高二英语连词，三大从句，非谓语用法

高二英语连词，三大从句，非谓语用法 中小学个性化教育专家 精锐教育学科教师辅导 讲义 氰化物测定慧律法师六祖坛经3集35控烟知识讲座讲义宋大叔教音乐完整讲义华为财务bp 讲义编号___11gz2yy008900__ 学员编号:gz2wql298 年 级:高二 课时数及课时进度:27(9/90) 学员姓名:魏丹 辅导科目:英语 学科教师:陈桂冰 学科组长/带头人签名及日期 白梅2011-4-14 课 题 三大从句和非谓语动词 授课时间:2011-4-16 备课时间: 2010-4-12 1、 掌握三大从句的要点以及之间的区别 教学目标 2、 掌握非谓语动词的活用 重点、难点 三大从句和非谓语动词的考点运用 考点及考试要求 英语的综合运用能力 教学内容 Part 1 Reading Precisely ,广东专版 每篇5小题， ,第2套, 第一节:阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A (words:311&225) The British National Health Service (NHS) was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the country. Before this time health care had to be paid for by individuals. Nowadays central government is directly responsible for the NHS although it is administered by local health authorities. About 83 percent of the cost of the health service is paid for by general taxation and the rest is met from the National Insurance contributions paid by those in work. There are charges for prescription and dental care but many people, such as children, pregnant women, pensioners, and those on Income Support, are exempt from payment. Most people are registered with a local doctor (a GP, or General Practitioner) who is increasingly likely to be part of a health centre which serves the community. 1 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部 中小学个性化教育专家 As the population of Britain gets older, the hospital service now treats more patients than before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitals—many of which were built in the nineteenth century — provide nearly half a million beds and have over 480, 000 medical staff. The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe although Britain actually spends less per person on health care than most of her European neighbours. During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an increased emphasis on managerial efficiency and the privatization of some services (for example, cleaning). At the end of the 1980s the government introduced proposals for further reform of the NHS, including allowing some hospitals to be self-governing, and encouraging GPs to compete for patients. Patients would be able to choose and change their family doctor more easily and GPs would have more financial responsibility. The political questions continue of how much money should be provided to support the NHS and where it should come from. 41. We can know from the first paragraph that ______________. A. the original aim of the NHS was to provide equal basic health care for everybody B. people didn’t have to pay for health care since the NHS was set up C. patients were charged for receiving health care before 1948 D. the NHS was an organization which gave free advice to villagers 42. What do we know about the NHS? A. It’s managed by the central government. B. Its cost is mainly paid for by the National Insurance contributions. C. It hires more people than any other unit in Europe. D. Fewer patients go to its hospitals than before because they spend less on health care. 43. All the following statements about GPs are true except that they ____________. A. take care of the local people’s health B. often take part in competitions to see who is the best C. work under high pressure nowadays D. have more responsibilities than before 44. What does the underlined word “exempt” probably mean? A. suffering B. different C. prevented D. free 45. The biggest problem for the NHS is ______________. A. many hospitals are too old to be used B. some services are in the charge of individuals C. more and more patients go to GPs for treatment D. there is not enough money for further reform 2 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部 中小学个性化教育专家 Part 2 Three Clauses 定语从句 宾语从句 按功能分 名词性从句 主语从句 状语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 一、名词性从句 一)、主语从句和it 的用法 1.作形式主语替代主语从句 ?It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain....) that 从句 常译为:?清楚的(显然的，真的，可能的,肯定的(((): It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. = That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear. ?It is important ( necessary， right， strange， natural...) that 从句 常译为?是重要的(必要的,对的,奇怪的,自然的?).that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形)，should 可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。 ?It is important that we (should) learn English well.?It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. ?It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....) that 从句 常译为:据说(据报道，据悉((():。 ?It is said that he has come to Beijing. ?It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. ?It is suggested ( advised/ ordered / demanded/ insisted/ commanded... ) that 从句.that 后的从句要用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形)，should 可以省;常译为:据建议;有命令((() ?It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. ?It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. ?It is time ( about time ，high time ) that从句(虚拟语气:动词用过去时did) ? It is time that children went to bed. ?It is the first ( second ... ) time that从句(从句用现在完成时 have done ) It was …(从句用过去完成时had done )常译为:是第一(二)(((次(((:。 