IFD空气采样感烟探测器数据中心解决方案

IFD空气采样感烟探测器数据中心解决方案 Cirrus Pro IFD 云雾室空气采样感烟探测系统 计算机数据中心解决方案 展径贸易(上海)有限公司 a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel 目 录 一( 计算机数据中心极早期火灾防范的重要性 二( 计算机数据中心极早期火灾防范特点 三( 传统点式烟雾探测设备的局限性 四( Cirrus Pro IFD云雾室空气采样感烟探测器`的工作原理 五( Cirrus Pro IFD在计算机数据中心的应用优势 六( Cirrus Pro IFD网络结构 七( 云雾室型与激光型探测器性能比较 八( IFD探测器主要技术指标和参数 a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel 一(计算机数据中心极早期火灾防范的重要性 随着社会的发展和进步，以及现代科技及信息产 业的飞速发展，人们对书籍、资料和数据(印刷 版本、电子版本、电脑数据库等)的兴趣和需求 越来越强烈，已经成为我们日常工作和生活当中 的重要组成部分，为我们提供了知识和乐趣、资 料和数据以及信息等服务。我们对其的依赖也变 得日趋强烈。与过去的情况相比，计算机数据中 心的设施越来越先进，功能越来越完备，造价也 变得越来越昂贵，所以这些场所内部设施的一次 很小的火灾都将造成非常严重的灾害。其中不但 包括建筑物及设施本身的损失，而由此引发的包括珍贵的文史图书、资料和数据的损毁以及信息服务中断所带来的损失将是不可估量的。 因此，计算机数据中心的安全，特别是火灾防范，已经变成保障此类场所中有形及无形资产安全，确保服务正常进行的首要问题。但是，传统形式的火灾报警设备已经远远不能达到计算机数据中心这一类物品价值高、设施精密，有些部门还不能间断服务的场合的防护需求，为了计算机数据中心火灾防范问题，必须要有一种比现有设备更加先进，更加灵敏，更加稳定无误报，能够较好的适应这些场所特殊环境的新一代极早期火灾报警探测系统。 二( 计算机数据中心极早期火灾防范特点 相对一般意义的火灾防范，计算机数据中心有着自身的特点，主要 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 现在以下几个方面: 1. 易燃物品种类繁多--与过去相比，现代化的计算机数据中心内安置有大量计算机、电源及功能完备、价格昂贵的仪器设备、电线电缆及各种存储介质，其中设备内部的元器件，电缆绝缘外套多采用石碳酸纤维，聚氯乙烯等易燃 材料 关于××同志的政审材料调查表环保先进个人材料国家普通话测试材料农民专业合作社注销四查四问剖析材料 ，极易燃烧造成灾难性后果。另外，类似纸张，磁盘，磁带等各类存储介质也是构成火灾隐患的重要因素。 2. 火灾的诱发机制繁多，产生的危害也多种多样----计算机数据中心、数据库火灾通常可有多种原因诱发，其中包括传统的原因，也包括基于计算机数据中心自身特点的多种原因。据统计在造成火灾各类原因当中，32%的火灾由电力供应系统(交直流电源、电池、发电机及供电线路等)引发，18%的火灾由建筑内的其他电器设备引发，其中包括供电系统，电梯，空调，加热设备，照明系统等等。10%的火灾则直接由设备内部的线路引发。设备一旦发生火灾，不但会对设备造成直接危害，而且由于电器设备当中的特殊材料燃烧所产生的气体具有较强的腐蚀性，也将对设备及周围的物品造成长久的危害。 3. 对于计算机数据中心来说，机房内设备昂贵，对火灾的敏感性极高，——与过去相比，计算机、数据库及其辅助设施日益先进，价格昂贵、价值巨大。一块卡，一个模块、一张磁a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel 盘的损坏都将造成巨大的损失。随着科技的 发展，电子产品集成度越来越高，体积越来 越小，由此导致单位空间内的火灾潜在危险 也越来越高。