部编版2020届高考英语一轮复习第一部分Unit4Publictransport牛津译林版选修7

Unit4PublictransportA卷Ⅰ单项填空1．IfyouwanttoownthenewestiPhoneahead,you’llhavetomakea(n)________，oryouwillwaitforsometime.A．preservationB．reservationC．orderD．applicationB解析：句意：如果你想提前拥有最新的苹果手机，你必须预定，否则你要等一段时间。preservation“保护”；reservation“预定”；order“订购”；application“申请”。2．Asweknow,thepurposeofcommunicationisto________yourthoughtsandideastootherseffectively.A．passB．sendC．conveyD．showC解析：convey意为“传达； 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 达(想法，感受)等”。pass作“传递，交流”讲时，后接表示“具体的物品或眼色，信号，评论等”。send意为“发送”；show意为“流露(感情等)”。根据句意“正如我们所知，交流的目的是把你的想法有效地传递给他人。”可知答案应选C项。3．Anincreasingnumberofcarsontheroad________traffic.Thatwasthereasonwhytheyfailedtogetthereontime.A．chokedbackB．chokeddownC．chokedoffD．chokedupC解析：chokeback“抑制；强忍住”；chokedown“吞咽；抑制；强忍住”；chokeoff“阻碍”；chokeup“对……苦恼”。根据句意可判断此处是“路上越来越多的车辆阻碍了交通”。故答案为C项。4．(2018·南京四校联考)—________noadduringTVplays.—Greatmove!Icannottoleratethoseannoyingadsappearingeveryseveralminutes.A．ThereissaidtohaveB．ItissaidtohaveC．ThereissaidtobeD．Itissaidtobe1C解析：Thereissaidtobe“据说有……”。5．Thebestmethodto________thisgoalistouniteasmanypeopleaspossible.A．undertakeB．conductC．performD．accomplishD解析：考查动词。句意：完成这个目标的最好的途径是团结的人越多越好。undertake“承担”；conduct“指挥”；perform“表演，操作”；accomplish“完成”，根据词义可知是完成目标，故选D项。6．(2018·南京高三调研)Aglobalvillagehasindeed________amongtheteenagegeneration,whosharecommonvaluesandattitudes.A．setupB.speededupC．risenupD.sprungupD解析：句意：地球村的确在青少年一代出现了，他们分享共同的价值观和生活态度。springup“发生；萌芽；出现”。7．Fiveminutesearlier________wecouldhaveavoidedtheaccident.A．orB．butC．soD．andD解析：句意：早五分钟，我们可能就会避免那次事故。此题考查的是“祈使句＋and＋简单句”结构。Fiveminutesearlier相当于一个祈使句，后面的简单句表示结果。8．Hewasrejectedforthejobvacancybecausehecouldn’tbe________evenfortheinterview.A．responsibleB.beneficialC．punctualD．regularC解析：句意：他没有得到那个职位空缺，因为他甚至连面试都不能准时。responsible“负责的”；beneficial“有益的”；punctual“准时的”；regular“有规律的”。9．(2018·南京师大附中模拟)—Excuseme,sir.Myvisaisdueattheendofthismonth.CanI________it?—Sure.YoucanjustgotothePublicSecurityOfficeinourcitytofillinsomeforms.A．expandB.extendC．postponeD．confirmB解析：问句句意：——打搅一下，先生。我的签证月底到期。我能再延长一下它吗？extend“延长，延伸”；expand“膨胀，扩张”；postpone“延期，推迟”；confirm“证实；批准；确定”。210．Iftheequipmentisnotuptotheagreedspecificationsandquality,wewill________toreplaceit.A．undertakeB.forceC．overcomeD．applyA解析：句意：如果设备达不到商定的规格和质量，我们保证进行调换。undertaketodo...“保证做……”。11．Manyroadaccidents________fromcarelessdriving,accordingtotherecentreportsfromthepolice.A．involveB.reduceC．ariseD．increaseC解析：考查动词辨析。句意：根据警方最近的 报告 软件系统测试报告下载sgs报告如何下载关于路面塌陷情况报告535n,sgs报告怎么下载竣工报告下载 ，很多道路交通事故是由粗心驾驶造成的。arise是不及物动词，意思是“(由……)引起，(因……)产生”，符合句意。12．