2020年英语专四真题及答案解析汇总

2013年英语专四真题及 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 解析--汇总【2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--听写部分参考答案】　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Whatisadreamfor?　　Onetheoryisthatwedreamtoreleasethedeep,secretdesires.Wedonotexpressthesedesiresinreallifebecauseoftherulesofpolitesociety.Anothertheoryisthatdreamsallowustosolveproblemsthatwecan'tsolveinreallife.Wegotosleepwithaproblemandwakeupwiththesolution.Thismaybeawaytouseourdreamsratherthanapurposeofdreaming.Ifyoubelievethatyourdreamsareimportant,thenanalyzingthemmayhelpyoutofocusontheproblemandhelpyoutofindthesolution.Themodernimageisthatdreamsarethebrain'swayofcleaningupthecomputer’sharddisk.Dreamsorganizetheeventsofthedayintofoldersanddeletewhatisnotneeded.Butweallknowthatverylittleofwhatwedreamisconcernedwithwhathappenedtousthatday.【2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--语法部分】51.Facingtheboardofdirectors,hedidn’tdeny__________breakingtheagreement.A.him　　　　B.it　　　　C.his　　　　D.its解析：本题考查动名词的逻辑主语。动名词可以有自己的逻辑（意义）主语，一般可以用名词所有格Tom's，代词宾格如him（口语）， 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 面语情况下一般用物主代词his，their。本题选C，但我还是要吐槽，因为根本就不需要多此一举添加his,hedidn'tdenybreakingtheagreement完全正确，比原题要精简地道许多，从写作角度来看，his根本是多余的，当然纯粹考察语法的话选C。52.Xinchunreturnedfromabroadadifferentman.Theitalicizedpartfunctionsasa(n)_______.A.appositive(同位语)　B.object　C.adverbial　D.complement.解析：此题恐怕是最受争议的题目了，有人认为选A，有人认为选D。根据EnglishGrammar:AUniversityCourse一书，“TheSubjectComplement(主语补足语)istheobligatoryconstituentwhichfollowsacopularverb(系动词)andwhichcannotbemadesubjectinapassiveclause:比如Who’sthere?It’sme/It’sI.Shebecameatennischampionataveryearlyage.Feelfreetoaskquestions!”一般语法书也是这么说的，有的书上把这种情况下接的名词叫做predicatenoun/nominative,接的形容词叫做predicateadjective。该书接着说“Aswellasbeandseem,awiderangeofverbscanbeusedtolinkthesubjecttoitsComplement;theseaddmeaningsoftransition(become,get,go,grow,turn)andofperception(sound,smell,look)amongothers,”比如Iknowitsoundsstupid.Thesituationbecomesevenworse.这些一般语法书也会提到，但是题目里的都不是这种现象，很多语法书对主语补语的介绍也就到此为止。好在这本书多介绍了一点，但情况很微妙。此书又说Moreproblematicistheconstituentfollowingotherverbsthatcouldbeusedintransitivelywiththesamemeaning,asin:SaintEthelbertwasbornaSaxonprincess.(shewasborn)Hereturnedabrokenman.(hereturned)Hediedyoung.(hedied)WeshallconsidersuchconstituentsasComplementsonthestrengthofthepossibleparaphrasecontainingbe(Whenhereturnedhewasabrokenman;Whenhediedhewasyoung).这部分恰好就是本题所代表的类型，但是从该书作者表述来看，他们也承认这样的句子很不一般，不太容易轻易判定是否为主语补语，在本书里，作者认为可以看作是主语补语，因为大概可以改写成含有系动词be的句子，但作者的措辞显然没有那么肯定，有待商榷的意思。据此，本题可以选D，是主语补足语。53.Whichofthefollowingisacompoundword(复合词)?A.Nonsmoker　　　B.Deadline　　C.Meanness　　　　D.Misfit解析：首先要知道什么是复合词。Acompoundisawordthatconsistsofmorethanonefreemorpheme。所谓morpheme词素是最小的音义结合体，其最大的特点是不能再被分割为更小的音义结合体。