大学英语四级详细参考答案(全三套)

2018年6月 英语四级 历年英语四级真题及答案下载2018年英语四级真题及答案2016年英语四级真题及答案2017年英语四级真题及答案2018年英语四级真题及答案下载 详细参考 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 （全三套）2018年6月四级听力1听力第一套SectionANewsReportOneAmessageinabottlesentouttoseabyaNewHampshiremanmorethanfivedecadesagowasfound1500milesawayandhe’s been returnedtohisdaughter.ThelonglostmessagewasdiscoveredbyClintBuffingtonofUtahwhilehewasvacationing.Buffingtonsayshefoundasodabottlehalf-buriedinthesandthatlookedlikeithadbeentheresincethebeginningoftime.Thenoteinsidethebottlesaid,"Returnto419OceanStreetandreceivearewardof$150fromRichardandTinaPierce, ownersofthebeachCombermotel.ThemotelwasownedbythePaulaPiercein1960.HerfatherhadwrittenthenotesasajokeandhadthrownitintotheAtlanticOcean.BuffingtonflewtoNewHampshiretodeliverthatmessagetoPolaPierce.Shehelduptoherfather'spromisegivingBuffingtonthatreward.Butthebiggestrewardisthemessageinabottlefindingitswaybackhome. Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.Whatisthenewsreportmainlyabout?2.WhydidPaulaPierce give ClintBuffington thereward?  NewsReportTwoMillionsofbeeshavediedinSouthCarolinaduringaerialinsectsprayingoperationsthatwerecarriedouttocombattheZikavirus. Theinsectssprayingovertheweekendleftmorethan2 million beesdeadonthespotinDorchestercountySouthCarolina,where four travel-relatedcasesofZikadiseasehavebeenconfirmedinthearea.MostofthedeathscamefromFlowerTownBeefarm, acompanyinSomervillethatsellsbeesandhoneyproducts.JuanitaStanleywhoownsthecompanysaidthefarmlookslikeit'sbeendestroyed.Thefarmlostabout2.5 million bees.Dorchestercountyofficialsapologizedfortheaccidentalmasskillingofbees.DorchesterCountyisawarethatsomebeekeepersintheareathatwassprayedonSundaylosttheirbeecolonies.CountymanagerJasonWardsaidinastatement.“I'mnotpleasedthatsomanybeeswerekilled.” Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.WhywassprayingoperationscarriedoutinDorchesterCounty?4.WhatdoesthenewsreportssayaboutFlowerTownBeefarm? NewsReportThreeTheworld'slargestaircrafthastakentotheskiesforthefirsttime.TheAirlander10 spentnearly2 hoursintheairhavingtakenofffromCoddingtonairfieldinBedfordshire.Duringitsflightitreached3000feetandperformedaseriesofgentleturnsall overasafearea.Theaircraftismassiveaslongasafootballfieldandastallas6doubledeckerbusesandcapableofflyingforupto5days.ItwasfirstdevelopedfortheUSgovernmentasalongrangespyaircraft,butwasabandonedfollowingbudgetcutbacks.Theaircraftcost25 million poundsandcancarryheavier loadsthanhugejetplaneswhilealsoproducinglessnoiseandomittinglesspollution.Themakersbelieveit'sthefutureofaircraftandonedaywe'llbeusingthemtogoplaces.Butthere'sstillalongwaytogo.TheAirlander willneedtohave200hoursflyingtimebeforebeingallowedtoflybytheaviationadministrationifitpassesthoughwecanhopewe'llallgetsomeextralegroom. Questions5and7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.Whatdowelearnaboutthefirstflightofthe Airlander10?6.Whatcaused theUSgovernmenttoabandontheAirlander10 asaspyaircraft?7.Whatistheadvantageofthe Airlander10 overhugejetplanes? Section BConversationOneM:Doyoufeellikegoingouttonight？