国际投资学期中l论文

国际投资学期中l论文 ——关于人民币国际化问题分析 姓 名:xxx 学 号:xxx 班 级:xxx班 5 principles of basic theory and application of Interventional Radiology, the basic techniques of Interventional Radiology, interventional surgical indications and contraindications, and perioperative management of various types of interventions. (2) Department of internal medicine and related: require regular visits and physical examination techniques, and familiarity with the clinical diseases listed in the following table, physical signs, laboratory testing and diagnosis, in particular, to master a variety of first aid. Learning disease species requirements: System disease species breathing, and circulatory system bronchial expansion, bacteria sex pneumonia, Lung abscess, tuberculosis, lung cancer rheumatic heart valve disease, coronary heart disease, pericarditis Digest, and urinary system endocrine system Digest road Ulcer (stomach, and duodenal ulcer), Digest road tumor (gastric cancer, and knot rectal cancer), cirrhosis, liver cell cancer, pancreatic inflammatory, pancreatic cancer various type nephritis, kidney failure, bladder inflammatory various goiter, thyroid gland tumor, thyroid cancer bone joint system bone loose, and bone metabolism disease, and endocrine bone disease According to the professional future work in selected non-specified sections (including Pediatrics, Neurology, etc) Web (you can select a Department). ? Pediatric rotation learn: awareness ... 摘 要:2008年全球金融危机后,随着美国金融危机愈演愈烈,欧元区相继出现主权债务危机,而中国经济高速的发展使得人民币逐步放开,在世界经济和国际贸易中作用也越来越大,人民币国际化问题再次成为世界关注之重点。本文首先论及现有国际货币体系的弊端,接着指出人民币面临的挑战,国际化是一项极其艰巨的系统 工程 路基工程安全技术交底工程项目施工成本控制工程量增项单年度零星工程技术标正投影法基本原理 ,它需要一系列前提条件;最后得出结论。随着国际货币体系的变化和中国经济地位的提升，人民币日益深入国际化成为不可阻挡的潮流。 关键词:人民币、国际化、意义、措施 正 文:关于人民币国际化问题，首先，我们要理解国际化的含义:人民币国际化是指人民币能够跨越国界，在境外流通，成为国际上普遍认可的几家、结算及储备货币的过程。其实质是货币的价值尺度、流通手段、贮藏手段、支付手段等职能有国内市场向国际市场延伸。我们应该抓住人民币国际化难得的机遇期，让人民币成为多元化国际储备货币中的医院，加快推进人民币的国际化进程，这符合我国的长远发展战略。 随着经济全球化和区域经济一体化的加速发展，区域货币的创造成为一种必然的趋势。本国货币国际化可以带来国际铸币税收益，降低汇率风险和提高国际影响力等诸多利益。索然货币国际化会加大国家遭受经济和金融动荡冲击的可能性，但总的来说利大于弊。 一、 人民币国际化的意义 (一)民币的国际化有助于提升我国的国际影响和货币的话语权 由于不存在世界政府和世界中央银行，一些国家的国币同时担5 principles of basic theory and application of Interventional Radiology, the basic techniques of Interventional Radiology, interventional surgical indications and contraindications, and perioperative management of various types of interventions. (2) Department of internal medicine and related: require regular visits and physical examination techniques, and familiarity with the clinical diseases listed in the following table, physical signs, laboratory testing and diagnosis, in particular, to master a variety of first aid. Learning disease species requirements: System disease species breathing, and circulatory system bronchial expansion, bacteria sex pneumonia, Lung abscess, tuberculosis, lung cancer rheumatic heart valve disease, coronary heart disease, pericarditis Digest, and urinary system endocrine system Digest road Ulcer (stomach, and duodenal ulcer), Digest road tumor (gastric cancer, and knot rectal cancer), cirrhosis, liver cell cancer, pancreatic inflammatory, pancreatic cancer various type nephritis, kidney failure, bladder inflammatory various goiter, thyroid gland tumor, thyroid cancer bone joint system bone loose, and bone metabolism disease, and endocrine bone disease According to the professional future work in selected non-specified sections (including Pediatrics, Neurology, etc) Web (you can select a Department). ? Pediatric rotation learn: awareness ... 