初中英语_同义句转换精析

初中英语_同义句转换精析 篇一:初中英语同义句转换精析 初中英语同义句转换精析 初中英语同义句转换精析 1. 同义句转换题是近几年来中考英语 试题 中考模拟试题doc幼小衔接 数学试题 下载云南高中历年会考数学试题下载N4真题下载党史题库下载 的常见题型之 一。该题型能够全面考查学生灵活运用英语的能力，要求学 生反应敏捷，联想丰富，能用不同的句子或短语来表达同一 意义。本文就同义句转换题的特点及转换形式进行分析，希 望从中帮助同学们找出规律，提高其应试能力。 2. Eg.People were in a hurry to take the sick man to hospital.(写出同义句) People _______ _______ take the sick man to hospital. People hurries to take the sick man to hospital. 同义句转换的实质就是替代、合并和改写句子。具体分析 如下: 一:替代 1、 用一个新的词、短语替代原句中有关部分。 1 如:? I received a letter from Lucy . = I heard from Lucy . (receive a letter from ? hear from ) ? I often walk to school every day . = I often go to school on foot . (walk ? go on foot ) ? She decided to stop learning English . = She decided to give up English . (stop doing sth. ? give up doing sth. ) 2、 用反义词来替代。如: 3、 ? We are in different rows . = We aren’tin the same row . (different ? same ) 4、 ? My bike is cheaper than yours . = Your bike is more expensive than mine . ( cheap ? expensive ) 用反义词或反义短语来替换时，一般会有一个否 定意义的词，如 not , less , no , never , hardly 等。 二:合并句子 合并句子一般是通过并列连词将两个简单句合并为一句。 常见的并列连词有:not only … but also , both … and , neither …nor, either … or 等。例如: ? Mary didn’t go to the park . I didn’t , either . 2 = Neither Mary nor I went to the park . ? Wei Hua may go to the cinema , or Ann may because there is only one ticket . = Either WeiHua or Ann may go to the cinema because there is only one ticket . ? John has got a penfriend . Mike has got a penfriend , too . = Not only John but also Mike has got a penfriend . = Both John and Mike have got penfriends . 三:改写句子 通过能够表达同一意义的不同句型、句式、语态的转换， 来达到改写句子的目的。具体可分为: 1、 复合句改为简单句。含宾语从句的复合句变简单句时， 可用不定式改写，将宾语从句中的谓语动词变为不定式。如: ? We all agree that we should leave at once . = We all agree to leave at once . ? Could you tell me when we will start ? = Could you tell me when to start ? 含宾语从句的复合句变简单句时，还可用复合宾语，即宾 语加宾语补助语来改写。如: 3 1. I saw he went into the room just now . = I saw him go into the room just now . 2. Edison’s mother found that he was a clever boy . = Edison’s mother found him clever . We heard that she was singing in English . = We heard her singing in English . 2、含状语从句的复合句变简单句时，常用以下方法:以 so…that 引导的结果状语从句常转换为 too … to 或 enoughto 结构。如: He is so young that he can’t go to school . = He is too young to go to school . = He isn’t old enough to go to school . 另外还可通过结构和语态的转换来改写。如: I can’t finish the work if you don’t help me . = I can’t finish the work without your help . = I can’t finish the work unless you help me . We use computers in many ways . = Computersareusedin many ways . 3、 句型间的转换，要求对能够表达同一意义的常用句 4 型结构了解甚透。如: It took me two hours to finish my homework . = I spent two hours in finishing my homework . If you don’t hurry , you will be late . = Hurry up , or you’ll be late . 4、 还可利用词性转换来改写。如: There was aheavy snow here last night . = It snowed heavily here last night . Uncle Wang i nvented the machine . = Uncle Wang was the inventor of the machine . 四:热身练习: 1. (A) It’s good for your health to do exercise often . (B) _____ exercise often can make you _____ . 2. (A) This picture looks the same as that one . (B) _____ _____ ______ ______ the two pictures . 3. (A) Tom is taller than any other student in his class . 5 (B)Tom is _____ _____ in his class . 4. (A) I’ll go to bed after I finish my homework . (B)I _____ go to bed _____ I finish my homework . 5. (A) Cross the bridge , you will find the building . (B)____ _____ the bridge , you’ll find the building . 6. (A) My father went to Beijing last year . He is still there now . (B)My father ______ _____ _____ Beijing ______ last year . 7. (A) It’s a long time since we wet last . (B)We _____ _____ each other for a long time since we wet last . 