2015职称英语补全短文练习十篇

2015年职称英语补全短文练习（一）WhatWeTakefromandGivetotheSeaAslongaswehavebeenonearth,wehaveusedtheseaaroundus.Wetakefromtheocean,andwegivetoit.Wetakefishesfromtheocean--millionsofkilogramsoffish,everyyear,tofeedmillionsofpeople.(1)Wetakemineralsfromtheocean.Onewaytogetsaltistoplaceseawaterinashallowbasinandleaveituntilitevaporates.(2)Muchgoldandsilverdriftdissolvedinthewatersofthesea,too1.Buttheseadoesnotgivethemupbysimpleevaporation.Othergiftsfromtheseaarepearls,spongesandseaweed.Pearlsbecomejewelry.(3)Seaweedbecomesfoodofmanykinds-evencandy,andicecream—aswellasmedicine.Believeitornot,freshwaterisanothergiftfromthesea.Wecannotdrinkoceanwater.(4)Butoceanwaterbecomesfreshwaterwhenthesaltsareremoved.Inthefuture，wewillfindourselvesdependingmoreandmoreonfreshwaterfromthesea.Theseagivesusfood,fertilizer,minerals,water,andothergifts.Whatdowegivethesea?Garbage.(5)Hugeasitis,theoceancannotholdallthewaterthatwepourintoit.Dumpinggarbageintotheoceaniskillingoffsealife2.Yetastheworldpopulationgrows,wemayneedtheseaanditsgiftsmorethanever.Wearefinallylearningthatifwedestroyourseas,wemightalsodestroyourselves.Hopefully,itisnottoolate.ANaturalspongesbecomecleaningaids.BWepollutetheoceanwhenweuseitasagarbagedump.CTheareaoftheseaisbecomingsmallerandsmaller.DAlongwithsalt,othermineralsareleftafterevaporation.EWeevenusetheirbonesforfertilizer.FSomeofitscontentsmaycauseillness.（二）TeamworkinTourismGrowingcooperationamongbranchesoftourismhasprovedvaluabletoallconcerned.Governmentbureaus，tradeandtravelassociations,carriersandpropertiesareallworkingtogethertobringaboutoptimum3conditionsfortravelers.(1)Theyhaveknowledgeofallareasandallcarrierservices，andtheyareexpertsinorganizingdifferenttypesoftoursandinpreparingeffectiveadvertisingcampaigns.Theydistributematerialstoagencies,suchasjournals,brochuresandadvertisingprojects.⑵Touristcounselorsgivevaluableseminarstoacquaintagentswithnewprogramsandtechniquesinselling.(3)Propertiesandagenciesworkcloselytogethertomakethemostsuitablecontracts，consideringboththecomfortoftheclientsandtheirownprofitablefinancialarrangement.(4)(5)Carriersaredependentuponagenciestosupplypassengers，andagenciesaredependentuponcarrierstopresentthemwithmarketabletours.Allservicesmustworktogetherforgreaterefficiency,fairpricingandcontentedcustomers.练习：AThesameconfidenceexistsbetweenagenciesandcarriers，includingcar-rentalandsight-seeingservices.BTheyofferfamiliarizationandworkshoptourssothatinashorttimeagentscanobtainfirst-handknowledgeofthetours.CTraveloperators,specialistsinthefieldofplanning,sponsorextensiveresearchprograms.DAsaresultofteamwork,tourismisflouringinallcountries.EAgenciesrelyuponthegoodservicesofhotels,and,conversely,hotelsrelyuponagencies,tofulfilltheircontractsandtosendthemclients.FInthiswayagentslearntoexplaindestinationsandtosuggestdifferentmodesandcombinationsoftravel-planes，ships，trains，motorcoaches,car-rentals，andevencarpurchases.