而freemorpheme是指能独立存在使用的词素，boundmorpheme则是必须依附于其他单位的词素，比如前缀后缀属于boundmorpheme，如pre-，-ment，在单词shipment里，ship就是freemorpheme，-ment则是bound。因此四个选项里只有deadline是由两个freemorpheme构成（dead+line），其他三个都有Boundmorpheme比如non,ness,mis-等。54.Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainssubjunctivemood?A.Lucyinsistedthathersongethomebefore5o'clock.B.Sheusedtodrivetowork,butnowshetakesthecitymetro.C.Walkstraightahead,anddon'tturntillthesecondtrafficlights.D.PaulwillcancelhisflightifhecannotgethisvisabyFriday.解析:subjunctivemood是指虚拟语气，四个选项里只有A的insist属于虚拟语气用法，其中that从句里省略了should。55.Thefollowingdeterminers(限定词)canbeusedwithbothpluralanduncountablenounsEXCEPT__________.A.more　　　　B.enough　　　　C.many　　　　D.such解析：限定词的用法是近几年专四的热门考点，诸如some，many，both，all，each等用法究竟如何还是希望大家多翻阅语法书和词典。这道题看似有点难度，也许你从来不知道哪个限定词可以接名词复数和不可数名词，但好在备选项里每个单词你都可以去接名词试试就知道了，比如moremoney,moretrees;enoughmoney,enoughtrees;manymoney?,manytrees;suchbigtrees,suchbehavior.所以选C。56.解析：首先要明白and不一定表示并列。A，C里的and表示先后；D里的and表示递进；只有B里的and表示对比。56.WhichoftheitalicizedpartsindicatesCONTRAST?A.Sheopenedthedoorandquietlywentin.B.VictorialikesmusicandSamisfondofsports.C.Thinkitoveragainandyou'llgetananswer.D.Heissomewhatarrogant,andIdon'tlikethis.57.WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbeusedasanominalsubstitute(名词替代词)?　　A.Much　　　　B.Neither　　　　C.One　　　　D.Quarter解析：估计不少学生看到名词替代词这个术语，一开始都吓着了，因为压根没听说过，不过对做这道题目倒无大碍，所谓名词替代词顾名思义就是指能代替名词或名词短语，避免重复的词，英语里one,ones,(the)same等都是常见的。比如Therearegoodfilmsaswellasbadones.除此以外还有thekind,thesort，比如Slangdisappearsquickly,especiallythejuvenilesort.还有一些不定代词等比如all,both,some,anyenough,several,none,many,much,(a)few,(a)little,theother,others,another,either,neither等，比如Canyougetmesomenails?Ineedsome.Idon’twantanymorefood.I’vehadenough.本题选D,quarter不是名词替代词。58.AllthefollowingsentencesdefinitelyindicatefuturetimeEXCEPT__.A.MotheristohaveteawithAuntBettyatfour.B.ThePresidentiscomingtotheUNnextweek,C.Theschoolpupilswillbehomebynow.D.Heisgoingtoemailmethenecessaryinformation.解析：这道题目有点意思，既考查时态，又考查will的用法，A/B/D都是将来时的各种表达，唯独C的will，看似是将来时标志，其实不然，因为和bynow矛盾，这里will的用法是指youthinksomethingistrue，表说话人自己的看法，比如ThatwillbeTimcominghomenow;Askanyoneandtheywilltellyouthesamething.本题选C。59.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallyINCORRECT?A.Politicsaretheartorscienceofgovernment.B.Tenmilesseemslikealongwalktome.C.Mumpsisakindofinfectiousdisease.D.Allthefurniturehasarrivedundamaged.解析：本题考查主谓一致（agreement/concord）。tenmiles看作整体单数，mumps腮腺炎这个单词就是以s结尾的，不可数名词；furniture在英语里是不可数名词；A里的politics并不是指政治，而是指政治学(politicalscience)，是不可数名词，但这个用法主要是英式英语。此外，politics表示政治可以看作不可数名词，也可以看作复数，比如Politicshavealwaysinterestedme.本题选A。60.Whichofinthefollowingphrasesindicatesasubject-predicaterelationship?A.Thearrivalofthetourists　　　　B.ThelawofNewtonC.Theoccupationoftheisland　　　　D.TheplaysofOscarWilde解析：章振邦的书拿到手后果然发现了他的讲解，基本就是原句。