2022年暑假新高三暑假提能英语题型专练(阅读理解完形填空语法填空)Day 01(解析版)

2022年暑假新高三【暑假提能】英语题型专练（通用版）01阅读理解+完形填空+语深填空一、阅读理解1Ifyoustartasentencewith,“IfIwereyou...”orfindyourselfscratchingyourheadoveradecisionwhentheansweriscrystal-clear,there'sascientificreasonbehindit.Ourowndecision-makingabilitiescanbecomeexhaustedoverthecourseofthedaycausingindecisionorpoorchoices,butchoosingonbehalfofsomeoneelseisanenjoyabletaskthatdoesn'tsufferthesamedifficulties.“Theproblemisdecisionfatigue,apsychologicalphenomenonthatcausesharmtothequalityofyourchoicesafteralongdayofdecisionmakingJsaysEvanPolman,aleadingpsychologist.Physiciansonthejobforseveralhours,forexample,aremorelikelytoprescribeantibiotics（抗生素）topatientswhenit'sunwisetodoso."Presumablyit'sbecauseit'ssimpleandeasytowriteaprescriptionandconsiderapatientcaseclosedratherthaninvestigatefurther,Polmansays.Butdecisionfatiguegoesawaywhenyouaremakingthedecisionforsomeoneelse.Whenpeopleimaginethemselvesasadvisers,theyfeellesstiredandrelylessondecisionshortcuts."Bytakingupontheroleofadviserratherthandecisionmaker,onedoesnotsuffertheconsequencesofdecisionfatigue,hesays."Itisasifthereissomethingfunaboutmakingsomeoneelse'schoice.”"Gettinginputfromothersnotonlyoffersafreshperspectiveandthoughtprocess,itoftenalsoincludesriskierchoices.Whilethissoundsundesirable,itcanbequitegood.Whenpeopleexperiencedecisionfatigue,whentheyaretiredofmakingchoices,theyhaveatendencytochoosetogowithstatusquoJsaysPolman."Butitcanbeproblematicsinceachangeinthecourseofactioncanbeimportantandleadtoapositiveoutcome.”Toachieveasuccessfuloutcomeorreward,somelevelofriskisalmostalwaysessential,"Peoplewhoaresusceptibletodecisionfatiguewilllikelychoosetodonothingoversomething,hesays."That'snottosayriskisalwaysgood,butitisrelatedtotakingaction,whereasdecisionfatigueassuredlyleadstoinactionandthepossiblechagrin（懊恼）ofadecisionmakerwhomightotherwisepreferanewcoursebutisunfortunatelyhindered.”“Justbecauseyoucanmakegoodchoicesforothersdoesn'tmeanyou'lldothesameforyourself,Polmancautions."ResearchhasfoundthatwomennegotiatehighersalariesforothersthantheydoforthemselvesJhesays,addingthatpeopleslipinandoutofdecisionroles.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutpeoplemakingdecisions?Theytendtomakedecisionsthewaytheythinkadvantageoustothem.Theymaybecomeexhaustedmakingtoomanydecisionsforthemselves.Theyshowconsiderabledifferencesintheirdecision-makingabilities.Theyaremorecautiousinmakingdecisionsforothersthanforthemselves.Whendopeoplefeellessdecisionfatigue?Whentheytakedecisionshortcuts.Whentheyhaveadviserstoturnto.Whentheyhavemajordecisionstomake.Whentheyhelpotherstomakedecisions.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?Japaneseworkinginacompanymayfaceagreatstressfromoverwork.It'sstillnotthateasyforJapanesewomentogetouttowork.Ifyoudrinkalotofalcoholwithyourboss,youwillbefired.Japanesegovernmenthastriedtohelpmorewomentoworkinsociety.Whatdoestheauthormainlytellusinthepassage?ThepopulationofJapanhasdecreasedbecauseofitsstrongeconomy.WhatthedailylifeinJapanislike.WomeninJapanprefertostayathomeratherthanworkinsociety.EveryJapaneselivesinatightplace.