六级真题阅读长难句分析+译文

六级真 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 阅读长难句分析+译文 1. For hundreds of millions of years, turtles (海龟) have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy beaches, long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them, or GPS satellites and marine biologists to track them, or volunteers to handcarry the hatchlings (幼龟) down to the water’s edge lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead. (2009年6月) 【分析】本句为复合句，主架为… turtles have struggled…。For hundreds of millions of years 为介词短语作时间状语。before… 为时间状语从句，该从句采用的是there be结构，主语为or连接的三个名词（词组）：natural documentaries，GPS satellites and marine biologists和volunteers，主语后的不定式均为主语的后置定语。lest“以免”引导状语从句，采用虚拟语气。 【译文】数百万年以来，海龟们都挣扎着从海里爬出来，到沙滩上产卵，那时候还没有自然纪录片来记录它们的活动，没有GPS卫星和海洋生物学家跟踪它们，没有志愿者用手把小海龟放到水边以防它们被桅灯搞得迷失方向而爬向旅馆的停车场。 2. The figures prompted Oceana to petition the government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from “threatened” to “endangered” — meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help. (2009年6月) 【分析】本句为复合句，主架为The figures prompted Oceana…。to petition the government为不定式作prompted的状语，to upgrade the level of protection… 为不定式作petition的状语。they are in danger… help作meaning的宾语，相当于省略了引导词that的宾语从句。 【译文】这些数字迫使Oceana向政府请求将对北大西洋大海龟的保护程度由“受到威胁”提升到“濒临灭绝”，这意味着如果没有额外的保护，它们将面临消失的危险。 3. But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness, and a report by the Fish and Wildlife Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic sea turtles, notably loggerheads, which can grow to as much as 400 pounds. (2009年6月) 【分析】本句为并列复合句，主架为Nature is indifferent… and… a report… showed… a… drop…。But 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 转折。by the Fish and Wildlife Service为介词短语作report的后置定语。which can grow to as much as 400 pounds为非限制性定语从句，修饰loggerheads。be indifferent to意为“对…无动于衷”。a drop in指“在…方面下降”。 【译文】但是大自然对人们的平等观念却漠不关心，渔业和野生动物服务组织的一项报告显示，北大西洋好几种海龟的数量都在令人担忧地下降，尤其是一种能够长到400磅重的大海龟。 4. The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs are being squeezed on one side by development and on the other by the threat of rising sea levels as the oceans warm. (2009年6月) 【分析】本句为复合句，主架为… beach… are being squeezed。on which… eggs为定语从句，修饰beach。squeezed后接了两个由on one side… and on the other结构连接的状语：by development和by the threat。of rising sea levels为介词短语作threat的后置定语。as the oceans warm为原因状语从句。 【译文】一方面是人类的开发，另一方面是海平面因海水变暖而上升，使得海龟们产卵的狭窄沙滩正在缩小。 5. It turns out, according to Griffin, that while we have done a good job of protecting the turtles for the weeks they spend on land (as egg-laying females, as eggs and as hatchlings), we have neglected the years they spend in the ocean. (2009年6月) 【分析】本句为复合句，主架为It turns out… that…。according to Griffin为插入语。that while… in the ocean为宾语从句。while在这里为连词，表转折。they spend on land为省略了引导词的定语从句，修饰的是the weeks。括号内内容进一步解释they spend on land，as相当于“作为…”。they spend in the ocean为省略了引导词的定语从句，修饰the years。 【译文】按照Griffin的说法，答案是这样：虽然我们对保护海龟们（产卵的母海龟，龟卵，小海龟）在岸上度过的几个星期做得很好，但是我们却忽略了它们在海里度过的岁月。 6. Ultimately we must get a handle on those issues as well, or a creature that outlived the dinosaurs (恐龙) will meet its end at the hands of humans, leaving our descendants to wonder how a creature so ugly could have won so much affection. (2009年6月) 【分析】本句为复合句，主架为we must… or…。or表条件。get a handle on sth.指“着手处理某事”。that… dinosaurs为定语从句，修饰的是a creature。leaving our… 为现在分词短语作结果状语。