第五版的55页，名词属格和of-词组一节说：名词属格和of-词组在意义和用法上有许多相同之处，比如thetrunkofanelephant=anelephant'strunk，表示主谓关系有thearrivaloftheprimeminister;表示动宾关系theoccupationoftheIsland;表来源thelawofNewton。因此据此本题选A。但我要吐槽的是先不说我手上其他参考书根本没有讲到，就这种主谓关系，动宾关系的说法我就不太同意，因为所谓词组的主谓关系和动宾关系是 汉语语法 现代汉语语法研究试题古汉语语法免费古汉语语法免费汉语语法学汉语语法基础 里的说法，英语里说主谓自然指的是句子，一个名词短语何来主谓之说？61.Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsservesasanappositive?A.Heisnotthemantodrawback.B.Tonyhitbacktheurgetotellalie.C.Larryhasalargefamilytosupport.D.Thereisreallynothingtofear.解析：又是同位语？！四个选项的用法在大部分语法书里并没有做进一步区分，都成为不定式的定语用法，修饰名词。不过章振邦的书里又出现了这个，又是原句作为选项出现，章指出不定式作为名词的后置修饰语时，不定式和名词之间的搭配关系是主谓A中的themandrawback，也可以是C和D的动宾tofearnothing,tosupportfamily；有时候也是同为关系,比如urge(冲动)的内容就是指totellalie撒谎，故为同位语。我不得不吐槽，章很喜欢分析任何语法单位的结构，他在教师用书的第一部分也说本书语法体系是要贯彻层次分析法。62.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanimperativesentence?A.Letmedriveyouhome,shallI?　　B.Youwillmindyourownbusiness.C.Comeandhavedinnerwithus.　　　D.Iwishyoucouldstaybehind.解析：花了点时间翻遍手头各类语法和用法图书，除了直接用动词打头，Do/Don't，You/其他唤名+动词,let类型外，均没有见到D的wish类型。说明：似乎只有章振邦的书上在情态动词will一节提到B的属于加强祈使句。我个人对此表示质疑。更常见的应该是Youmindyourownbusiness。如果说Youwillmindyourownbusiness是祈使句，那么Youwillseehimnow岂不是也是祈使句？这显然说不通。其实Youwillmindyourownbusiness要有祈使句功能，还跟语气语调有很大关系，应该念成YouWILLmindyourownbusiness!而不是YOUwillmindyourownbusiness.出题人不严谨，死扣语法书，可见一斑。63.Ifit_______tomorrow,thematchwouldbeputoff.A.weretorain　B.wastorain　C.wasraining　D.hadrained解析：最经典的If条件虚拟句，说的是将来，应该选A.64.Whichofthefollowingsentencesexpressesafact?A.Maryandhersonmustbehomebynow.B.Carelessreadingmustgivepoorresults.C.It’sgettinglate,andImustleavenow.D.Hemustbeworkinglateattheoffice.解析：目前来看又要有争议。很多人认为是B，而我之前说C，尽管C里的must是表示主观必须（C只有前半句是fact，后半句谈不上什么事实）。问题在于如何理解B的must。在EnglishGrammar:AUniversityCourse一书里有一节谈到must的logicalnecessity用法问题，作者说在英式英语里有用must表示逻辑上的必定如此，尽管美国人更喜欢用haveto。比如IfJaneisPat'ssisterandJillisJane'sdaughter,PatmustbeJill'saunt.此时PatmustbeJill'saunt就相当于不用情态动词的陈述句PatisJill'saunt.如此极端的例子才能说明这是逻辑上的必然，但我实在看不出选项B里一个没有语境的句子是如何有逻辑上的必然，我个人觉得Carelessreadingmustgivepoorresults.和Carelessreadinggivespoorresults.还是不一样的。B句是章振邦那本书里的原句，章自己也说“用must表示必然，也是一种推测或推断，其口气最为肯定，一般用于肯定陈述句”由此来看，再如何肯定那也是一种推断，不是fact。65.Thefollowingarealldynamicverbs(动态动词)EXCEPT__________.A.remain　　　　B.turn　　　　C.write　　　　D.knock解析：看到专四考这个题目，我只能呵呵。动态动词是指能够延续持续动作的，比如hit，run等，相反的则是StativeVerb静态动词，比如know.现在进行时是常见检验手段。你不能说Iamknowingtheanswer，只能说Iknowtheanswer，因此know是静态动词。同理，题目的A选项remain也是静态动词，其他都是动态动词。【2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--词汇部分】66.__________toschoollifewaslessdifficultthanthepupilhadexpected.　　A.Adhering　　B.Adopting　　C.Adjusting　　　D.Acquainting解析：这题没啥好说的，适应学校生活adjusttoschoollife，选C。67.Heisfedupwiththesameolddrearyroutine,andwantstoquithisjob.Theunderlinedpartmeans__________.　　A.dull　　　　B.boring　　　　C.long　　　　D.hard解析：dreary指dull，选A。