【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了日本人的日常生活是什么样子的。20.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话“Thenation'sincreasinglystrictimmigrationpolicies,lowbirthrates,andagingsocietymeansthatJapan'spopulationissaidtodecreaseby500,000ayearoverthenextfewdecades,whichcouldmeanlifeinJapancoulddramaticallychange.（日本日益严格的移民政策、低出生率和老龄化社会意味着日本人口在未来几十年内每年将减少50万，这可能意味着日本的生活将发生巨大变化厂可知，日本人口减少有三个原因，严格的移民政策、低出生率和老龄化社会，所以“它是世界上最大的经济体之一”并不是日本人口减少的原因。应选C。21.句意猜想题。根据划线句子前面的内容“InJapan,morethan126millionpeoplelivein145,000squaremiles—thatmakeforprettytightlivingplaces.ManyJapanesearepackedtogetheroncrowdedsidewalksorarepushedintosubwaycarslikesardines.（在日本，超过1.26亿人居住在14.5万平方英里的土地上，这使得居住环境非常紧凑。许多日本人挤在拥挤的人行道上，或者像沙丁鱼一样被推到地铁车厢里）”可知，日本的居住环境很非常紧凑，几乎很难找到个人空间，所以划线的句子意为“日本人很难找到一个完全属于自己的地方。”应选D。.细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句话“Andbelieveitornot,partofgettingpromotedmeansdrinkingalcohol-alotofalcohol.Here,havingbeerswithyourbossmayseemanessentialwaytobuildtrustwithintheoffice.（信不信由你，晋升的一局部意味着喝酒——大量饮酒。在这里，和老板喝啤酒似乎是在办公室内建立信任的一种重要方式）”可知，晋升是需要陪老板喝酒，所以“如果你和老板喝酒过量，你会被解雇的”的描述是错误的。应选C。.主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句话“ButwhatdoesdailylifelooklikeforthosewholiveinJapantoday?（但是今天生活在日本的人们的日常生活是什么样的呢？厂以及全文可知，本文主要讲述了现在日本人的日常生活是什么样子的。应选B。7MarkZuckerberg,oneoftherichestpeopleintheworld,featuresinalonglineofuniversitydropoutswhobecamemillionairesafterfoundingtechnologycompanies-BillGatesandSteveJobsamongthem.But12yearsafterleavingHarvardtoworkonFacebookfulltime,hehasreturnedtopickuphisdegree.Zuckerbergfoundedwhatwasthencalled"TheFacebook"inhiscollegedormitoryin2004.TheservicewasatfirstlimitedonlytoHarvardstudentsbeforeexpandingtootherIvyLeagueuniversities.Hewasaskedtodeliveraspeechgiventograduatingstudents.Afterreceivingthehonor,hepostedaphotoofhimwithhisparentsEdwardandKarenZuckerberg.Duringhisspeech,Mr.Zuckerbergpraisedstudentsforfinishing“somethingInevercould”.“IfIgetthroughthisspeech,itwillbethefirsttimeIwillhaveactuallyfinishedsomethingatHarvard”.EvenafterthecompanymoveditsheadquarterstoCalifornia,ZuckerbergcontinuedtobeenrolledatHarvarduntilhedroppedoutinNovember2005.Hishonorarydegreecomes12yearslater,alittlequickerthanittookBillGates,anotherfamousHarvarddropouttogethis.Gates,wholefttofoundMicrosoftin1975,didnotreceivehishonorarydegreeuntil2007.EarlierbeforeZuckerbergcamebacktoHarvard,ForbesmagazinenamedFacebooktheworld'sfourthmostvaluablebrand.Zuckerbergistheworld'sfifth-richestperson,accordingtotheBloombergBillionairesIndex.In2010,TimemagazinenamedZuckerbergPersonoftheYearandVanityFairmagazinelistedhimamongits"top100mostinfluentialpeopleoftheinformationage”.Accordingtothepassage,itcanbeinferredthat.MarkZuckerbergleftcollegewithoutgettinghisdegreein2004.BillGatesreceivedhishonorarydegreeearlierthanZuckerberg.MarkZuckerbergreceivedhishonorarydegreein2007.BillGatessetuphisowntechnologycompanyinthecollegedormitory.ForwhomwasTheFaceBookintendedatthebeginning?StudentsinIvyLeagueuniversities.StudentsinHarvardonly.StudentsinHarvardandotherIvyLeagueuniversities.Studentsinhisdormitoryonly.