（三）FinancialRisksSeveraltypesoffinancialriskareencounteredininternationalmarketing;themajorproblemsincludecommercial,political,andforeignexchangerisk.(1)Theyincludesolvency,default,orrefusaltopaybills.Themajorrisk,however,iscompetitionwhichcanonlybedealtwiththroughconsistentlyeffectivemanagementandmarketing.(2)Suchriskisencounteredwhenacontroversyarisesaboutthequalityofgoodsdelivered,adisputeovercontractterms,oranyotherdisagreementoverwhichpaymentiswithheld.Onecompany，forexample，shippedseveralhundredtonsofdehydratedpotatoestoadistributorinGermany.(3)Thealternativesfortheexporterwerereducingtheprice,resellingthepotatoes,orshippingthemhomeagain,eachinvolvingconsiderablecost.Politicalriskrelatesto2theproblemsofwarorrevolution,currencyinconvertibility3,expropriationorexpulsion,andrestrictionorcancellationofimportlicenses.(4)Managementinformationsystemsand—effectivedecision-makingprocessesarethebestdefensesagainstpoliticalrisk.Asmanycompanieshavediscovered,sometimesthereisnowaytoavoidpoliticalrisk4，somarketersmustbepreparedtoassumethemorgiveupdoingbusinessinaparticularmarket.Exchange-ratefluctuationsinevitablycauseproblems,butformanyyears，mostfirmscouldtakeprotectiveactiontominimizetheirunfavorableeffects5.(5)InternationalBusinessMachineCorporation,forexample,reportedthatexchangelossesresultedinadramatic21.6percentdropintheirearningsinthethirdquarterof1981.Beforerateswerepermittedtofloat,devaluationsofmajorcurrencieswereinfrequentandusuallycouldbeanticipated,butexchange-ratefluctuationsinthefloatsystemaredailyaffairs.APoliticalriskisanenvironmentalconcernforallbusinesses.BOneuniqueriskencounteredbytheinternationalmarketerinvolvesfinancialadjustments.CCommercialrisksarehandledessentiallyasnormalcreditrisksencounteredinday-to-daybusiness.1DThedistributortestedtheshipmentanddeclaredittobebelowacceptabletasteandtexturestandards.EFloatingexchangeratesoftheworld'smajorcurrencieshaveforcedallmarketerstobeespeciallyawareofexchange-ratefluctuationsandtheneedtocompensateforthemintheirfinancialplanning.FManyinternationalmarketersgobankrupteachyearbecauseofexchange-ratefluctuation.（四）　DevelopmentinNewspaperOrganization　　Oneofthemostimportantdevelopmentsinnewspaperorganizationduringthefirstpartofthetwentiethcentury______(1)_______,whichareknownaswireservices.Wire-servicecompaniesemployedreporters,whocoveredstoriesallovertheworld.Theirnewsreportsweresenttopapersthroughoutthecountrybytelegraph.Thepaperspaidanannualfeeforthisservice.Wireservicescontinue_______(2)________.TodaythemajorwireservicesaretheAssociatedPress(AP)andUnitedPressInternational(UPI).YouwillfrequentlyfindAPorUPIatthebeginningofanewsstory.　　