但有词典指出boring也是近义词，外教也表示AB均可。所以B也是对的，我估计出题人是选A。68.Atlastnight’spartyLarrysaidsomethingthatIthoughwasbeyondme.Theunderlinedpartmeans__________.A.IwasunabletodoB.Icouldn’tunderstandC.IwasunabletostopD.Icouldn’ttolerate解析：bebeyondsomebody指tobetoodifficultforsomeonetounderstand.故选B。69.Thecouple__________theiroldhouseandsolditforavastprofit.　　A.didfor　　　　B.didin　　　　C.didwith　　　　D.didup解析：选D。doup这里指torepairanoldbuildingorcar,ortoimproveitsappearance。此外doup还可以指fastensomething，比如Doyourlacesupbeforeyoutripover.70.Sallycontributedalottotheproject,butsheneveronceacceptedallthe__________forherself.　　A.credit　　　　B.attention　　　　C.focus　　　　D.award解析：选A。这里的credit指approvalorpraisethatyougivetosomeoneforsomethingtheyhavedone.常见搭配有givecredit;take/claim/deservecredit。71.Thechildnodded,apparentlycontentwithhismother’spromise.Theunderlinedpartmeans__________.　　A.asfarasonehaslearnt　　　B.asfarasoneisconcerned　　C.asfarasonecansee　　　　D.asfarasoneistold解析：首先ABCD的释义都是指apparently的意思，具体语境有具体不同的释义，在我们这个句子里，指accordingtothewaysomeonelooksorasituationappears,althoughyoucannotbesure.因此选C。换一个句子比如Iwasn’tthere,butapparentlythethiefgotaway.这里的apparently就指A或D。72.The__________thatsportbuildscharacteriswellacceptedbypeoplenowadays.　　A.issue　　　　B.argument　　　　C.point　　　　D.sentence解析：选B。这里的argument指asetofreasonsthatshowsomethingistrueoruntrue,rightorwrong。相当于汉语说的主张论点。很多人选C，point的确有这个意思，也可以接同位语从句，搭配上习惯是说takethe/sb’spoint.不过，我询问过外教，他是觉得argument更好，只是point也没什么不对。73.EveryoneintheofficeknowsthatMelindatakesinfinitecareoverherwork.Theunderlinedpartmeans__________.　　A.limited　　　　B.unnecessary　C.overdue　　　　D.much解析：infinite是finite的反义词，这里指verygreat/hugeinamountordegree，因此选D。74.Thenewmeasurewillreducethechanceofseriousinjuryintheeventofanaccident.Theunderlinedpartmeans__________.　　A.ifanaccidenthappens　　　B.ifanaccidentcanbeprevented　　C.beforeanaccident　　　　　D.duringanaccident解析：选A。intheeventofsomethingisusedtotellpeoplewhattheyshoulddoifsomethinghappens.75.Traditionally,localmidwiveswould__________allthebabiesinthearea.　　A.handle　　　　B.produce　　　　C.deliver　　　　D.help解析：midwife是指产婆，接生员。所以选C，deliver可以指接生(孩子)，或者生孩子。76.Nofoodordrinkisallowedonthepremises.Theunderlinedpartmeans__________.　　A.proposition　　　B.advertisement　　　C.building　　　D.string解析：选C。以复数形式出现的premises指thebuildingsandlandthatashop,restaurant,companyetcuses.77.Thecourtwouldnotaccepthisappealunless__________evidenceisprovided.　　A.conclusive　　　B.definite　　　C.eventual　　　D.concluding解析：选A。首先appeal是指上诉。Conclusive指showingsomethingisdefinitelytrue，比如conclusiveproof/evidence/findings。旁证是circumstantialevidence.78.Assoonasheopenedthedoor,a__________ofcoldairsweptthroughthehouse.　　A.flow　　　　B.movement　　　　C.rush　　　　D.blast解析：个人认为选D。又见量化问题，一阵/股冷风袭来该如何用英语说。首先句子里动词用了sweep，指tomovesuddenlyand/orwithforceoveranareaorinaparticulardirection.