It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here ?It is a pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact,/a surprise/... ) that从句. that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形)，should可省去(表示出乎意料，常译为:竟然:。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 ?It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾～ ?It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾～ ?It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that从句.常译为 “ 碰巧…,似乎是…,看起来…” ?It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧((. 3 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部 中小学个性化教育专家 ?It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来((( 2.作形式主语替代不定式 . ? It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的褒义或贬义形容词。 常见的词有: bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good (好心的)， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice(有教养的)， polite， rude ， silly ， stupid ， wise ， wrong(错误的)等。 这个句型可以改写为:sb. is kind to do sth. 。 如:It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. ?It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. .不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的中性形容词。 常见的形容词有: important， necessary， natural easy ， safe ， common ， normal ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， unusual， rare ， impossible ， pleasant 如:It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party. ?It takes sb. ... to do sth. 常译为:做(((要花费某人(((:。 如:It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 3.作形式主语替代动名词短语 It is no good / no use / useless doing sth. 常译为 “?有好处或没有用” ?It is no good learning English without speaking English. ?It's useless trying to argue with Shylock. 4、What 与that 在名词性从句中用法比较: That Tom fell off his chair by accident got the classmates laughing. What Tom learned in university helps him a lot in his job. 注:that 在从句中不作任何成分，what 在从句中必须担当主语或宾语。 We have reached what is called XinJie kou 5. 主语从句于定语从句的转换 What is needed has been bought. All that is needed has been bought. 6、几个特殊句型之间的转换 4 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部 中小学个性化教育专家 It is known to all that China has joined the WTO. As is known to all, China has joined the WTO. What is known to all is that China has joined the WTO. 二)、宾语从句和it 的用法:作形式宾语，代替不定式，动名词短语或宾语从句。 1、一个动词后跟多个宾语从句时，第二个开始的连词that不能省略。 He said (that) he didn’t attend the party and that he didn’t want to. 2、否定转移 I don’t think he is fit for the job, is he? I never thought that he would come for the dinner party. 3、有些不可直接跟宾语从句的动词。 I hate it when…; I dislike it when…; I’d appreciate it if… I will see to it that… 4、与定语从句的转换 Jerry told us _______ he had seen abroad. A. what B. all that C. all what D. all 注:本题四个 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 都正确。答案C 可以看作all 是前面的us 的同位语。 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 句子: We think it important to learn a foreign language. 该句型中的it 作形式宾语，该结构中常用的动词有:think, believe, make ,find consider, feel; 如: We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it important learning English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days. The Internet makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers. CF: keep sth, in mind / keep in mind that 仿写句子: 1. 显然，政府应该采取有效措施来降低物价。 2. 一个母亲爱自己的孩子是很自然的事情。 3. 据报道，目前中国的男女比例不平衡。 4. 是该努力学习的时候了。 5. 我花了两小时的时间才到 培训 焊锡培训资料ppt免费下载焊接培训教程 ppt 下载特设培训下载班长管理培训下载培训时间表下载 中心。 6. 牛奶泼了，哭是没有用的。 7. 我认为保护环境是我的职责。 8. 我发现经常锻炼很有必要。 5 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部 中小学个性化教育专家 三)、表语从句 a. 表语从句中的虚拟语气 My suggestion is that we should carry out the plan as soon as possible. b. 几个表语从句的切换 The reason why I came late is that my car broke down on the half way. He came late. That’s because his car broke down. His car broke down on the half way. That’s why he came late. 四)、同位语从句 a. 与定语从句的区别 It is a fact that he has done his best. It is a fact that you can’t deny. b. 同位语从句中的虚拟语气 The proposal that he put forward is to be discussed at the meeting. The proposal that we should import more equipment is to be discussed. c. have no idea 后面跟同位语从句 I have no idea where Green Park lies. Part 2 Grammar连词 一、知识网络 并列连词( but, yet, however, nevertheless, for, so, therefore, and, or, either…or…, neither…nor…, both…and…, as well as) 连词 从属连词 ( when, while, as, before, after, until, till, whether, since, the moment, where, if, unless, suppose, supposing, providing, provided, as long as, in order that, so that, so, lest, because, since, so…that…, such…that, although/though, even though/if, than, than, like, as if/though) 二、方法指点 连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词是连接主语与主语，谓语与谓语，句子与句子，分词与分词的词，它要求前后两部分有相同的形式和语法作用;而从属连词一般连接主句与从句，从句形式有 6 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部 中小学个性化教育专家 名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句等 三、重点讲解: 定义:用来连接词、短语、从句与句子的词叫连词。