Newspaperchainsandmergersbegantoappearintheearly1900s.Achainconsistsoftwoormorenewspapers_______(3)______.Amergerinvolvescombiningtwoormorepapersintoone.Duringthenineteenthcenturymanycitieshadmorethanonecompetitiveindependentpaper.Todayinmostcitiesthereareonlyoneortwonewspapers,and_______(4)______.Oftennewspapersinseveralcitiesbelongtoonechain.Papershavecombined________(5)_______.Chainsandmergershavecutdownproductioncostsandbroughttheadvantagesofbig-businessmethodstothenewspaperindustry.　　A.toplayanimportantroleinnewspaperoperations 　　B.wasthegrowthoftelegraphservices　　C.andtheyusuallyenjoygreatprestige　　D.theyareusuallyoperatedbyasingleowner　　E.inordertosurviveunderthepressureofrisingcosts　　F.ownedbyasinglepersonororganization　　（五）Bedwetting(尿床)　　Millionsofkidsandteenagersfromeverypartoftheworldwetthebedeverysinglenight.It’ssocommonthatthereareprobablyotherkidsinyourclasswhodoit.Mostkidsdon’ttelltheirfriends,soit’seasytofeelkindofalone,likeyoumightbetheonlyoneonthewholeplanetwhowetsthebed.___1___.　　Thefancynameforbedwettingisnocturnalenuresis.Enuresisrunsinfamilies.Thismeansthatifyouurinate,orpee,whileyouareasleep,there’sagoodchancethatacloserelativealsodiditwhenheorshewasakid.__2__.　　Themostimportantthingtorememberisthatnoonewetsthebedonpurpose.Itdoesn’tmeanthatyou’relazyoraslob.__3__.Forsomereason,kidswhowetthebedarenotabletofeelthattheirbladdersisfullanddon’twakeuptopeeinthetoilet.Sometimesakidwhowetsthebedwillhavearealisticdreamthathe’sinthebathroompeeing–onlytowakeuplateranddiscoverhe’sallwet.Maykidswhowetthebedareverydeepsleepers.___4___.　　Somekidswhowetthebeddoiteverysinglenight.Otherswetsomenightsandaredryonothers.Alotofkidssaythattheyseemtobedrierwhentheysleepatafriend’sorarelative’shouse.__5__.Sothebrainmaybethinking,“Hey,Don’twetsomeoneelse’sbed!”Thiscanhelpyoustaydryifyou’renotawareofit.　　A.Thegoodnewsisthatalmostallkidswhowetthebedeventuallystop.　　B.Tryingtowakeupsomeonewhowetsthebedisoftenliketryingtowakealog—theyjuststayasleep.　　C.It’ssomethingyoucan’thelpdoing.　　D.justlikeyoumayhaveinheritedyourmom’sblueeyesoryouruncles’longlegs,youprobablyinheritedbedwetting,too.　　E.That’sbecausekidswhoareanxiousaboutwettingthebedmaynosleepmuchoronlyverylightly.　　F.Butyouarenotalone.(六)Mostpeopleknowthatcigarettesmokingisharmfultotheirhealth.Scientificresearchshowsthatitcausesmanykindsofdiseases.Infact,manypeoplewhosmokegetlungcancelHowever,EdwardGilsonhaslungcancer,andhehasneversmokedcigarettes.Heliveswithhiswife,Evelyn,whohassmokedaboutapackofcigarettesadaythroughouttheirmarriage.__________.(46)　　NooneknowsforsurewhyMr.Gilsonhaslungcancer.Nevertheless,doctorsbelievethatsecondhandsmokemaycauselungcancerinpeoplewhodonotsmokebecausenonsmokersoftenbreatheinthesmoke.fromotherpeople’scigarettes.__________(47)TheUSEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyreportsthatabout53,000peopledieintheUnitedStateseachyearasaresultofexposuretosecondhandsmoke.　　