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninParagraphFour?Heencouragesstudentstochallengethemselves.Heencouragesstudentstoleaveschool.Heencouragesstudentstodoanythingtheywant.Heencouragesstudentstodosomethingeasy.Theunderlinedword“dropouts”inthefirstparagraphrefersto.peoplewhogotofamousuniversitiespeoplewhohavetheirowncompaniespeoplewhodon'tfinishschoolorcollegepeoplewhoaren'tadmittedtouniversities【答案与解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Facebook创始人马克・扎克伯格在离开哈佛全职从事Facebook工作12年后，最终获得了荣誉学位的经历。文章还讲述了他在工作期间所获得的成就。.推理判断题。根据第六段“EvenafterthecompanymoveditsheadquarterstoCalifornia,ZuckerbergcontinuedtobeenrolledatHarvarduntilhedroppedoutinNovember2005.(即使在该公司将总部迁至加利福尼亚州后，扎克伯格仍继续在哈佛就读，直到2005年11月他退学户以及第七段“Hishonorarydegreecomes12yearslater,alittlequickerthanittookBillGates,anotherfamousHarvarddropouttogethis.Gates,wholefttofoundMicrosoftin1975,didnotreceivehishonorarydegreeuntil2007.(12年后,他获得了荣誉学位，这比另一位著名的哈佛辍学学生比尔・盖茨获得荣誉学位的速度要快一些。盖茨于1975年离开微软创立微软，直到2007年才获得荣誉学位。户可知，盖茨在2007年获得荣誉学位，而马克・扎克伯格是在2017年获得的荣誉学位，由此可推知，比尔盖茨比扎克伯格更早获得荣誉学位。应选B。.细节理解题。根据第三段"Zuckerbergfoundedwhatwasthencalled"TheFacebook”inhiscollegedormitoryin2004.TheservicewasatfirstlimitedonlytoHarvardstudentsbeforeexpandingtootherIvyLeagueuniversities.（2004年，扎克伯格在他的大学宿舍创立了当时被称为“脸书”的网站。这项服务最初仅限于哈佛学生，后来扩展到其他常春藤联盟大学广可知，Facebook一开始是为哈佛学生准备的。应选B。.句意猜想题。根据第六段“"IfIgetthroughthisspeech,itwillbethefirsttimeIwillhaveactuallyfinishedsomethingatHarvard”.（“如果我完成了这次演讲，这将是我第一次在哈佛真正完成一些事情》可知，扎克伯格认为在哈佛大学完成演讲就是完成了以前没有做过的事情，所以划线的句子“somethingInevercould”的意思是他鼓励学生挑战自我，做一些自己没做过的事情。应选A。.词义猜想题。根据第二段“But12yearsafterleavingHarvardtoworkonFacebookfulltime,hehasreturnedtopickuphisdegree.（但在离开哈佛全职从事Facebook工作12年后，他又回来拿他的学位）”可知，马克・扎克伯格并没有在上哈佛期间完成学业，而是中途退学了。所以dropout的意思为“没有完成学业或大学学业的人”。应选C。8In2009,biologistCharlesAndersonputforwardanassumptionthatglobeskimmerdragonflies（蜻蜓）ontheMaldiveshadflowninfromwhatheassumedwasIndia.Whentheyflewoffagain,itwastowardsEastAfrica.12yearslater,agroupofresearchersdecidedtoinvestigatehisclaim.Globeskimmerdragonfliesaretoosmalltobefittedwithelectronicdevices.Instead,theresearchersexamineditsphysicalaspectsandcalculatedhowlongaglobeskimmerdragonflycouldstayintheairusingtheenergythatcanbestoredinitsbody.Inaddition,theresearchersusedwindmodelstodetermineiftherearewindsthatfacilitatethemigrationinbothdirections.“OurstudyshowsthatthismigrationfromIndiatoEastAfricaisactuallypossible.However,theglobeskimmerdragonflycan'tmanageitusingonlythefatinitsbody.Italsorequiresfavorablewindsandthesearepresentduringcertainperiodsoftheyear,“saysJohannaHedlund,abiologyresearcheratLundUniversity.Accordingtothemigrationexperimentsusingwindmodels,about15percentofthedragonfliescouldmanagethemigrationfromIndiatoAfricainthespring.Intheautumn,40percentcouldmakethesamejourneyintheoppositedirection.JohannaHedlundandhercolleaguesconsideritimpressivethatdragonfliescandothisatall.EvenmoreimpressiveisthefactthattheglobeskimmerdragonflymigrationacrosstheIndianOceanisthelongestintheanimalkingdominrelationtoananimal'ssize.Otheranimalsalsorelyonfavorablewindconditionswhentheymigrate.TwoexamplesaretheamurfalconandtheJacobincuckoo,whichalsoflyacrosstheIndianOcean.Theresearcherswarnthatclimatechangemayaffectthechancesofthesebirdsandtheglobeskimmerdragonflyinthefuture.Thereisariskthatwindpatternswillchangewhenthewatersurfacegetswarmer.Howdotheresearchersmainlyprovetheirassumption?A.Byfittingelectronicdevices.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byperformingexperiments.D.Bymakingcomparisons.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?Thedragonflyfliesusingthefatinitsbody.15percentofthedragonfliesleftAfricaforAfrica.Thedragonflyfliesthelongestintheanimalworld.CharlesAndersonspotteddragonfliesflyingtoIndia.Whyaretwoexamplesmentionedinthelastparagraph?Toillustratehowtheanimalsfly.Towarnpeopleoftheclimatechange.Toevidencethatwatersurfacegetswanner.Toshowtheinfluenceofwindonthemigration.31.What'smainideaofthetext?Windconditionsarecrucialtodragonflies.Climatechangemayaffectanimals,migration.DragonfliescanmigrateacrosstheIndianOcean.Johannaandhercolleaguesinvestigatedragonflies.【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，研究说明蜻蜓可以利用风完成跨越印度洋的迁徙。.细节理解题。才艮据第三段中“Accordingtothemigrationexperimentsusingwindmodels,about15percentofthedragonfliescouldmanagethemigrationfromIndiatoAfricainthespring.（根据利用风模型进行的迁徙实验，大约15%的蜻蜓能够在春天完成从印度到非洲的迁徙。户可知，研究人员主要是通过实验来证明他们的假设的。应选C项。.推理判断题。根据第三段中“However,theglobeskimmerdragonflycan'tmanageitusingonlythefatinitsbody.Italsorequiresfavorablewindsandthesearepresentduringcertainperiodsoftheyear.（然而，全球掠食蜻蜓无法仅靠体内的脂肪来解决这个问题。它还需要有利的风，而这种风在一年中的某些时候会出现。厂可知，这种蜻蜓在飞行中会依靠体内的脂肪来完成迁徙。应选A项。.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Otheranimalsalsorelyonfavorablewindconditionswhentheymigrate.TwoexamplesaretheamurfalconandtheJacobincuckoo,whichalsoflyacrosstheIndianOcean.（其他动物在迁徙时也依赖有利的风力条件。两个例子是阿穆尔猎鹰和雅各宾杜鹃，它们也飞越印度洋。广可知，本段提到了两个例子是为了展示风对迁徙的影响。应选D项。.主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第三段中“OurstudyshowsthatthismigrationfromIndiatoEastAfricaisactuallypossible.（我们的研究说明,这种从印度到东非的迁徙实际上是可能的。）”和“Accordingtothemigrationexperimentsusingwindmodels,about15percentofthedragonfliescouldmanagethemigrationfromIndiatoAfricainthespring.（根据利用风模型进行的迁徙实验，大约15%的蜻蜓能够在春天完成从印度到非洲的迁徙。）”以及第四段中“EvenmoreimpressiveisthefactthattheglobeskimmerdragonflymigrationacrosstheIndianOceanisthelongestintheanimalkingdominrelationtoananimal'ssize.（更令人Epi象深亥1J的事实是，全球蜻蜓跨越印度洋的迁徙是动物王国中最长的，相对于动物的大小。广可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究，研究说明蜻蜓可以利用风完成跨越印度洋的迁徙。应选C项。二、七选五1Humanbodieswereactuallydesignedforwalking,awonderfulformofexerciseatnocost.It'skindtoourbodiesandgreatforourwaistlines.32Probablyyoualreadylovetowalk,butyou'regettingboredoftracingthesameoldroutedayafterday,ormaybeyou9renewtowalkingandaren'tsurehowtogetstarted.33Askyourself,whatdoyouwanttogetoutofwalkingasidefromthehealthbenefits?Doyouwanttomeetotherpeople?Seenewplaces?Getoutintothecountrysideorexploreanewcity?Knowingyourgoalswillhelpyoudecideonthetypeofwalkyouwanttodo.Callupyourfriendsandschedulewalkswiththemifsocializingisyouraim.34Manymallshavegroupsthatcomeeveryday,oreveryweekend,to“walkthemall”.Thesegroupsarealwayshappytoincludeonemorewalker!35Manylargecitieshaveincrediblegardensandparksthatincludequietwalkingtrailsgettingyouoffthebeatenpath.ThankstotheRailstoTrailsprogram,railwaysacrossthecountryarebeingtransformedintoscenicwalkingpathsthatareaperfectwaytoseekcalmness.Fromthebenefitstoyourhearttoyouroverallhappiness,walkingisjustplaingoodforyou.36It'safantasticwaytogettoknowaplacebythepowerofyourowntwofeet.A.Thismonth,pickupamapandstartwalking.Askyourfriendswheretheyliketowalkandjustgothere.Youmayaswellconsiderheadingtoanewcityforachange.Eitherway,ifstimetoaccepttheideaofwalkingwithapurpose.Recently,sciencehasprovedthatwalkingisgoodforyourbodyshape.Andbestofall,it'sagreatwaytoseenewthingsandmeetnewpeople!Ifyou'reafterwalkingalone,askaboutlocalhikesthatgetyouawayfromthecrowd.【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了散步对人的一些好处以及如何选择散步路线的建议。.根据前文“It'skindtoourbodiesandgreatforourwaistlines.（这对我们的身体很好，对我们的腰围也很好广可知，此处是讲散步的好处，所以选项F“最重要的是，这是看到新事物和认识新朋友的好方法！”切合文意。应选F。.根据前文“Probablyyoualreadylovetowalk,butyou'regettingboredoftracingthesameoldroutedayafterday,ormaybeyou'renewtowalkingandaren'tsurehowtogetstarted.（也许你已经喜欢散步了，但是你已经厌倦了日复一日走同样的路线，或者也许你是步行新手，不知道如何开始）“可知，此处是讲你可能已经厌倦了日复一日同样的路线，或者不知道如何开始，是时候尝试新的做法了。再根据后文“Knowingyourgoalswillhelpyoudecideonthetypeofwalkyouwanttodo.（知道你的目标将帮助你决定你想要走的类型）”可知，此处提到了要有自己的目标。所以选项D“不管怎样，是时候接受带着目标散步的想法了。”能够承上启下,切合文意。应选D。.根据前文“Callupyourfriendsandschedulewalkswiththemifsocializingisyouraim.（如果社交是你的目标，打给你的朋友，和他们一起安排散步厂可知，此处是指和朋友商议散步路线，所以选项B“问问你的朋友他们喜欢在哪里散步，就去那里。”切合文意。应选B。.根据后文“Manylargecitieshaveincrediblegardensandparksthatincludequietwalkingtrailsgettingyouoffthebeatenpath.（许多大城市都有极好的花园和公园，其中有安静的步道，让你远离常走的路）”可知，此处是指喜欢安静地单独散步，所以选项G“如果你是一个人散步，问一下当地能让你远离人群的徒步旅行。”切合文意。应选G。.根据后文"It'safantasticwaytogettoknowaplacebythepowerofyourowntwofeet.（通过自己的双脚来了解一个地方是一种很好的方式户可知，此处是号召人们开始散步，所以选项A“这个月，拿起一张地图，开始散步。”切合文意。应选A。2My,whatabigbeakyouhave!Forhumans,adaptingtoclimatechangewillmostlybeamatteroftechnology.Moreairconditioning,better-designedhousesandbiggerflooddefensesmayhelptomaketheeffectsofawarmerworldlessharmful.InapaperpublishedinTrends&Evolution,ateamledbySaraRyding,aPhDcandidateatDeakinUniversity,showsthatisalreadyhappening.Climatechangeisalreadyalteringthebodiesofmanyanimalspecies,givingthembiggerbeaks（喙），legsandears.InsomespeciesofAustralianparrot,forinstance,beaksizehasincreasedbybetween4%and10%since1871.Anotherstudy,thistimeinNorthAmericandark-eyedjuncos,anotherbird,foundthesamepattern.38Allthatisperfectlyconsistentwithevolutionarytheory."Allen'srule”,namedforJoelAsaphAllen,whosuggesteditin1877,holdsthatwarm-bloodedanimalsinhotplacestendtohavelargerbodypartsthanthoseintemperate（温带的）regions.39Beingrichlyfilledwithbloodvessels,andnotcoveredbyfeathers,beaksmakeanidealplaceforbirdstogetridofheat.Fennecfoxes,meanwhile,whicharenativetotheSaharaDesert,havestrikinglylargeears,especiallycomparedwiththeirArcticcousins.Ms.Rydingisnotthefirstresearchertotakethatapproach.Butitishard,whendealingwithindividualspecies,toprovethatclimatechangewasthecauseofananatomical（解剖学的）changes.Allsortsofotherfactors,fromchangesinpreytotheevolvingreproductivepreferencesofmalesorfemales,mighthavebeendrivingthechanges.40Theteamcombineddatafromdifferentspeciesindifferentplaces.Sincetheyhavelittleincommonapartfromlivingonawarmingplanet,climatechangeisthemostreasonableexplanation.41Thatmaychangeaswarmingaccelerates.Sinceanyevolutionaryadaptationcomeswithtrade-offs（妥协），itisunclearhowfartheprocessmightgo.Biggerbeaksmightmakefeedingharder,forinstance.Largerwingsareheavier,andbiggerlegscostmoreenergytogrow.However,lookingatthebiggerpicturemakesthepatternclearer.Fornow,atleast,theincreaseissmall,nevermuchmorethan10%.Animalswillhavetorelyonchangingtheirbodiesortheirbehaviors.Itseemsthatthefutureworldisgoingtobehotterthanhumansareusedto.Therefore,thenegativeeffectsofawarmerworldarevisibleintheseanimals9bodies.Suchadaptationsboostananimal'ssurfacearearelativetoitsbody,helpingittoreleaseextraheat.Similartrendsareseeninmammals,withspeciesofmiceandbatsevolvingbiggerears,legsandwings.【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了地球变暖正在改变动物的外貌，如嘴巴变大。.根据上文“Forhumans,adaptingtoclimatechangewillmostlybeamatteroftechnology.Moreairconditioning,better-designedhousesandbiggerflooddefensesmayhelpmitigatetheeffectsofawarmworld.（对人类来说，适应气候变化将主要是技术问题。更多的空调、更好设计的房屋和更大的防洪系统可能有助于缓解全球变暖的影响）”可知，人类依靠的是科学技术来适应气候变化。选项C”动物将不得不依靠改变它们的身体或行为（去适应）。”承接上文，说明和人类不同，动物要适应气候变化就只能依靠它们的身体和行为。从而引出下文对于动物适应气候变化发生的变化的讲述，上下文通顺合理。应选C项。.空处位于段末应承接上文。上文“InsomespeciesofAustralianparrot,fbrinstance,beaksizehasincreasedbybetween4%and10%since1871.Anotherstudy,thistimeinNorthAmericandark-eyedjuncos,anotherbird,foundthesamepattern.（例如，在一些澳大利亚鹦鹉中，自1871年以来，喙的大小增加了4%到10%。另一项研究，这次是在另一种鸟类北美黑眼鹦鹉中，发现了同样的模式）”列举了一些动物因为天气变暖，喙变大的例子。由此推知，空处承接上文，继续举例。选项G“哺乳动物也有类似的趋势，老鼠、嗣鼠青和蝙蝠进化出更大的耳朵、尾巴、腿和翅膀”符合语境，是动物应对天气变化外貌发生变化的例子。应选G项。.根据上文“'Allen'srule',namedforJoelAsaphAllen,whosuggesteditin1877,holdsthatwarm-blooded-animalsinhotplacestendtohavelargerappendages（附属物）thanthoseinlesshotregions.（“艾伦法贝/是以JoelAsaphAllen的名字命名的，他在1877年提出了这一法那么，认为在炎热地区的温血动物往往比在不那么炎热地区的动物有更大的附属物厂可知，炎热地区的温血动物往往长有更大的附属物，这是动物对气候的一种适应，选项F“这种适应性增加了动物相对于其身体体积的外 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 积，帮助它释放多余的热量。”解释了这种现象的产生原因。下文“Beingrichlyfilledwithbloodvessels,andnotcoveredbyfeathers,beaksmakeanidealplaceforbirdstogetridofheat.Fennecfoxes,meanwhile,whicharenativetotheSaharaDesert,havestrikinglylargeears,especiallycomparedwiththeirArcticcousins.（喙拥有丰富的血管，没有绝缘羽毛覆盖，是鸟类散热的理想场所。又比方，与它们的北极近亲相比，原产于撒哈拉沙漠的芬内克狐狸有着惊人的大耳朵）”举例说明动物的这种适应性。上下文通顺合理。