连词是一种虚词，在句子中不重读，不能独立担任句子成分。 Slow but sure. 要慢而稳。(连接单词) We may be leaving today or tomorrow. 我们可能今天或明天走。(连接词与词) Now I must go or I shall be late for the party. 我现在得走，否则晚会我就要迟到了。(连接句与句) I went and she went also. 我去了，她也去了。(连接分句) (一) 连接具有并列关系的词、短语或句子的连词叫并列连词。根据其意义，并列连词又可分为表示联 合、转折、 选择和因果等四种关系的连词。 1( 表示联合关系的并列连词: 表示联合关系的并列连词有:and (和)，both…and…(既……又……)，neither…nor…(既 不….y也不….)，not only…but also….(不但…..而且…..)，as well as (除….外，也…..), 如: I am a teacher and he is a doctor. He has experience as well as knowledge. (He has not only knowledge but also experience.) Neither I nor he has seen the film. 2( 表示转折关系的并列连词: 表示转折关系的并列连词有:but (可是，但是)，while (而，然而)，yet (可是)，however (然 而，但是)，whereas (而)，nevertheless (然而，不过)，如:I am willing, yet unable. 我心有余而力不足。 He is short, while his brother is tall. 他个子矮而他兄弟个子高plain. 3( 表示选择关系的并列连词: 表示选择关系的并列连词有:or (或)，or else (否则)，otherwise (要不然)， either….or…(或….或….,不是…..就是…..)，rather than (而不，也不)， 如:John or I am to blame. Seize the chance, otherwise (or else) you’ll regret it.(otherwise, or else常放在祈使句后面) You can either stay at home or go fishing. He went rather than stay as an unwelcome guest.。 4( 表示因果关系的并列连词: (1)表示因果关系的并列连词有:so (所以)，for (因为)，如:It is morning, for the birds are singing. 是早晨了，因为鸟叫了。It was late, so I went home. 天已晚了，因此我就回家了。 (2) then (那么，因而)，thus (因而)， hence (因此)，therefore (因此，所以)等副词常可放句首表示因果关系，如: He studied hard, thus he got a full mark. His car broke down, thus he was late for work. It is winter now; hence the days will be shorter.。 (二) 从属连词: 用来连接主句和从句的连词叫从属连词。 7 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部 中小学个性化教育专家 1( 引导名词性从句的从属连词: 引导名词性从句的从属连词有连接词that, whether 和if, 这些连接词在句中不充当任 何句子成分;连接代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, what等，它们在句中可作主语、宾语、定语等;连接副词 主要有when, where, how, why等，它们在句中可作状语(相见名词性从句)， 如:We know (that) the earth goes round the sun.(宾语从句) What we need is more time. 我们需要的是时间。(主语从句)That’s what I want.(表语从句) The news that our team had won was very exciting.(同位语从句) 二、状语从句和连词: 储存连词: 1(引导时间状语从句的从属连词: 引导时间状语从句的从属连词有________(当…..时)，_____ (在…期间)，____ (当….时，一边…一边)，_______ (在….之后)，______ (在….之前)，______ (自从….以来)，_______ (直到，直到….才)，________(一旦…..),___________(一….就….), __________ (一…..就….), ___________(刚….就….), _________(一……..就….)等，如:Once you begin, you must go on. 你一开了头，就应该继续下去 2(引导原因状语从句的从属连词:引导原因状语从句的从属连词有______(由于)，________(因为)，______(既然)等. 3(引导地点状语从句的从属连词: 引导地点状语从句的从属连词有_______在….地方)，___________ (无论在…..哪里) Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。 4(引导条件状语从句的从属连词 条件状语从句的从属连词主要由________________________)引导:此外_______________________________都起 连词作用。 5(引导目的状语从句的从属连词:引导目的状语从句的从属连词有________(以便)，_________ (为了)，______________ (为了) ________ (以防，免得)，___________(以防，免得)等， 6(引导结果状语从句的从属连词:引导结果状语从句的从属连词有______ (结果)，________(结果)，___________--(如此…..以致)，_________ (以致)等，(that 有时可以省略，特别是在口语中)如: 7( 引导让步状语从句的从属连词:引导让步状语从句的从属连词有________________ (虽然)，________ (虽然)， ____________________(即使)，__________r (无论怎样)，___________(无论什么)，__________-(无论谁)， __________________________(无论多么/什么/哪一个……)等。 8(引导比较状语从句的从属连词: 引导比较状语从句的从属连词有________ (如……),____________,(像….一样)， _________________.(与…不一样)，__________ (比)等。 三、从句在语法填空中的考察: 8 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部 中小学个性化教育专家 一、定语从句 必须根据定语从句的信息和先行词进行推断，从而补出引导词，这本身就是考查逻辑思维能力。 1.…The exam, _________was originally to be held in our classroom, was changed to the library at the last minute.(广州二模) 2… Then I went to the department store________ I worked part-time and bought her an expensive gift box of Sichuan beef. (广州一模) 3. It was a poem about me, ______ included the time …(深二模) 4. At the same time, there had been a growing number of overseas students ____came back to China after study. (茂名二模) 5. More and more Chinese students go abroad for study,_________ is supported by the Chinese government. (茂名二模) 二、名词性从句 引导各种从句的连词叫从属连词。如名词性从句的引导词what, who, which, when, where, whatever, whoever, whichever, whether; 1. … Many things must be considered such as ________ the person is interested in and how old he is. (广州一模) 2.My face turned red on hearing _________ my mother said. (惠州一模) 3. She would point out ________ they had mastered and declared firmly they could learn what they had missed. (深圳罗湖) 4(The American Academy of Pediatrics (儿科) says _______ children really need for health development is more good, old-fashioned playtime.(四校联考) 三:状语从句 A) 引导各种从句的连词叫从属连词。如名词性从句的引导词what, who, which, when, where, whatever, whoever, whichever, whether;副词从句引导词where, wherever, when, if , how, unless, until … 5. I almost started to yell his name _____ I suddenly remembered he was in bed asleep. (深二模) 6._______ children believe they can succeed, they will never become totally independent. 