Thesmokethatcomesfromalitcigarettecontainsmanydifferentpoisonouschemicals.Inthepast.scientistsdidnot也inkthatthesechemicalscouldharmanonsmoker’shealth.__________(48)Theydiscoveredthatevennonsmokershadunhealthyamountsofthesetoxic(有毒的)chemicalsintheirbodies.Asamatteroffact,almostallofUSbreathetobaccosmokeattimes,whetherwerealizeitornot.Forexample,wecannotavoidsecondhandsmokeinrestaurants,hotelsandotherpublicplaces.Eventhoughmanypublicplaceshavenonsmokingareas,smokeflowsinfromtheareaswheresmokingispermitted.ItiSevenharderforchildrentoavoidsecondhandsmoke.__________(49)Researchshowsthatchildrenwhoareexposedtosecondhandsmokearesickmoreoftenthanchildrenwholiveinhomeswherenoonesmokesandthatthechildrenofsmokersaremorethantwiceaslikelytodeveloplungcancerwhentheyareadultsasarechildrenofnonsmokers.Theriskisevenhigherforchildrenwholiveinhomeswherebothparentssmoke　　Peoplearebecomingveryawareofthedangersofsecondhandsmoke.__________(50)　　ARecently,though,scientistschangedtheiropinionaftertheystudiedalargegroupofnonsmokers.　　BTheGilsonshavebeenmarriedfor35years.　　C111issmokeiscalledsecondhandsmoke.　　DHowever,secondhandsmokeisdangeroustoallpeople,oldoryoung.　　EAsaresult,theyhavepassedlawswhichprohibitpeoplefromsmokinginmanypublicplaces..FIntheUnitedStates,ninemillionchildrenundertheageoffiveliveinhomeswithatleastonesmoker.（七）CaribbeanIslands　　WhatwouldyouSeeifyoutookacruisetotheCartbbeanIslands?Palmtreesandcoconuts(椰子)?Whitebeachesandclear，blueocean?Colorfulcorals(珊瑚)andevenmorecolorfulfishesandbirds?　　YoubetTherearethousandsofislandsintheCaribbeanSea.Theyarefamousfortheirwarm，tropicalclimateandgreatnaturalbeauty.　　TheCaribbeanIslandsformachainthatseparatestheCaribbeanSeafromtherestofmeAtlanticOcean，Someoftheislandswereformedbytheeruption(爆发)ofancientvolcanoes(火山)______(46)　　TheCaribbeanIslandsareknownbyseveralnames._____(47)TheexplorerChristopherColumbuscalledtheislandstheIndiesin1492becausehethoughthewasnearthecoastofIndia.Later,SpainandFrancecalledtheislandstheAntilles.TherearefourlargeislandsintheCaribbeanSea_______(48)ThesefourislandsareoftencalledtheGreaterAntillesTogether,theyaccountforabout90percentofthelandareaoftheCaribbeanIslands　　TherestoftheCaribbeanIslandsaremuchsmaller.Someoftheseislandsarenomorethantinyslivers(小片)ofexposedcoral.Youcanseewhypirates(海盗)suchasthefamousBlackbeardsatledthesewaters._____(49)　　TheweatheroftheCaribbeanSeaisalmostalwayswarmandsunnySandybeacheslinethecoastsofmanyislands.Thisiswhymillionsoftouristsvisittheislandseachyear______(50)　　ABut1ifeOiltheCaribbeanIslandsiSnotalwayspainful.　　BTheearliestnameusedbyEuropeansistheIndies，laterchangedtotheWestIndies.　　COthersarelow-lyingcoralislandsthatgraduallyrosefromtheocean　　DTheyareCuba，PuertoRico，Jamaica，andHispaniola.　　EManytouristsarriveoncruiseships.　　FTherearecountlesssmallislandstoburytreasureorhideon.　