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ACADEMIC LISTENING PRACTICE TEST 9 SECTION 1 Questions 1 - 10 Questions 1 - 5 Circle the correct letters A - C. 1 What is John’s job? A Doctor B Teacher C Chemist 2 Which of the following continents did John not visit on his travels? A Europe B Africa C North America 3 What’s Frank’s job? A Journalist B Travel writer C College lecturer 4 How many children do Frank and Liz have? A 0 B 2 C 3 Example When was the last time that John and Frank saw each other? A 9 years B 10 years C 11 years © ieltshelpnow.com ieltshelpnow.com ACADEMIC MODULE PRACTICE TEST 9 Academic Test 9; Page 1 5 When did John and Kate get married? A the last year of college B the year after graduation C 2 years after graduation Questions 6 - 10 Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR A NUMBER for each answer. 6 What time should Frank and Liz go to dinner? __________________ 7 What’s Frank’s mobile phone number? __________________ 8 What’s on the other side of the road from John and Kate’s flat? __________________ 9 What does Liz NOT like to eat? __________________ Questions 10 Circle the correct letter A - C. 10 Which bell button is the one for John and Kate’s flat? ☼ ☼ ☼ ☼ ☼ ☼ ☼ ☼ ☼ ☼ ☼ ☼ A B C © ieltshelpnow.comAcademic Test 9; Page 2 football hockey basketball badminton martial arts netball trampolines aerobics modern dance spinning yoga weight training aerobic training running machines squash football swimming pool rugby cricket hockey SECTION 2 Questions 11 - 20 Questions 11 - 14 What FOUR sports facilities are currently NOT available at the Westley University Sports Centre. Joining the Sports Centre To be student member of Sports Centre you must be full time/part time at uni. + Students’ Union member. Come with NUS card to Sports Centre reception between 9.00am and 3.30pm from (15) __________ to Saturday. Present NUS card, fill out application form and pay subscription. Student subscription is (16) __________. Pay by cash or cheque; not credit cards. No photos necessary; (17) __________ at reception. Members can use the facilities at any time. Because of (18) __________ members must show membership card every time they come in. Replacement cards cost (19) __________. Members can book courts, not by phone, with membership cards. Opening Times (7 days a week) Monday to Saturday (20) __________ Sunday 9.00am to 6.00pm Questions 15 - 20 Complete the student’s notes below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. © ieltshelpnow.comAcademic Test 9; Page 3 SECTION 3 Questions 21 - 30 Questions 21 - 25 Answer questions 21 - 25 below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR A NUMBER for each answer. 21 What subject does Professor Cameron teach? ___________________________ 22 What time will next week’s seminar be? ___________________________ 23 To what problem of Maggie’s does Professor Cameron refer? ___________________________ 24 Who has the students’ extended essays from the last semester? ___________________________ 25 How many students did badly in last semester’s extended essay? ___________________________ © ieltshelpnow.com Academic Test 9; Page 4 Questions 26 - 30 Complete the sentences below. Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each answer. 26 The students will have a choice of _______________ titles for this semester’s extended essay. 27 Professor Cameron says that he will look at _______________ until the end of April. 28 This semester’s extended essay word limit range is between _______________. 29 The students extended essay for this semester will be based on _______________ at the university’s facilities. 30 Rob will be able to help students at _______________. © ieltshelpnow.com Academic Test 9; Page 5 THE MEAGALODON (Carcharadon Megalodon) - the largest predator that ever lived on Earth Size * 12 m + (possibly up to 15m or 31m) * About 3 X length of Great White Shark (estimates from fossilized teeth + vertebrae) Teeth * Size of (31) _________________ * Very hard and fossilised well unlike all other parts of sharks’ cartilage skeletons * Bone-like material coated with (32) _________________ * Like Great White Shark teeth but bigger, thicker + more finely serrated Appearance * Possibly like a huge, streamlined Great White Shark Jaws * Open (33) _________________ wide and 7 feet high; could swallow enormous objects * Loosely attached by ligaments and muscles to the skull * Teeth probably located in rotating rows * First two rows of teeth for (34) _________________, others rotate into place as needed * Lost, broken or worn teeth replaced by new ones * Did not chew food; gulped whole large chunks Diet * Mainly whales. * Sharks eat approx. (35) _________________ of body weight daily * Remains of whales with (36) _________________ indicate predator - prey relationship SECTION 4 Questions 31 - 40 Questions 31 - 36 Complete the Megalodon description below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. © ieltshelpnow.com Academic Test 9; Page 6 Questions 37 - 40 Are the following statements TRUE or FALSE. 37 The speaker gives another example of a fish that everyone mistakenly thought was extinct. 38 In 1918, a giant shark attacked some Port Stephens fishermen killing one of them. 39 The Port Stephens fishermen all agreed with each other on their description of the shark that they saw. 40 The Megalodon sighting near Broughton Island happened again the next day. © ieltshelpnow.com Academic Test 9; Page 7 ACADEMIC READING PRACTICE TEST 9 READING PASSAGE 1 Questions 1 - 14 You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1 – 14 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below. PHRENOLOGY – INTERPRETING THE MIND Phrenology is the doctrine that proposes that psychological traits of personality, intellect, temperament, and character are ascertainable from analysis of the protrusions and depressions in the skull. It was an idea created by Franz Joseph Gall in 1796. Gall referred to his new idea in English as cranioscopy. It was only later that Johanne Spurzheim, one of Gall’s students, labeled the idea phrenology after Gall’s death. Gall’s idea was spurred when he noticed that university classmates who could memorize great amounts of information with relative ease seemed to have prominent eyes and large foreheads. He speculated that other internal qualities, besides memory, might be indicated by an external feature also. Gall theorised that traits were located in particular regions of the brain. Enlargements or depressions in the brain in particular areas meant a greater than normal or less than normal quantity of the given trait. It was assumed that the external contour of the skull accurately reflected the external contour of the brain where traits were localized. Carl Cooter, another advocate of phrenology asserted that there were five major parts to phrenology theory. The first was simply that the brain was the organ of the mind. The second was that the brain was not a homogeneous unity, but a compilation of mental organs with specific functions. The third was that the organs were topographically localised. The fourth was that the relative size of any one of the organs could be taken as a measure of that organ’s power over the person’s behaviour. The fifth and final part of Cooter’s theory was that external craniological features could be used to diagnose the internal state of the mental faculties. All of these parts were based on observations Cooter made. Sebastian Leibl, a student of Cooter’s, theorized that there could be anywhere from 27 to 38 regions on the skull indicative of the organs of the brain, each of which stood for a different personality characteristic. Leibl further theorised that the different regions of the brain would grow or shrink with usage, just as muscles will grow larger when exercised. If a certain part of the brain grew from increased use, the skull covering that part of the brain would bulge out to make room for the expanded brain tissue. With these assumptions, the bumps on one’s skull could be felt and the abilities and personality traits of a person could be assessed. Spurzheim put a more metaphysical and philosophical spin on Gall’s concept when he named it phrenology, meaning “science of the mind”. To Spurzheim phrenology was the science that could tell people what they are and why exactly they are who they are. Spurzheim wrote that the premise of phrenology was to use the methods to identify individuals who stood out at both poles of society: those with a propensity for making important social contributions and those with a greater than normal tendency for evil. The former were to be encouraged, nurtured, and developed in order to maximize their potential for good. The latter needed to be curbed and segregated to protect society from their predisposition to be harmful to others. Phrenology has met up with a good deal of criticism since it was proposed, but over time © ieltshelpnow.comAcademic Test 9; Page 8 it has also been credited for certain things. John Fancher, a critic of phrenology, states that it was a curious mixture, combining some keen observations and insights with an inappropriate scientific procedure. Most criticism is aimed at the poor methods used by phrenologists and the tangent from standard scientific procedure in investigating. Pierre Flourens was also appalled by the shoddy methods of phrenologists and was determined to study the functions of the brain strictly by experiment. The specific technique that Flourens used was ablation, the surgical removal of certain small parts of the brain. Flourens was a very skilled surgeon and used ablation to cleanly excise certain slices from the brain. He ablated precisely determined portions of bird, rabbit, and dog brains. Flourens then observed the behavior of his subject. Since, for obvious ethical reasons, he was only able to use animals, he could not test uniquely human faculties. He never tested or measured any behaviour until he nursed his subjects back to health after their operations. Flourens’s subjects did show a lowering of all functions but not just one function as Gall’s theory would have predicted. Gall asserted that he wiped out many organs all at once when he ablated part of the brain. This explained the general lowering of all functions in many of his subjects. Despite attacks from Flourens and others, phrenology held its appeal to scientists in Europe who would bring the idea across to America where it would flourish. Questions 1 – 8 Answer questions 1 - 8 below by writing the initials of the phrenology scientist to which the questions refer in boxes 1- 8 on your answer sheet. The initials of the phrenology scientists are in the table on the folowing page. NB In one question you must write the initials of TWO phrenology scientists. 1 Which phrenology scientist did not use the term phrenology? 2 Which phrenology scientist theorised that you could identify people’s morality using phrenology? 3 Which phrenology scientist theorised that the size of certain parts of human brains would increase if they were used a lot? 4 Which TWO phrenology scientists did not agree with the way phrenologists came to their conclusions? 5 Which phrenology scientist theorised that the size of a certain part of the brain corresponds to that part of the brain’s influence over a person’s actions? 6 Which phrenology scientist theorised that the human brain was a collection of cerebral organs? 7 Which phrenology scientist was an expert at performing operations? 8 Which phrenology scientist proposed theories based on his observations of colleagues? © ieltshelpnow.comAcademic Test 9; Page 9 FG Franz Joseph Gall CC Carl Cooter SL Sebastian Leibl JS Johanne Spurzheim JF John Fancher PF Pierre Flourens The Phrenology Scientists Questions 9 - 14 Read the passage Phrenology - Interpreting the Mind again and look at the statements below. In boxes 9 - 14 on your answer sheet write: TRUE if the statement is true FALSE if the statement is false NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the text 9 Flourens conducted brain experiments on human patients. 10 The theories of phrenology thrived in America. 11 Gall theorised that phrenology could only indicate memory ability. 12 Flourens worked with Fancher to investigate phrenology using standard scientific experiments. 13 Gall also conducted experiments on live subjects. 14 Spurzheim’s theories were used by governments as a rationale to segregate certain undesirable parts of society. © ieltshelpnow.com Academic Test 9; Page 10 READING PASSAGE 2 Questions 15 - 27 You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 15 – 27 which are based on Reading Passage 2 on the following pages. DETECTING DECEPTION According to lay theory there exist three core basic signs for spotting liars. These are speaking quickly and excessive fluctuations in pitch of voice, the liar becoming fidgety and hesitant when questioned on detail, and failure to make eye-contact. There is nothing too perplexing about that. Yet, a good liar will be just as aware of these as the person they’re lying to and thus will ensure that eye contact especially is evident. Shifty eyes can indicate that someone is feeling emotional perhaps from a lie, or perhaps just from nerves as a result of lying. Of course, this does not apply to instances where eye contact is non-existent, like during a telephone conversation. Psychologist Paul Eckman states that extensive use of details can make lies more believable. But they can also often trip up the liar. If the details change or contradict each other, you should suspect you’re being had. There exists an intrinsic link between emotional connections and effective lying. The notion is that it is harder to lie to those whom we know well and care for. There are two reasons for this: firstly, those close to us are more aware of our mannerisms and behavioural patterns and can more readily detect our default lying techniques. The second reason is that people we don’t know lack the emotional response that people we are close to have regarding lying. Robert Galatzer-Levy, MD, a psychoanalyst in private practice, reasons that, “The good liar doesn’t feel bad or have a guilty conscience, so it’s much more difficult to pick up on cues that they are lying.” This is why it is apparently so easy for salesmen and politicians alike to lie so effortlessly. Recently a lot of politicians have been making outrageous claims about their ability to tell when a person is lying. Many lay people apparently believe that people can make a pretty good assessment of when a person is lying or not. Research illustrates, however, that nothing could be further from the truth. University of Maryland professor, Patricia Wallace, an expert on