当着世界货币的角色。建立在一国或几国“国内货币国际化”基础上的国际货币本位制，内在地规定了国际汇率 制度 关于办公室下班关闭电源制度矿山事故隐患举报和奖励制度制度下载人事管理制度doc盘点制度下载 的不平等性。目前国际货币体系主要由美元、欧元、日元组成，是一种部队称的货币体系，发达国家掌握了货币话语权，在国际货币体系中居于主导地位。人民币国际化后，中国就拥有了一种世界货币的发行和调节权，对全球经济活动的影响和发言权也随之增加，一旦成为国际货币体系的重要组成部分，对全球经济稳定和增长也会做出重要的贡献。 (二)人民币的国际化有利于国内企业规避汇率浮动的风险 人民币升值，对出口利润率不高的企业的打击将是致命的。如果人民币成为国际货币，那么，中国许多企业的进出口业务可以更加方便地要求以人民币计价，这样一来，我国企业的销售和成本都按人民币来计算，外贸与内贸没有区别，汇率波动的风险自然推给了外方，起好处是很大的。 (三)人民币的国际化有助于增加铸币税收入 铸币税，指货币当局因发行货币而获得的收入。主权国家发行不兑现的信用货币都是借助货币垄断发行权向持有者筹集资金的一种行为。发行世界货币相当于无偿从别国征收铸币税。人民币国际化后，我国不仅可以在国际交换中更多地使用人民币，从而减少外汇储备，而且获得更多的铸币税收入。 (四)人民币国际化可以有效地避免国际收支危机 当一国货币成为国际货币后，该国可以发行以本位币计价的金融工具，这就为本国企业创造了一个能在很大程度上规避金融危机的5 principles of basic theory and application of Interventional Radiology, the basic techniques of Interventional Radiology, interventional surgical indications and contraindications, and perioperative management of various types of interventions. (2) Department of internal medicine and related: require regular visits and physical examination techniques, and familiarity with the clinical diseases listed in the following table, physical signs, laboratory testing and diagnosis, in particular, to master a variety of first aid. Learning disease species requirements: System disease species breathing, and circulatory system bronchial expansion, bacteria sex pneumonia, Lung abscess, tuberculosis, lung cancer rheumatic heart valve disease, coronary heart disease, pericarditis Digest, and urinary system endocrine system Digest road Ulcer (stomach, and duodenal ulcer), Digest road tumor (gastric cancer, and knot rectal cancer), cirrhosis, liver cell cancer, pancreatic inflammatory, pancreatic cancer various type nephritis, kidney failure, bladder inflammatory various goiter, thyroid gland tumor, thyroid cancer bone joint system bone loose, and bone metabolism disease, and endocrine bone disease According to the professional future work in selected non-specified sections (including Pediatrics, Neurology, etc) Web (you can select a Department). ? Pediatric rotation learn: awareness ... 融资方式。如果中国的企业和政府能够在国际上发行以人民币计价的债券，那么，即使人民币汇率发生波动，中国的企业和政府也不用担心发生国际收支危机，因为中国的债务人的收入和债务在汇值上是对等的。 (五)人民币的国际化有利于增强我国货币政策的自主性 有时为了维持人民币汇率的稳定，央行表被动入市，买入或者卖出外汇。经济调控内外均衡面临着冲突，削弱了我国货币政府的自主性。人民币的国际化有利于我国内外均衡的协调发展，有利于增强我国货币政策的自主性。 二、人民币国际化的措施 人民币国际化给我们带来了总总有利的作用，促进人民币国际化是一种趋势。首先，我们应遵循稳健的原则和低调的策略。顺应市场发展的潮流和要求，韬光养晦，埋头苦干。人民币国际化意味着更大的国际责任，在当前全球经济失衡背景中，其他国家会以此为借口，过分要求中国承担调节责任，向中国转嫁风险。其次，我们要立足于亚洲，坚持区域货币到国际货币的发展路径。以东盟为依托，提高人民币在亚太地区的影响，积极稳妥参与亚洲货币合作，稳步提高人民币在区域贸易中的份额。开辟渠道，建立 机制 综治信访维稳工作机制反恐怖工作机制企业员工晋升机制公司员工晋升机制员工晋升机制图 ，在可控制的基础上满足一些东亚国家将人民币作为储备资产的需求，为人民币国际化创造有利条件。然后，进一步完善我国的金融市场体系。人民币要成为国际化货币，要让其他国家普遍愿意接受，中国国内必须要有高速发展的金融市场。再次，我们要消除不必要的外汇管制。