(2018·滨海中学期中)Nowadaysworkingwomenbearalotmorepressure________themfromfamiliesandcareers.A．putonB.putdownC．putasideD.putawayA解析：考查动词短语辨析。这里表示家庭和自己的事业给她们的压力，用putsth.onsb.。13．________thesatellitelaunchdrewnear,theresearchworkersputtheirheartstothetestandalwaysstayeduplate.A．AsB.BecauseC．WithD．WhileA解析：句意：随着卫星发射的临近，研究人员全身心地投入到测试中，常常熬夜。as和with都可表达“随着……”的意思。as用作连词，引导的是一个时间状语从句。with介词，后接名词短语作宾语。分析句子结构可知答案应为A项。14.Onethingthatmostorganicallygrownfoodproductsseemtohaveincommonisthattheycostmorethan________grownfoods.A．apparentlyB．contradictorilyC．conventionallyD．punctuallyC解析：考查副词辨析。句意：大多数有机食品有一个共同点，那就是它们比用传统方式种植的食品成本更高。这里用conventionally表示“依照传统地”，与前面的organically呼应。apparently“明显地”；contradictorily“相互矛盾地”；punctually“按时地，准时地”。315．—ShallIgiveyouarideasyoulivesofaraway?—Thankyou.________．A．Itcouldn’tbebetterB．OfcourseyoucanC．IfyoulikeD．It’suptoyouA解析：考查情景对话。句意：——你住得这么远我送你吧！——谢谢你。那再好不过了。Itcouldn’tbebetter，否定＋比较级表示最高级，意为：没有比那更好的了。Ⅱ阅读理解A“OK，”Isaidtomydaughterasshebentoverherafternoonbowlofrice.“What’sgoingonwithyouandyourfriendJ．？”J．istheleaderofagroupofthird­gradersathercamp—apositionLucyherselfoccupiedtheprevioussummer.Nowshe’s__the__one__on__the__outs,andeverydayatsnacktime,shetellsmeallaboutit,whileIoffertheunhelpfuladviceallsummerlong.“She’sfondofgivingorders，”Lucycomplained.“She’sturningeveryoneagainstme.She’smean.She’sbadatmath.She’sterribleatkickball.Andshe’sfat.”“Excuseme，”Isaid,strugglingforcalm.“Whatdidyoujustsay？”“She’sfat，”Lucymumbled(含糊地说)intoherbowl.“We’regoingupstairs，”Isaid,myvoicecold.“Wearegoingtodiscussthis.”Andupwewent.I’dspentthenineyearssinceherbirthgettingreadyforthisday,thedaywe’dhavetohavetheconversationaboutthishorribleword.Iknewexactlywhattosaytothegirlonthereceivingendoftheteasing(嘲笑),butinallofmyimaginings,itneveronceoccurredtomethatmydaughterwouldbetheonewhousedtheFword—Fat.Mydaughtersatonherbed,andIsatbesideher.“Howwouldyoufeelifsomeonemadefunofyouforsomethingthatwasn’tyourfault？”Ibegan.“Shecouldstopeatingsomuch，”Lucymumbled,mouthingthesimpleadviceathousanddoctorsandwell­meaningfriendsandrelativeshavegivenoverweightwomenforyears.“It’snotalwaysthateasy，”Isaid.“Everyone’sdifferentintermsofhowtheytreatfood.”Lucylookedatme,waitingformetogoon.Iopenedmymouth,andthenclosedit.ShouldItellherthat,inteasingawoman’sweight,she’sjoinedthelong,proudtraditionofcriticswhogoafteranywomanwithwhomthey4disagreebystartingwith“you’reugly”andendingwith“nomanwouldwantyouandtheremustbesomethingwrongwithanymanwhodoes”？ShouldItellherIdidn’tcrywhensomeonepostedmypictureandcommented,“I’msorry,butaren’tauthorswhowritebooksmarketedtoyoungwomensupposedtobepretty？”