W：Yeah，whynot，wehaven’tbeenoutforages,what’son?M:Well,there’safilmaboutclimatechange.Doesitsoundgoodtoyou?W:No,notreally,itdoesn’treallyappealtome.What’sitabout?Justclimatechange?M:Ithinkit’sabouthowclimatechangeaffectseverydaylife.Iwonderhowtheymakeitentertaining.W:Well,itsoundsreallyawful,it’sanimportantsubjectIagree.ButIamnotinthemoodforanythingdepressing.Whatelseison?M：There’saSpanishdancefestival.W:Oh,Ilovedance.Thatsoundsreallyinteresting.M:Apparently,it’sabsolutelybrilliant.Let’sseewhatitsaysinthepaper.AleadsanexcitingproductionofthegreatSpanishlovestoryKamen.W:Ok,then.Whattimeisiton?M:At7:30.W:Well,that’snogood.Wehaven’tgotenoughtimetogetthere.Isthereanythingelse?M:There’sacomedyspecialon.  W:Where’siton?M:It’satthecitytheater.It’sacharitycomedynightwithlotsofdifferentacts.Itlooksprettygood.Thecriticinthelocalthepapersaysit’sthefunniestthinghe’severseen.ItsayshereRogerWhiteheadisanamazinghosttoanightoffunperformances.W:Em..Iamnotkeenonhim.Heisnotveryfunny.M:Areyousureyourfancygoingouttonight?Youarenotveryenthusiastic.W:Perhapsyouareright.Okay,let’sgotoseethedance.Buttomorrow,nottonight.M:Great,I’llbooktheticketsonline.Questions8and 11arebasedontheconversation youhavejustheard.8. Whatdoesthewomenthinkoftheclimatechange?9. WhydothespeakersgiveupgoingtotheSpanishdancefestivaltonight?10. Whatdoesthecriticsayaboutthecomedyperformedatthecitytheater?11. Whatdoesthewomandecidetodotomorrow? ConversationTwo W:GoodmorningMr.Lee,MayIhaveaminutesofyourtime?M:SureKatherine,whatcanIdoforyou?W:I’mquietanxiousabouttransferringovertoourcollege,I’mafraidIwon’tfitin.M:don'tworryKatherine,it’scompletelynormalforyoutobenervousabouttransferringschools,thishappenstomanytransferstudents.W:Yes,Iknow,butI’myoungerthanmoststudentsinmyyearandthatworriesmealot.M:Well,youmaybetheonlyyoungeroneinyouryear,butyouknow,wehavealotofafter-schoolactivitiesyoucanjoinin,andso,thisway,youwillbeabletomeetnewfriendsofdifferentagegroups.W:That’snice,Ilovegamesandhobbygroups.M:I’msureyoudo,sowillbejustfine,don’tworrysomuchandtrytomakethemostofwhatwehaveonofferhere,also,rememberthatyoucancometomeanytimeofthedayifyouneedhelp.W:Thankssomuch,Idefinitelyfeelbetternow,asamatteroffact,I’vealreadycontactedoneofthegirlswhowillbelivinginthesamehousewithme,andsheseemedreallynice.Iguesslivingoncampus,I'llhaveachancetohaveaclosecircleoffriends,sincewe'llbelivingtogether.M: Allstudentsareveryfriendlywithnewarrivals.Letmecheckwhowouldbelivingwithyouinyourflat.Okay.ThereareHannah,Kelly,andBree.Breeisalsoanewstudenthere,likeyou,I’msureyoutwo‘llhavemoretosharewitheachother. Questions12and 15 arebasedontheconversation youhavejustheard.12.WhydoesKatherine feelanxious?13.WhatdoesMr.Lee encourageKatherinetodo?14.WhatdoesMr.Lee promisedtodoforKatherine?15.WhatdowelearnaboutKatherine’schoolmateBree?  