QQ-P-35C

QQ-P-35COctober28,1988SUPERSEDINGFed.Spec.QQ-P-35BApril5,1973FEDERALSPECIFICATIONPASSIVATIONTREATMENTSFORCORROSION-RESISTANTSTEELThisspecificationwasapprovedbytheAssistantAdministratorOfficeofFederalSupplyandServices,GeneralServicesAdministration,fortheuseofallFederalAgencies.1.SCOPEANDCLASSIFICATION1.1Scope.Thisspecificationcoversthedifferenttypesofpassivationtreatmentsaswellasrecommendations,guidanceandprecautionsforcleaninganddescalingcorrosion-resistantparts,components,equipmentandsystems.1.2Purpose.Thisspecificationcoversthemethodforcleaninganddescalingofstainlesssteelpartsandoutlinesthefinalcleaningstageorpassivationtreatmentsforuseonaustenitic,ferritic,martensiticandprecipitationhardeningcorrosionresistantsteels.Engineeringdrawingsandspecificationsshouldspecifyclassificationtype(passivationtreatment)whichshouldDeusedinaccordancewith1.2.1.1.2.1Types.II-MediumtemperaturenitricacidsolutionwithsodiumdichromateadditiveVI-LowtemperaturenitricacidsolutionVII-MediumtemperaturenitricacidsolutionVIII-Mediumtemperaturehighconcentrationnitricacidsolution2.APPLICABLESPECIFICATIONSANDSTANDARDS2.1Governmentdocuments.2.1.1Specifications,standardsandhandbooks.Thefollowingspecifications,standardsandhandbooksformapartofthisdocumenttotheextentspecifiedherein.Unlessotherwisespecified,theissuesofthesedocumentsarethoselistedintheissueoftheDepartmentofDefenseIndexofSpecificationsandStandards(DoDISS)andsupplementthereto,citedinthesolicitation.AREAMFFPDISTRIBUTIONSTATEMENTA.Approvedforpublicrelease;distributionunlimited.FEDERALSPECIFICATIONSO-N-350-NitricAcid,TechnicalFEDERALSTANDARDSFED-STD-313-MaterialSafetyDataSheets,PreparationandSubmissionofO-S-595-SodiumDichromate,Dihydrate,Technical(ActivitiesoutsidetheFederalGovernmentmayobtaincopiesofFederalSpecifications,Standards,andHandbooksasoutlinedunderGeneralInformationintheIndexofFederalSpecificationsandStandardsandatthepricesindicatedintheIndex.TheIndex,whichincludescumulativemonthlysupplementsasissued,isforsaleonasubscriptionbasisbytheSuperintendentofDocuments,U.S.GovernmentPrintingOffice,Washington,DC20402.(SinglecopiesofthisspecificationandotherFederalSpecificationsrequiredbyactivitiesoutsidetheFederalGovernmentforbiddingpurposesareavailablewithoutchargefromBusinessServiceCentersattheGeneralServicesAdministrationRegionalOfficesinBoston,NewYork,Washington,DC,Atlanta,Chicago,KansasCity,MO,FortWorth,Denver,SanFrancisco,LosAngeles,andSeattle,WA.)(FederalGovernmentactivitiesmayobtaincopiesofFederalSpecifications,Standards,andHandbooksandtheIndexofFederalSpecificationsandStandardsfromestablisheddistributionpointsintheiragencies.)MILITARYSPECIFICATIONSMIL-S-5002-SurfaceTreatmentsandInorganicCoatingsforMetalSurfacesofWeaponsSystemsMIL-C-13924-Coating,Oxide,BlackforFerrousMetalsMILITARYSTANDARDSMIL-STD-105-SamplingProcedureandTablesforInspectionbyAttributesMIL-STD-753-Corrosion-ResistantSteelParts:Sampling,InspectionandTestingforSurfacePassivation.