baby to make it laugh.
他向婴儿做鬼脸来逗他发笑。
9. fail
【用法】v. 失败；忽视
I was very sad because I failed the exam.
我非常伤心因为我这次考试没及格。
【搭配】fail in sth. 在某事物中失败
I passed in maths but failed in French. 我数学及格,但法语不及格。
【拓展】n. failure 失败；不成功
【举例】The open university was started in order to help those who _____ having a university education when they were young.
A. stopped B. failed C. missed D. ceased
C. missed. miss doing sth.没有做某事：I missed seeing the film when it was shown at school.(学校放映那部电影时，我没有能去看。)
10. expect
【用法】v.预料；期望
【搭配】expect to do expect sb. to do
expect that
【辨析】expect, hope, wish, expect, want, desire和look forward to
hope希望（结果容易实现） hope to do/hope that
wish希望，愿望（结果难以实现，常用在虚拟语气句中）
wish to do/wish sb. to do/wish that/wish sth
look forward to doing
desire to do/ desire sb. to do/ desire sth./ desire that
want to do/ want sb. to do/want sth
【举例】The girl _____ to be a good dancer if she is well trained in an art school.
A. expects B．allows C．wishes D．promises
11. fall (fell, fallen)
【用法】v. 落下；摔倒； n. 秋天
【搭配】1.fall asleep 入睡
2. fall behind 落后
3. fall ill 患病，病倒
4. fall in love with 喜欢
I went to Shanghai last year and fell in love with it.
我去年去的上海，我喜欢上了这座城市。
5. fall off 摔倒 He fell off his bike. 他从车上摔了下来。
【举例】① Babies often fall _____________when they are learning a walk.
② Our team seems to have fallen _________the others.
③ As soon as the enemies fell_____, the people returned to their village.
④ She fell _________the bench and has her leg broken.
⑤ We fell _________laughing when we heard the joke.
⑥ I have a little money in the bank to fall____________.
⑦ She ________to telling us what had happened to her.
⑧ It _______to me to inform her of her son’s death.
⑨ Our plans have ______ _______because of lack of money.
12. familiar
【用法】adj. 熟悉的
【搭配】be familiar with sb.
I am familiar with some of the pop stars.我和一些明星熟悉。
be familiar to sb 为某人所熟悉
【拓展】反义词：unfamiliar
13. famous
【用法】adj. 著名的
【搭配】1.be famous for…因…而著名
2. be famous as 作为……身份而出名
Einstein was famous as a great scientist.
He was famous for his Theory of Relativity.
爱因斯坦以一位伟大的科学家而著称，他以他的相对论而闻名。
3. be famous to… 为....所知
14. far (farther, farthest /further, furthest)
【用法】adv.远 adj.很，极，太 可修饰比较级
【搭配】1. far away 很远，遥远。
The new music teacher lives far away.新来的音乐教师住得很远。
2.as far as 就，至于。
As far as I know, he has been to the town only once.
据我所知，他只去过镇上一次。
3. so far 迄今为止
So far the work has been easy到目前为止,这工作很容易。
4．far from 远离
The school is not far from here. 学校离这不远。
【辨析】比较级farther/further 最高级farthest/furthest
further study 进一步学习
That park is farther than this one. 那个公园比这个远。
15. forget
【用法】vi. vt. 忘记
【搭配】forget to do sth 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做过某事
Do not forget to bring your books here.不要忘记把你的书带来。
【辨析】forget 意思是“忘记”某事，而leave则是将物品“遗留”在某地。
I forget that we had met at a meeting before.