大型计算机或数据库机柜由原 来的4米变成了现在的2米左右，原来安置 在多个房间内的设备也全部集中在一个机 房当中，因此，火灾对计算机、数据库等设 施本身及其运行将造成更为严重的影响。另 外，由于设备的高度集成化，设备运行对环境的要求越来越高，任何温度，湿度的变化，都将造成元器件的升温直至燃烧。 4. 空调设施完备，对火灾探测造成困难----由于计算机数据中心(机房、数据库)等场所对环境舒适度的要求，空调系统被普遍采用，烟雾的传播及扩散更加困难，空调系统的常规换气率通常为每小时15至60次，这将对烟雾探测工作造成负面影响。一方面烟雾被大幅度稀释，难以到达传统烟雾探测设备的报警阈值。另一方面，空调气流将使烟雾难以达到探测器。造成报警延误或漏报。一般认为，传统点式烟雾探测器可以清楚地定位火源位置，但实践证明，由于空调系统，设备安放，房间结构等多方面的影响，点式感烟探测器往往在火灾已经发生到一定规模以后才能发出报警且无法 报告 软件系统测试报告下载sgs报告如何下载关于路面塌陷情况报告535n,sgs报告怎么下载竣工报告下载 火源准确位置。 5. 火灾发生后的灭火措施不够理想----计算机机房火灾发生后，灭火设施将对机房设备及人员造成许多危害，其中水喷淋系统不但对电子设备和数据库及其内存储的高价值的数据信息将造成直接的损害，而且在其启动温度(70摄氏度左右)达到时，火灾已经达到相当的规模，高温及腐蚀性气体将会对设备造成了巨大的损害。二氧化碳气体灭火系统虽然不具备腐蚀性，在密闭空间内也有很好的防护效果，并且现在已应用于电子设备的防护，然而，它要求保持具有毒性的高浓度，并在低温下释放，这对于电子设备和工作人员也将产生较严重的危害。而其他气体灭火系统，如FM200、IG541、烟络尽等气体灭火装置，一旦误启动，将造成灭火剂巨大的浪费，即使在正常情况下，也将对环境、物品和设备造成或多或少的不良影响。由以上灭火设施的特点可以看出，现有消防手段，普遍存在启动时机偏晚，启动后对设备，人员造成危害，安置及使用费用昂贵等缺点。 三( 传统点式烟雾探测设备的局限性 从计算机数据中心的特点可以看出，传统点式烟雾探测设备已不能满足现代化计算机数据中心的安全需要，使用当中有很大的局限性。 1. 灵敏度偏低且调节范围很小:传统点式烟雾探测器报警灵敏度大多为3-5%，这样的探测灵敏度对于通常的环境是可以接受的，比如宾馆，饭店，办公大楼等等。一件家具燃烧产生的烟雾就可以触发报警，且若能及早发现则损失有限，然而如果火灾发生在计算机数据中a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel 心，发生在正在工作中的计算机设施上，要达到3-5%浓度的烟雾，书籍、资料或设备往往已经遭受到了巨大的损害，而由此造成的物品本身及由于中断服务所造成的损失必定是无法估量的。另外调节范围偏小，无法适应不同的应用环境也是传统点式烟雾探测器一大缺陷，因为在此类场所中，环境要求较高，一切烟雾，无论大小，均属异常。在这种洁净的环境下，完全可以将烟雾探测器的灵敏度提高到一个与环境相适应的水平，尽可能早地发现任何一点险情，将损失控制到最小限度。 2. 被动等待烟雾样品，极易受空调及其它因 素影响:点式感烟探测器多数安置在被保护房 间的天花板上或机房防静电地板下被动地等待 烟雾慢慢扩散到其附近，才能报警，而计算机 数据中心的特殊环境将会对烟雾探测产生多种 不利的影响，致使延误甚至漏报。由于当今电 子设备具有体积小能量密度高的特点，设备往 往是安装在密闭的机房内，并通过空调系统维持通讯设备运行所必需的环境;计算机设备、数据库同样也是要依靠空调系统来保证存储设备完好保存的环境。前面已经提到，一般情况下空调系统下空气的更换速度为每小时15至60次。在这种环境下，燃烧所产生的烟雾一方面被空调气流稀释，降温，使烟雾很难达到常规点式感烟探测器的报警阈值，同时由于温度降低而无法继续向上，达到探测器通常所在的天花板位置。另一方面由于空调气流的影响，空气在房间的送风和回风口之间形成环流，使烟雾根本无法达到探测器。此外，为维持机柜内设备的正常运行或数据库内存储介质的安全，密闭的柜体通常都配有风扇等通风、散热装置，位于天花板处的点式探测器无法对机柜内部所发生的情况进行监测。