SectionCPassageOneHaveyoueverfeltlikeyouwoulddojustaboutanything tosatisfyyourhunger?Anewstudyinmicemayhelptoexplainwhyhungercanfeellikesuchapowerfulmotivatingforce. Inthestudy,researchersfoundthathungeroutweighedotherphysicaldrives,includingfear,thirstandsocialneeds.Todeterminewhichfeelingwonout,theresearchersdidaseriesofexperiments.Inoneexperiment,themicewerebothhungryandthirsty.Whengiventhechoiceofeithereatingfoodordrinkingwater,themicewentforthefood,theresearchersfound.However,whenthemicewerewell-fedbutthirsty,theyoptedtodrink,accordingtothestudy. Inthesecondexperimentmeanttopitthemice'shungeragainsttheirfear,hungrymicewereplacedinacagethathadcertain"fox-scented"areasandotherplacesthatsmelledsafer(inotherwords,notlikeananimalthatcouldeatthem)butalsohadfood.Itturnedoutthat,whenthemicewerehungry,theyventuredintotheunsafeareasforfood.Butwhenthemicewerewell-fed,theystayed inareasofthecagethatwereconsidered"safe."Hungeralsooutweighedthemice'ssocialneeds,theresearchersfound.Miceareusuallysocialanimalsandprefertobeinthecompanyofothermice,accordingtothestudy.Whenthemicewerehungry,theyoptedtoleavethecompanyofothermicetogogetfood. Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16. Whatistheresearchers’ purposeincarryingouttheseriousexperimentwithmice?17.Inwhatcircumstances,domiceventureintounsafeareas?18.Whatissaidaboutmiceattheendofthepassage? Passage TwoTheUnitedStateshasoneofthebesthighwaysystemsintheworld.Interstatehighwaysconnectjustabouteverylargeandmid-sizedcityinthecountry.Didyoueverwonderwhysuchacompletesystemofexcellentroadsexists?Forananswer，youwouldhavetogobacktotheearly1920s.Inthoseyears,justafterWorldWarI,themilitarywantedtobuildanAmericanhighwaysystemfornationaldefense.Suchasystemcould,ifnecessary,movetroopsquicklyfromoneareatoanother.Itcouldalsogetpeopleoutofcitiesindangerofbeingbombed.So-calledroadsofnationalimportanceweredesignated,buttheyweremostlysmallcountryroads.In1944,Congresspassedabilltoupgradethesystem,butdidnotfundtheplanrightaway.Inthe1950s,theplanbegantobecomeareality.Over$25billionwasappropriatedbycongress,andconstructionbeganonabout40,000milesofnewroads.Theideawastoconnectthenewsystemtoexistingexpresswaysandfreeways.Andthoughthesystemwasbuiltmostlytomakecartraveleasier,defensewasnotforgotten.Forinstance,highwayoverpasseshadtobehighenoughtoallowtrailerscarryingmilitarymissilestopassunderthem.By1974,thissystemwasmostlycompleted.Afewadditionalroadswouldcomelater.Quickandeasytravelbetweenallpartsofthecountrywasnowpossible. Questions19and21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.WhatdoesthespeakersayabouttheAmericanhighwaysystem?20. Whatwastheoriginalpurposeofbuildingahighwaysystem?21.Whenwastheinterstatehighwaysystemmostlycompleted?PassageThreeTextingwhiledrivingwaslistedasamajorcauseofroaddeathsamongyoungAmericansbackin2013. Arecentstudysaidthat40% ofAmericanteensclaimtohavebeeninacarwhenthedriverusedacellphoneinawaythatputpeopleindanger. Thissoundslikeawidespreaddiseasebutit'sonethattechnologymaynowhelpedcure. T.J. Evarts,a 20- year-oldinventor, hascomeupwithanovelsolutionthatcouldeasilyputtextingdriversonnotice. It'scalledSmartWheel, andit'sdesignedtofitoverthesteeringwheelofmoststandardvehiclestotrackwhetherornotthedriverhastwo handsonthewheelatalltimes. Evarts’inventionwarnsthedriverswiththelightandthesoundwhentheyholdthewheelwithonehandonly, but as soonastheyplacetheotherhandbackonthewheelthelightturnsbacktogreenandthesoundstops. Italsowatchesforwhat'scalled“closebyhands”,wherebothhandsareclosetogethernearthetopofthewheelsothedrivercantypewithboththumbs anddriveatthesametime. AllthedataSmartWheel collectsisalsosenttoa connectedapp. SoanyparentswhoinstallSmartWheel cankeeptrackoftheteens’drivinghabits. Iftheytrytoremoveordamagethecover, that'sreportedaswell.  