(Copiesofspecifications,standards,handbooks,drawings,publications,andotherGovernmentdocumentsrequiredbycontractorsinconnectionwithspecificacquisitionfunctionsshouldbeobtainedfromthecontractingactivityorasdirectedbythecontractingactivity.)2.2Non-Governmentpublications.Thefollowingdocumentsformapartofthisdocumenttotheextentspecifiedherein.Unlessotherwisespecified,theissuesofthedocumentswhichareDoDadoptedarethoselistedintheissueoftheDODISScitedinthesolicitation.Unlessotherwisespecified,theissuesofdocumentsnotlistedintheDODISSaretheissuesofthedocumentscitedinthesolicitation(see6.2).AMERICANSOCIETYFORTESTINGANDMATERIALS(ASTM)ASTMA380-CleaningandDescalingStainlessSteelParts,Equipment,andSystemsASTMB117-SaltSpray(Fog)TestingASTMB254-Preparationof,andElectroplatingonStainlessSteel(ApplicationforcopiesshouldbeaddressedtotheAmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterials(ASTM),1916RaceStreet,Philadelphia,PA19103.)3.REQUIREMENTS3.1Materials.Thechemicalsandreagentsusedforpassivationofcorrosion-resistantsteelpartsshallproducepassivatedsurfaceswhichmeettherequirementsofthisspecification.3.2Pretreatment.ThepretreatmentmethodsandproceduresusedpriortothepassivationtreatmentshallbeeitherinaccordancewithASTMA380orMIL-S-5002.Thesurfaceofthepartsshallbefreeofoil,grease,rust,scaleandotherforeignmatterandshallhavenodeleteriouseffectonmaterialproperties.Particularattentionshallbegiventothepretreatmentcleaningof400seriessteelstobecertainthatallsurfaceoxidation,includingrustandheattreatscale,iscompletelyremoved.Unlessotherwisespecified,cleananddescaleinaccordancewithASTMA380.Whenelectrochemicalcleaningisrequired,itshallbeperformedinaccordancewithASTM-B254.3.3Passivationtreatment.Corrosion-resistantsteelpartsshallbepassivatedbyimmersingtheminoneofthefollowingaqueoussolutions(see6.2)andmaintainingthemwithinthetemperaturerangesandtimesdescribedbelowandinTableI.Thepartsshallbecompletelyimmersedinthesolutiontoavoidsevereetchingwhichwouldotherwiseoccurabovetheliquidline.3.3.1TypeI.TypeIwithdrawn(see6.9)3.3.2TypeII.TypeIIsolutionshallcontain20-25percentbyvolumeofnitricacidinaccordancewith0-N-350and2.5±0.5percentbyweightofsodiumdichromateinaccordancewith0-S-595.Partsshallbeprocessedfor20minutesatatemperaturerangebetween120-130°F(49°-54°C).3.3.2.1Forpartsmadeofhighcarbon/highchromiumgrades(440series),straightchromiumgradeswith12-14%chromium(martensitic400series),orforcorrosion-resistantsteelscontainingrelativelylargeamounts(0.15percent)ofsulfurorselenium(forexample303,3035e,347Se,416,416Se,430F,430FSeandprecipitationhardenablesteels),typeIIsolutionshallbeused(see6.2and6.3).3.3.3TypeIII.TypeIIIwithdrawn(see6.9).3.3.4TypeIV.TypeIVwithdrawn(see6.9).3.3.5TypeV.TypeVwithdrawn(see6.9).3.3.6TypeVI.TypeVIsolutionshallcontain25-45percentbyvolumeofnitricacid(HN03)inaccordancewithO-N-350.Partsshallbeprocessedfor30minutesatatemperaturerangebetween70-90°F(21-32°C).3.3.6.1TypeVIsolutioncanbeusedtoprocessaustenitic200and300serieschromiumnickelandchromiumgradeswith17%chromiumorgreater(withexceptionofthe440series)corrosion-resistantsteels.3.3.7TypeVIITypeVIIsolutionshallcontain20-25percentbyvolumeofnitricacid(HN03)inaccordancewithO-N-350.Partsshallbeprocessedfor20minutesatatemperaturerangebetween120-140°F(49-60°C).3.3.7.1TypeVIIsolutioncanbeusedtoprocesspartsmadeofthefollowingcorrosion-resistantsteels:austenitic200and300serieschromium-nickel,chromiumgradeswith17%chromiumorgreater(except440series)(seesections6.2and6.3).3.3.8TypeVIII.TypeVIIIsolutionshallcontain45-55percentbyvolumeofnitricacidinaccordancewithO-N-350.Partsshallbeprocessedfor30minutesatatemperaturerangebetween120-130°F(49-54°C).3.3.8.1TypeVIIIsolutioncanbeusedforpartsmadefromhighcarbonandhighchromiumgrades(400series)andprecipitation-hardeningstainlesssteels.TABLEI.Passivationtreatments. Type