学术英语课后答案unit1

学术英语理工教师手册Unit1ChoosingaTopicITeachingObjectivesInthisunit,youwilllearnhowto:aparticulartopicforyourresearcharesearchquestionaworkingtitleforyourresearchessayyourlanguageskillsrelatedwithreadingandlisteningmaterialspresentedinthisunitII.TeachingProceduresonatopicTask1Answersmayvary.Task21No,becausetheyallseemlikeasubjectratherthanatopic,asubjectwhichcannotbeaddressedevenbyawholebook,letalonebya1500-wordessay.2Eachofthemcanbebrokendownintovariousandmorespecificaspects.Forexample,cancercanbeclassifiedintobreastcancer,lungcancer,livercancerandsoon.Breastcancercanhavesuchspecifictopicsforresearchascausesforbreastcancer,effectsofbreastcancerandpreventionordiagnosisofbreastcancer.3Actuallythetopicsofeachfieldareendless.Takebreastcancerforexample,wecanhavethetopicslike:WhyWomenSufferfromBreastCancerMoreThanMenANewWaytoFindBreastTumorsSomeRisksofGettingBreastCancerinDailyLifeBreastCancerandItsDirectBiologicalImpactBreastCancer—theSymptoms&DiagnosisBreastfeedingandBreastCancerTask31Text1illustrateshowhackersorunauthorizedusersuseonewayoranothertogetinsideacomputer,whileText2describesthevariouselectronicthreatsacomputermayface.2Bothfocusonthevulnerabilityofacomputer.3Text1analyzesthewaysofcomputerhackers,whileText2describessecurityproblemsofacomputer.4Text1:Thewayhackers“getinside”acomputerText2:ElectronicthreatsacomputerfacesYes,Ithinktheyareinteresting,important,manageableandadequate.Task41Lecture1:TenCommandmentsofComputerEthicsLecture2:HowtoDealwithComputerHackersLecture3:HowIBegintoDevelopComputerApplications2Answersmayvary.Task5Answersmayvary.2FormulatingaresearchquestionTask1Text3Researchquestion1:HowmanytypesofcloudservicesarethereandwhataretheyResearchquestion2:WhatisgreencomputingResearchquestion3:WhatareadvantagesofthecloudcomputingText4Researchquestion1:WhatistheWebResearchquestion2:WhatareadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthecloudcomputingResearchquestion3:WhatsecuritybenefitscanthecloudcomputingprovideTask22Topic2:ThreatsofArtificialIntelligenceResearchquestions:1)Whatarethethreatsofartificialintelligence2)Howcanhumanbeingscontrolthosethreats3)Whatarethedifficultiestocontrolthosethreats3Topic3:ThePotentialsofNanotechnologyResearchquestions:1)Whatareitspotentialsinmedicine2)Whatareitspotentialsinspaceexploration3)Whatareitspotentialsincommunications4Topic4:GlobalWarmingandItsEffectsResearchquestions:1)Howdoesitaffectthepatternofclimates2)Howdoesitaffecteconomicactivities3)HowdoesitaffecthumanbehaviorTask3Answersmayvary.3WritingaworkingtitleTask1Answersmayvary.Task21Lecture4isaboutthesecurityproblemsofcloudcomputing,whileLecture5isaboutthedefinitionandnatureofcloudcomputing,henceitismoreelementarythanLecture4.2Thefourallfocusoncloudcomputing.AlthoughLecture4andText4addressthesametopic,theformerislessoptimisticwhilethelatterhasmoreconfidenceinthesecurityofcloudcomputing.Text3illustratesthevariousadvantagesofcloudcomputing.3Lecture4:CloudComputingSecurityLecture5:WhatIsCloudComputingTask3Answersmayvary.4EnhancingyouracademiclanguageReading:Text1thewordswiththeirdefinitions.1g2a3e4b5c6d7j8f9h10i2.CompletethefollowingexpressionsorsentencesbyusingthetargetwordslistedbelowwiththehelpoftheChineseinbrackets.Changetheformifnecessary.1symbolic2distributed3site4complex5identify6fairly7straightforward8capability9target10attempt11process12parameter13interpretation14technical15range16exploit17networking18involve19instance20specification21accompany22predictable23profile3.Readthesentencesinthebox.Payattentiontothepartsinbold.NowcompletetheparagraphbytranslatingtheChineseinbrackets.Youmayrefertotheexpressionsandthesentencepatternslistedabove.rangingfrom（从……到）arisefromsomemisunderstandings（来自于对……误解）leavesalotofproblemsunsolved（留下很多问题没有得到解决）opensapathfor（打开了通道）requiresadifferentframeofmind（需要有新的思想）thefollowingsentencesfromText1intoChinese.1)有些人声称黑客是那些超越知识疆界而不造成危害的好人（或即使造成危害，但并非故意而为），而“骇客”才是真正的坏人。