Questions22to25are basedonthepassageyouhavejustheard. 22. Whatisamajorcause ofroaddeathsamongyoungAmericans?23.WhatisSmartWheel? 24. Whathappensifthedriverhasonehandonthewheel? 25. Howdoparentskeeptrackoftheirteens’drivinghabits? 参考答案： ABBCACDADCBDCADBACDBABACB2听力第二套 参考答案：SectionA1.B)Scared.2.D)Itwascoveredwithlargescales.3.A)AStudyofthefast-foodservice.4.C)Increasedvarietyofproducts.5.C)USgovernment’sapprovalofprivatespacemissions.6.A)Deliverscientificequipmenttothemoon.7.B)Itispromising.SectionB8.D)LyinginthesunonaThaibeach.9.A)ShevisitedaThaiorphanage10.D)Hisphoneisrunningoutofpower.11.C)Hecollectsthingsfromdifferentcountries.12. D)Tryingoutanewgymintown.13.C)Adiscountforahalf-yearmembership.14.D)Theoperationoffitnessequipment.15. C)Sheknowsthebasicsofweight-lifting.SectionC16.B)Theyoftenapplyforanumberofpositions.17.A)Getbetterorganized.  18.D)Applyformorepromisingpositions.19.B)Ifnotforcedtogotoschool,kidswouldbeoutinthestreets.20.D)Designactivitiestheynowenjoydoingonholidays.21.D)Takekidsoutofschooltolearnatfirsthand22.C)Itisseenalmostanywhereandonanyoccasion.23D)Itofferspeopleachancetosocialize.24A)Theirstateofmindimproved.25B)Itislife.2018年6月四级阅读1阅读第一套SectionA 26.E)constructed27.O)undertaken28.F)consulted29.C)collection30.N)scale31.I)eventually32.K)necessarily33.L)production34.A)cheaper35.J)height SectionB36.K）A20-year-oldjunioratGeorgiaSouthernUniversitytoldBuzzFeedNewsthatshenormally…37. D）“Whenwetalkabouttheaccesscodeweseeitasthenewfaceofthetextbookmonopoly(垄断),anewwaytolockstudentsaroundthissystem,”…38. M）Harper,apoultry（家禽）sciencemajor,istakingchemistryagainthisyearandhadtobuyanewaccesscodetohandinherhomework…39. G）Theaccesscodesmaybeanotherfinancialheadacheforstudents,butfortextbookbusinesses,they’rethefuture…40. B）Thecodes—whichtypicallyrangeinpricefrom＄80to＄155percourse—givestudentsonlineaccesstosystemsdevelopedbyeducationcompanieslikeMcGrawHillandPearson…41. L）BenjaminWolverton,a19-year-oldstudentattheUniversityofSouthCarolina,toldBuzzFeedNewsthat…42. H）APearsonspokespersontoldBuzzFeedNewsthat“digitalmaterialsarelessexpensiveandagoodinvestment”thatoffernewfeatures,…43. F）Shedecidedtowaitforhernextwork-studypaycheck,whichwastypically$150-$200,topayforthecode…44. J）DavidHunt,anassociateprofessorinsociologyatAugustaUniversity,whichhasrolledoutdigitaltextbooksacrossitsmathandpsychologydepartments,…45. C）Butcriticssaythedigitalaccesscodesrepresentthesameprofit-seekingethos(观念)ofthetextbookbusiness,andareevenharderforstudentstooptoutof…SectionCPassageOne 开头英语为：Losingyourability 46. A)Notallofthemaresymptomsofdementia.答案出处:Thereareprettycleardifferencesbetweensignsofdementiaandage-relatedmemoryloss. 47.C)Communicationwithinourbrainweakens.答案出处:Changesinbraincellscanaffectcommunicationbetweendifferentregionsofthebrain. 48.A)Totallyforgettinghowtodoone'sdailyroutines.