Doessheneedtoknow,now,thatlifeisn’tfair?Ifeelhereyesonme,waitingforananswerIdon’thave.Wordsaremytools.Storiesaremyjob.It’spossibleshe’llrememberwhatIsayforever,andIhavenoideawhattosay.SoItellhertheonlythingIcancomeupwiththatisabsolutelytrue.Isaytomydaughter,“Iloveyou,andthereisnothingyoucouldeverdotomakemenotloveyou.ButI’mdisappointedinyourightnow.Thereareplentyofreasonsfornotlikingsomeone.Whatshelookslikeisn’toneofthem.”Lucynods,tearsonhercheeks.“Iwon’tsaythatagain，”shetellsme,andIpullherclose,pressingmynoseagainstherhair.Wearebothquiet,andIdon’tknowifIhavesaidtherightthing.Soaswesittheretogether,shouldertoshoulder,Iprayforhertobesmart.Iprayforhertobestrong.Iprayforhertofindfriends,worksheloves,apartnerwholovesher,andfortheworldnottodeprive(剥夺)herofthethingsthatmakeherwhosheis,forherlifetobeeasy,andforhertohavethestrengthtohandleitwhenit’snot.Andstill,always,IpraythatshewillneverstruggleasI’vestruggled,andthatweightwillneverbehercrosstobear.Shemaynotbeabletousethewordinourhome,butIcanuseitinmyhead.Ipraythatshewillnevergetfat.【解题导语】面对犯错的女儿，作者努力寻找恰当的语言指正孩子的错误，最终以爱感化和教育了女儿。在与女儿并肩坐着的时候，作者心中满是对女儿美好的祈祷和祝愿。1．TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph1indicatesthatLucy________．A．oftenmakesfunofherfriendJ.B．hasturnedagainstherfriendJ.C．getsalongwellwithherfriendJ.D．hasbeguntocompetewithherfriendJ.B解析：句意理解题。根据第一段可知，J．成了夏令营队长，而去年的队长是Lucy;根据第二段可知，Lucy一直抱怨J.。由此可知，该句暗示了Lucy已经反对她的朋友J.了。2．WhydoestheauthorwanttodiscusswithLucy?A．Becauseshewantstooffersomeotherhelpfuladvice.B．Becauseshehaspreparedtheconversationfornineyears.5C．BecausesheisreallyshockedatLucy’srudeness.D．BecauseshedecidestotellLucyasimilarstoryofherown.C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段可知，Lucy抱怨J.并说J.胖；根据第三段中的“we’dhavetohavetheconversationaboutthishorribleword...itneveronceoccurredtomethatmydaughterwouldbetheonewhousedtheFword—Fat”可知，作者没想到Lucy会用“胖”这个词来嘲笑别人，因此觉得有必要和她谈谈。3．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellherdaughter?A．Itisnoteasytotakethedoctors’advicetoeatless.B．Peopleshouldn’tcomplainbecauselifeisunfair.C．Sheherselfwasoncelaughedatforherappearance.D．Peopleshouldn’tbeblamedfortheirappearance.D解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后两句“Thereareplentyofreasonsfornotlikingsomeone.Whatshelookslikeisn’toneofthem.”可知，作者想告诉女儿人们不应该因为他们的外貌而受到责备。4．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________．A．theauthorearnsalivingbywritingstoriesB．theauthorisafatbutgood­lookingwomanC．theauthorwillstoplovingherdaughterforwhatshesaidD．theauthor’sdaughteragreedwithherfromtheverybeginningA解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“Wordsaremytools.Storiesaremyjob.”