8. (A) He wrote the book in 2000. (B)The book _____ _____ by ____ in 2000. 9. (A) Lucy was born on March 5 , 1989 , so was Lily . (B)Lucy is _____ _____ _____ Lily . 10.(A) We can hardly decide what we shall do 6 next . (B)______ ______ for us to decide what ____ ____ next . 11.(A) He doesn’t like singing . He doesn’t like dancing , either . (B)He likes _____ singing _____ dancing . 12.(A) The light in the room was so weak that the doctor wasn’t able to operate . (B)The doctor _____ do the _____ _____ such bad light inside the room . 13.(A) It was very hot last night . I could hardly sleep . (B)It was _____ hot last night ____ I could hardly sleep . 14.(A) Bill Gates knows much about computers . (B)Bill Gates _____ a lot of ______ of computers . 15.(A) One day the librarian had an idea . (B)One day the librarian _____ _____ ______ an idea . 16.(A) We are so happy that we can’t say a word . 7 (B)We are ____ happy _____ say _____ . 17.(A) Have you ever been abroad ? (B)Have you ever been to any _____ _____ ? 18.(A) The old man died two years ago . (B)The old man _____ ______ ______ ______ two years . 19.(A) Both Mary and Ann passed the exam . (B)______ Mary nor Ann ______ the exam . 20.(A) Chinese is less popular than English . (B)Chinese isn’t _____ popular _____ English . 21.(A) They spent two hours on the experiment . (B)It _____ ______ two hours _____ _____ the experiment . 22.(A) That’s not an interesting film , I think . (B)I _____ think that _____ an interesting film . 23.(A) Mr. Smith was once an English teacher . (B)Mr. Smith ______ _____ be an English teacher . 24.(A) How is the weather today ? (B)______ the weather _____ today ? 25.(A) He spent 500 yuan on the bicycle . 8 (B)The bicycle ______ ______ 500 yuan . 26.(A) Each of them has an apple . (B)They _____ an apple _____ . 27.(A) We use knives to cut things . (B)Knives _____ ______ ______ _____ things . 28.(A) Li Lei jumped farthest in our class . (B)In our class _____ jumped so far ____ Li Lei . 29.(A) He has lived here since he was born . (B)He has lived here _____ _____ _____ . 30.(A) When he was three , he could read and write . (B)_____ the _____ of three , he could read and write . 31.(A) This coat is too big for me . That coat is too small for me . (B)The coats are _____ too big _____ too small for me . 32.(A) If you don’t think hard , you won’t find the answer . (B)_____ _____ , ______ you won’t find the answer . 9 33.(A) Lucy’s parents are very proud of their daughter . (B)Lucy is _____ ______ ______ her parents . 34.(A) The film is the most interesting one that I have ever seen . (B)I have _____ seen _____ an interesting film before . 35.(A) Bike is short for bicycle . (B)Bike is another way _____ _____ bicycle . 36.(A) When I got there , I found he was lying on the ground . (B)When I got there , I found _____ _____ on the ground . 37.(A) We have had no holiday for about one month . (B)We haven’t had a _____ _____ for about one month . 38.(A) It’s hard to stop smoking in a short time . (B)It’s hard to _____ _____ smoking in a short time . 39.(A) My brother joined the PLA a year ago . 10 (B) My brother _____ _____ a _____ for a year . 40.(A) The factory has been open for half a year . (B)______ half a year _____ the factory _____ . 41. (A) She walks slowest of the four . (B) She walks _____ than the _____ _____ . 42. (A) Put the tree in the hole so that it is straight . (B) Put the tree in the hole ____ _____ it straight . 43. (A) It was very late . Jim was still doing his lessons. (B) _____ it was very late , Jim still went _____ _____ his lessons . 44. (A) Most of his questions were not about his lessons . (B) Most of his questions had ____ to _____ with his lessons . 