2)这可以指获取计算机系统的存储 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 ，获得一个系统的处理能力，或捕获系统之间正在交流的信息。3)那些系统开发者或操作者所忽视的不为人知的漏洞很可能是由于糟糕的设计造成的，也可能是为了让系统具备一些必要的功能而导致计划外的结果。4)另一种是预先设定好程序对特定易受攻击对象进行攻击，然而，这种攻击是以鸟枪式的方式发出的，没有任何具体目标，目的是攻击到尽可能多的潜在目标。5)另外，考虑安装一个硬件防火墙并将从互联网中流入和流出的数据限定在几个真正需要的端口，如电子邮件和网站流量。Reading:Text2thewordswiththeirdefinitions.1d2f3h4i5a6e7b8j9g10cthefollowingexpressionsorsentencesbyusingthetargetwordslistedbelowwiththehelpoftheChineseinbrackets.Changetheformifnecessary.1compromised2notoriety3interchangeably4malfunctioned5squeeze6ingenious7emergence8humble9Cunning10vulnerability11criminal12patches13sinister14daunting15replicate16malicious17spirals18secure19blur20stem21disrepute22sophisticated23harness24recipient25convert3.Readthesentencesinthebox.Payattentiontothepartsinbold.NowcompletetheparagraphbytranslatingtheChineseinbrackets.Youmayrefertotheexpressionsandthesentencepatternslistedabove.Thereisevidence（有证据 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 明）sohasthenumberofhackers（黑客的数量也有很大增长）areoftenreferredtoas（往往被称之为）compromiseyourcomputer（损坏你的计算机）captureyourinformation（获取你的信息）accessyourcomputer（进入你的计算机）4.TranslatethefollowingsentencesfromText2intoChinese.1看似无害的编程错误可能被利用，导致电脑被侵入，为电脑病毒和蠕虫的繁衍提供温床。2当一个软件漏洞被发现，黑客可以将它变成一个侵入点，从而造成极大的破坏。在这之前，往往需要争分夺秒地利用正确的软件补丁来防止破坏的发生。3最简单的钓鱼骗局试图利用迅速致富的伎俩诱使诈骗目标寄钱。但网络骗子们也变得越来越狡猾，最近的陷阱是通过发送客户服务的电子邮件让用户进入假银行或商业网站，并在那里请他们“重新输入”他们的账户信息。4间谍软件与垃圾邮件和钓鱼网络一起，构成了三个令人生厌的互联网害虫。尽管有些程序可以通过入侵软件漏洞从而进入电脑，但这些有害而秘密的程序通常会随着其他免费的应用软件侵入到计算机系统中。5尽管因特网已经彻底改变了全球通讯，但是对于那些利用网络力量实现罪恶目的的人和那些负责阻止这些网络犯罪的人来说，他们之间的较量才刚刚开始。Reading:Text31.Matchthewordswiththeirdefinitions.1f2d3e4j5i6h7b8a9g10c2.CompletethefollowingexpressionsorsentencesbyusingthetargetwordslistedbelowwiththehelpoftheChineseinbrackets.Changetheformifnecessary.1irrespective2betailored3prone4opt5maximum6coded7provision8catered9check10ready-made11modified12on-demand13whereabouts14Hazardous15incurred16applicable17developer18onoffer19host20nominal21certified22automated23outage24sync25backup26minimal27mobile3.Readthesentencesinthebox.Payattentiontothepartsinbold.NowcompletetheparagraphbytranslatingtheChineseinbrackets.Youmayrefertotheexpressionsandthesentencepatternslistedabove.Irrespectiveofwhether（不管）saveusersthetrouble（使用户避免这样的麻烦）caterstotheneedsof（迎合了需求）forthepurposeof（其目的就是）4.TranslatethefollowingsentencesfromText3intoChinese.1云计算可定义为一种按次付费模式，这种模式可以根据要求迅速得到计算机分配的可靠资源，用户很少需要自己进行管理。2由于云计算可以用来不断提供资源，因此当你需要扩充计算机容量时就不需要去买硬件，就不会因为用电去冷却计算机设备而产生更多的二氧化碳。3这意味着他们不需要开车到办公地点。这就可以省去燃料费，减少二氧化碳排放，从而保护了环境。4万一断电，客户可以在电脑再启动时使用和主机同步的备份。5除此之外，云计算还不容易受到黑客入侵和分布式拒绝服务的攻击，因为攻击者不知道数据的位置。Reading:Text41.Matchthewordswiththeirdefinitions.1c2e3a4i5g6b7d8f9j10h2.CompletethefollowingexpressionsorsentencesbyusingthetargetwordslistedbelowwiththehelpoftheChineseinbrackets.Changetheformifnecessary.1analogy2compatible3Distribute4implement5activated6static7aggregated8clone9innovative10replacement11crashed12compromised13mine14substantial15asset16centralize17facilities18loose19monitor20integrate21derived22update23download24upgrade25licensed26differential27install28minimum29in-house30crucial3.Readthesentencesinthebox.Payattentiontothepartsinbold.NowcompletetheparagraphbytranslatingtheChineseinbrackets.Youmayrefertotheexpressionsandthesentencepatternslistedabove.remainswideopen（有很大的前景）isderivedfromthewayinwhich（来自这样一个方法）becomescrucial（非常重要）willbesubstantiallyreduced（会大大降低）thefollowingsentencesfromText4intoChinese.1这个术语来自于因特网往往呈现为网络图的方法。