我忘了我们以前在一次会议上见过面。
I left the book in his house. 我把书忘在他家里了。
【举例】He ran back into the room to see if he had anything _____________ behind.-
A. forgotten B. laid C. remained D. left
二. 重要句型
句型11：the ＋比较级，the ＋比较级
The more one has，the more one wants．越有越贪。
句型12：．．．as＋adj．／adv．＋as．．．
．．．not as（so）＋adj．／adv．＋as．．．
Do you think that art is as important as music？
你认为艺术和音乐一样重要吗？
Last Sunday the weather was not so wet as it is today．
上个星期天的天气不如今天的天气潮湿。
句型13：more／less＋adj．＋than．．．
I think English is more useful than Japanese．我认为英语比日语有用。
I think art is less important than music．我认为艺术不如音乐重要。
句型14：stop．．．from doing sth．
The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from blowing the earth away．
绿色长城将阻挡风吹走土壤。
句型15：both．．．and．．．
Both you and I are students．我和你都是学生。
句型16：either．．．or．．．
Either you or he is wrong ．不是你错就是他错。
句型17：neither．．．nor．．．
Neither he nor I am a student．我和他都不是学生。
句型18：．．．as soon as．．．
As soon as I see him，I'll give him the message．
我一见到他，我就把你的消息告诉他。
句型19：．．．so＋adj．／adv．＋that．．．
I was so tired that I didn't want to speak．我累得连话也不想说了。
句型20：Though．．．＋主句
Though I like writing to my pen-friend，it takes a lot of time．
虽然我喜欢给笔友写信，但它要耗费我大量时间。
三. 重点语法
形容词和副词
I. 形容词：
1. 形容词的位置：
1) 形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置：
1
修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时
nobody absent, everything possible
2
以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后
the best book available, the only solution possible
3
alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置
the only person awake
4
和空间、时间、单位连用时
a bridge 50 meters long
5
成对的形容词可以后置
a huge room simple and beautiful
6
形容词短语一般后置
a man difficult to get on with
2) 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序：
代词
数词
性状形容词
冠词前的形容词
冠词
指示代词
不定代词
代词所有格
序数词
基数词
性质
状态
大小
长短
形状
新旧
温度
颜色
国籍
产地
材料
质地
名词
all
both
such
the
a
this
another
your
second
next
one
four
beautiful
good
poor
large
short
square
new
cool
black
yellow
Chinese
London
silk
stone
3) 复合形容词的构成：
1
形容词+名词+ed
kind-hearted
6
名词+形容词
world-famous
2
形容词+形容词
dark-blue
7
名词+现在分词
peace-loving
3
形容词+现在分词
ordinary-looking
8
名词+过去分词
snow-covered
4
副词+现在分词
hard-working
9
数词+名词+ed
three-egged
5
副词+过去分词
newly-built
10
数词+名词
twenty-year
II. 副词
副词的分类：
1
时间副词
soon, now, early, finally, once, recently
5
频度副词
always, often, frequently, seldom, never
2
地点副词
here, nearby, outside, upwards, above
6
疑问副词
how, where, when, why
3
方式副词
hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really
7
连接副词
how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile
4
程度副词
almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather
8
关系副词
when, where, why
III. 形容词和副词比较等级：
形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。
1. 同级比较时常常用 as…as…以及not so(as)…as…如：I am not so good a player as you are.
2. 可以修饰比较级的词有：much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal。
3. 表示一方随另一方变化时用“the more…the more…”句型。如：The harder you work, the more progress you will make.
4. 用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如：I have never spent a more worrying day.
5. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：
Our school is three times larger than yours./Our school is four times as large as yours./Our school is four times the size of yours.
6. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如：favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect。
四. 课后练习
（一） 词汇填空
1. They eat a lot of _________(土豆).
2. Indiren can speak English well. But she is an __________(意大利人).
3. Would you like something __________(别的)?
4. Walk along the road and turn right at the third __________(十字路口).
5. It' s about five _________(天) work.
6. Do you think it _________(必需的) for us to learn to wait?
7. A few minutes __________(后), I saw the plane again.
8. It's not a very good line. Could you speak more _________(清楚) ?
9. Bob is no __________(不再) a young man.
10. The Green family __________(归来) to China last Friday.
11. You must stop _________(抽烟).
12. Hangzhou is one of the most beautiful __________(城市) in the world.
13. Have you visited my ____________(工作场所)?
14. Go to school _________(穿着) your school clothes on Monday.
15. They can't __________(带) the baby with them to go swimming.
16. There are some ____________(桥) over the river.
17. That old man __________(死) five weeks ago.
18. Father looks very _________(担忧的) today.
19. Be careful when you ___________(横穿) the busy street.
20. I didn't have bread for breakfast, I had a bowl of porridge ________(代替).
21. His father's coming back ________(使得) him feel very happy.
22. Today I came to school ___________(没有) breakfast.
23. I was too busy and ___________(错过) the film "Titanic".
24. I will tell you when he __________(到达) my home.
25. Is the license in one of your __________(衣服口袋) ?
26. --What's wrong? --I ___________(割) one of my fingers just now.