deception detection states, “Psychological research on deception shows that most of us are poor judges of truthfulness and this applies even to professionals such as police and customs inspectors whose jobs are supposed to include some expertise at lie detection.” She then goes on to describe two of the many experiments in the psychological research literature which support this contention. The first study was conducted in 1987 and looked at whether police officers could be trained to detect deceptive eye witness statements. They watched videotaped statements of witnesses, some of whom were truthful and others who were not. They were told to pay close attention to non-verbal cues, such as body movements and posture, gestures, and facial expressions. They were also instructed to pay attention to the tempo and pitch of voices. In the end, however, the officers did only slightly better than chance at determining whether the witnesses were being truthful. And the more confident the officer was of his or her judgment, the more likely he or she was to be wrong. Airline customs inspectors, whose very job is to try and determine suspiciousness and lying, and lay people were used in another experiment. The inspectors and lay people in this © ieltshelpnow.com Academic Test 9; Page 11 experiment weren’t given any specific training or instructions on what to look for. They were simply told to judge the truthfulness of mock inspection interviews viewed on videotape and determine whether the passenger was carrying contraband and lying about it. The “passengers” being interviewed were actually paid volunteers whose job it was to try and fool the inspectors. Neither lay people nor inspectors did much better than chance. When questioned about what types of signs they looked for to determine lying behavior, the inspectors and lay people relied largely on preconceived notions about liars in general: liars will give short answers, volunteer extra information, show poor eye contact and nervous movements and evade questions. What nearly all deception experiments have in common to date is that they use videotape instead of live people in their design. Some might argue that it is this very difference which politicians and others are trying to emphasize. This is that people can’t tell when people are lying on videotape but can when the person is there, live, in front of them. Without research teasing out these subtle differences, however, it would be a leap of logic to simply assume that something is missing in a videotaped interview. This is a seemingly baseless assumption. A person interviewed on videotape is very much live to the people doing the interviewing. It is simply a recording of a live event. While there may be differences, we simply don’t know that any indeed exist. Without that knowledge, anyone who claims to know is simply speaking from ignorance or prejudice. The conclusions from this research are obvious. Trained professionals and untrained lay people, in general, cannot tell when a person is lying. If you’ve known someone for years, your chances for detecting truthfulness are likely higher, but strangers trying to guess truthfulness in other strangers will do no better than chance in their accuracy. Questions 15 - 20 Do the following statements reflect the views of the writer in Reading Passage 2? In boxes 15 - 20 on your answer sheet write: YES if the statement agrees with the information NO if the statement contradicts the statement NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage 15 Tactics that liars use to trick people frequently give them away. 16 Good liars show less emotional response to the fact that they are lying. 17 In the two experiments described in the text, the police performed better than the airline customs inspectors. 18 The preparation for both experiments described in the text were very similar. © ieltshelpnow.com Academic Test 9; Page 12 Questions 21 - 24 Complete each of the following statements (Questions 21 - 24) with words taken from Reading Passage 2. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 21 - 24 on your answer sheet. 21 It has been put forward that politicians use the _____________ between speaking live and on television to help them fool people. 22 Liars are often _____________ the things that people look for in liars. 23 Two vocal clues that policemen listened for in their experiment were _____________. 24 _____________ were used to try and fool the airline customs inspectors and lay people. Questions 25 - 27 Using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR A NUMBER from Reading Passage 2, answer the following questions. Write your answers in boxes 25 - 27 on your answer sheet. 25 Apart from television, what example does the text give of conversation when people don’t look each other in the eye? 26 Who have recently asserted that they can spot liars easily? 27 What is the similarity in most