要完成人民币国5 principles of basic theory and application of Interventional Radiology, the basic techniques of Interventional Radiology, interventional surgical indications and contraindications, and perioperative management of various types of interventions. (2) Department of internal medicine and related: require regular visits and physical examination techniques, and familiarity with the clinical diseases listed in the following table, physical signs, laboratory testing and diagnosis, in particular, to master a variety of first aid. Learning disease species requirements: System disease species breathing, and circulatory system bronchial expansion, bacteria sex pneumonia, Lung abscess, tuberculosis, lung cancer rheumatic heart valve disease, coronary heart disease, pericarditis Digest, and urinary system endocrine system Digest road Ulcer (stomach, and duodenal ulcer), Digest road tumor (gastric cancer, and knot rectal cancer), cirrhosis, liver cell cancer, pancreatic inflammatory, pancreatic cancer various type nephritis, kidney failure, bladder inflammatory various goiter, thyroid gland tumor, thyroid cancer bone joint system bone loose, and bone metabolism disease, and endocrine bone disease According to the professional future work in selected non-specified sections (including Pediatrics, Neurology, etc) Web (you can select a Department). ? Pediatric rotation learn: awareness ... 际化的第二步即让人民币成为区域间的投资货币，其前提是人民币可自由兑换，人民币的可兑换是走向国际货币的基础，过于严格的外汇管制将制约人民币的国际化进程。不失时机地推进人民币全面可自由兑换，将会为人民币国际化奠定坚实德尔基础。除了上述措施外，我们还要依托我国香港国际金融中心地位，大力发展人民币离岸金融业务。 当然，最重要的是不断增强国力。一个强大的货币背后必须要有强大的和高效率的经济做后盾。经济的大起大落一定会使得壁纸随之大起大落，因此经济的稳定增长是人民币因国际互的重要先决条件，人民币的国际化也会反过来进一步促进我国经济又好又快发展。 总而言之，人民币国际化的趋势不可阻挡，我们所做的应是顺应时代的发展，为人民币国际化创造良好的条件。 参考文献:《走向全球第3大货币:人民币国际化问题分析》 宋敏 北京大学出版社 2011年7月 《人民币国际化进程的路径探析》 张琦生 金融理论与实践 2007年07期 5 principles of basic theory and application of Interventional Radiology, the basic techniques of Interventional Radiology, interventional surgical indications and contraindications, and perioperative management of various types of interventions. (2) Department of internal medicine and related: require regular visits and physical examination techniques, and familiarity with the clinical diseases listed in the following table, physical signs, laboratory testing and diagnosis, in particular, to master a variety of first aid. Learning disease species requirements: System disease species breathing, and circulatory system bronchial expansion, bacteria sex pneumonia, Lung abscess, tuberculosis, lung cancer rheumatic heart valve disease, coronary heart disease, pericarditis Digest, and urinary system endocrine system Digest road Ulcer (stomach, and duodenal ulcer), Digest road tumor (gastric cancer, and knot rectal cancer), cirrhosis, liver cell cancer, pancreatic inflammatory, pancreatic cancer various type nephritis, kidney failure, bladder inflammatory various goiter, thyroid gland tumor, thyroid cancer bone joint system bone loose, and bone metabolism disease, and endocrine bone disease According to the professional future work in selected non-specified sections (including Pediatrics, Neurology, etc) Web (you can select a Department). ? Pediatric rotation learn: awareness ...