而设备及其内存的数据资料的安全才是我们真正关心的。 3. 探测器安置方式单一，无法满足此类场所内特殊环境的要求:传统探测器一般只能安置在天花板，地板下等少数位置，而在此类场所当中，我们关心的不仅是房间环境的安全，我们更关心的是房间内的存储设备、资料、计算机和数据库等设施及其内存的数据，甚至包括地板下的电缆等，这就要求报警设备能够具有更加灵活的安装方式，比如可以根据需要，直接把探测器安装在计算机、设备机柜或数据库内部，电缆桥架当中等等，以便能够更加明确的对房间内的各类物品和设施提供重点保护。 综上所述，在文化和科技空前发展的今天，计算机数据中心的安全变得越发重要，而与此很不相称的是传统的火灾报警设备已远远不能满足此类场所火灾防范的要求。由于其自身的局限，根本无法对此类场所提供必要的安全保障。所以，从真正意义上的安全出发，计算机数据中心等场所急需一种具有极高的灵敏度，极宽阔的灵敏度调节范围，采用主动探测方式，功能全面，性能可靠，维护方便，可以在火灾发生的极早期即可发现并发出警报的新一代火灾烟雾探测设备。 a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel 四( Cirrus Pro IFD云雾室空气采样感烟探测器`的工作原理 据NFPA72的定义:空气采样感烟探测器`是，探测器由管道系统组成，管道成网络分布，从探测器延伸至被保护区 域。探测腔内的抽气扇通过 空气采样点及管路系统从 被保护区采集空气并送回 探测器，探测器会对空气是 否含有火灾产物进行检测 分析。依据「NFPA, 1974」，每一物质于受热达过载时，即因化学变化导致材质分解，而会释放出不可见的次微米粒子(约0.002μm)，当该物质持续受热达到燃点时，即开始转变产生碳粒子(亦即所谓的烟雾) ，并开始溶解而燃烧。从材质分解到烟雾产生的阶段，我们称之为「极早期」。由此，我们需要在极早期火灾阶段能够实现探测，不会因空气中的灰尘造成误报警，并能有效报警空气采样探测系统。 云雾室空气采样探测器运用微粒子计数器的技术将不可见的次微米粒子以物理方式放大，使火灾极早期的不可见的次微米粒子(约0.002μm)放大至肉眼可见的粒子大小，再以光电设备侦测其数量的多少，不受光源波长的限制。当测得数量超过设定门坎值，探测器随即发出警报，故亦又称为『粒子计数器』。 「云雾室」极早期探测器发出警 报时，即表示现场有散布高浓度 的热释粒子，而此迹象亦代表现 场设备或材质有被过度加热(过载) 的情势发生，虽未达严重程度， 但仍有需要提高警觉的必要，这 也就是「云雾室」极早期探测器 发挥极早预警的目的。 a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel 五、Cirrus Pro IFD在计算机数据中心的应用优势 1、 IFD具有极高的灵敏度和很宽的灵敏度调节范围探测粒子大小可达0.002μm (3K~10M/cc)，UL中相关标准证明，灵敏度为0.0023,12.5% obs/m，不但可以在火灾发生的极早期发现房间内产生的常 规火情，甚至可以发现由于线路 过载造成的电缆绝缘皮软化所 产生的微小烟雾。IFD采用4级 报警(预警、火灾1、火灾2、 火灾3)模 式，各级报警设定 的门坎值可根据不同的要求和 环境灵活设置。IFD可以在火灾 极早期(热释粒子出现)时报警， 从而最大限度地避免了保护区域内物品、设备的损失以及服务中断。而传统的感烟探头灵敏 3,,5,OBS/m，比IFD发现火情报警最少要晚数小时。由于在此类场所内，大多数度仅为 火灾产生于设备过载或供电系统短路等原因，而这种火灾一旦过渡到明火状态，火势将以指数速度蔓延，造成巨大的损失。所以，IFD系统在实际应用中能预先发现火情所赢得的数小时时间，对于把火灾严格控制在其初始阶段有着重要意义。 22(每台IFD主机可以保护2000M,并具有可以保护 2800M的小型机型，单区型和分区型产品，模块化配 置，非常适合数据中心、资料库、计算机机房使用。 