45. (A) They will go to Hong Kong by air next week . (B)They will _____ _____ Hong Kong next 11 week . 46. (A) My penfriends often write letters to me . (B)I often _____ ______ my penfriends . 47. (A) Everyone is here except Wei Hua . (B)______ Wei Hua ____ here . 48. (A) I don’t want to eat anything . (B)I don’t _____ ______ eating anything . 49. (A) Jim isn’t good at Chinese . (B)Jim _____ _____ _____ _____ Chinese . 50.(A) How many people are there in Germany ? (B)_____ the ______ of Germany ? 篇二:初中英语同义句转换的九种类型 初中英语同义句转换的九种类型 同义句转换题是近几年中考英语的一个常考题型，其出题 形式通常是同时给出两个句子，第一句完整，第二句中设有 几处空格，要求考生填入适当的词或词组，使第二句的意思 与第一句意思相同。它综合考查考生的语法、词汇、短语或 习惯用语和句型结构等知识，要求运用所学的词汇、语法知 识和句型结构填写句子，使句子结构完整、逻辑合理、语法 知识无误、意思与所给句子相同。通过对近几年的中考英语 试题中同义句转换题的分析，我们发现中考英语同义句转换 12 题主要考查以下几个方面: 一、运用同义词(组)进行转换 用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换， 注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适 应。如: 1. That day we could see flowers here and there. That day we could see flowers __________. 分析:答案为everywhere。everywhere与here and there 都表示“到处”。 2. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school. The teacher always_______ ______the children well in the school. 分析:答案为looks after。take good care of与look after?well都表示“好好照顾”。 二、运用反义词(组)的否定式进行转换 即用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思，主要 考查学生对反义词(词组)的积累和换位思维的能力。如: 1. It’s clear that this visit is different from last time. It’s clear that this visit is not the___ ___last time. 分析:答案为same as。be different from意为“与??不同”; the same as意为“与??相同”，其否定式与be different from 同义。 2. I think wealth is less important than health. I ___ 13 think wealth is ___ important than health. 分析:答案为don’t，more。less important的意思是“没 有(不及)??重要”;more important的意思是“(比)??更 重要”，该结构与not连用，则表示“不比??更重要”。 另外，有的反义词即使不与否定词连用，而只需改变句子 结构也可构成同义句。如: He lent some money to his friend. He friend ___ some money ___ him. 分析:答案为borrowed，from。borrow?from意为“向?? 借??”;lend?to意为“把??借给??”。两个结构意思相反，但 若变换“借出者”与“借入者”的位置，则可转换为同义句。 三、运用不同语态进行转换 即运用主动语态与被动语态的变化来转换同义词，但此时 要特别注意时态、动词一致性。如: 1. Everyone should give back his library books on time. Library books should____ ____ ____ on time.分析:答案为be given back。被动句中含 有情态动词should，因此助动词用be。 2. It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today. Computers ____ widely ___ in the world today. 分析:答案为are，used。computers是复数名词，助动 词用are。 四、非延续性动词与延续性动词的相互转换 即非延续性动词与延续性动词进行转换，此时往往会涉及 14 时态的变化。 如: 1. The manager left two hours ago. The manager _____ ____ ____ for two hours. 分析:答案为has been away。leave为非延续性动词，不 能与for two hours这样的一段时间连用，而改成be away这 样的延续性动词后，则可连用一段时间。 2. The film began five minutes ago. The film has been _____ _____ five minutes. 分析:答案为on for。has been提示时态是现在完成时态， “for+时间段”表示“持续(一段时间)”，常用在含有现在完 成时态的句子里。 3. Mr Li joined the Party twenty years ago. Mr Li _____ _____ _____ the Party for twenty years. 答案:has been in。短暂动词join，意为“参加、加入(组 织，政党)”，不能与延续时间状语连用，与延续性时间状 语连用时，将join改成be in或be a member in?。 五、运用不同引语进行转换 即将直接引语变为间接引语或将间接引语转换成直接引 语。此时还要注意相关时态、人称、动词、状语等相应的变 化。如: 1. “I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me. He _________ me that he _________ _________ his wallet. 15 分析:答案为told，had found。此题是将直接引语转换成间 接引语。 2. “Did you see her last week?” he said. He _______ _______ I had seen her the week _______. 分析:答案为asked if/ whether, before。此题是将疑问句 的直接引语转换成间接引语。 六、运用简单句与复合句之间的转换 即将简单句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的简 单句。如: 1. We didn’t go out for a walk because it was raining. We didn’t go out for a walk _______ _______ the rain. 分析:答案为because of。将原因状语从句because it was raining改为表示原因的介词短语because of the rain。 2. He was so excited that he couldn’t go to sleep. He was ______ ______ ______ go to sleep. 分析:答案为too excited to。将so?that?换成too?to?结 构，原句的that从句为结果状语从句，改写句中的不定式仍 表结果。 