AmountDealQuantityNumber等词的用法辨析

Amount,Deal,Quantity,Number等词的用法辨析有关quantity的主谓一致一、amount的用法详解amount用作名词其意为“数量”、“金额”等，通常用于a(great,large)amountof这类结构，其后通常接不可数名词。如：Hemadealargeamountofmoney.他赚了大量的钱。Theyhavetoprocessalargeamountofdata,他们得处理大量数据。Ihadnotexpectedsuchanamountofpraise,我没料到受到这么多赞扬。Alargeamountofdamagewasdoneinashorttime.短期内造成大量损害。Ihadnotexpectedsuchanamountofpraise,我没料想受到这样多的赞扬。Hemustmemorizelargeamountsofmaterial,他必须背熟大量材料。注意：这类结构用作主语，其谓语的数取决于amount的数。如：在这座桥上花了大量资金。正：Alargeamountofmoneywasspentonthebridge.正：Largeamountsofmoneywerespentonthebridge.比较：在agreatnumberof之后通常接可数名词(用复数)。如：amount用作动词用作动词时意为“合计”、“等于”、“意味着”，通常是不及物动词，其后常接介词to。如：Buildingcostamountstosixmilliondollars,建筑费用达600万元。Herreplyamountstoarefusal,她的回答等于拒绝。注意：由于其后接的to为介词，所以后接动词时，该动词要用动名词。如：这等于是欺骗教师。(from)误：Thisamountstocheattheteacher.正：Thisamountstocheatingtheteacher.析:amount用作动词，表示“等于”，是不及物动词，其后接的to为介词。二、agreat/goodmany非常多，许多(形容词)Theyoungcouplehastravelledagreatmanycitiessincetheygotmarried.AgreatmanycollegestudentsweresenttotheWesttohelpthechildrenthere.Helenhasagreatmanyfriendsindeed,butshedoesnotthinkshehasanyshecanconfidein.Thecitywasevenequippedwithadrainagesystem,foragreatmanyclaypipeswerefoundbeneaththenarrowstreets.Hehasextractedagreatmanyexamplesfromthegrammarbook.比较：manya...许多（后接单数动词）Manyateacherhascometotheexhibition.Manyawomanhasgreatinfluenceonherhusband.Hebeguileduswithmanyataleofadventure.alot,lotsof,anumberof与agreatmany/agoodmany意义相同。三、agreatdeal大量地，非常多的1、作副词Theoldwoman'slifeisagreatdealbetternow.2、作代词Wehavelearntagreatdealfromourprofessor.Ihaveaccomplishedagreatdealinthelastfewmonths.Wewaitedfortheirdecisionwithagreatdealofapprehension.2、作名词（不可数）PeoplespendagreatdealofmoneyonNationalDay.Hedrinksagreatdealofwatereveryday.Heofferedmeagreatdealofmoney.Keepingthehousereallymeantagooddealtome.3、比较：alotof,lotsof也表示“非常多”，但它既可接可数名词,也可接不可数名词。Thereisalotofrainhereinsummer.TherearelotsoftouristsinBeijingeveryyear.Aglossymagazinehaslotsofpicturesoffashionableclothesandisprintedongoodqualitypaper.Heisaboldthinker,withlotsoforiginalideas.4、比较：abigdeal重要人物[asubject,situation,oreventwhichpeoplethinkisimportant.]Idon'tknowwhythisissuehasbecomesuchabigdeal.Losingthematchwasnobigdeal.AllIsaidwas,I'mgoingtohaveababy-what'sthebigdeal?Yes,it'shisbirthdaytoday,buthedoesn'twanttomakeabigdealofit.(=makepeoplenoticeitbyhavingaspecialcelebration)四、ahandfulof一把，少量(作为量词)Shescoopedupahandfulofsnowandrolleditintoaball.Onlyahandfulpeopleagreewithhim,itisafoolisrisk.Weinvitedtwentypeople,butonlyahandfulofthemcame.4.Ipickedupahandfuloflettersandbegantoopenthem.比较：同义词组有：asmallamountof,asmallnumberofAcaportubecontainingasmallamountofexplosiveusedtodetonatethemainexplosivechargeofafirearmormine.Atthisschool,onlytenpeoplepassedthemusicexaminationthisyear.Thatmayseemasmallnumberbutit's（about）parforthecourse.