27. If someone ___________(推) hard, the old man will fall over.
28. There are so many ___________(参观者) in the West Lake.
29. You must keep __________(安静) in class.
30. He __________(改变) his name when he was in the USA.
31. It's not good to laugh at others' ___________(错误).
32. There's nothing ____________(严重) with him, I think.
33. The food smells very _____________(好).
34, Of the three, Mr Brown is the _____________(胖).
35. Do you __________(相信) what he said?
36. ___________(或许) he will come here tomorrow.
37. Can you make the baby stop ___________(哭) ?
38. The film is really __________(精彩).
39. I ___________(梦) I was in Shanghai last night.
40. Her dog died last week, her cat died today, it made her very __________(悲伤)
41. Mike ____________(跌倒) off the chair and hurt his leg.
42. It's hard ___________(完成) the work in such a short time.
43.The big boy ___________(叫做) Wu Hai is the best player on his team.
44. Mary enjoys ____________(听) to the music.
45. This is a black cat ______________(有) one white ear and two white legs.
46. My mother _________(担忧)about my health and study very much.
47. The twins enjoyed ________(她们自己) at the party.
48. Her __________(最喜欢的) subjects at school are science and maths.
49. This is an __________(有趣) story book for children.
50. Please drive more _________(仔细).
（二）语法练习
1. The day is bright and ______. Let’s go for a walk.
A. sunny B. dark C. cloudy D. windy
2. The ice in the lake is about one meter ______. It’s strong enough to skate on.
A. long B. high C. thick D. wide
3. -Can you speak Chinese, Peter ? -Yes, but only ______.
A. little B. few C. a little D. a few
4. - ______ will Mr. Green go back to London? - In two weeks.
A. How often B. How long C. How soon D. How far
5. Some young people are now ______ to buy private cars.
A. rather rich B. very rich C. rich enough D. enough rich
6. It’s ______ nice of you to help him.
A. true B. truly C. real D. really
7. Don’t go out. It’s raining ______.
A. quickly B. heavily C. loudly D. hardly
8. - We are going to see a film this evening. Why not go with us?
- I have to do many things this evening. I’m ______, you see.
A. free B. glad C. sorry D. busy
9. Look ! ______ beautiful that lake is !
A. What B. How C. How a D. What a
10. - I’m sure I’ve got a bad cold. - Take this medicine, and you’ll feel ______.
A. healthy B. best C. good D. much better
11. – Excuse me, can you show me ______ to run the machine? - Certainly.
A. what B. how C. whether D. where
12. I’m still hungry. Could I have two ______ pieces of bread, please?
A. much B. many C. more D. most
13. - ______ do you have an English party ? - Twice a year.
A. How often B. How long C. How soon D. When
14. - Who did it better, Bill or Henry?
- I think Bill did just ______ Henry.
A. as well as B. as good as C. as better as D. more badly than
15. Miss Gao asked a question, but it was ______ that nobody could answer it.
A. very difficult B. too difficult C. difficult enough D. so difficult
16. Lucy said she hadn’t heard ______ music before.
A. such a beautiful piece of B. a beautiful
C. so beautiful a D. such a wonderful
17. I bought ______ exercise - books with ______ money.
A. a few, a few B. a few, a little C. a little, a few D. a little, a little
18. Li Ming did his homework ______. So he left school last.
A. easily B. quickly C. happily D. slowly
19. - My watch doesn’t work.. Could you mend it, please?
- Sorry. But the workers in that watch shop may be ______.
A. kind B. friendly C. nice D. helpful
20. I can’t say ______ I want to see you again. It’s a year since I last saw you.
A. how often B. how long C. how much D. how soon
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