可推知，作者以写故事谋生。5．Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat________．A．Lucywasdeeplymovedbyhermother’sprayerB．amother’sprayerwillshapeherdaughter’sattitudetowardslifeC．theauthorallowsherdaughtertousetheFwordinherheadD．theauthorhopesherdaughterwillneverhaveweighttroubleD解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句“Ipraythatshewillnevergetfat.”可知，作者希望她的女儿永远不会变胖，永远没有体重问题。6．Theauthor’sattitudetowardsherdaughtercanbebestdescribedas________．A．lovingbutstrictB．indifferentbutpatientC．satisfiedandfriendlyD．unsatisfiedandangryA解析：作者态度题。通过作者对女儿说的话以及为女儿的祈祷可知，作者深爱自己的女儿；通过作者对女儿不当行为的指正可知，作者对女儿要求很严格。因此选A。B6KungHeiFatChoymeansHappyNewYear!WelcometoourChineseNewYear/LunarNewYearpages!We’vegotahugecollectionoffunactivitiesforyoutoexploreandenjoywithyourkids,bothathomeorintheclassroom.Youcanlearnaboutthecurrentyear—YearoftheRooster—orjustenjoyourgeneralChineseNewYearcontent(includingoriginalcolouringpages,crafts,puzzles,worksheets,printablesofallsorts)．..butbewarned,there’sprobablyenoughheretolastyouuntilnextChineseNewYear!NineAsiancountriescelebratetheLunarNewYearwithpublicholidaysandvariationsontheactivitiesyouwillfinddescribedbelow.About1/5oftheworld’spopulationwillbeenjoyingthefestival,andNewYear’sEveistheworld’sbiggestannualmigration,withover200millionpeoplemakingeveryefforttogethomeforabigcelebratorydinnerwiththeirextendedfamilies.On16thFebruary2018wewelcomeinanewChineseNewYear,theYearoftheDog！Forlotsofnewcolouringpages,puzzles,worksheetsandotherprintables,clickhere:YearoftheDog.LotsNEW!【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一个网页上关于中国新年的内容。7．Wherewillthiswritingbefound?A．OnTV.B．Inanewspaper.C．Inabooklet.D．OntheInternet.D解析：文章出处题。根据文章第一段第二句和文章最后一句可推知，文章应该是出自网站上的一个网页。故选D。8．Whoisthewritingintendedfor?A．Webpagedesigners.B．Schoolteachers.C．Folk­customresearchers.D．Studentsinthefirstgrade.B解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第三句可推知，这篇文章应是写给学校老师或学生父母的。故选B。B卷Ⅰ完形填空Payeng’stree­plantingprojectbeganwhenhewas16,whenfloodingwipedawayalargepartofforest.Wildlifewereleftwithoutenough__1__,andPayeng7watched__2__creaturesbegintodieofffromheat.Deeply__3__，Payengdeterminedtogrowtreesallhislife.“I__4__theforestdepartmentandaskedthemiftheycouldgrowtreesonthesandbar(沙洲).Theysaidnothingwould__5__there.__6__,theyaskedmetotrygrowingbamboo.Itwas__7__，butIdidit.What’smore,therewasnobodyinterestedtohelpme，”Payengsaid.Payengstartedhisforestby__8__bamboosaplings(幼树)everymorningandevening.Heevenbroughtredantstothesandbartohelp__9__thesoil.Whenhisbambootreesgrew,Payengdecidedtoslowly__10__otherspeciesoftreesintothesandbar.Throughhis__11__act,Payengchangedthesandbarintoathick,greenforestthat__12__numerousbirds,andwildanimals.Payeng’sforestwentlargely__13__until2008,whenateamofstateofficials__14__it.