7. Statistics show that________ China carried out the opening - up policy, a total of one million students have gone abroad for study. (茂名二模) 8(_______we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language. (佛山一模) 9. Some people, however, maintain that this is precisely _________ the danger lies. B) 并列句的各种关联词叫并列连词。如and, but, or, though, although, so… 挖掉关联词，要想补上连词，思路必须与作者思路相吻合。 1(… I had no idea how to do it. I tried to stay positive and persevered________ I finally found the solution. (广州二模) 2(… I asked my classmates about her interest ___________ I made my final decision. (广州一模) 3.Tom, an 8—year—old boy, entered a hotel coffee shop__________ sat at a table.(深一模) 4. It is difficult for parents of nearly every family to teach their children to be responsible for housework,_______ with one of 9 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部 中小学个性化教育专家 the following suggestions, you really can get your children to help at home. (深圳罗湖) 一、Keys: 1. which 2. where 3. which 4. who 5. which 二、Keys: 1. what 2. what 3. what 4. what 三、A: Keys: 1. what 2. what 3. what 4. what 5. when 6. Unless 7. since 8. If 9. where B: Keys: 1. until 2. and 3. and 4. but 五、名词性从句典型错误例析 1、Correct the Mistakes 1. As is known to all that paper was first invented in China. 2. All the students went to see what the matter was with her. 3. We don”t doubt whether he can do a good job. 4. Are the shoes that you bought yesterday? 5. The reason why I like the dictionary is because it is useful for my work. 6. This surprised us very much that Tom should have left without a word. 7. The question is if the film is worth seeing. 8. The news came which our football team won. 9. Where did they hold the important meeting is unknown to us all. 10. If the sports meet will be held depends on the weather. 11. Who knows the truth will tell you about it. 12. It depends on if he has enough money. 13. Students do not study hard is not a good thing. 14. They want to make it clear to the public they do an important job. 2、Analysis 1. As is known to all that paper was first invented in China. 析:that引导的从句是主语从句，用it作形式主语时，应把as改为it，或者原句改为定语从句:As is known to all, paper was first invented in China. 2. All the students went to see what the matter was with her. 析:应把what the matter was改为what was the matter。what was the matter (with)和what was wrong (with)作宾语从 句时语序不变。 10 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部 中小学个性化教育专家 3. We don”t doubt whether he can do a good job. 析:当谓语动词是doubt时，应用whether/if引导宾语从句，而do not doubt (= believe) 和疑问句中的doubt用that引导宾语从句，应把whether改为that 4. Are the shoes that you bought yesterday? 析:应把that改为what。that可用于名词性从句，但在从句中只能起连接作用，不充当任何成分。此句中的what引导表语从句，并在从句中作bought的宾语，相当于the things which。 5. The reason why I like the dictionary is because it is useful for my work. 析:The reason作主语，why引导定语从句，后面的表语从句习惯用that引导，应把because改为that。 12. It depends on if he has enough money. 析:介词后的宾语从句用whether引导，而不用if引导，应把if改为whether。 13. Students do not study hard is not a good thing. 析:Students前加That。that在引导宾语从句时可以省略，但引导其他名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)时不能省略。 14. They want to make it clear to the public they do an important job. 析:当用it作形式宾语时，that不能省略，应在they之前加that。 练习 一、选择填空 1. _______ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. (2006年辽宁省高考题) A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever 2. —It’s thirty years since we last met. —But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _______ we got lost on a rainy night.(2006年四川省高考题) A. which B. that C. what D. when 3. See the flags on top of the building? That was _______ we did this morning.(2006年全国I高考题) A. when B. which C. where D. What 4. —Could you do me a favor? —It depends on _______ it is. (2006年北京高考题) A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever 5. These shoes look very good. I wonder _______. (2006年上海春季高考题) A. how much cost they are B. how much do they cost C. how much they cost D. how much are they cost Keys :1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C 5.C 二、选择填空 1. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, ___ ____ he could see _____ was going on inside house. A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what; that 2.__ ___ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. 11 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部 中小学个性化教育专家 A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who 3. Is ___ ____ some German friends visited last week? A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where 4. I remember__ ___ this used to be a quiet village. A. when B. how C. where D. what 5. I have bought two ballpens, _____ writes well. A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which 6. Go and get your coat. It’s ___you left it. A. there B. where C. there where D. where there 7. ---I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. ---Is that ___ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where 8. All that can be eaten _______ eaten up. A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been 9. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ___ ___ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 1.B 2.C 3. B 4. A 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.B 9B 三、选择填空 1. Some of the scientists held the point __ __ the book said was right. A. what what B. what that C. that that D. that what 2. Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just _____ worries the public. A. why B. which C. that D. what 3. I really wonder _____ he has posted me many packages _____ we worked together. A. why; when B. why; since C. when; before D. how; after 4. Although Ann is happy with her success she wonders ____ will happen to her private life. A. that B. what C. it D. this 5. Because they usually receive the same score on standardized exams, there is often disagreement as to ____is the better student, Bob or Jim. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose 6. There is little doubt ____ her advice is of greater value to us. A. that B. whether C. why D. of 7. I have no idea _____ she gets on well with her classmates. A. when B. how C. that D. which 8. We can’t believe that he drew such a big conclusion according to ______ he took for granted. A. as B. that C. what D. it 9. Scientists believe native Americans arrived by crossing the land bridge that connected Siberia and ____ more that 10,000 years ago. A. this is Alaska B. Alaska is now C. is now Alaska D. what is now Alaska 10. ____ we are doing has never been done before. A. That B. What C. Which D. Whether 11. Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just ____ worries the public. A. why B. which C. that D. what 12 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部 中小学个性化教育专家 12. The boy dived into the water and after ____ seemed to be a long time, he came up again. A. what B. that C. it D. which 13. The thought____ Lao Gao would open a Sichuan restaurant in Los Angeles surprised his wife. A. that B. what C. whether D. if 14. Please tell me ____ you want your coffee, black or white? A. what B. when C. whether D. how 15. Many workers were organized to clear away _____ remained of the World TradeCenter. A. those B. that C. what D. where 16. _____ we can pass the coming examination will mainly depend on _____ we learn and _____ we learn it. A. Whether; what; how B. That; whether; why C. If; how; that D. Why; that; how 17. _____ people spend so much money on their pets ____ us a lot. A. That; surprises B. What; surprising C. How; are surprised D. That; is surprised 18. We believe ____ you have been devoted to _____ naturally of great necessity. A. That; being B. all that; be C. that all; are D. what; is 19. Although most of them have no doubt _____ he will pass the exam, I still think there is something about ____ he has really got everything ready. A. whether; that B. that; whether C. that; that D. whether; whether 20. Professor Lee’s book will show you ___ can be used in other fields. A. that you have observed B. how that you have observed C. that how you have observed D. how what you have observed 21. Your ability has never been in doubt---the question is _____ you are prepared to work hard. A. that B. if C. how D. Whether 22. A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do. A. how B. after C. what D. when DDBBAA CCDBD AADCA ADBDD C 四、语法填空: 1、(2010?广东梅州揭阳高三第一次联考) Snake dishes have become popular 31 recent years. Snake meat in various flavors (风味) is often seen in restaurant ads. Eating snake seems to be now in vogue(盛行), and if you haven’t eaten snake yet, you 32 (consider) “out of date”. But I wonder 33 all the trends are worth following. Some people may defend themselves 34 saying that snake meat is nutritious. But these people don’t realize that many parasites(寄生虫)， 35 do harm to our health, are found inside snakes. According 36 a survey, about 1000 tons of snakes are eaten every year in China and sometimes as 37 as 10 tons of snakes are served on dinner tables in Shenzhen in a single day! These figures warn us that if no action is taken, 38 number of snakes will drop and make an increase 13 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部 中小学个性化教育专家 in mice and worms population, which will 39 in a decrease(减产) of crop output. Who will see such tragedy happen? So let’s start not to eat snakes any more because “to protect the snake is to protect 40 ” 2、(2010?