3(IFD空气采样感烟探测器采用主动空气采样探 测方式，即采用抽气泵不间断地把被保护区域内的空 气样品抽进探测室进行探测。与传统火灾探测方法相 比，它的探测结果和响应时间不易受环境气流(如 HVAC、气流分层、高流速等)的影响。尤其是数据中 心、资料库、计算机机房这类有空调系统的地方，IFD 是非常适合的。 4(IFD采用云雾室粒子统计技术，从而极大地扩大了粒子探测范围。它能够有效地探测到包括:天然物质燃烧烟尘(如烟草、纸张等)，合成物质过热、焖烧、燃烧所散发的热释粒子(如塑料过热散发的卤化物、松香、树脂等);探测到的燃烧粒子直径小到0.002,m不可见热释粒子，大到20,m;因为具备环境粒子计数功能，即使在多尘环境下，粒子的数量也远远小于火灾极早期阶段释放出热释粒子数量，所以IFD真正解决多尘环境下，激光型空气a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel 采样系统误报警的弊端，也因为此，IFD非常适合在这类易燃物品种类繁多的场合应用。 5(安装灵活，对保护目标具有极强的 针对性。与以往的探测设备不同，IFD 的采样管网可以根据需要采用不同的 安装方法。例如:可以像常规点式烟雾 探测器一样安装在天花板或地板下;也 可以将采样管沿着各层书架的走向来 安装;还可以以其特有的毛细管采样方式将采样管插入设备机柜或数据库的内部，这些安装方式都可以直接监视设备内部的安全情况。此外，还可以把采样管铺设在机房的电缆桥架内监视电缆过载等情况的发生。另外一种非常有效的探测方式是将采样管安置在空调回风口，这样，通过房间内空气循环，无论什麽地方发生火情，IFD都可通过安置在回风口的采样管探测到火灾的发生。这将比传统探测方法及时、可靠得多。 6(Cirrus Pro IFD其理论依据是在于火灾发生的极早期，物体(如电线电缆或电子零 件)被过度加热之后，物体表面会释放出极微小的不可见热分解粒子(约小至0.002um) ，其数量在短时间内可达到500,000个/cc至1,000,000个/cc;而在正常状况下，空气中飘浮 /cc，的不可见微粒子数约只有20,000个/cc，在高落尘区也只有25,000个/cc至30,000个正常与火灾极早期状况下粒子数的悬殊比例可被云雾侦测室给区别出来，故采用云雾侦测室型的侦测器，其警报门槛都设定在200,000至800,000个/cc之间，远远高于背景值(即使是高落尘区的30,000/CC)，故此型侦测器声称其不会受环境灰尘的影响而产生误报。而雷射光型侦测器是以遮光率作为判定火灾与否的依据，此型侦测器较难避免误报的原因，是因烟粒子与一般灰尘粒子大小极为近似，故在有落尘的地方就容易产生误报;另由于受限于光波长的影响，直径小于光波长的不可见微粒子无法被光电式侦测器侦测出来，其警报门槛通常设定在于环境背景值稍高处，若不做其它改善，误报率就会很高。雷射光型侦测器是利用滤网将较大的粒子过滤掉，使得遮光率不会受大粒子的影响而产生误报。经过光子分析仪的侦测后，再以警报时间延迟(约一分钟)来避免因短暂的高灰尘气流经过而引起误报。运行稳定，误报率极低。粒子计数功能良好应用，使得IFD不会受灰尘、雾气、干冰、水蒸气、高温高湿影响产生误报。 6、 具有报警延时功能，当热释粒子达到相应数量浓度并保持一定时间长度时报警。 7、 IFD系统的采样管网设计具有成熟的ProFlow管网系统设计验证软件，它能在施工前精确计算出采样管网设计中每一个点的灵敏度和整个管网的工作参数。 8、 IFD全部采用数字电路，具有抗电磁干扰能力，同时因为采用PVC管网进行保护区域的极早期火灾监测，不会受到区域内强电磁干扰影响正常工作，也不会对区域内其它电子a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel 设备造成电磁干扰。 8. IFD具备事件 记录 混凝土 养护记录下载土方回填监理旁站记录免费下载集备记录下载集备记录下载集备记录下载 功能，能够将设备运行状况记录并储存，不会受掉电影响，能够对火灾各个阶段完整记录，描绘火灾生命周期的极早期阶段、烟释放阶段、火焰释放阶段和热释放阶段的全部发展曲线过程。 