“Weweresurprisedtofindsuchabig__15__onthesandbar，”GuninSaikia,Assam’sAssistantConservatorofForests,said.“Weare__16__atPayeng.Hehasbeenatitfor30years.”Now,Payengmakesa__17__withhisfamilyintheforestheplantedbyraisingcowsandsellingmilk,andhehashis__18__setonplantingasecondforestonanother1，300­acresandbar.“Itmaytakeanother30years,butIam__19__aboutit，”Payengsaid__20__．【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了环保人士Payeng坚持种树30年，在沙洲里创造了一片令人惊叹的森林。1．A.foodB．waterC．shadeD．spaceC解析：A项意为“食物”；B项意为“水”；C项意为“阴凉处，(树)荫”；D项意为“空间”。结合上文可知，洪水冲走了一大部分森林。由下文“...creaturesbegintodieofffromheat”可推知，野生生物没有足够的树荫。故选C。2．A.dangerousB．helplessC．aimlessD．fierceB解析：A项意为“危险的”；B项意为“无助的”；C项意为“没有目标的”；D项意为“凶猛的”。联系上下文可知，野生生物因为没有足够的树荫而死于炎热，所以此时它们应该感到很无助。故选B。3．A.movedB．hurt8C．attractedD．saddenedD解析：根据上文可知，森林遭到破坏，野生生物因为没有足够的树荫而感到无助。Payeng应该对此感到悲伤。D项意为“使悲伤，使难过”，符合题意。故选D。4．A.informedB．blamedC．disturbedD．contactedD解析：A项意为“通知”；B项意为“责备”；C项意为“打扰”；D项意为“联系”。根据语境可知，Payeng应该是联系林业部门，反映情况。故选D。5．A.growB．liveC．occurD．workA解析：根据语境可知，林业部门认为没有什么可以在沙洲中生长。A项意为“生长”，符合题意。故选A。6．A.ThereforeB．InsteadC．OtherwiseD．FortunatelyB解析：A项意为“因此”；B项意为“反而，却”；C项意为“否则”；D项意为“幸运地”。根据上文可知，林业部门认为树木无法在沙洲中生长。因此他们反而建议Payeng种植竹子。故选B。7．A.pleasantB．hopefulC．meaningfulD．painfulD解析：根据语境可知，Payeng是环保人士，由此可推知，当他听到无法通过种树来改变沙洲环境时，他的感觉应该是痛苦的。D项意为“痛苦的”，符合题意。故选D。8．A.wateringB．cuttingC．countingD．observingA解析：A项意为“浇水”；B项意为“切下”；C项意为“计算”；D项意为“观察”。根据常识及语境可知，Payeng通过每天早晚为竹子幼苗浇水开始创造森林。故选A。9．A.changeB．destroyC．addD．improveD解析：根据上文Payeng将红蚁带到沙洲中可知，他希望就此改良土壤。D项意为“改善，提高”，符合题意。故选D。10．A.throwB．introduceC．putD．sendB解析：根据语境可知，竹子开始生长之后，Payeng决定引入一些其他的树种。introduce...into为固定用法，意为“将……引进，加入”。故选B。11．A.uniqueB．ridiculousC．strangeD．stubborn9A解析：A项意为“独特的，唯一的”；B项意为“荒谬的”；C项意为“奇怪的”；D项意为“固执的”。根据上文可知，Payeng通过种植竹子来创造森林，因此他的方法是独特的。故选A。12．A.bearsB．includesC．sheltersD．hidesC解析：A项意为“忍受”；B项意为“包括”；C项意为“给……提供遮蔽”；D项意为“隐藏”。根据下文中“numerousbirds，andwildanimals”可知，绿色的森林可以为小鸟和野生动物提供遮蔽处。故选C。13．A.unacceptedB．unnoticedC．discoveredD．disapprovedB解析：A项意为“不被接受的”；B项意为“未被注意的”；C项意为“发现”；D项意为“不支持”。根据上下文可知，Payeng的森林直到2008年才被注意到。not...until为固定短语，意为“直到……才”。故选B。14．A.studiedB．researchedC．camefromD．cameacrossD解析：根据语境可知，Payeng的森林一直未被注意到，直到一些官员偶然发现它。短语comeacross意为“偶然遇到”，符合语境。故选D。15．A.forestB．heroC．bambooD．treeA解析：根据语境可知，官员惊讶地发现沙洲里居然有这么一大片森林。故选A。16．A.sorryB．disappointedC．amazedD．madC解析：根据上文中的“surprised”可知，官员不只是对沙洲里的森林感到惊讶，对它的创造人也感到惊讶。beamazedat为固定短语，意为“对……感到惊讶”，符合语境。故选C。17．A.livingB．differenceC．wonderD．planA解析：根据下文“byraisingcowsandsellingmilk”(靠养牛和卖牛奶)可知，Payeng和他的家人靠在森林里养牛和卖牛奶谋生。