Temperature Time,minimum(minutes)(1) %(bywt.)SodiumDichromate %(byvol.)NitricAcid I       Withdrawn II 120-130°F(49-54°C) 20 2-2.5 20-25 III       Withdrawn IV       Withdrawn V       Withdrawn VI 70-90°F(21-32°C) 30 none 25-45 VII 120-150°F(49-60°C) 20 none 20-25 VIII 120-130°F(49-54°C) 30 none 45-55 (1)Caution:Caremustbeexercisedasexcessivetimemaydamagethepart.3.4Waterrinse.Immediatelyafterremovalfromthepassivatingsolutionthepartsshallbethoroughlyrinsed;finalrinseiscarriedoutincleanwater(see6.4).3.5Chromatetreatment.Whenspecifiedandwithinonehourafterthefinalwaterrinse(3.4),allferriticandmartensiticsteelpartsshallbeimmersedinanaqueoussolutioncontaining4to6percentbyweightofsodiumdichromateinaccordancewithO-S-595,atatemperatureof140°to160°F(60-71°C)foraperiodof30minutes(see6.1.1).Thisimmersionshallbefollowedbyarinseincleanwater(see6.4).Thepartsshallthenbethoroughlydried.3.6Finish.Thepassivatedpartsshallexhibitachemicallycleansurfaceandshallshownoetching,pittingorfrostingwhenexamined.Aslightdiscolorationwillbeallowed(see4.3and6.5).3.7Staining.3.7.1Waterimmersionorhighhumiditytests.Thepassivatedpartsshallnotexhibitstainingattributabletothepresenceoffreeironparticlesimbeddedinthesurfacewhensubjectedtothewaterimmersiontestorthehighhumiditytest(see4.4.1).3.7.2Saltsprayorcoppersulfatetests.Thesaltsrpaytestorthecoppersulfatetestmaybespecifiedinadditiontoorinlieuofeitherthewaterimmersiontestorthehighhumiditytest.Whenthesaltspraytestisspecified,thepassivatedsurfaceshallbecapableofwithstandingsaltsprayexposurewithoutevidenceofrustorstaining(see4.4.2,6.11).3.7.2.1Coppersulfatetest.Whentestingaustenitic300serieschromiumnickelsteels,itispermisslbletousethecoppersulfatetestasasubstituteforthesaltspraytest.Thesurfaceoftheresultantpassivatedpartsshallnotexhibitcopperdeposits(see4.4.1,4.4.2,4.4.2.2).3.8Workmanship.Thepassivatedpartsshallbefreeofironcontaminationandotherforeignmaterialswhichcouldadverselyaffectthesuitability,useorlifeofthepassivatedpart(see4.3,6.13).3.9Solutionanalysis.Theprocessorshallmaintainarecordofthecontrolproceduresusedoneachoftheprocessingsolutionsusedinthesepassivationtreatments.Solutionsshallbeanalyzedtoverifythattheconcentrationsofnitricacidandsodiumdichromatemeetthespecifiedrequirements.Analysesshallbescheduledatintervalswhichwilldemonstrateoptimumpassivationperformance.Frequencyofanalyseswillbedeterminedbythecontractor'sprocessingequipment(tankvolume),theworkloadandthetimedifferentialbetweentreatments.chemicalrecordshallbemaintainedonallcontrolanalysespecformed,additionsmadeortreatmentsadministeredtotheprocessingsolution.Uponrequestoftheacquisitionactivity,suchrecords,includingreportsoftestresults,shallbemadeavailable(see4.5and6.2).3.9.1Thecontractorshallberesponsibleforthesafereutilizationanddisposalofallmaterialgeneratedbythisprocess(see4.7,6.12and6.13).4.QUALITYASSURANCEPROVISIONS4.1Responsibilityforinspection.Unlessotherwisespecifiedinthecontractorpurchaseorder,thecontractorisresponsiblefortheperformanceofallinspectionrequirements(examinationsandtests)asspecifiedherein.Exceptasotherwisespecifiedinthecontractorpurchaseorder,thecontractormayusehisownoranyotherfacilitiessuitablefortheperformanceoftheinspectionrequirementsspecifiedherein,unlessdisapprovedbytheGovernment.TheGovernmentreservestherighttoperformanyoftheinspectionssetforthinthisspecificationwheresuchinspectionsaredeemednecessarytoensuresuppliesandservicesconformtoprescribedrequirements.4.2Inspectionprovisions.4.2.1Lot.Alotshallconsistofpassivatedpartsofsimilaralloyandmanufacturingmethodsthatarepretreatedandpassivatedinoneday’sproductionorwithinatimeframewhichwillensureconsistentpassivationresults.Alotshallconsistofthesameproductofonesizefromoneheatinoneshipment.Whenthequantityofpassivatedpartsinoneday’sproductiondoesnotwarrantdailytesting,thelotsizeshallbeasagreeduponbytheprocuringactivityandthecontractor(see6.2).4.2.2Sampling.4.2.2.1Samplingforvisualexamination.SamplesshallbetakenatrandomfromeachlotinaccordancewithMIL-STD-105,InspectionLevelS-4.TheAcceptableQualityLevel(AQL)shallbe1.0percentdefective.4.2.2.2Samplingforothertests.SamplesshallbetakenatrandomfromeachlotinaccordancewithMIL-STD-105,InspectionLevel8-3.TheAQLshallbe1.0percentdefective.Identicallyprocessedspecimens,madefromthesamematerialusedtofabricatetheparts,maybeusedfortestpurposesinlieuoflargeparts(see6.6.).Whenauthorizedforuse,thetestspecimensshallberandomlydistributedthroughoutthelotduringprocessing.Whenmultipletestsaretobeperformed,separatesamplesarerequiredforeachtest.4.3Visualexamination.Samplesselectedinaccordancewith4.2.2.1shallbevisuallyexaminedforetching,pittingorfrosting(3.b),andworkmanship(3.8).4.4Testmethods.Thefollowingtestsareutilizedtoevaluatetheeffectivenessofthepassivationtreatment.Unlessotherwisespecified,martensiticgrade440Cshallbeexemptfromthesetests(see6.10).4.4.1Waterimmersionandhighhumiditytests.Samplesselectedinaccordancewith4.2.2.2shallbesubjectedtoeitherawaterimmersiontestorahighhumiditytesttodetermineconformancewith3.7.1.4.4.1.1Waterimmersiontest.ThewaterimmersiontestshallbeconductedinaccordancewithMethod100ofMIL-STD-753.4.4.1.2Highhumiditytest.Thehighhumiditytestshallbeconductedasfollows:a.Partsshallbecleanedbyimmersingtheminacetoneormethylalcohol,thenswabbingthemwithcleangauzesaturatedwithacetoneormethylalcoholanddryinginaninertatmosphereordesiccatedcontainer.b.Thecleanedanddriedpartsshallbesubjectedto95-100percenthumidityat100°-115°F-(38-46°C)inasuitablehumiditycabinetfor24-26hours.4.4.2Saltsprayandcoppersulfatetests.Thesaltspraytestmaybespecifiedinadditiontoorinlieuofeitherthewaterimmersiontestorthehighhumiditytest.Whensuchatestisspecified,samplesshallbeselectedinaccordancewith4.2.2.2andshallconformto3.7.2and3.7.2.1(see6.11).4.4.2.1Saltspraytest.ThesaltspraytestshallbeconductedinaccordancewithASTMBl17foraminimumof2hoursusinga5percentsaltsolution.4.4.2.2Coppersulfatetest.Thecoppersulfatetestshallbeconductedinaccordancewithmethod102ofMIL-STD-753.4.5Certificateofanalysis.Whenspecified(see6.2),acertificateofthequantitativeanalysis(3.9)