3. Now I will show you how to do the work. Now I will show you ______ ______ ______ do the work. 分析:答案为how you can。即将原句中的“疑问词+不定 式”结构转换成宾语从句。 4. You should put them back after you use them. You should put them back _____ _____ 16 them. 分析:答案为after using。即将after引导的状语从句 改写为after引导的介词短语。 七、运用并列句与复合句之间的转换 即将并列句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的并 列句。如: 1. Come on, or we’ll miss the early bus. ____ we ____ hurry, we’ll miss the early bus. 分析:答案为If， don’t。if引导条件状语从句。 2. The man gave us a talk last week. Now he will give us another talk this week. The man _____ gave us a talk last week _____ _____ us another talk this week. 分析:答案为who/ that，will give。who/ that gave us a talk last week为定语从句，修饰先行词the man。 八、运用关联连词连接或合并句子 即运用关联连词both?and?，neither?nor?，either?or?， not only?but also?等将两个简单句合并为一个简单句。此时 要注意的是，both?and?连接两个主语时，谓语总是用复数， 而neither?nor?，either?or?，not only?but also?连接两个主 语时，谓语动词通常应与靠近的主语保持一致。如: 1. Tom can’t speak Japanese well and Jim can’t, either. ______ Tom ______ Jim can speak Japanese well. 分析:答案填Neither，nor。neither?nor?表示“??和?? (两者)都不”，刚好与原句的两个否定结构的意思相吻合。 17 2. Alice has read the book and Peter has read it, too. ______ Alice ______ Peter have read the book. 分析:答案为Both，and。both?and?的意思是“??和?? (两者)都”。 3. This store sells men’s shoes, and it also sells men’s clothes. This store sells ______ ______ men’s shoes ______ ______ men’s clothes. 分析:答案为not only， but also。表示“不仅??而且??”之意。 九、利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换 这类典型结构如so?that?，too?to?，enough to，not?until?， so do I等。如: 1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too. Jim wants to go boating, and ______ ______ his parents. 分析:答案为so do。句意为“??他的父母也一 样(一样想去)”。 2. John went to bed after he finished his homework. John ______ go to bed ______ he finished his homework. 篇三:初中英语同义句转换大全 一 同义词互相转换 1 alone=by oneself We finished the work alone./by ourselves. 2 actually=in fact Actually, this question is very easy./ In fact, this question is 18 very easy. 3 also=too=as well He’s also a member of us./He’s a member of us, too./He’ s a member of us as well. 4 another=one more I’m afraid you have to wait for another ten minutes./I’m afraid you have to wait ten more minutes. 5 arrive in(at)/=get to=reach When she arrived in/got to/reached America, she suddenly felt lonely. 6 iat once=right now Run home at once=Run home right now. 7 continue/go on Let’s continue/go on reading the passage. 8 cost=spend=take=pay (1) I spent ten yuan of/(in) buying this book../This book cost me ten yuan./I paid ten yuan for this book. (2) It took us three days to fulfill this task./We spent three days on this task/in fulfilling this task. 9 cross=go across 19 Before crossing/going across the road, please look both sides. 10 sometimes/=t times He is a good man, but he can be really bad-tempered sometimes./at times. 11 die/=ose one’s life Those people died/lost their lives during the earthquake. 12 now/at the moment She is talking about the problem with her classmates now./at the moment 13 else=other What else/other things can you see in the picture? 14 then=t that moment/at that time She was shopping then/at that moment/at that time, so she knew nothing about it. 15 like/love/enjoy/be fond of/be interested in/care for She likes/enjoys/loves/is fond of/is interested in/cares for collecting stamps very much. 16 will/be going to/be about to The teachers will/are going to/are about to have a meeting tomorrow afternoon. 17 want/would like Do you want to go abroad to study further?/Would you 20 like to go abroad to study further/ 18 can/be able to/have the ability to do Can you tell me the way to the library?/Are you able to tell me the way to the library?/Do you have the ability to tell me the way to the library? 