makealiving为固定短语，意为“谋生”，符合题意。故选A。18．A.companyB．homeC．limitsD．goalsD解析：根据下文“plantingasecondforestonanother1，300­acresandbar”可知，此处应指Payeng给自己设定的目标。goal意为“目标”，符合题意。故选D。1019．A.anxiousB．optimisticC．worriedD．curiousB解析：A项意为“焦虑的”；B项意为“乐观的”；C项意为“担心的”；D项意为“好奇的”。根据上文“but”表转折可知，虽然种出另一片森林要花费他另一个三十年，但是Payeng对此持乐观态度。故选B。20．A.determinedlyB．hesitantlyC．calmlyD．loudlyA解析：根据上文可知，Payeng对种出另一片森林充满信心，因此此处指Payeng坚定地说道。determinedly意为“坚定地”，符合题意。故选A。Ⅱ阅读理解AEightyearsago，backin2010，somereportscoveredastorythattheworld’slongestrailwaytunnelwasunderconstructioninSwitzerland.Atthatpointithadalreadybeenunderconstructionforoveradecade.Ithadbeenvotedtobebuiltnearlyaquarterofacenturyago！Theideatobuilditcoulddatebacktonearly70yearsago—aboutasoldassomeofyourgrandparents!Yesterday，itwasfinallyready!It’sabout35mileslongandruns7，500feetbeneaththeSwissAlps，afamousmountainrangeinSwitzerland.Itevenrunsunderanoldtunnelthatwastherebefore.Ittookatotalof17yearstobuildatacostof$12billion！28milliontonsofrockweredug.Twomilliontruckloadsofearthwereremoved!ThetunnelconnectsnorthernandsouthernEurope.TheopeningofthistunnelwassuchabigdealthattheGermany’sleader，ChancellorAngelaMerkel，France’spresident，FrancoisHollande，andItaly’sprimeminister，MatteoRenzi，werealltheretocelebrate，aswasAustria’schancellorChristianKern.It’scalledtheGotthardBaseTunnel.Eventually，325freightandpassengertrainswillgothroughthetunnel，relievingalotoftrafficontheroadwaysthereandmakingitamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyoption.TheGotthardBaseTunnelisawonderofengineeringandmakesuswanttovisitit!【解题导语】本文介绍了戈特哈德隧道的建成及其相关情况和由此带来的意义。1．Whendidpeoplefirsthavetheideaofbuildingthetunnel?A．About70yearsago.B．Halfacenturyago.C．Twenty­fiveyearsago.11D．Sevenyearsago.A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的最后一句可知，大约70年前人们第一次有建造该隧道的想法。故选A项。2．Whatcanwelearnaboutthetunnel?A．Itusedtobeanoldtunnel.B．Ithasjustbeencompleted.C．ItconnectsallEuropeancountries.D．Itrunsoverarangeofmountains.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Yesterday，itwasfinallyready！”可知，该隧道刚刚竣工。故选B项。3．Whatmaybethepurposeofbuildingthetunnel?A．Toimprovetraffic.B．Toincreaseemployment.C．Toattractdonation.D．Tostoppollution.A解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“relievingalotoftrafficontheroadwaysthereandmakingitamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyoption”可知，该铁路隧道修建的目的是缓解交通压力。故选A项。4．Whatcanbeinferredaboutthetunnel?A．Itwillcauseconflictsamongcountries.B．Itwillbeoflittlebenefittothelocals.C．Itmaydodamagetotheenvironment.D．Itmaybecomeatouristattraction.D解析：推理判断题。