（八）AHeroicWomanThewholeoftheUnitedStatescheereditslatesthero,AshleySmith,withtheFederalBureauofInvestigationsayingitwasplanningtogiveabigrewardtoherforhavingabraveheartandwisemind.(46)ShewasmovingintoherapartmentinAtlanta,GeorgiaearlyonthemorningofMarch12,whenamanfollowedhertoherdoorandputaguntoherside.“Istartedwalkingtomydoor,andIfeltreally,reallyafraid,”shesaidinaTVinterviewlastweek.ThemanwasBrianNichols,33.HewassuspectedofkillingthreepeopleatanAtlantacourthouse(法院)onMarch11andlaterofkillingafederalagent.(47)NicholstiedSmithupwithtape,butreleasedheraftersherepeatedlybeggedhimnottotakeherlife.“Itoldhimifhehurtme,mylittlegirlwouldn’thaveamummy,”shesaid.Inordertocalmthemandown,shereadtohimfrom“ThePurpose-DrivenLife”,abest-sellingreligiousbook.Heaskedhertorepeataparagraph“aboutwhatyouthoughtyourpurposeinlifewas-whattalentswereyougiven.”(48)“Ibasicallyjusttalkedtohimandtriedtogainhistrust,”Smithsaid.SmithsaidsheaskedNicholswhyhechoseher.“HesaidhethoughtIwasanangelsentfromGod,andwewereChristiansisterandbrother,”shesaid.“Andthathewaslost,andthatGodledhimtometotellhimthathehadhurtalotofpeople.”(49)ShesaidNicholswassurprisedwhenshemadehimbreakfastandthatthetwoofthemwatchedtelevisioncoverage(报道)ofthepolicehuntforhim.“Icannotbelievethat’sme,”Nicholstoldthewoman.Then,NicholsaskedSmithwhatshethoughtheshoulddo.Shesaid,“Ithinkyoushouldturnyourselfin.Ifyoudon’t,lotsmorepeoplearegoingtogethurt.”Eventually,helethergo.(50)AUS$60,000rewardhadbeenpostedforNichols’capture.AuthoritiessaidtheydidnotyetknowifSmithwouldbeeligible(有资格的)forthatmoney.AThelocalpoliceweresearchingforhim.BSmithisa26-year-oldsinglemotherwithadaughter.CSmithtriedveryhardtokillNichols.DSheevencookedbreakfastforthemanbeforeheallowedhertoleave.EAndthetwoofthemdiscussedthistopic.FThenshecalledthepolice.（九）YouNeedCourage!　　ShortlyafterIbeganacareerinbusiness,IlearnedthatCarlWeatherup,presidentofPepsiCo(百事可乐公司),wasspeakingattheUniversityofColorado.Itrackeddownthepersonhandlinghisscheduleandmanagedtogetmyselfanappointment..(46)　　SothereIwassittingoutsidetheuniversity'sauditorium,waitingforthepresidentofPepsiCo.Icouldhearhimtalkingtothestudents..,andtalking,andtalking.(47)Hewasnowfiveminutesover,whichdroppedmytimewithhimdownto10minutes.Decisiontime.　　Iwroteanoteonthebackofmybusinesscard,remindinghimthathehadameeting."YouhaveameetingwithJeffHoyeat2:30p.m."Itookadeepbreath,pushedopenthedoorsoftheauditoriumandwalkedstraightupthemiddleaisle(过道)towardhimashetalked.Mr.Weatherupstopped.(48)JustbeforeIreachedthedoor,Iheardhimtellthegroupthathewasrunninglate.Hethankedthemfortheirattention,wishedthemluckandwalkedouttowhereIwasnowsitting,holdingmybreath.　　Helookedatthecardandthenatme."Letmeguess,"hesaid."You'reJeff."Hesmiled.　　(49)Hespentthenext30minutesofferingmehistime,somewonderfulstoriesthatIstilluse,andaninvitationtovisithimandhisgroupinNewYork.ButwhathegavemethatIvaluethemostwastheencouragementtocontinuetodoasIhaddone.