19 visit/call on Lin Tao visited/called on his grandparents last week. 20 favorite/like best What’s your favorite sport?/What sport do you like best? 21 happen/take place What happened?/What took place? 22 decide/make a decision/make up one’s mind She can’t decide/make a decision/make up her mind where to go. 23 found/establish/set up The students founded/established/set up a group to protect the environment. 24 finally/at last/in the end Finally/At last/In the end, she won the race. 25 leave/be away He left yesterday./He has been away for a day. 26 return/give back 21 He hasn’t returned the book to me./He hasn’t given the book back to me. return/go back He will go back/return in a month. 27 why/what for/how come -She cried so badly.–How come? What did she cry so sadly for?/Why did she cry so badly? 28 over/more than Over/More than a hundred people tried this new kind of food. 29 whatever/no matter what Whatever/No matter what you find in the box, they belong to Amy. 30 whenever/no matter when Whenever/No matter when you come to see me, I will treat you as my relative. 31 walk/ go…on foot Do you walk to school every day?/Do you go to school on foot every day? 32 should/ought to/be supposed to We should/ought to/are supposed to use both sides of the paper to reduce wastes. 22 33 population/people What is the population of China?/How many people are there in China? 34 quit/stop/drop/give up My father quitted/stopped/dropped/gave up smoking. 35 maybe/perhaps/may be Maybe/Perhaps it is not my pen./ The pen may not be mine. 二 同义词组互相转换 1 a lot of/lots of A lot of/Lots of artists will show their faces at the party. 2 all over the world/around the world English is spoken widely all over the world./around the world 3 not as(so)…as/less than This book is not as(so) interesting as that one./That book is more interesting than this one. 4 as…as possible/as…as sb can Run home as fast as possible/as fast as you can to tell your mother the good news. 5 at risk/in danger/in trouble The pandas in our country are at risk./in trouble/in danger 23 6 at the age of…/when sb.+be+…years old His parents died when he was six years old./His parents died at the age of six. 7 because of/due to/as a result of/with one’s help/thanks to Because of?/Due to/As a result of his help, he passed this exam. With his help/With the help of him, he passed the exam./Thanks to his help, he passed the exam. 8 be careful/look out/take care Look out!/Be careful/Take care! The flood is coming. 9 be worried about/worry about Liu Ming is worried about his following oral test./Liu Ming can’t stop his following oral test. 10 both…and…/not only…but also… He is not only a singer but also a doctor./He is both a singer and a doctor. 11 be good at/do well in He is good at drawing./He does well in drawing. 12 be proud of/take pride in We are all proud of our country’s astronaut./He takes pride in our country’s astronaut. 13 come up with/think of/have an idea 24 Tome came up an idea./Tom thought of an idea./Tom had an idea. 14 ride a bike/go…by bike He often rides a bike to work./He often goes to work by bike. 15 come from/be from Where do you come from?/Where are you from? 16 have a good time/enjoy oneself//play happily We had a good time/enjoyed ourselves/played happily on Christmas Day. 17 have a pain in head/have a headache He didn’t go to school today, because he had a pain in head./had a headache 18 hear from/receive(get) a letter from She is very happy to hear from/receive a letter from a Canadian friend. 19 had better do/It’s best to do You had better read in the sun./It’s best for you to read in the sun. 20 how about/what about How about/What about going skating? 