广东汕头新世界中英文学校高三第一次月考) Many patients who don’t want to tell their doctor how much they really drink are often more honest with a computer. The computer __31__(use)for this purpose is programmed to be friendly. For example, if a patient called Ann says that __32__ her parents are dead, the computer will say: “I’m sorry to hear that, Ann.” Apart from expressing sympathy, the computer __33___ also question and remind. If a patient says he __34__ drinks alcohol, the computer can ask him, “Never? Not even at parties or at Christmas?” Does this direct contact __35__the patient and the computer mean that we do not need doctors any more? It depends. Computers are useful __36__ they do not look shocked if you say you drink two bottles of whisky __37__day. And they do not stop to talk on the phone as doctors often do. But ___38___ a doctor said, “We smile and we give a patient a handkerchief or put arm around her shoulder if she __39__(cry). That is ___40___ people will always want us.” 3、(2010?广东茂名第十中学高三第一次模拟) Why did some people become world famous and admired by millions of others? Were they really 31__ (talent)than other people? Or did they succeed through hard work? In my opinion, talents play a less important role than hard work in people’s studies or work. First of all , if we work hard, we can make good use of our talents. Some people are very talented, 32__ they just pay little attention to their studies or work. Being lazy, 33__ talents are wasted. 34__ is known to all, Madame Curie won the Nobel Prize twice for her great scientific __35_(discover). She achieved her success by making experiments one after another. _36__ , hard work can cultivate our talents. Edison, the inventor of light, was said to be stupid when he was young. By making great efforts in his work, he became more and more clever and succeeded in his work. We can also cultivate our talents __37_ we practise hard. In fact, we can all get ahead in our studies or work through hard work. In short, in our studies and work, talents are not __38__ important as hard work. __39_(work) hard, our talents can be fully made use __40__ and well cultivated. 14 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部 中小学个性化教育专家 1、答案:31. in 32. are considered 33. if/whether 34. by 35. which 36. to 37. many 38. the 39. result 40. ourselves 2、答案:31. used 32. both 33. can 34. never 35. between 36. because 37. a 38. as 39. is crying 40. why 3、答案:31 more talented 32. but 33. their 34. As 35. discoveries 36 Besides 37 if 38 so 39 Working 40 of II、非谓语动词演练 I 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. 1) ___________ to the left, and you’ll see the bus stop. 2) ___________ to the left, you’ll see the bus stop. (turn) 2. 1) ___________ many times, he still couldn’t understand the question. 2) ___________ me the bad news, he went out of the room sadly. (tell) 3. 1) Nothing could make us _________ up the hope. 2) Crusoe made a candle __________ light. (give) 4. 1) I want __________ your bag. 2) Your eyes want ___________. 3) I want my eyes ________ this afternoon.(examine) 5. 1) What’s the way Smith thought of _________ enough money to buy the new house? 2) I’m thinking of _________ Tom to repair my bike. (get) 6. 1) We don’t allow _________ in the office because of the public health. 2) We don’t allow anyone _________ in the office because of the public health.(smoke) 7. 1) My little brother enjoys nothing but __________ to music. 2) My little brother does nothing all day but __________ to music. 3) My little brother had no choice but ____________ to me.( listen) 8. 1) The teacher raised his voice in order to make himself ______________ . (hear) 2) The teacher raised his voice in order to make his students ___________ what he said. 3) The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _______________ . 9. 1) The problem is worth __________________ again . 2) The problem is worthy _________________ again . 3) The problem is worthy of __________________ . (discuss) 10. 1) It passes right through their bodies , only ______ (get) a little thicker and sweeter . 2) He worked harder only ______ (fail) again . 11. 1) No one can stop us _______________ questions. 2) We stopped ____________ a schoolboy the way to the teachers’ office. (ask) 12. 1) _____________ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. 2)Nearly every great building in Beijing was built _____________ south. (face) 13. 1) The parents’ meeting ________________ next Saturday is very important. th 2) The 29 Olympic Games _____________ in Beijing was a great success. 3) The parents’ meeting __________________ in our school now is important.(hold) 14. 1) ____________ this cake, you need 2 eggs, 175g sugar and 175g flour. 2) ________________ the cake, she got down to cooking some milk. 3) I lost my way in complete darkness and, _________________ matters worse, it began to rain. (make) 15. 1) The room is so dirty that I can’t help _____________________ it. 15 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部 中小学个性化教育专家 2) I’m too busy, so I can’t help _________________ the room. 3) The room is too dirty. I can’t help but ________________ it. (clean) 16. 1) I knew I would be busy today, so I had my paper _______________ last night. 