how a… affection为宾语从句，作wonder的宾语。固定短语meet one’s end指“迎接末日，即死亡”，at the hands of为，指“出自…之手，由…完成”。 【译文】最终，我们必须着手处理这些问题，否则，这种比恐龙寿命还要长的生物将会在人类手中灭绝，从而给我们的后代留下疑问：为什么这么丑的生物却能获得人们如此多的关爱？ 7. But economists say families about to go into debt to fund four years of partying, as well as studying, can console themselves with the knowledge that college is an investment that, unlike many bank stocks, should yield huge dividends. (2009年6月) 【分析】本句为复合句，主架为economists say families… can…。about to go into debt为families的后置定语，to fund four years为不定式作目的状语，of partying, as well as studying为介词短语作后置定语。that college… investment为同位语从句，作knowledge的同位语；that… should yield huge dividends为定语从句，修饰的是investment，在该从句中，unlike many bank stocks为插入语。 【译文】但是，经济学家说，那些即将要负债来支付四年的聚会和学习费用的家庭可以从以下事实得到一些安慰：上大学是一项投资，与银行股票不同的是，这项投资将有巨大的红利。 8. A 2008 study by two Harvard economists notes that the “labor-market premium to skill” — or the amount college graduates earned that’s greater than what high-school graduates earned — decreased for much of the 20th century, but has come back with a vengeance (报复性地) since the 1980s. (2009年6月) 【分析】本句为复合句，主架为A 2008 study… notes…。by two Harvard economists作study的后置定语， 说明 关于失联党员情况说明岗位说明总经理岗位说明书会计岗位说明书行政主管岗位说明书 study的发起者。that引导一个很长的宾语从句，作notes的宾语。在该宾语从句中，主语为the “labor-market premium to skill”，谓语有两个，由but连接，即decreased和has come back。for much of the 20th century和since the 1980s为时间状语，修饰谓语。两个破折号中间的内容为插入语，解释说明“labor-market premium to skill”。在该插入语中，what引导宾语从句，作than的宾语，相当于the amount。 【译文】2008年哈佛大学的两位经济学者所做的一项研究指出，“劳动力市场给技能的额外收益”——或者说大学毕业生比高中毕业生挣得多的那部分钱——在20世纪的大部分时间都在下降，但是从20世纪80年代起，开始迅速回升。 9. But a look at the strange variations in tuition reveals that the choice about which college to attend doesn’t come down merely to dollars and cents. (2009年6月) 【分析】本句为复合句，主架为a look… reveals…。that引导宾语从句，作reveals的宾语。about which college to attend为介词短语作choice的后置定语。which college to attend为宾语从句，作about的宾语。come down to指“取决于…”。 【译文】但是看一下学费的奇怪变化，就可以知道选择去哪所大学不仅仅取决于金钱了。 10. No, in this consumerist age, most buyers aren’t evaluating college as an investment, but rather as a consumer product — like a car or clothes or a house. (2009年6月) 【分析】本句为简单句，主架为buyers aren’t evaluating college… as… but rather as…。in this consumerist age为时间状语。破折号后的like a… house解释说明consumer product。evaluate sth. as… 指“将某物评定为…”。 【译文】不，在这个消费年主义代，大多数买家不是把上大学看作投资，而是看作消费品——就像汽车、衣服和房子一样。 11. As with automobiles, consumers in today’s college marketplace have vast choices, and people search for the one that gives them the most comfort and satisfaction in line with their budgets. (2009年6月) 【分析】本句为and连接的并列复合句，主架为consumers… have vast choices, and people search for the one。in today’s college marketplace为介词短语作后置定语。that gives… satisfaction为定语从句，修饰的是the one。in line with their budgets为介词短语作状语。in line with指“与…一致，按照…”。 【译文】与买汽车一样，消费者在如今的大学市场有很多选择，人们会按照自己的预算寻找那些让他们感到最舒服最满意的。 12. Since 2001, more than 1,000 high school and college students in the U.S. have participated in the Body Project, which works by getting girls to understand how they have been buying into the notion that you have to be thin to be happy or successful. (2009年6月) 【分析】本句为复合句，主架为… students… have participated in the Body Project。Since 2001为时间状语。which… successful为非限制性定语从句，修饰的是the Body Project。by… understand为方式状语。how they… notion为宾语从句，作understand的宾语。that you… successful为同位语从句，解释的是notion。