9. 具备联动控制功能。每台IFD主机配有5或17个继电器，这些继电器可以被分别编程对应于单区型和四管型报警主机上各个管路的四级报警、故障等操作，可以方便地用来控制各种各样的联动设备，也可以通过监视模块与传统报警设备相连，作为一台区域报警器使用。 10.IFD设备具有现场火灾四级报警显示功能，对于早期火灾隐患，用户可以及时处理，并可通过复位和静音功能按键，现场实现对设备操作，避免保卫人员往返于消防控制室与现场之间的繁琐工作。 11.IFD具备远程输入控制功能，用户可以实现远端对IFD的复位、禁用、隔离等按键控制。 12.因计算机数据中心内空调气流导致烟雾热释粒子飘散 无序，很难探测火灾准确位置，为更加准确探测微小火灾， 将火灾隐患探测范围缩小至1米范围内，IFD特设置移动式 极早期火灾定址器,Risk Sniffer,该设备自带电源，可根 据保卫人员需要，随身携带到需要火灾极早期探测区域进行 探测。 综上所述，Cirrus Pro IFD火灾极早期探测系统是一种能够有效解决计算机数据中心这类场所面临的火灾探测难点所在，从真正意义上的安全出发，为计算机数据中心等场所提供了极高的灵敏度，极宽阔的灵敏度调节范围，采用主动采样方式探测，功能更加全面，性能更加可靠，使用更加安全，维护更加方便，能够在火灾发生的极早期即可发现并发出警报的新一代空气采样式极早期火灾烟雾探测设备。 a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel 六、Cirrus Pro IFD网络结构 1、Cirrus Pro IFD探测器网络RS485手拉手方式。如下图: 本网络方式可实现16台IFD探测器的联网。 2、光纤网络方式: IFD 光纤组网方式应用于意大利Endesa Porto火电厂 这种网络方式可以将网络长度延长至几公里甚至几十公里，而且不会受到外界影响，造成信息丢失和误报警。 a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel 3、RS485与综合布线网络结合方式: 此种方式有效的将综合布线与IFD系统相结合，用户在任何地方都可以实现对IFD系统的 图形化控制和访问。 a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel 云雾室型与激光型探测器性能比较表 性能 云雾室型 激光型 火灾时能争取的反应时间 能于火灾第一阶段(极早期在火灾第二阶段-烟产生时 阶段)报警，争取最长的反应做出反应，能争取的应急响 时间，将生命及财物损失降应时间较短 到最低点 火灾时能将数据机房被污在烟粒子未出现阶段即可报在烟粒子出现阶段做出反染的程度降低 警，大幅降低因火灾产生的应，碳烟对数据存储设备的 碳烟对数据机房的污染程度 污染已无法避免 在高气流状态下的侦测质在大气流变化的环境下，当在大气流变化的环境下，碳量 烟被稀释得无法被侦测时，烟较容易被稀释得无法侦测 火灾极早期阶段的不可见次 微米粒子因数量庞大，稀释 不易，故能被快速的侦测出 来 误报 误报率低，可在最高灵敏度误报率较高，为降低误报， 下运行，也不怕会因环境因通常不会设定在最高灵敏度 素造成误报 下运行。失去了高价投资极 早期探测器的意义 火灾确认的SOP 误报率低，可以轻易的判定误报率较高，需要更复杂的 火灾状况，迅速做出应急反确认程序，延迟救灾的时间 应 人员的警觉性 因误报率低，人员对发出的因误报率高，会降低对警报 警报能保持高度的警觉性 的警觉性 长期使用成本 购置成本相对较高，长期使购置成本相对较低，但长期 用维护成本比激光型低 使用维护成本比云雾室型高 平常的维护测试工作 BS6266特别推荐使用漆包需使用PVC线做发烟测试， 线测试，可随时做模拟极早因PVC产生的烟会造成人员 期现象的热线测试(不需要的伤害，且造成数据机房的 产生烟)，不但可精准测试设污染，故平常会避免做此试 备的灵敏度，亦不会造成人验，只用烟雾罐做喷放测试， 员及洁净室的伤害。 而无法真正确认侦测的质量 实际验证，距Dry Coiler 完全符合要求 ? 