2) I can’t go with you. I have some papers ________________. 3) Do you have any papers _____________________ , sir? (type) 17. 1) With many problems ________________ , the president will have a hard time. 2) With the problem _______________, he had a good sleep last night. 3) With the secretary ______________ the problem, he is reading the newspaper leisurely in the office. (settle) 18. 1) “I ever saw him _____________ an old man of 500 yuan,” he said to the police. 2) He was seen ________________ an old man of 500 yuan in the street yesterday. 3) Unluckily, the policeman saw him _______________ an old man around the corner. (cheat) 19. The film was ________________ and all of us were very _________________ . (disappoint) 20. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks __________________ (open and close) could be heard outside the classroom. 答案:I 1. Turn; Turning 2. Having been told/Told; Having told 3. give; to give 4.to examine; examining/to be examined; to be examined/examined 5. to get; getting 6. smoking; to smoke 7.listening; listen; to listen 8. heard; hear; to be heard 9. discussing; to be discussed; being discussed 10. getting; to fail 11. asking; to ask 12. Faced; facing 13. to be held; held; being held 14. To make; Having made; to make 15. cleaning; (to) clean; clean 16. typed; to type; to be typed 17. to settle; settled; settling 18. cheat; to cheat; cheating 19. disappointing; disappointed 20. being opened and closed Homework: 高中英语阅读理解专题训练 B(words:281&217) So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that“ reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”. Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also public activity. It can be seen and observed. Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny. If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable ,what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest(探索)for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children. ” When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them 16 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部 中小学个性化教育专家 appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading. 46(The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that _______________. A. it is one of the most difficult school courses B. students spend endless hours in reading C. reading tasks are assigned with little guidance D. too much time is spent in teaching about reading 47(The teaching of reading will be successful if _______________. A. teachers can improve conditions at school for the students B. teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading C. teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading D. teachers can make their teaching activities observable 48(The underlined word“ scrutiny” most probably means“______________”. A. inquiry B. observation C. control D. suspicion 49(According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when ______________. A. children become highly motivated B. teacher and learner roles are interchangeable C. teaching helps children in the search for knowledge D. reading enriches children’s experience 50(The main idea of the passage is that ______________. A. teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read B. teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible C. reading ability is something acquired rather than taught D. reading is more complicated that generally believed 本文是一篇议论文～在对传统的阅读教学方式进行批判的同时～论述了作者自己阅读的教学观:阅读的教与学是两个完全不同的过程。教学的任务是为学生能够找出自己最有效的自学阅读的方法创造条件和氛围。学生的阅读能力并不是通过教师教就能掌握的,教师应做的是给学生创造一个好的环境和条件～激发学生阅读的渴望～培养出良好的阅读习惯、方法。只有这样～学生才能掌握阅读技能～提高阅读水平。 46(D。推理判断题。依据文章第一自然段第3行“It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading..”,教学生如何阅读当然不是带着学生花费大量的时间去一点一点地读,。可以看出～作者认为现在教阅读的时间太多了～这当然是因为教而不教法。所以选项D正确。 47(B。细节理解题。依据文章第二自然段第2行开始的句子:“The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read”,教学的任务是为学生能够找出自己最有效的自学阅读的方法创造条件和氛围,～B项符合上述意思～为正确答案。 17 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部 中小学个性化教育专家 48(B。意义猜测题。该题为猜测词义。inquiry“询问”。observation“观察”。control“控制”。suspicion“怀疑”。该词 出现在第三自然段最后一句“process is not open to public scrutiny”～考生可从该句的上文作出推测。最明显的提示出现 在第二自然段最后一句“Teaching is also a public activity,it can be seen and observed”所以～scrutiny最可能的词义应该 是observation～故B项正确。 49(A。细节理解题。依据文章第四自然段、第五自然段所提供的信息～特别是第5段第3行“Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading”,当教师们创造了一种环境～使孩子们有机会自己通过阅读解决所遇到的问题时～学习阅读就变得容易多了,～ 可以看出A项与之最为相近。 50(C。主旨大意题。依据文章第一自然段第4行“reading cannot be taught directly and…”说明学生的阅读能力并不是 通过教师教就能掌握的。教师应做的是给学生创造一个好的环境和条件～激发学生阅读的渴望～培养出良好的阅读习惯、 方法。只有这样～学生才能掌握阅读技能～提高阅读水平。所以选项C正确。其他选项与文章讨论的范围不符。 