应选F项。.根据下文“Theteamcombineddatafromdifferentspeciesindifferentplaces.（她的团队综合了来自不同地方不同物种的数据广可知，团队综合了更多地方的数据，选项A“然而，从更大的角度来看，形式更清晰。”说明观察更多会更清楚地看到这种模式，符合语境，上下文通顺合理。应选A项。.根据下文“Thatmaychangeaswarmingaccelerates.Sinceanyevolutionaryadaptationcomeswithtrade-offs（妥协'）,itisunclearhowfartheprocessmightgo.（随着气候变暖的加速，这种情况可能会改变。由于任何进化适应都会进行利弊权衡，因此尚不清楚这一过程会走多远）“可知，未来这种情况的变化，that指代上文提到的情况，选项B“至少就目前而言，增幅很小，从未超过10%。”说明现在的变化情况，上下文合理通顺，下文预测这种情况的开展,，且下文中的“Thatmaychange”指代选项B中的增长。应选B项。三、完形填空1Nearmyhouseisalibrary.Asanenthusiasticreader,theideatobesurroundedbybooksitselfis42.SoIvolunteeredto43it,managingbooks.ButneverhadIrealizedreadinghadsuch44untilImetanoldlady.OnedayIwasarrangingbookswhenIheardalady45somethingattheinformationdesk,whereIwenttogive46,Shewasinher70swithabeautifulsmile.Aftercommunication,Iwas47thatshecametotakethemembership.Withoutfamily,shehad48herhouseandsettledinanursinghome,livingoff49theinterestfromhersavingsaccount.Herloveofreading,evenatsuchanage,never50.Herconfidence,whenevershe51reading,livenedherup.Themembershipwas52forher,soIexplainedthefee.Shedidn'thesitatetoopenherpurseand53fortheamount.Noticingher54look,Iofferedtopayforherbutsheinsisted,"Tilcomeandpaytomorrow.^^Ifailedto55her.Thenextdayshereturned,paidupandgothermembershipcard.WhenItookherintotheworldofbooks,hereyesshonewithexcitement.Shebecamearegularvisitor,oneI'd56everyfewdays.Nowhercutesmileinmymindstillremindsmeofthemagicofreading.A.appealingA.rewardA.possibilityA.approvingofA.assistanceA.amusedA.donatedA.barelyA.beganA.consideredA.costlyA.arrangeA.confusedA.declineA.expectB.creativeB.joinB.powerB.givingawayB.attentionB.concernedB.mendedB.purposefullyB.continuedB.practicedB.informalB.checkB.gratefulB.convinceinterviewaccurateC.sponsorC.hardshipC.inquiringaboutC.resultsC.relievedC.purchasedC.merelyC.deepenedC.mentionedC.unreasonableC.askC.uneasyC.impressquestionunbelievableD.visitD.valueD.showingoffD.regardsD.surprisedD.soldD.secretlyD.lessenedD.recommendedD.riskyD.prayD.considerateD.satisfyD.recognize【答案与解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在图书馆遇到了一位热爱阅读的女士，作者意识到了阅读的力量。.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个热情的读者，被书包围的想法本身就是有吸引力的。A.appealing有吸引力的；B.creative创造性的；C.accurate精确的；D.unbelievable难以置信的。根据下文“SoIvolunteeredto2it,managingbooks.”可知，作者认为被书包围是有吸引力的。应选A项。.考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我自愿加入那里，管理书籍。A.reward奖励；B.join加入；C.sponsor赞助;D.visit参观。根据下文“managingbooks”可知,作者自愿加入，去管理书籍。应选B项。.考查名词词义辨析工句意：但直到我遇到一位年长的女士，我才意识到阅读有如此强大的力量。A.possibility可能性;B.power力量；C.hardship困难;D.value价值。根据下文“Herconfidence,whenevershe10reading,livenedherup.”可知，此处表示遇到年长的女士之后，作者意识到阅读的力量。应选B项。.考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天，我正在整理书籍，突然听到一位女士在问讯处询问一些事情，我去问讯处提供帮助。A.approvingof赞成;B.givingaway赠送；C.inquiringabout询问；D.showingoff炫耀。根据下文“somethingattheinformationdesk”可知，一位女士在问询处询问一些事情。应选C项。.考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，我正在整理书籍，突然听到一位女士在问讯处询问一些事情，然后我去问讯处提供帮助。A.assistance帮助；B.attention注意；C.results结果；