答案出处:Forgettinghowtooperateafamiliarobjectlikeamicrowaveoven,orforgettinghowtodrivetothehouseofafriendyou’vevisitedmanytimesbeforecanalsobesignsofsomethinggoingwrong. 49.C)Turntoaprofessionalforassistance.答案出处:Daffnersuggestsgoingtoyourdoctortocheckonmedications,healthproblemsandotherissuesthatcouldbeaffectingmemory. 50.D)Stayingactivebothphysicallyandmentally.答案出处:Andthebestdefenseagainstmemorylossistotrytopreventbybuildingupyourbrain'scognitivereserve.Inotherwords,keepyourbrainbusyandworking.Andalsogetphysicallyactive,becauseexerciseisaknownbrainbooster. PassageTwo文章开头是Aletter 51.WhathappenedtoDarwin'sletterinthe1970s?B)Itwasstolenmorethanonce.答案出处：“Werealizedinthemid-1970sthatitwasmissing,”….likelytakenbyanintern(实习生)”…“Theinternlikelytooktheletteragainoncenobodywaswatchingit.”52.WhatdidtheFBIdoaftertherecoveryoftheletter?A)Theyproveditsauthenticity.答案出处：Theirartcrimeteamrecoveredtheletterbutwereunabletopresschargesbecausethetimeoflimitationshadended.TheFBIworkedcloselywiththeArchivestodeterminethattheletterwasbothauthenticanddefinitelySmithsonian’sproperty.53.WhatisDarwin'sletterabout?D)Hisacknowledgementforhelpfromaprofessional.答案出处：TheletterwaswrittenbyDarwintothankanAmericangeologist,Dr.FerdinandVandeveerHayden,forsendinghimcopiesofhisresearchintothegeologyoftheregionthatwouldbecomeYellowstoneNationalPark. 54.WhatwilltheSmithsonianInstitutionArchivesdowiththeletteraccordingtoKapsalis?D)Makeitavailableonline.答案出处：Afteritisrepaired,wewilltakedigitalphotosofitandthatwillbeavailableonline. 55.WhathasthepasthalfcenturywitnessedaccordingtoKapsalis?B)Radicalchangesinarchivingpractices.答案出处：…“Archivingpracticeshavechangedgreatlysincethe1970s,”saysKapsalis,“andwekeepourhighvaluedocumentsinasafe…”2阅读第二套Section A26-30MNCJF  31-35KLBIE26.M)pollutants27.N)restricted28.C)consequence29.J)innovation30.F)detail31.K)intended32.L)outdoor33.B)collaborating34.I)inhabitants35.E)creating Section BAsTouristsCrowdOutLocals,VeniceFaces“Endangered” List36.EJustbeyondSt.Mark’sSquare…37.JEarlierthisyear…38.GVenice’sdeadlinepassedwith…39.CVeniceisoneof…40.NThenithitshim…41.FForatime,UNESCO,…42.B“Peoplearecheeringandholding…”43.LThecity’scurrentmayor,LuigiBrugnaro…44.DLauraChigi,agrandmotheratthemarch,…45.HButUNESCOdidn’tevenholdavote…  Section CPassageone46.C)Helpthembuildapositiveattitudetowardslife.47.A)Earnmoremoney.48.C)Howlongitspositiveeffectlasts.49.D)Theircommunicationwithothersimproved.50.A)Findfinancialsupport. PassageTwo51.C)Theyallexperiencedterriblemisfortunes.52.B)Theutmostcomfortpassengers couldenjoy.53.A)Itwasamerepieceofdecoration.54.D)Thebeliefthat theycouldneversinkwithadouble-layerbody.55.A)Shewasusedtocarrytroops.3阅读第三套SectionA 