(50)Whenthingsneedtohappen,youeitherhavethenervetoactoryoudon't.　　AIbeganbreathingagainandwegrabbed(霸占)anofficerightthereatschoolandclosedthedoor.　　BAsIsatlisteningtohim,IknewthatIcouldtrusthim,andthathedeservedeverybitofloyaltyIcouldgivetohim.　　CIbecamealarmed:histalkwasn'tendingwhenitshouldhave.　　DHesaidthatittooknerveformetointerrupthim,andthatnervewasthekeytosuccessinthebusinessworld.　　EIwastold,however,thathewasonatightscheduleandonlyhad15minutesavailableafterhistalktothebusinessclass.　　FIhandedhimthecardthenIturnedandwalkedoutthewayIcame.（十）TheBuildingofthePyramidsTheoldeststonebuildingsintheworldarethepyramids.Theyhavestoodfornearly5,000years,anditseemslikethat_____(1)_____.ThereareovereightyofthemscatteredalongthebanksoftheNile,someofwhicharedifferentinshapefromthetruepyramids.Themostfamousofthesearethe"Step"pyramidandthe"Bent"pyramid.Someofthepyramidsstilllookmuchthesameastheymusthavedonewhentheywerebuiltthousandsofyearsago.Mostofthedamagesufferedbytheothershasbeenatthehandsofmenwhowerelookingfortreasureor,moreoften,____(2)____.ThedryclimateofEgypthashelpedtopreservethepyramids,andtheirveryshape_____(3)_____.Thesearegoodreasonswhytheycanstillbeseentoday,butperhapsthemostimportantisthattheywereplannedtolastforever.Itispracticallycertainthatplansweremadeforthebuildingofthepyramids_____(4)____.However,therearenowritingsorpicturestoshowushowtheEgyptiansplannedorbuiltthepyramidsthemselves.Consequently,weareonlyabletoguessatthemethodsused.Nevertheless,byexaminingtheactualpyramidsandvarioustoolswhichhavebeenfound,archaeologistshaveformedafairlyclearpictureofthem.Onethingiscertain:theremusthavebeenmonthsofcarefulplanning_____(5)_____.Thefirstthingtheyhadtodowastochooseasuitableplace.Youmaythinkthiswouldhavebeeneasywithmilesandmilesofemptydesertaround,butapyramidcouldnotbebuiltjustanywhere.Certainruleshadtobefollowed,andcertainproblemshadtobovercome.AforstonetouseinmodernbuildingsBhasmadethemlesslikelytofallintoruinCbeforetheycouldbegintobuildDbecausetheplansofotherlargeworkshavefortunatelybeenpreservedEwhilebuildingthepyramidsFtheywillcontinuetostandforthousandsofyearsyet（一）答案与 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 解：1.E前面二句讲了我们从大海捕捉大量的鱼供人们食用，这句接着讲“甚至连鱼的骨头也被用来做化肥”。Even这个词在这里清楚地表示了这两句话的关系。2.D这句话的前一句讲的是我们可以通过水的蒸发从海水中得到一种矿物质——盐，这句话则说除了盐之外，水蒸发以后还有别的矿物质留下来。3.A前面讲到除了矿物质外，大海还给了我们珍珠、海绵和海草这三样东西。接着作者分别用一句话来说明每一样东西的昂途。先讲了珍珠,最后讲的是海草，所以这中间的一句应该是讲海绵的用途了。4.F前一句话说了^们不能喝海水，这句话解释了为什么不能喝，很自然。5.B前面一句话用garbage—词有力地回答了“我们给予大海什么”这个带有自责性的问题，这句话则是对这个简单回答的具体解释。译文：论我们给予大海的以及向大海索取的自我们在地球上生活乏始，我们就开始利用环绕着陆地的海洋。我们向海洋索取的同时也在给予o我们从海里捕鱼——为了获取百万人的食物，我们每年在海里捕数千吨的鱼，甚至连鱼的骨头也被用来做化肥。我们从海里获得物。制盐的一种办法就是将海水放在浅底的水池里直至水分蒸发。除了盐之外，水蒸发以后还有别的矿物质留下来，还有不少金和银的漂流物溶解在海水里。但是这些物质不能通过海水的蒸发而被我们获取。海洋赐予我们的礼物还有珍珠丨海绵和海草。珍珠能做成珠宝，海绵可用来作为清洗东西的物品，海草可加工成许多种食品，甚至糖果、冰淇淋以及药品。不管你相不相信，淡水也是海洋赐予我们的礼物。海水不能饮用，其中有些物质会致病。但是去掉海水中的盐分后，海水就变成了淡水。