5m(风速3.75m/sec.), 10 m(风速2.34 m/sec.), 15m (风速2.15 m/sec.), 20m (风 速1.96 m/sec.), 25m (风速 1.66 m/sec.), 30m (风速1.56 m/sec.)处依BS6266测试方 法测试 对电子厂房常用气体的反只对HCl-FECl3(氯化铁)产对包括HCl-FECl3(氯化铁)应测试 生反应 等多种气体产生反应 a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel 供电、变配电区域的探测 对电力极早期阶段(热崩溃能够在电力设备到达燃烧点 温度点之后)火灾热释粒子后产生极早期阶段烟的探 探测更加有效，避免因电力测，部分电力设备已经损坏， 系统出现故障，造成数据机供电、配电系统的终止对数 房因断电所产生的连锁反据机房产生影响重大。 应。 结论: 许多数据机房使用激光型探测器的经验显示，因为激光型探测器的高误报率，使得真正运行在高气流量的环境里，必须降低灵敏度，然而，烟在高气流量的环境下极易被稀释而难以侦测，若无法使用最高的灵敏度，则便失去了采用高灵敏度探测器的意义，所以，若高灵敏度探测器无法适应环境，以最高的灵敏度来运行，那投资了大量的金钱采购高灵敏度探测器的真正目的为何? 目前市面上只有采用云雾室技术的高灵敏度探测器具有几乎等于零的误报率，能真正在高气流量的环境里以最高的灵敏度来运行，也不用担心误报，让投资了大量的金钱采购的高灵敏度探测器能达到其真正的目的。 a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel 七、IFD探测器主要技术指标和参数 Cirrus Pro 规格型号 100 200 200D 200SC 200DSC RDP 远探测原理 粒子计数型(云雾室探测技术:Wilson Cloud Chamber) 端显可探测粒子大小范围 直径可小至0.002µm的不可见粒子 示器 探测区域/取样管 单区/单管 单区/4管 单区/4管 4区/4管 4区/4管 取样管长度 100m 单管最长100m;4管总长最长200m 取样孔数量 Max.50 Max.80 Max.80 Max.80 Max.80 单个取样孔探测范围 10m×10m/取样孔(NFPA72) 有效探测范围 800? 2,000? 2,000? 2,000? 2,000? 灵敏度范围 10段可编程灵敏度范围，可探测粒子浓度从20,000个/CC至3,000,000个/CC 可变时区灵敏度设定 每天3时区的7天可编程灵敏度设定及自动转换功能 警报门坎值 4段(预警,火警1,火警2,火警3);每段皆可设定不同的灵敏度 VGA显示屏/编程器 X X 8.89×11.43mm X 8.89×11.43mm LCD显示幕尺寸系统自我检测功能 对电源、微处理器、气流量、真空泵、低水位、云雾室等部件的自我检测以及故障报警 (cm)8.57×11.43 状态指示灯 电源(绿)、故障(黄)、预警(红)、火警1(红)、火警2(红)、火警3(红) a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel 信息存储量 200笔事件记录(FIFO)及探测的粒子数量历史曲线图 网络输出端口 RS232及RS485 继电器输出 5×1A@30VDC 5×1A@30VDC 5×1A@30VDC 17×1A@30VDC 17×1A@30VDC 运转环境条件 探测器:0-37.8?;空气样本:-20-60?;湿度:10-95%R.H;防护等级:IP30 电源 20-29VDC 尺寸(W×H×Dmm) 285×215×140 360×215×140 360×215×140 440×385×144 440×385×144 211×211×44.5 重量(Kg) 4 5 5 9 9 1.36 a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel