The independence

Theindependence-versus-interdependenceissuehasbeenwrittenaboutregularlyandisoftenintroducedasthemajorissueseparatingthetwoworldsofscientificemployment:academicandindustrial.Fordecades,academiahaspaidlipservicetotheideaofcollaboration,buttheincentive-and-rewardsystemhasbeenslowtoadjust.Despitethewidespreadinterestincollaborationanditsobviousvalueinanacademicsetting,collaborationremainsinformalandisactuallydiscouragedbythetenureprocess,inwhichscholarsarepenalizedforsharingcreditfortheirworkwithothers.Large-scaleacademiccollaborationhastakenplacesuccessfullyinthepast;theManhattanProjectandcontemporaneousradarresearch,andnumerousexperimentalparticlephysicsprojects,tocitejustafewexamples,arenotperhapsacademicinthepurestsense,buttheydemonstratethatacademicscientistscanplaywellwithothers.Morerecently,newsystemsbiologystudiesarebringingasenseofteamworkintoacademiclifesciencelabs,buttherehavebeensomegrowingpains.Still,inmostofacademicscience—includingthelifescience—thelonewolfstillrules.CuisineinChinaisaharmoniousintegrationofcolor,taste,shapeandfragrance.Forthecookingprocess,chefspickchoiceandvariedingredientsandseasoningsandemploytheunparalleledandcomplicatedskillshandeddownfromtheirfathers,alwaysaspiringtotheiridealofperfectionforallthesenses.Amongthemanycookingmethodstheyuseareboiling,stewing,braising,frying,steaming,crisping,baking,simmering.Whentheyfinishtheirmasterpiecestheyarearrangedonavarietyofplatesanddishessothattheyarearealpleasuretoview,tosmellandultimatelytosavor.Thefacilitytopartakeofthesedelightsisalsodistinctive—chopsticks!Toseeeventhesmallestchildeatwithsuchdexterityisquiteamazingformanyforeigners.TheuseoftwosimplesticksinthiswayisanartinitselfandchopstickshavedeterminedthewayinwhichChinesefoodispresentedatthetable.Ifwelookatloveinothercountriesandcultures,wefindmanyvariations.InsocietieslikeIndia,loveisnotnecessarilyaprerequisiteformarriage.EvenhighlyeducatedIndianmenandwomenwhodatenon-IndianswhilelivinginWesterncountriesoftenconsenttoarrangedmarriages.Respectforparent’swishes,familytraditions,anddutytothekingrouparemoreimportantthanlove.Mostmiddle-andupper-middleclasswomeninIndiacanmarrywhomevertheywant,Many,howeverpreferarrangedmarriagesandhavevetopoweroverundesirablecandidates.Arrangedmarriagesareattractivebecausetheyoffermorestabilitythanlove.AccordingtoonehighlyeducatedwomaninCalcuttawhohasbeenhappilymarriedforthreeyearstoamanshehadmetjustthreetimesbeforetheirengagement,loveisn’tessentialformaritalhappiness:ImetalotofpeopleIlike,butnoonewassuitableformarriage,becauseIwaslookingforpracticalityalso.Loveisimportant,butit’snotsufficient.Yogaisanancientsystemofrelaxation,exercise,andhealingwithoriginsinIndianphilosophy.EarlydescriptionsofyogaarewritteninSanskrit,theclassicalliterarylanguageofIndia.ThefirstknownworkisTheYogaSutras,writtenmorethan2,000yearsage,althoughyogamayhavebeenpracticedto5,000yearsago.Theinitialconceptshavebeenadaptedovertimethroughtranslationandscholarlyinterpretation,butthefundamentalprinciplesdescribingthepracticeofyogainthequestofthesoulremainlargelyintake.Yogahasbeendescribedas“theunionofmind,boby,andspirit”,whichaddressesphysical,mental,intellectual,emotionalandspiritualdimensionstowardanoverallharmoniousstateofbeing.Thephilosophyofyogaissometimespicturedasatreewitheightbranches.Theseeightlimbsare:pranayama(breathingexercises),prathyahara(physicalpostures),yama(moralbehavior),niyama(healthyhabit),dharana(concentration),prathyahara(sensewithdrawal),dhyana(contemplation),andSamadhi(hogherconsciousness).Thereareseveralschoolsofyogapractice,suchashathayoga,karmayoga,Bhaktiyoga,andrajayoga.Theseschoolsvaryintheproportionsoftheexercisesofeightlimbs.However,theyareallsimilarinworkingtowardsthegoalofself-realizationandcontrolofmental,physiological,andpsychologicalparametersthroughyogicexperiences.IntheUnitedStatesandEuoope,hathayogaiscommonlypracticed,includingpranayamaandasanas.Yogaisoftenpracticedbyhealthyindividualswiththeaimtoachieverelaxation,fitness,andahealthylifestyle.Yogahasalsobeenrecommendedandusedforavarietyofmedicalconditions.Yogatechniquescanbelearnedinclassesorthroughvideotapeinstruction.Classeslastfrom30to90minutesandareofferedatvariousskilllevels.The Moral imperative by considering the value of education which is much deeper than earning potential