C(words:348&282) TAIBEI,Increasing numbers of Taiwanese students are joining the island’s “China rush”, seeking education on the Chinese mainland( According to official Chinese figures, the number of Taiwanese students admitted into college and postgraduate(研究生) programs on the mainland totaled 461 in 1996, 928 in 1997 and 839 in 1998(Although no latest official numbers were available,” Netbig. Com Said this number had risen between 30 to 50 percent annually in the past two years with well over 1000 entering mainland campuses last year. The Internet site, based in the Chinese city of Shenzhen, provides education service and information on Chinese mainland college and universities. “Many Taiwanese believe a Chinese education giving more knowledge about the people and culture in the mainland will increase their chances in the Chinese job market, Net. Com vice-president Ingrid Huang said(“I believe it will give me hands-on experience in the business field in the Chinese mainland and a better understanding of the Chinese mainland people,” said Lydia Chang, a 19-year-old majoring in journalism at Shih Shin University. Chang plans to go on to get a master’s degree in business administration in Shanghai, which she says offers the best environment for such studies. A journalism graduate student, surnamed Lin, at the National Taiwan University said he would like to study law on the Chinese mainland since “there will be better career prospects now that more Taiwanese companies are going there”. “They hope the children could build up connections which could later become useful in their business operations,” said Yang Ching-yao, professor of the Chinese mainland studies. A Netbig. Com survey showed the campuses favored by Taiwan students included Beijing, Qinghua and Renmin universities in Beijing, and Jinan and Zhongshan universities in Guangzhou. The most popular studies were law, business and Chinese medicine. 18 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部 中小学个性化教育专家 At present, Chinese Taibei doesn’t recognize diplomas earned in the Chinese mainland nor help with any inquiries about studying there. But recognizing the trend, education authorities are giving a final form to a policy accepting certificates(证书)from selected universities. 51(More Taiwanese students study on the Chinese mainland because ___________. A(Taiwan will reunite with the mainland sooner or later B(the fees asked for are lower than those of Taiwan C(what they have learned on the mainland will bring them a bright future D(there are many famous universities for them to choose 52(Some business executives were sending their children to study in the Chinese mainland so that their children ___________. A(could receive better education B(could learn more about the policy there C(could do well in the business operations D(could make more friends there 53(The underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refers to __________. A(Netbig. Com B(a Chinese education on the mainland C(the Chinese job market D(the university 54(The author wrote the article to tell us ______________. A(more Taiwanese students are studying on the mainland B(the number of Taiwanese students going to universities on the mainland had been increasing year after year C(education on the mainland is more attractive compared with that of Taiwan D(Taiwan and the mainland should cooperate with each other in every field. 55(Which is true according to the passage? A(Chinese Taibei recognizes diplomas earned on the Chinese mainland B(The number of Taiwanese students going to study on the mainland will surely be increasing in the next few years. C(Chinese Taibei doesn’t help with any inquiries about Taiwanese studying in the mainland D(Education of Taiwan is far behind the mainland. 现在台湾学生来中国留学的人数在增加～台湾学生来中国留学是为自己以后找到好的工作创造更多的机会和途 径。 51(C。细节理解题。综合文章第二、三、四自然段可知～台湾学生来中国留学是为自己以后找到好的工作创造更多的 机会和途径。 52. C。推理判断题。通过文章第五自然段中“They hope the children could build up connections which could later become useful in their business operations,” 一句话可知。 53(B。意义猜测题。通过原文可知这里“it”指的是“大陆的教育”。 19 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部 中小学个性化教育专家 54(A。主旨大意题。虽然现在台湾学生来中国留学的人数在增加～但是文章并没有说大陆教育比台湾教育更吸引人～ 也没有谈到台湾和大陆的合作。 55(C。推理判断题。通过文章最后一自然段第一句话“At present, Chinese Taibei doesn’t recognize diplomas earned in the Chinese mainland nor help with any inquiries about studying there.”可知台北不承认大陆学历～也不为台湾来中国留学 的学生提供任何帮助,另外文章也没有说下一步台湾来中国留学的学生垦定会增加～也没有说台湾教育落后于大陆。 国家保健中心由中央政府直接负责～但由地方当局管理。建立国家保健中心的最初目的 是为农村居民提供免费的基本健康 护理 卵巢癌的护理查房优质护理服务内容doc优质护理服务内容肺癌的护理常规消毒供应室优质护理 ～尤其儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗。 41. C。细节理解题。根据最后一自然段最后一句可知，建立国家保健中心的最初目的是为农村居民提供免费的基本健康护理，而不是针对所有的人，所以前两项错误。 42. C。细节理解题。根据第4自然段“The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe„”可知。从第二自然段第一句可以看出国家保健中心由中央政府直接负责，但由地方当局管理，所以A项错误。 43. B。细节理解题。根据最后一自然段话“and encouraging GPs to compete for patients”可知政府鼓励全科医生之间相互竞争，而不是让他们进行竞赛，看谁的医术高明。 44. D。猜测词义题。前面提到医生开药方及给病人治疗牙病需要收费，再结合but一词可推断儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗。 45. D。细节理解题。根据最后一自然段最后一句可知。 20 精锐教育网站:www.1smart.org 精锐教育?教学服务部