buy into指“接受并受（某种思想、观点等）的影响”。 【译文】从2001年起，在美国已经有超过1000名高中和大学生参与了这项“身体计划”，这一计划旨在让女孩们了解她们是如何被灌输那种“为了成功和幸福，你必须瘦”的思想的。 13. Such lasting effects may be due to girls’ realizing not only how they were being influenced but also who was benefiting from the societal pressure to be thin. (2009年6月) 【分析】本句为复合句，主架为… effects may be due to…。girls’ realizing为动名词作宾语。realizing后接了两个由并列结构not only… but also… 连接的宾语从句，分别是how they were being influenced和who was benefiting… to be thin。 【译文】这些持续的效果可能是因为女孩们不仅意识到了她们是如何受到影响的，还意识到了谁从这些让大家感到应该瘦身的社会压力中受益。 14. The company did not have the money to hire “experts”, and there was no established athletic footwear industry in North America from which to recruit those knowledgeable in the field. (2008年12月) 【分析】本句为and连接的并列复合句，主架为The company did not have the money… and there was no… industry。to hire “experts”为动词不定式作目的状语。established athletic footwear为industry的前置定语。in North America为地点状语。from which to recruit those knowledgeable in the field为“介词＋which”引导的定语从句，修饰的是North America。 【译文】公司没有钱去雇佣“专家”，而且当时在北美也没有既成的运动鞋行业，无法从这一领域招聘到有才能的人。 15. What’s more, demand for animal products in developing countries is growing so fast that meeting it will require an extra 300 million tons of grain a year by 2050. (2008年12月) 【分析】本句为复合句，主架为… demand… is growing so fast that…。What’s more为插入语。that… by 2050为结果状语从句，其中meeting it为现在分词短语作主语。 【译文】此外，发展中国家对动物制品的需求上升很快，要满足这些需求，需要在2050年之前每年增加3亿吨谷粮。 16. The key will be to abandon the rather simple and static measures of sustainability, which centre on the need to maintain production without increasing damage. (2008年12月) 【分析】本句为复合句，主架为The key will be…。to abandon… sustainability为不定式作表语。which centre on the need… damage为非限制性定语从句，修饰的是measures of sustainability。 【译文】关键是要摒弃简单的、一成不变的可持续发展的方法，这些方法以满足生产需要但又不增加对环境的破坏为中心。 17. That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers, or how best to secure the border, and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have been here for generations. (2008年12月) 【分析】本句为and连接的并列复合句，主架为That is a… larger question… and it is one…。much修饰larger。than后接了两个由or连接的宾语从句：what should… workers和how best… border。that… groups为定语从句，修饰的是one。在该定语从句中，谓语affects后跟两个由并列结构not only… but… 连接的宾语，分别是newcomers和groups。that have been here for generations为定语从句，修饰的是groups。 【译文】这个问题，比“对没有合法身份的工人应该采取什么政策”、“怎样才能保证边境安全”之类的问题要重要得多，它不但影响到新移民，也影响到那些在美国生活了好几代的族群。 18. In time, Italians, Romanians and members of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail, to the building of this magnificent nation. (2008年12月) 【分析】本句为简单句，主架为Italians, Romanians and members… became… Americans and contributed… to the building。of other so-called inferior races为介词短语作后置定语，修饰members。in ways too numerous to detail为插入语。 【译文】随着时间的流逝，意大利人、罗马尼亚人以及其他被称作“劣等民族”的人成为了美国人中的典范，他们以各种各样的方式为建设伟大的美国贡献良多。 19. But as arguments about immigration heat up the campaign trail, we also ought to ask some broader questions about assimilation, about how to ensure that people, once outsiders, don’t forever remain marginalized within these shores. (2008年12月) 【分析】本句为复合句，主架为we… ought to ask… questions…。But表转折。as arguments… campaign trail为时间状语从句。about…, about…为介词短语作后置定语，修饰questions。how to ensure为宾语从句，作about的宾语。that people…shores为宾语从句，作ensure的宾语，在该从句中，once outsiders为插入语。 【译文】在总统竞选活动中，移民问题又再次升温，我们应该问些更广泛的有关“同化”的问题，即如何保证这些过去的局外人不会在这个国度永远处于边缘地位。 20. Sustainable development is applied to just about everything from energy to clean water and economic growth, and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use. (2008年12月) 【分析】本句为并列复合句。本句主干为development is applied to everything, and it has become difficult to question…。from… to… 意为“从…到…”，from… to… growth修饰everything。as a result表示结果。either… or… 意为“或者…或者…”，either… or the way 作question的宾语。the concept is put to use是定语从句，先行词为way，在这里可以不用引导词。 【译文】可持续发展被应用到了从能源到洁净水和经济增长的几乎每个领域。结果，要想质问这一概念背后的基本假设或者这一概念是如何被执行的，就变得很困难。 21. This is especially true in agriculture, where sustainable development is often taken as the sole measure of progress without a proper appreciation of historical and cultural perspectives. (2008年12月) 【分析】本句为复合句。主句为This is especially true in agriculture。where引导的非限定性定语从句sustainable… perspectives修饰逗号前面的agriculture。historical and cultural perspectives意为“从历史和文化的角度”。 【译文】这一现象在农业领域更是如此。在农业领域，可持续发展经常被当作进步的唯一标准，但人们忽略了从历史和文化的角度去合理地评价。 22. Although children of Mexican immigrants do better, in terms of educational and professional attainment, than their parents, UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains don’t continue. 【分析】本句为复杂句。主句为UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains don’t continue。Although引导让步状语从句。in terms of意为“在……方面”，in terms… attainment在句中作插入语。that引导的宾语从句作find的宾语。 【译文】尽管墨西哥移民的孩子在教育和职业造诣方面比他们的父母做得要好，但加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校的社会学家爱德华·泰勒斯却发现，他们的收入没有增加。 23. Telles fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks — that large parts of the community may become mired (陷入) in a seemingly permanent state of poverty and underachievement. 【分析】本句为复合句。 句子 关于阅读的唯美句子关于古风的唯美句子执行力的经典句子鼓励人努力奋斗的句子用沉默代替一切的句子 主干为Telles fears that…。that引导的宾语从句作fears的宾语。破折号后的内容对前面的内容进行解释说明，说明美籍墨西哥人正在步美国黑人的后尘。 【译文】泰勒斯担心，美籍墨西哥人注定要步美国黑人的后尘——大部分人都可能陷入看似永远的贫困和失意。 24. It is sitting at a record low against the euro and at a 30-year low against the Canadian dollar. (2008年6月) 【分析】本句为简单句。句子主干为It is sitting…。It指代的是前文中的美元。at… the Canadian dollar为介词短语。against 在这里表示美元与其他外币的兑换比率。 【译文】美元对欧元的比率也跌破记录，美元对加拿大元的比率更是跌到近三十年的最低点。 25. Many Europeans may view the U.S. as an arrogant superpower that has become hostile to foreigners. (2008年6月) 【分析】本句为复合句。句子主干为Europeans may view the U.S. as a superpower。view… as意为“把…看做”；第一句中的that引导定语从句，先行词为arrogant superpower。 【译文】许多欧洲人会认为美国是一个傲慢自大的超级大国，对外国人不友好。但是，没有什么比疲软的美元更让他们觉得美国温暖的了。 26. We see our kids’ college background as a prize demonstrating how well we’ve raised them. (2008年6月) 【分析】本句为复合句。主句为We see our kid’s college background as a prize。see… as意为“把…看做”；demonstrating为现在分词作定语修饰prize；how well we’ve raised them为demonstrating的宾语从句。 【译文】我们将孩子的大学背景看做是对自己辛苦抚养他们的奖励。 27. Underlying the hysteria (歇斯底里) is the belief that scarce elite degrees must be highly valuable. (2008年6月) 【分析】本句为复合句。主句为Underlying the hysteria is the belief。Underlying the hysteria为现在分词做主语，that引导同位语从句，修饰belief。 【译文】支撑这种疯狂的是这样一种信念：稀有的精英学位必定价值颇高。 28. I’m now applying to graduated school, which means someday I’ll return to a profession where people need to be nice to me in order to get what they want. (2007年12月) 【分析】本句为复合句。主句为I’m now applying to graduated school。which引导非限制性定语从句，作从句的主语。在定语从句中包含了一个省略了引导词that的宾语从句，作means的宾语。宾语从句中又嵌套了一个where引导的定语从句，修饰profession, where在从句中作状语。在这个定语从句中又包含一个what引导的宾语从句，作get的宾语。 【译文】目前，我在申请研究生学历，这就意味着有一天我重回职场时，人们会为了一己之利而对我献媚。 29. Like most people, I’ve long understood that I will be judged by my occupation, that my profession is a gauge people use to see how smart or talented I am. (2007年12月) 【分析】本句为并列复合句。主句为I’ve understood。主句谓语动词understood后有两个并列的that引导的宾语从句。在第二个宾语从句中包含一个省略that的定语从句people use…，修饰gauge，还包含一个how引导的宾语从句。 【译文】像大多数人一样，长期以来，我一直认为人们会以职业来评判我，我的职业才是人们用来评价我的聪明才智的标准。 30. According to an International Energy Agency study, if consumers chose those models that would save them the most money over the life of the appliance, they’d cut global residential power consumption (and their utility bills) by 43 percent. (2007年12月) 【分析】本句为复合句。主句为they’d cut… by 43 percent。if 引导条件状语从句，在从句中包含了一个that引导的定语从句，修饰models。这个条件状语从句为虚拟语气，表示对现在的假设，从句谓语用过去时态，主句谓语动词用would do。 【译文】 一份国际能源署的研究表明，如果消费者选择在使用期间能节省电器费用的家电型号，他们将节省43%的全球居民用电量(和电费)。 31. “Men in my generation (aged 25-40) have a fear of becoming dads because we have no role models,” says Jon Smith, a writer. (2007年12月) 【分析】本句为复合句。句子主干为“Men have a fear of becoming dads,” says Jon Smith。在直接引语中有一个because引导的原因状语从句。在宾语从句为直接引语的句子里，若全部或部分直接引语位于主句之前则用倒装。 【译文】“跟我同时代的男性(25岁到40岁之间)都害怕当爸爸，这是因为我们没有学习的榜样，”作家乔·史密斯这样说道。 32. “Our nation’s core bargain with the middle class is disintegrating,” lamented (哀叹) the 117th richest man in America. (2007年12月) 【分析】本句为复合句。本句主干为“bargain with the middle class is disintegrating,” lamented the richest man。直接引语作lament的宾语从句。在宾语从句为直接引语的句子里，若全部或部分直接引语位于主句之前，常用倒装。 【译文】“我们国家与中产阶级讨价还价的核心条件正在瓦解，”一位在美国富豪排行榜排名117位的富翁哀叹道。 33. If you love the social aspects of your job, but are stuck inside on office or “chained to your desk” most of the time, vow to follow your instinct and investigate alternative careers and work that allow you more time to interact with others. (2007年6月) 【分析】本句为复合句。主句为一个祈使句vow to…，其中包含一个that引导的定语从句，修饰work，that在从句中作主语。If引导条件状语从句。从句中包含一个but连接的并列结构。 【译文】如果你喜欢自己的工作具有社会性，然而大部分时间你却被拴在办公室里或者“被绑在办公桌上”，那就发誓按照自己内心的想法行事，去调查一下那些可以让你有更多的时间与他人进行交流的行业。 34. Miller developed a 7-step process to help potential job seekers assess their current situation and beliefs, identify their real passion, and start on a journey that allows them to pursue their passion through work. (2007年6月) 【分析】本句为并列复合句。本句主干为Miller developed a process to help job seekers assess their situation…start on a journey。that引导定语从句修饰journey，作从句的主语。主句中assess, identify, start都是help的并列补语。 【译文】米勒发明了七个步骤帮助那些潜在的求职者评估他们目前的处境及信念，激发他们真正的热情，然后踏上能让他们通过工作寻求激情的新征程。 35. Obviously, there’s a difference between getting rid of possessions and losing them through a natural disaster without having a say in the matter.(2006年12月) 【分析】本句为简单句。句子主干为 there’s a difference。between… and… 引出并列结构，between 为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词。介词 without 表示否定，后跟名词、代词或动名词。 【译文】显然，丢弃财产和在毫无征兆的自然灾害中丧失财产是完全不同的。 36. The Bush administration seems bent on satisfying the small but vocal group of Americans who oppose stem cell research under any conditions. (2006年12月) 【分析】本句为复合句。主句为The Bush administration seems bent on satisfying the small but vocal group of Americans。定语从句who oppose stem cell research under any conditions修饰Americans。 【译文】布什政府似乎下定决心要满足那一小部分大声疾呼在任何条件下都反对干细胞研究的美国人。 37. Fortunately, Grove and others are more interested in advancing scientific research that could benefit the large number of Americans who suffer from Parkinson’s disease, nerve injuries, heart diseases and many other problems. (2006年12月) 【分析】本句为复合句。主句为Grove and others are more interested in advancing scientific research。that引导定语从句，修饰research, that在定语从句中作主语。who引导定语从句，修饰Americans, who在从句中作主语。Parkinson’s disease, nerve injuries, heart diseases和many other problems是并列成分，作suffer from的宾语。advancing是动名词形式，不是形容词。 【译文】幸好，还有Grove和其他一些人致力于推进科学研究，以造福众多深受帕金森症、神经创伤、心脏病及许多其他疾病折磨的美国人。 38. Using this information, the amygdale(扁桃核) appraises a situation — I think this charging dog wants to bite me — and triggers a response by radiating nerve signals throughout the body.(2006年12月) 【分析】本句为并列句。句子主干为the amygdale appraises a situation and triggers a response。using this information是方式状语，I think this charging dog wants to bite me解释说明situation，是插入成分。 【译文】 运用这些信息，扁桃核对情况作出估计——我认为这只迎面跑来的狗要咬我——然后启动全身的神经信号，激发反应。 39. Of the 78 existing stem cell lines which Bush said are all that science would ever need, only one is in this country (at the University of Wisconsin), and only five are ready for distribution to researchers. (2006年12月) 【分析】本句为并列复合句。主句为only one is in this country, and only five… to researchers。which Bush said are all that science would ever need是定语从句，修饰 stem cell lines。Bush said 是插入语。 that 引导定语从句，先行词是all。 【译文】 布什称现存的78项干细胞系已能够满足科研所需，但这78个干细胞系中只有一个在美国(威斯康星大学)，而且只有五个准备分配给研究人员。 40. Once on the inside of the government they have both political parties busily tearing up all the regulations that protect the rest of us from the greed of the rich. (2006年12月) 【分析】本句为复合句。本句主干为they have political parties。that引导定语从句，修饰regulations，that 在从句中作主语。on the inside的主语是they，所以省略they are,其完整形式是once they are on the inside。 【译文】 而一旦进入政府，他们就让两党赶快撕毁所有保护我们这些人免受富人贪婪压榨的规章 制度 关于办公室下班关闭电源制度矿山事故隐患举报和奖励制度制度下载人事管理制度doc盘点制度下载 。 41. “By and large, I clearly had not found a way to help classes full of MBAs see that there is more to life than money, power, fame and self-interest,” he wrote at the time.(2006年12月) 【分析】本句为复合句。主句为I clearly had not found a way to help classes see…。to help classes full of MBAs see是动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰way。that there is more to life than money, power, fame and self-interest是see的宾语。 【译文】“总的说来，我显然还没有找到一种方法，让那么多班集的MBA们明白生活中有比金钱、权力、名誉和一己私利更重要的东西，”他当时这样写道。 42. That is, as LeDoux says, “if you put that system into a brain that has consciousness, then you get the feeling of fear.”(2006年12月) 【分析】本句为复合句。本句主干为That is “if you put that system into a brain, you get the feeling of fear.”。直接引语是主句的表语。as LeDoux says是方式状语从句。直接引语中，if引导条件状语从句，主句是you get the feeling of fear。that has consciousness是定语从句，修饰brain。 【译文】 也就是，正像雷杜克斯说的那样，“如果你把那个系统放入有意识的大脑里，你就会感觉到恐惧。” 43. Humans, says Edward M. Hallowell, have the ability to call up images of bad things that happened in the past and to anticipate future events.(2006年12月) 【分析】本句为复合句。主句为Human have the ability to call up images of bad things…。to call up images和to anticipate future events是不定式短语作后置定语，修饰ability。that happened in the past是定语从句，修饰bad things。 【译文】 爱德华·M·哈洛韦尔说，人可以回忆起过去发生的不快乐的事情，也能够预测将来的事情。 44. Those would-be executives had, says Etzioni, little interest in concepts of ethics and morality in the boardroom — and their professor was met with blank stares when he urged his students to see business in new and different ways.(2006年12月) 【分析】本句为并列复合句。本句主干为executives had little interest in concepts and their professor was met with blank stares。says Etzioni是插入语。在第二个分句中，when引导时间状语从句。