而blast指asuddenstrongmovementofair。但问题在于C。词典里rush其实可以指asuddenfastmovementofair,外教的回答是blastisbetterhereandiswhatnativespeakerswouldprefer.而Flow往往接的是水流电流等，而且指asmoothandsteadymovement.79.Shereallywantedtosaysomethingatthemeeting,buteventually__________fromit.　　A.prevented　　　B.refrained　　　C.limited　　　D.restricted解析：refrainfromsth/doingsth指tonotdosomethingyouwanttodo，主要用于书面语。80.Thecoupletoldthedecoratorthattheywantedtheirbedroomgailypainted.Theunderlinedpartmeans__________.　　A.brightly　　　B.light-heartedly　　　C.cheerfully　　　D.lightly解析：先聊聊gaily这个单词的来源吧。这个单词虽然是ly结尾却是形容词，是有gay+ly变来的。而gay在很早的时候是指人happy,merry,cheerful，或者颜色bright,attractive，这个用法现代英语已经抛弃，请大家不要乱用。所谓gailypainted/colored/decorated指havingbrightcheerfulcolors.所以选A。【2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--完形填空原文（真题暂缺，加粗部分为原空）】Everyoneknowsthattaxationisnecessaryinamodernstate:Withoutit,itwouldnotbepossibletopaythesoldiersandpolicemenwhoprotectus；northeworkersingovernmentofficeswholookafterourhealth,ourfood,ourwater,andalltheotherthingsthatwecannotdoforourselves；northeministersandmembersofparliament(国会)whogovernthecountryforus.Bymeansoftaxation,wepayforthingsthatweneedjustasmuchasweneedsomewheretoliveandsomethingtoeat.　　Buteveryoneknowsthattaxationisnecessary,differentpeoplehavedifferentideasabouthowtaxationshouldbearranged.Shouldeachpersonhavetopayacertainamountofmoneytothegovernmenteachyear?Orshouldtherebetaxonthingsthatpeoplebuyandsell?Ifthefirstkindoftaxationisused,shouldeveryonepaythesametax,whetherheisrichorpoor?Ifthesecondkindoftaxispreferred,shouldeverythingbetaxedequally?　　Inmostcountries,adirecttaxonpersons,whichiscalledincometax,exists.Itisarrangedinsuchawaythatthepoorestpeoplepaynothing,andthepercentageoftaxgrowsgreaterasthetaxpayer’sincomegrows.InEngland,forexample,thetaxontherichestpeoplegoesupashighasninety-fivepercent!　　Butcountrieswithdirecttaxationnearlyalwayshaveindirecttaxationtoo.Manythingsimportedintothecountryhavetopaytaxesor"duties".Ofcourse,itisthemenandwomenwhobuytheseimportedthingsintheshopswhoreallyhavetopaytheduties,intheformofhigherprices.Insomecountries,too,thereisataxonthingssoldintheshops.Ifthemostnecessarythingsaretaxed,alotofmoneyiscollected,butthepoorpeoplesuffermost.Ifunnecessarythingslikejewelsandfurcoatsaretaxed,lessmoneyisgotbutthetaxisfairer,astherichpayit.　　Probablythislastkindofindirecttax,togetherwithadirecttaxonincomeswhichislowforthepoorandhighfortherich,isthebestarrangement.【2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--写作部分】SECTIONA　COMPOSITION　　Mostofus,asstudents,arecarefulwithourmoneyindailylife:wecollectallkindsofcoupons(优惠券);welookforgroup-buydealsifweeatoutortravel;wedon'tbuyclothesunlessinasale.However,somepeoplethinkthatallthismaynotmakeussmartconsumers.Whatisyouropinion?WriteonANSWERSHEETTHREEacompositionofabout200words.　　