21 in order to/in order that/to do/so that 25 He worked day and night to be a successful man./He worked day and night in order to be a successful man./He worked day and night in order that he could be a successful man./He worked day and night so that he could be a successful man. 22 keep off/keep away from Keep off /Keep away from the grass! 23 in/wear She is in/wears a white dress today. 24 keep sb. from doing/stop sb. (from) doing/prevent sb. (from) doing Trees can stop the soil flowing away./ Trees can prevent the soil flowing away./Trees can keep the soil from flowing away. 25 learn …by oneself/ teach oneself Nobody taught him. He learnt it by himself./He taught himself. 26 like …better than/prefer…to…/prefer to do…rather than do … John likes swimming better than skating./John prefers swimming to skating./John prefer to swim rather than skate. 27 long, long ago/once upon a time 26 Long, long ago/Once upon a time, there was a beautiful princess living in an old castle. 28 look after well/take good care of Thanks for looking after my cat /taking good care of my cat well while I was away. 29 no longer/not …any longer She is no longer a little girl./She is not a little girl any longer. 30 shall we/Let’s.. Shall we watch the film together?/Let’s watch the film together. 31 take part in/join in/participate in He took part in /joined in/participated in the match. 32 too…to/so…that…/enough to… He is too busy to visit us./He is so busy that he can’t visit us./He is not free enough to visit us. 三 同义句型互相转换 1运用两种时态(一般过去时和现在完成时互相转换) (1) He left last year. (2) He has been away for one year. (3) He has been away since a year ago. (4) It is a year since he left. 27 (5) One year has passed since he left. 2最高级和比较级的互相转换 (1) He is the tallest student in his class. (2) He is taller than any other student in his class. (3) He is taller than the other students in his class. (4) No one else is taller than him in his class. 3运用两种语态(主动语态和被动语态互相转换) I clean my room every day./My room is cleaned every day. 4感叹句的两种句型之间互相转换 What a careful girl she is!/How careful the girl is! 5运用关联词语合并句子 (1) Amy can’t dance. Susan can’t, either. Neither Amy nor Susan can dance. (2) I has eaten breakfast and my mother has eaten it, too. Both my mother and I have eaten breakfast. 6运用复合句和不定式互相转换 (1) I hope that I can visit the moon one day./I hope to visit the moon one day. (2) He told me how he could use a computer./He told me how to use a computer. 7运用不同的句式结构互相转换 (1) She wants to go shopping and her friends want to go 28 shopping, too./She wants to go shopping, and so do her friends. (2) He went to bed after he finished his homework./He went to bed after finishing his homework./He didn’t go to bed until he finished his homework. (3) Come on, or we’ll miss the early bus./If we don’t hurry, we’ll miss the early bus. (4) The man gave us a talk last week, and he will give us another talk this week./The man who gave us a talk last week will give us another talk this week. 8用it做形式主语互相转换 (1) He can finish the work easily./It is easy for him to finish the work. (2) We found it hard to shake./We found it was hard to skate. 四 实战演练 1People everywhere sat and laughed at them until the tears ran down their faces. People ______ and _______sat and laughed at them until the tears ran down their faces. 2Fred was visiting his mother on her 95th birthday. 29 Fred was visiting his mother _______ she was ______ years old. 3She lives alone. She lives ________ __________. 4 Due to the way they eat, they have a high rate of cancer and heart disease. ________ ________ the way they eat, they have a high rate of cancer and heart disease. 5 But it took her a long time to find out. But she ______ a long time _______ out. 30