将来，我们会越来越依赖午从海水中取来的淡水。海洋给予我们食物、化肥、矿物、水资源以及其他的礼物。然而，我们又给予了大海什么呢?垃圾。我们把大海当做垃圾桶的时候污染了大海。海洋虽然巨大无边,却无法容纳所有我们倾倒进去的水。把垃圾往大海里倾倒就是在把海洋生物杀绝灭尽。然而，随着世界人口的增长，我们也许将会比以往任何时候都需要海洋以及它给人类带来的东西。我们最终认识到，如果破坏了海洋，我们就将毁灭自己。只希望这个认识还不算太迟。（二）答案与题解：1.C本段第二句和第三句话都以人称代词they作主语，但所指不明。在大多数情况下，其指代对象应在同一段落的前文中找。C与这两个句子在结构和意思上都是平行的，时态也一致，而且用traveloperators这个名词去替代这两个句子中的they都讲得通。2.B这一句继续讲旅游经纪人的工作,它同本段前三句话在时态、结构和意思上一致或平行。3.F指示词this/that及其复数形式在英语中是重要的衔接手段，多数情况下this指上文刚刚提到的事情或说过的话。本段第一句话说旅游顾问召开研讨会使代理人熟悉新业务和销售技巧。承接这句话，F说“通过这种方式，代理人学会了怎样对旅行自的地加以解释以及向游客建议各种不同的旅行方式及组合方式，如飞机、船、火车、公共汽车、汽车出租，甚至汽车的购买”。“这种方式”就是指上一句话中的召开研讨会，因而F是最合适的选项。4.E本段第一句话说房地产公司和旅行社密切合作，达成了最为适当的 协议 离婚协议模板下载合伙人协议 下载渠道分销协议免费下载敬业协议下载授课协议下载 。这种协议兼顾了顾客的方便和他们自己的财政方面的安排。E实际上进一步阐述了二者之间相互依赖的紧密关系。5.A写文章讲究句子和段落之间的衔接。第四段讲到了房地产公司和旅行社之间相互依赖的合作关系,A说“旅行社和运输公司之间也存在着同等程度的信任”，像same,different(ly),similar(ly),otherwise这样的词语有很强的衔接力，属于指称衔接(reference)中的比较衔接。下一句话详细解释旅行社和运输公司之间的关系，进一步印证了应该选A。译文：旅游业中的团队合作不同旅游部门之间越来越多的合作证明对有关各方都有益。政府机构、贸易与旅游协会、运输公司和房地产公司都一齐致力于为旅行者创造良好的条件。旅游经纪人作为旅游 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 的专家提出广泛的研究 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 。他们了解所有的旅游区和所有运输公司的服务。他们的专长是组织不同类型的旅游活动以及准备有效的广告宣传。他们把材料分发给旅行社。这些材料包括杂志、小册子和广告项目。他们提供熟悉情况和组织研讨问题的旅游，从而使旅行社在短时间内就能获得有关他们正在推出的旅行活动的第一手资料。旅游顾问举办各种重要的研讨会以便使旅行社代理人熟悉新的方案和技巧。通过这种方式,代理人学会了怎样对旅行目的地加以解释以及向游客建议各种不同的旅行方式及组合方式，如飞机、船、火车、公共汽车、汽车出租，甚至汽车的购买。房地产公司与旅行社之间密切合作，达成了最为适当的协议。这种协议兼顾了顾客的方便和他们自己的财政方面的安排。旅行社依靠旅馆提供良好的服务，反过来，旅馆依靠旅行社来完成合同，招揽顾客。在旅行社与运输公司(包括汽车出租和观光服务)之间也存在着同种程度的信任。运输公司依靠旅行社来提供乘客，而旅行社依靠运输公司提供受游客欢迎的旅行活动。所有服务机构都以提高效率、价格公平及使顾客满意为宗旨。（三）答案与题解：1.C从文章结构上看，第一段提出要讨论三种主要的金融风险：商业风险、政治风险和外汇险。第三、第四段的主题句告诉我们这两段分别讨论了政治风险和外汇风险，第二段自然是谈商业风险,用C作该段主题句是最合适的。2.B本段第二、第三句话列举了商业风险的种种表现形式，B说:“国际市场独有的一种风险与金融调节有关。”后一句话的主语Suchrisk指的就是这一独特的风险，such在句子之间起到了衔接作用。3.D本句和前一句举例说明因产品质量争议而引起的所谓国际市场独有的商业风险。本句主语thedistributor指的就是上句中出现的adistributorinGermany，这里distributor通过重复在句子之间起到了衔接作用。4.A本段主要谈政治风险，因而选项A最合适。、5.E本段主要谈外汇风险，E说：“世界主要货币的浮动汇率制迫使所有商家特别关注汇率的波动，并意识到需要调整金融计划来作补偿。”后一句以国际商用机器公司为例说明这一情况。译文：金融风险国际金融市场的风险存在几种类型，主要是商业风险、政治风险和外汇风险。商业风险事实上是日常商务活动中一般的信用风险。包括偿债能力、违约和拒绝付款。然而竞争才是最主要的风险，需要持续有效的管理和营销才能在竞争中立足。国际市场的二个独特的风险是金融调节方面的风险。这种风险产生于有关货物质量、合同条款及货款不兑现方面引起的争执。例如，有一家公司将几百吨脱水土豆运给德国一家批发商，这^^批发商经过检验认为这些土豆的味道和质地不合标准。对于出口商这方来说,可以降低价格、另寻买主或将土豆运回国内，两者均需要付出相当大的代价。政治风险与战争、变革、货币的不可兑换性、土地征用、驱逐出境、进口许可的限制或取消有关。政治风险是所有商务活动都需要考虑的环境因素。是通过信息管理系统和有效的决策程序防范政治风险的最好办法。许多公司都发现，有时政治风险是不可避免的，所以商家必须心中有数或是放弃某些市场的交易o汇率不稳定也必然会产生不利影响。但多年来，大多数公司都能采取预防性措施将这种不利影响降到最低限度。世界主要货币的浮动汇率制迫使所有商家尤为关注汇率的波动，并意识到需要调整金融计划来作补偿。例如，国际商用机器公司曾报道1981年第三季度的收益额因为汇率变动而急剧下降了21.6%。实行浮动汇率制以前，主要货币的贬值并不常见，而且通常可以预测得到。但是在浮动汇率 制度 关于办公室下班关闭电源制度矿山事故隐患举报和奖励制度制度下载人事管理制度doc盘点制度下载 下，汇率的波动是很常见的。（四）KEY:BAFDE（五）key:　FDCBE（六）答案解析　　46B前一句主要讲的是,Gilson与妻子Evelyn生活在一起,而Evelyn自打他们结婚以来一直是差不多每天一包烟。接下来显然应选表示他们结婚年限的句子。　　47C前一句提到,不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟,接下来应首选对此烟加以定义的句子。　　48A前一句讲的是科学家们过去对二手烟的看法,接下