Youaretowriteinthreeparts.　　Inthefirstpart,statespecificallywhatyourviewis.　　Inthesecondpart,provideoneortworeasonsoryourexperience(s)tosupportyouropinion.　　Inthelastpart,bringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionorasummary.　　Youshouldsupplyanappropriatetittleforyourcomposition.　　Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.SECTIONB　NOTE-WRITING　　WriteonANSWERSHEETTHREEanoteofabout50—60wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation:　　Yourformerhigh-schoolclassmate(MatheworGrace)iscomingtovisityouinthedorm.But,youhavegotsomethingurgenttodoandthuscannotwaitforhim/herthere.Leaveanoteonthedoor,expressingyourapologyandtellinghim/herhowtofindyou.Youmustmakeclearwhereyouareinthenote.　　Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.【参考范文】SECTIONA　　　　　　Theadvantagesofbeingcarefulwithmoneyindailylife　　Nowadays,thereisahotdebateonwhetherpeople,includingstudentsshouldbecarefulwiththeirmoneyintheirdailylifesincetheytrytheirbesttosavemoney.Somepeoplethinkitisnotgoodtodosobecausethismaynotmakepeoplesmartconsumers.Butinmyeyes,theadvantagesofbeingcarefulwithmoneyindailylifeoutweighthedisadvantages.　　First,beingcarefulwithmoneyisavirtuethatcanalwaysbenefitpeople.Beingthriftyisofgreathelp,especiallywhentheeconomicstatusaroundtheworldisnotverygoodanditbecomeshardertoearnmoneythanbefore.Agoodhabitofbeingcarefulwithmoneywillhelpmanypeoplegothroughthisdifficultperiodoranyotherdifficultfinancialsituationintheirlife.Peoplewiththisawarenesswillthinkcarefullybeforedecidingtobuyanything.Forstudents,thisawarenessisalsoofgreathelpsincetheymainlydependontheirparentsforfinancialsupports.Whentheykeepthisawarenessintheirmind,theywilldefinitelyavoidwastingmoney.　　Secondly,beingcarefulwithmoneyis,infact,agoodwayofpracticinghowtomanageone'smoney.Incurrentsociety,itisnecessarytolearnsomethingaboutfinance.Buttheoriesareusuallyhardtolearn.Incontrast,mostpeoplecanlearnquicklybypracticing.Beingcarefulwithmoneymeansanefficientuseofmoney,which,inessence,equalstopartofthejobofafinancialplanner.Beingcarefulwithmoneycanteachpeopletomakebestuseoftheirmoney.　　Itistruethatbeingtoocarefulwithmoneymayhavesomedisadvantages;forexample,itmaycausepeopletoignoreotheraspectsofcommodities.Butoverallthisbehaviorisgoodandhasitsrealitybasis.Money-consciousnessisalwaysneededinthemarket-orientedeconomy.SECTIONB　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　April20,2013DearMathew,　　I'mwritingtoshowmyapologyforbeingunabletowaitforyouinmydorm.I'mreallysorrybutIhavesomethingurgenttodo.YoucancometoRoom1003,No.3TeachingBuildingtofindme.Themaponthebackofthenotewillhelpyou.I'llwaitforyouthere.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Yours,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Tom