ofthepassivatingsolutionshallbefurnishedthecontractingofficer.4.6Rejectionandretest.Anylotfailingtomeettherequirementsspecifiedhereinshallberejected.Arejectedlotmayberesubmittedforinspectionprovidedthatthedefectivepartshavebeenre-pretreatedper3.2,asnecessary,re-passivatedandre-tested.Re-passivatedlotsshallbesubjectedtotightenedinspectioninaccordancewithMIL-STD-105.4.7Reuseanddisposaloftreatmentsolutions.ThereutilizationanddisposalofallmaterialsgeneratedbythisprocessshallbeinaccordancewithASTMA380,sections8.2and8.7.Alsosee6.12,6.13foradditionalinformation.5.PREPARATIONFORDELIVERY(Thissectionisnotapplicabletothisspecification.)6.NOTES(Thissectioncontainsinformationofageneralorexplanatorynaturethatmaybehelpful,butisnotmandatory.)6.1Intendeduse.Thepassivationtreatmentsprovidedbythisspecificationareintendedtoimprovethecorrosionresistanceofpartsmadefromaustenitic,ferriticandmartensiticcorrosion-resistantsteelsofthe200,300and400seriesandprecipitationhardenedcorrosion-resistantsteels.Highcarbon,highchromiummartensitic440Cgradeswhichareselectedforhighhardnessandresistancemaybeexemptfrompassivationtreatmentsatthediscretionoftheprocuringactivity.6.1.1Duringprocessingoperationssuchasforming,machining,tumblingandlapping,ironparticlesorotherforeignparticlesmaybecomesmearedoverorimbeddedintothesurfaceofcorrosion-resistantsteelparts.Theseparticlesmustberemovedortheywillappearasrustorstainspots.Thisconditionmaybepreventedbyimmersingthepartsinasolutionofnitricacidandsodiumdichromate,whichwilldissolvetheparticlesandallowathin,transparentpassivefilmtoformovertherestoredsurface.Partswithnewlyformedpassivefilmsshouldbehandledaslittleaspossibleinthe24hoursperiodfollowingthistreatment.6.1.2Thisspecificationisnotintendedforblackoxidecoatingofpartstobeusedforphotographicandopticalinstruments;forsuchapplicationsrefertoMIL-C-13924.6.2Orderingdata.Purchasersshouldselectthepreferredoptionspermittedhereinandincludethefollowinginformationinprocurementdocuments:(a)Title,numberanddateofthisspecification.(b)Nomenclatureandgradeofcorrosion-resistantmaterialofparts.(c)Typeofpassivationtreatment(1.2.1.3.3).(d)Lotsize,ifotherthanoneday'sproduction(4.2.1).(e)Whenquantitativeanalysiscertificateisrequired(3.9,4.5).6.3Gradesofsteel.Austenitic,ferriticormartensitictypesofsteelsareselectedonabasisofpropertiesrequired(corrosionresistanceanddesigncriteria)andfabricationrequirements.TableIIisacompilationwhichservesasaguideforsomesteelgradesandtheirrecommendedpassivationtreatment.TABLEII.Recommendedpasivationrequirementsfordifferentsteelalloys.SteelGradesareindicatedbyUnifiedNumberingSystemNumbers(NumbersinparenthesesareAISI,AMS,orASTM) TypeofAlloy SolutionTypes II VI VII VIII PrecipnHdng K66286(A286)     K66286(A286) PrecipnHdng S13800(13-8Mo)     S13800(13-8Mo) PrecipnHdng S15500(15-5)     S15500(15-5) PrecipnHdng S15700(15-7Mo)     S15700(15-7Mo) PrecipnHdng S17400(17-4)     S17400(17-4) PrecipnHdng S17700(17-7)     S17700(17-7) Austenitic   S20100(201) S20100(201)   Austenitic   S202100(202) S20200(202)   Austenitic   S30100(301) S30100(301)   Austenitic   S30200(302) S30200(302)   FreeMachine S30300(303)       FreeMachine S30323(303Se)       FreeMachine S30310(303X)       