or building human capital .Education is what it takes to lead fuller lives and to contribute To Our Nation And the word.Higher education in particular Affords students the opportunities to explore history,debate important issues,and productive society.Anation of education individuals is more likely to strengthen the institutions:in government,in business and in the Schools they rely upon.Consider graduation rates.fifteen percent of our high schools produce half of our dropouts ,and these schools are disproportionately in low-income areas with mostly minority students.nationally,one of every two african american and hispanic  students drops out of high school.If we are a nation dedicated to equality ,we cannot be satisfied with the status quo.helping more students make it to college and succeed there is a morally urgent challengeRiskcompensationistheideathatindividualstendtoadjusttheirbehaviorinresponsetowhattheyperceiveaschangesinthelevelofrisk.Imagine,whatwouldhappenifsafetyregulationsweretorequireallcarstobemadeofcardboard,fittedwithinefficientbrakesandwhitasharpspikeinthecenterofthesteeringcolumn;ifallroadswerepavedwithasubstancehavingthesamefrictioncoefficientasice,andifalldriverswereobligedtochangeeveryothermonthor,betteryet,iftherewerenorulesaboutwhichsideoftheroadtodriveon.Theevidencesuggeststhattherewouldbenoincrease,andpossiblyadecrease,inroadaccidentfatalities,buttherewouldbeasubstantialdecreaseintheefficiencyoftheroadtransportsystem.Itseemsthatthepotentialsafetybenefitofmostimprovementstoroadsorvehiclesisconsumedasaperformancebenefit.Asaresultofsafetyimprovementsitisnowpossibletotravelfartherandfasterwithapproximatelythesameriskofbeingkilled.    mitigate=alleviate prospectve=expected  outshone=polished initiates=originates  Transitioned=transferred mobilized=organize convictions=beliefs  ambiguity=vagueness  assets=advantages perception=impression  foster=encourage  collaborated=cooperated  fare=food  moderate=mild  far-reaching=widespread  authentic=genuine  diverse=varied  streaky=fatty  commemorate=honor  lingering=continuing  humility=modestywronged=treated unjustly insightful=perceptive  demanding of=exacting o obsessive=compulsive  commitment=fidelity  yearning=desire  possessive=jealous  disillusionment=disenchantment  myriad=numerous shape=form  establishment=setup  facet=aspect  prevalent=common  estimated=judged  claimed=stated  flourish=grow well  occasionally=sometimes  commissioned=contracted  prestigious=admired  reimburse=pay  component=part   consensus=agreement staggeringly=amazingly  collegial=cooperative  contemplation=thinking  supersede=replace  composing=creating  laureate=honored  scholarship=learning  disseminated=spread  rigor=strictnessaltruistic  无私的academia 学术届acumen  敏锐，聪明ambiguous  不明确的ambiguity 不明确apportion  分摊，分配accommodate  迎合，迁就alteration  变动，改变adept  熟练的adherent  追随者align  使，，，拍成一线antiquity  古代brink  始发点，边缘bolster  改进benchmark  基准benign  无害的，良性的catholic 广泛的，普遍的collective  集体的，共同的commemorate  纪念，庆祝collaborative  合作，协作的conviction  坚定信仰或主张call on 呼吁，号召collegial 大学的，学院的consensus 意见一致的covet 觊觎，贪求contemplation 沉思daring  鲁莽的diffusion 传播，散播deviate  背离，偏离disposition  性情，性格disciplined  受过训练，遵守纪律discernment 洞察力，敏锐disseminate 传播，散播eloquent 雄辩的，有口才的elusive  难以 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 述，难懂的expertise  专门知识endeavor  尝试，努力exquisite  精致的eccentric  怪异的，古怪的engross  感兴趣，全神贯注embryo  胚胎foremost 首要的，第一的foster 培养，促进fare  食物facet  一个方面germinal   初级阶段的mitigate  缓和减轻mobilize 争取支持，动用资源malign 有害的mandate  命令，指令myriad  无数的negotiate  顺利通过的harmonious 和睦的，融洽的humility  谦逊，谦恭illumination  阐明impair  削弱，损伤immunize 使免疫impart  传授，告知imperative 需要inaugural 就职的，开始的lingering  经久不消，laureate  获奖者lavish   过分多的long standing 长期存在的obsessive  着迷的predecessor  前辈，前任perception  看法认识prioritize  使，，，优先prospective  预期的，可能的prerequisite  先决条件，前提perverse  任性的，一意孤行precept   戒律，准则prop  支柱，支撑物proverbial   众所周知的reckless  轻率的，鲁莽的reiterate  反复的说，重申renownwd  著名的rigor  严密严谨reimburse  偿还robustness  健全稳固retard  阻碍，减缓sober 清醒的scholarly  学术性的scary  可怕的studied  深思熟虑的staggering   令人吃惊的solitary  单独独自suffuse   弥漫充满supersede  代替，取代strenuous  艰苦的，花功夫的stamina  持久力，耐力teamwork  合作，配合transition  过度，转变temperament  气质，性格tout  赞扬，吹捧underlie  成为，，，的基础utilitarian  功利的，实用的unsavory  令人厌恶的unfold 展现，逐渐呈现vulnerable 脆弱的，易受伤的