根据最后一句中的“makesuswanttovisitit”可推知，该铁路隧道可能会成为一个旅游胜地。故选D项。BOneofthebiggestsocialissuesinJapanistheincreasinglylowmarriageratesamongyoungpeopleandthelowbirthrates,whichleadtoanagingandeventuallyshrinking(萎缩)population.MostyoungJapanesewomensimplydon’tseeminterestedinhavingmanychildren.NowwhatbeganinJapanishappeningglobally.AsDavidBrookswrote,birthratesarebecominglowerinmuchoftheworld,fromIran—1.7birthsperwoman—toRussian,wherelowbirthratesconnectedwithhighdeathratesmeanthepopulationisalreadyshrinking.AndthisincludestheU．S.,whichhaslonghadhigherbirthratesthan12mostdevelopednations.Agingcountrieswillfacetheburdenofcaringforlargeelderlypopulationswithoutalargerresourceofyoungworkers.It’struethatglobalagingisgoingtopresentsomemajorchallenges.Whowilltakecareoftheelderly?Willanolderworldbelessactiveandslowertochangeandadapt?It’salltrue.SometimesIworryaboutacominggenerationalwaroverresources,justasIworryabouthowIwilltakecareofmyownparentsintheiroldage,justasIworryaboutwhomighttakecareofme.Buthere’sthething:anolderworldmayhavelesspressureontheenvironment.Asweallknow,theenvironmentistherealvictimofoverpopulation.Somaybeaworldthatgrowsslowerandgrowsolderwillputlesspressureontheenvironment,andbuyusafewmoreyearstoensureourenergyuse,alongwithourbirthrates,reachesasustainable(可持续的)level.Afterall,we’resupposedtogetsmarteraswegetolder.Hopefullythatholdstruefortheplanetaswell.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了全球老龄化带来的挑战，也指出了老龄化社会有利的方面。5．ThepopulationissueinJapanismentionedto________．A．showyoungpeople’spreferenceformarriageB．introducethetopicofglobalbirthrates’becominglowerC．indicatethedeepercauseofJapan’sdepressionD．emphasizetherevolutionofJapanesewomenB解析：细节理解题。文章开头提及日本人口出生率低是为了引出全球人口出生率低、老龄化问题。第二段的第一句“NowwhatbeganinJapanishappeningglobally.”也是提示。故选B。6．Whichwillbecausedbylowbirthratesaccordingtothepassage?A．Agingsociety.B．Environmentalproblems.C．Highdeathrates.D．Lowemploymentrates.A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“OneofthebiggestsocialissuesinJapanis...andthelowbirthrates,whichleadtoanagingandeventuallyshrinking(萎缩)population.”可知，人口出生率低会导致老龄化社会。故选A。7．What’stheauthor’sattitudetotheworldwidebirthrates’becominglower?A．Anxious.B．Disappointed.C．Hopeful.D．Doubtful.13C解析：观点态度题。根据文章的最后两段可知，老龄化社会也有有利的方面，如减少环境压力、保障能源供应等。故选C。8．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtoDavidBrooks?A．Thebirthratesallovertheworldarebecominglower.B．Themostdevelopedcountrieshavehigherdeathrates.C．Americaistheonlydevelopedcountrywithhigherbirthrates.D．Birthrates’becominglowermeansagreatrisktoagingcountries.D解析：细节理解题。根据前三段可知，低出生率会导致社会老龄化，而老龄化国家会面临许多老人需要被照顾、年轻劳动力缺乏的巨大挑战。故选D。14