FreeMachine S30330(303Cu)       FreeMachine S30345(303MA)       FreeMachine S30360(303Pb)       Austenitic   S30400(304) S30400(304)   Austenitic   S30403(304L) S30403(304L)   Austenitic   S30409(304H)   S30409(304H) Austenitic   S30430(XM-7) S30430(XM-7)   Austenitic   S30451(304N) S30451(304N)   Austenitic   S30500(305) S30500(305)   Austenitic   S30800(308) S30800(308)   Austenitic   S30900(309) S30900(309)   Austenitic   S30908(309S) S30908(309S)   Austenitic   S30940(309Cb) S30940(309Cb)   Austenitic   S31000(310) S31000(310)   Austenitic   S31008(310S) S31008(310S)   Austenitic   S31100(311) S31100(311)   Austenitic   S31400(314) S31400(314)   Austenitic   S31500(315) S31500(315)   Austenitic   S31600(316) S31600(316)   Austenitic   S31603(316L) S31603(316L)   Austenitic   S31609(316H)   S31609(316H) Austenitic   S32100(321) S32100(321)   Austenitic   S32109(321H)   S31621(321H) Austenitic   S32900(329) S32900(329)   Austenitic   S34700(347) S34700(347)   Austenitic   S34709(347H)   S34709(347H) FreeMachine S34720(347S)       FreeMachine S347230(347Se)       PrecipnHdng S35000(AM350)     S35000(AM350) PrecipnHdng S35500(AM355)     S35500(AM355) PrecipnHdng S36200(Almar362)     S36200(Almar362) Martensitic S40300(403)     S40300(403) Ferritic S40500(405)     S40500(405) Ferritic S40900(409)     S40900(409) Martensitic S41000(410)     S41000(410) Martensitic S41400(414)     S41400(414) Martensitic S41600(416)       Martensitic S41623(416Se)       Martensitic S42000(420)       Ferritic S42900(429)   S42900(429) S42900(429) Ferritic     S43000(430)   FreeMachine S43020(430F)       FreeMachine S43023(430FSe)       Martensitic S43100(431)     S43100(431) Ferritic S43400(434)   S43400(434)   Ferritic S43600(436)   S43600(436)   Martensitic S44002(440A)     S44002(440A) Martensitic S44003(440B)     S44003(440B) Martensitic S44004(440C)     S44004(440C) FreeMachine S44020(440F)       FreeMachine S44023(440FSe)       Ferritic S44200(442)   S44200(442)   Ferritic     S44600(446)   Ferritic S44625(XM-27)   S44625(XM-27)  6.4Cleanwater.Cleanwaterisdefinedaswatercontainingamaximumtotalsolidcontentof200ppm.Rinsingcanbeaccomplishedbyacombinationofstagnant,countercurrentand/orsprayriIlsespriortofinalrinse.6.5Chemicallycleansurface.Achemicallycleansurfaceisdefinedasasurfaceuponwhichwater,whenappliedmomentarilytothesurface,willremainonthatsurfaceinaneven,continuousfilm,andinadditionisfreeofanyforeignmaterialorresidualfilmdepositwhichwouldbedetrimentaltothequalityofthepart.6.6Testspecimens.Whenusingtestspecimensinlieuofparts!theycanonlyeffectivelyrepresentthepartsiftheyhavebeenexposedtothesameprocessingsteps,suchasmachining,grinding,heattreating,welding,etc,asthepartstheyaretorepresent.6.7Carburizedsurfaces.Stainlesssteelpartswithcarburizedsurfacescannotbepassivatedbecausethecarboncombineswiththechromiumformingchromiumcarbidesonthesurface.6.8Nitridedstainlesssteel.Nitridedstainlesssteelshouldnotbepassivatedbecausethetreatmentwillseverelycorrodethenitridedcase.Note:Ifpassivationisrequireditmustbeperformedpriortothisspecialtreatment.6.9Crossreferenceofclassificationtypes.RevisionBtoQQ-P-35referencessixtypesoftreatmentsolutionsforpassivatio