四、akindof有点儿，几分，一种Anappleisakindoffruit.Moneyisakindofallurementforus.Ihaveakindoffeelingthismighthappen.（隐约觉得）Ihaveakindofsuspicionthatshetoldalie.（有点儿）比较：allkindsof/allsortsof各种各样的Donationscamefromallkindsofpeople.Allkindsofremarkablethignsbegantohappen.ofakind同类的，（质量）低劣的ThereisgoodnewsofakindforMr.Zhang.Shefindssolaceofakindinalcohol.六、小结只加可数的复数manyagreat/goodmanya(large/good)numberof复数谓语+不可数名词muchagreatdealofanamountof=amountsof单数谓语+不可数名词/可数的复数alotof/lotsofplentyof(前不加a)谓语由所修饰名词定manya+单数可数名词，单数谓语alargequantityof加不可数名词/可数的复数，单数谓语quantitiesof加不可数名词/可数的复数,复数谓语六、Largequantitiesof的用法主谓一致我们已经详细复习过，它是高考英语考试的重要考点之一，其中不乏难题，尤其是带有限定词的名词短语作主语时，最难选择谓语的单复数形式。例如，“aquantityof+名词”作主语时，谓语是用单数还是用复数就让广大考生困惑不已，到底是用单数还是用复数呢？且看下文：1、A(large)quantityof修饰可数或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。Largequantitiesofmoneyhavebeensentthere.Alargequantityofbookshasbeenofferedtous.Alargequantityofpeopleisneededhere.2、(large)quantitiesof修饰可数或不可数名词，谓语动词用复数。例如：Quantitiesoffood(nuts)wereonthetable.3、多数语法，专家们的观点并非如此，他们认为：aquantityof只能修饰不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。Aquantityof间或也可以修饰可数名词，例如,Aquantityofbasketswereonsale.alarge/smallquantityof大量的/少量的(可以修饰可数名词或不可数名词)，例如，Ineedalargequantityofoil(apples).quantitiesof大批的，大量的，例如，Largequantitiesofpollutedwaterareflowingintothesea.(alotof,lotsof,plentyof,alargequantityof+名词)的词组后面的名词是中心词，谓语动词根据后面的名词的数而定”。4、aquantityof,quantitiesof可跟可数名词与不可数名词，并举有三例：Thereisalargequantityofmilk.Greatquantitiesoffisharecaughtonthehighsea.Largequantitiesofwaterareneededforcoolingpurposes.5、章振邦在《新编英语语法》(上海译文出版社)212页中讲到,aquantityof既可用于复数可数名词，也可用于不可数名词。“aquantityof+不可数名词”，谓语只用单，“quantitiesof+可数与不可数名词”，谓语要用复数。例如，Alargequantityofflowerswereheapedonthemartyr’smartyr[5mB:tE]n.烈士，殉教者tomb.Alargequantityofbeerwasconsumed.Quantitiesoffoodwereonthetable.七、quantity用法结论：aquantityof后既可接复数可数名词，亦可接不可数名词。在它们分别与其后的名词构成短语作主语时，其谓语动词通常看of后名词的具体情况而采用单数或复数形式。如果是接不可数名词，则谓语用单数形式，如果是接复数可数名词，则谓语通常要采用复数形式quantitiesof后既可接复数可数名词，亦可接不可数名词，后面的谓语都用复数形式。Besides,alargequantityofmailbagswerefound.andasmallquantityofdangerousdrugswereseized.Aquantityoffakecertificatesandofficialstampswerealsoseized.进行对照比较，弄清它们的区别，加深对语言现象的印象。7、以"agreatdealof"的用法为例：比较"lotsof","alotof","plentyof","alargequantityof","alargenumberof"与"alargeamountof"的用法，比较下列句子：Wehavestillplentyofeggsleft.Wehavestillplentyofwaterleft.Therichladyhaslargequantitiesofclothes.Wehavelargequantitiesofrainthissummer.Shehasspentagreatdealof(alargeamountof)moneyonherclothes.AlargenumberofsettlersfromFrancereachedCanadain1534.There'slotsofrainhereinspring.Atnoonlotsofstudentsgotothereading-roomtoread.通过比较这些句子，学生会明白“lotsof”，“alotof”，“plentyof”与“alargequantityof"可以用在可数名词与不可数名词前,“agreatdealof”与“alargeamountof”只可用在不可数名词前，“alargenumberof”只可用在可数名词前。