26.C)cast27.L)replaced28.F)efficient29.J)professionals30.E)decorative31.G)electrified32.I)photographed33.B)approach34.K)quality35.H)identify长篇阅读36.F.Asian-Americanstudentshavebeeneagerparticipants…37.C.Butinsteadofbringingfamiliestogether…38.I.Theissueofthestressesfeltbystudentsinelitesschool…39.E.Thedistricthasbecomeincreasinglypopularwith..40.B.Withhisletter…41.K.Notallpublicopinion…42.H.JenniferLee…43.D.About10minutes44.A.Thisfall…45.G.BothAsian-Americanandwhitefamilies…SectionC仔细阅读PassageOne46.A)Senesa’sthinkingisstillapplicabletoday.47.B)Itisateachingtoolunderdevelopment.48.C)Ithelpsthemlearntheiracademicsubjectsbetter.49.D)Theyusevariouswaystoexplainthematerials.50.B)Theiremotionalinvolvement.PassageTwo51:D) Theyarebetereducatedthantheircounterparts.52C)Theythinkitneedsfurtherimproving.53.B)Jobstabilityandflexibility.54.D)Thebalancebetweenworkandfamily.55.A)Theystillviewthisworldasonedominatedbymales. 2018年6月四级翻译1翻译第一套：过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。如今，随着经济的发展和生活水平的提高，越来越多的中国人包括许多农民和外出务工人员都能乘飞机出行。他们可以乘飞机到达所有大城市，还有很多城市也在筹建机场。航空服务不断改进，而且经常会有廉价机票。近年来，节假日期间选择乘飞机外出旅游的人数在不断增加。基础版：Inthepast,travelingbyplanewasunimaginableformostChinesepeople.Today,withthedevelopmentofChina’seconomyandtheimprovementofpeople’slivingstandards,moreandmoreChinesepeople,includingmanyfarmersandmigrantworkers,cantravelbyair.Theycanflytoallmajorcities,andmanycitiesarealsoplanningtobuildairports.Airservicescontinuetoimprove,andthereareoftencheapflights.Inrecentyears,thenumberofpeoplechoosingtotravelbyairduringholidayshasbeenincreasing.改写版：WhileairtravelusedtobeunthinkabletomostChinesepeople,itisbecomingmoreandmoreaccessibletotheChinesepeople,includingmanyfarmersandmigrantworkers,asChina’seconomygrowsandpeople’slivingstandardsimprove.AllmajorChinesecitiescanbereachedbyair,withmanyothercitiesalsoplanningtobuildairports.Inrecentyears,agrowingnumberofChinesepeoplehavechosentotravelbyairduringholidaysasairlinesbecomemoreaffordableandpassenger-friendly. 2翻译第二套：近年来，中国有越来越多的城市开始建设地铁。发展地铁有助于减少城市的交通拥堵和空气污染。地铁具有安全、快捷和舒适的优点。越来越多的人选择地铁作为每天上班或上学的主要交通工具。如今，在中国乘坐地铁正变得越来越方便。在有些城市里，乘客只需用卡或手机就可以乘坐地铁。许多当地老年市民还可以免费乘坐地铁。直译版：Inrecentyears,moreandmorecitiesinChinahavebeguntobuildsubways.Thedevelopmentofsubwayscanhelpreducetrafficcongestionandairpollutionincities.Thesubwayhastheadvantagesofsafety,speedandcomfort.Moreandmorepeoplechoosethesubwayasthemainmeansoftransportationtoworkorschooleveryday.Nowadays,itisbecomingmoreandmoreconvenienttotakethesubwayinChina.Insomecities,passengerscanuseacardormobilephonetotakethesubway.Manylocalelderlycitizenscanalsotakethesubwayforfree.升级版：Inrecentyears,moreandmoreChinesecitieshavebeguntobuildsubwaysaspartoftheeffortstoreducetrafficjamsandairpollution.Agrowingnumberofpeoplenowchoosesubwayasthemajormeansoftransportationtoworkorschooleverydayforthesafe,fastandcomfortabletravelexperienceithastooffer.Nowadays,ascardormobilepaymentgainspopularityinsomeChinesecities,itisbecomingincreasinglyconvenienttotakethesubway.Manylocalseniorcitizensarealsoentitledto/alsoenjoyfreesubwayrides. 3翻译第三套：公交车曾是中国人出行的主要交通工具。近年来，由于私家车数量不断增多，城市的交通问题越来越严重。许多城市为了鼓励更多人乘坐公交车出行，一直在努力改善公交车的服务质量。车辆的设施不断更新，车速也有了显著提高。然而，公交车的票价却依然相当低廉。现在，在大多数城市，许多当地老年市民都可以免费乘坐公交车。基础版：BusesusedtobethemainmeansoftransportationfortheChinesepeople.Inrecentyears,withthenumberofprivatecarsincreasing,citieshavebeenfacingincreasinglyseveretrafficproblems.Toencouragemorepeopletotravelbybus,manycitieshavebeenmakingeffortstoimprovetheirbusservicequality.Busfacilitieshavebeencontinuouslyrenovated,andbusspeedhasalsoincreaseddramatically.However,the