2目前云计算技术涉及一个数据中心的存在，这个中心能够为全世界用户提供服务。3这就减少了由于没有硬件，如手提电脑带来的影响。4虚拟化可以使一个损坏的云端服务器迅速找到替代品而不造成大的损失或破坏。5云技术还处于起步阶段，更多新的优点会不断被发现。III.LectureListeningListening:Lecture1helpcomputeruserstobeawareoftheethicalusesofcomputersandtheInternet.2.BecausemoreandmorepeoplehavestartedusingcomputersandtheInternet.Eight.Nine.5.Respectandfairness.1addressesthetopic“howacomputeruseravoidsbeingaconsciousorunconscioushacker”whileText1and2dealwiththewayhackers“getinside”acomputerandelectronicthreatsacomputerfaces.CommandmentsofComputerEthics.Lecture1Computerethics8Goodmorning.DidanyonehearthenewsabouttheteenagerinNewYorkwhohackedintoabank’sdatabaseandstoleabout30,000creditcardnumbersovertheweekendHackingisrelatedtocomputerethics.Computerethicsdealswiththeproperuseofinformationtechnology,suchascomputersandtheInternet.Byproperuse,Imeansociallyresponsibleuse.We’llfirsttalkaboutwhatethicalbehaviorisandthenhowthisappliestocomputeruse.Ethicsisaboutrightandwrongoritdealswithmoraljudgment,withwhatisacceptableorunacceptabletodo.Nowwelearnideasaboutwhatisrightandwrongfromourfamilies,ourfriends,andfromtheculturewelivein.Becauseofdifferencesinourbackgrounds,wemaynotalwaysagreeonwhatisrightandwrong.However,forourdiscussiontoday,IwilldefineforyouwhatImeanbyanethicalaction.Anethicalactionissomethingsomeonedoesthatbenefitssomeoneanddoesn’thurtanyone.So,forexample,ifyouseeamandropsomemoneyandyoupickthemoneyupandgiveittohim,thisisanethicalaction.Ontheotherhand,ifyoupickupthemoneyanddon’tgiveitbacktotheman,thisbenefitsyou,buthurtstheman.Thisisnotanethicalaction.NowwhataboutcomputersWhataretheethicalboundariesforusingcomputersandInternetMostpeopleagreethatitiswrongtostealfromastore.Wouldtheyalsosayit’swrongtocopymusicfilesfromtheInternetOr,totakeanotherexample,mostpeopleagreethatitiswrongtoopenanenvelopeandreadalettertosomeoneelse.Wouldtheyalsosayit’swrongtoreadsomeoneelse’semailInthepastdecadeorso,manymorepeoplehavestartedusingcomputersandtheInternet,sotheseissueshavebecomeimportant.In1992,theComputerEthicsInstitutewasfoundedintheUnitedStates.Thisisaresearch,education,andpolicystudygroupwhosegoalistoincreaseawarenessoftheethicalissuesthatarelikelytocomeupastechnologydevelops.OneconcepttheComputerEthicsInstitutehasdevelopedistheTenCommandmentsofComputerEthics.TheserulesareimportantguidelinestheInstitutethinksallcomputerusersshouldfollow.NowsomeofyoumaybefamiliarwiththeTenCommandmentsfromtheBible,like,uh,“Thoushaltnotkill.”or“Thoushalthonorthyfatherandthymother.”TheTenCommandmentsofComputerEthicshavebeenwritteninthesamestyleoflanguageusedintheTenCommandmentsfromtheBible.Forexample,theyusethephrase“Thoushaltnot”,“Thoushaltnot”means“don’t”or“youshouldn’t”.Let’slookateachcommandmentorrule.Thefirstcommandmentsays:Thoushaltnotuseacomputertoharmotherpeople.Simpleenough,rightNumberTwo:Thoushaltnotinterferewithotherpeople’scomputerwork.Iinterpretthistomeandon’tuseacomputerinanywaythatwillaffectorchangetheworksomeoneelseisdoing.Don’tmoveoreditsomeoneelse’sfileswithouttellingthem.NumberThree:Thoushaltnotsnoopinotherpeople’sfiles.Tosnoopmeanstotrytofindoutsomethingwithoutanotherpersonknowingit.Ifyoulookatsomeoneelse’sfilesonthecomputerorreadtheiremail,you’resnooping.Respectotherpeople’sprivacy.NumberFour:Thoushaltnotuseacomputertosteal.TherearesituationsontheInternetinwhichyouhavetodecideifyouarestealingornot,likedownloadingmusicfiles,asImentionedearlier.NumberFive:Thoushaltnotuseacomputertosaythingsthatareuntrue.Itisuptoyoutobetruthfulinyourwebsite,inyoure-business,andinyouremail.NumberSix:Thoushaltnotusesoftwareforwhichyouhavenotpaid.Inotherwords,ifthesoftwareisfreeontheInternet,it’sokaytodownloadanduseit.However,itisnotokaytocopysoftwarefromafriend,becauseyoudidn’tpayforit.NumberSeven:Thoushaltnotuseotherpeople’scomputerresourceswithouttellingthem,orwithoutpayingthem.Forexample,youshouldn’tusesomeoneelse’scomputer,password,orInternetconnectionwithoutaskingthemfirst.NumberEight:Thoushaltnotappropriatesomeoneelse’sideas.Appropriatemeanstotakewordssomeoneelsewroteandsaythey’reyours.Uh,forexample,youhavetowriteareportforschool.IfyoucopyatermpaperfromtheInternetandhanditin,you’rebreakingtherule.CopyingevenafewsentencesofftheInternetandpresentingthemasyourownisbreakingtherule.NumberNine:Theninthcommandmentsays:Thoushaltthinkaboutthesocialconsequencesoftheprogramyouarewriting.Now,thisappliesmostlytocomputerprogrammers.Socialconsequencesmeanshowtheprogramyou’rewritingmightaffectothersinsociety.CouldhackerspossiblyuseyourprogramtoillegallygainaccesstoacomputersystemSkillfulhackerscanhackintobanksandintocreditcardcompanies;theycanalteraccountsandstealmoney.Theycanalsocreatevirusesthatcancausebillionsofdollarsofdamageworldwide.NumberTen,Thetenthcommandmentsays:Thoushaltalwaysuseacomputerinwaysthatarerespectfulofothers.Forexample,sendingunfriendlyemailtosomeoneoraboutsomeoneorcreatingwebsiteswithnegativemessagesareexamplesofbreakingthisrule.OK,theComputerEthicsInstitutehassenttheseguidelinestomanylargecompaniesandtoschoolsacrosstheUnitedStates.However,there’snowaytoenforcetheserules.Nevertheless,theywouldliketoseeschools,inparticular,utilizetheserulestohelpstudentsdevelopastrongsenseofcomputerethics.Well,therearealotofrules,buttheyallboildowntoacoupleofprinciples:respectandfairness.Respectwhatbelongstoothersanduseresourcesfairly.Nowlet’sgobacktoethics.Nowincreasingly,schoolsareseeingthatstudentsneedtobetaughtcomputerethicsaspartoftheschoolcurriculum.Someschoolshavecomeupwithacceptable-usepolicies,orrulesaboutwhatisorisn’tOKforstudentstodoregardingcomputeruse.ThisishowtheComputerEthicsInstitutewouldliketoseeschoolsutilizingtherules.Generally,it’sconsideredwrongtostealsomeoneelse’spasswordortoreadsomeelse’semail.It’salsoconsideredunacceptableincollegeclassesforastudenttodownloadatermpaperofftheInternetandpretendthatheorshewroteit.Thisiscalled“plagiarism”,andit’sagoodexampleofbreakingRuleNumberEight.StudentsarepermittedtousetheInternetforresearch,butareinstructedtowritetheinformationintheirownwordsandtoexplainwheretheygottheinformation.Nowthetenrulesareguidelinesforustofollow.Theseruleshelpustobeawareoftheethicalusesoftechnology.Let’sstopherefortoday.Thinkabouttheserulesthisweekandwe’lltalkaboutthem.Andreadthenexttwochaptersfornextweek.Listening:Lecture21It’sasophisticatedgroupofpoliticallymotivatedhackers.2Weshouldtalktohackersandmakeuseofthem.3Theydobusinessbyusingtheescrowsystem.4Hackerswhohavedisabilitieslikeautism.5Recruitingandmobilizinghackersonbehalfofthestate.6FacedwiththethreatsofcomputerhackersmentionedinText1and2,thespeakersuggeststhatweshouldtalktohackers,understandtheirdisabilities,andmakeuseoftheirtalent.7UnderstandandMakeUseofHackers.Lecture2Computerhackers!Nowthisisaveryun-TED-likethingtodo,butlet’skickofftheafternoonwithamessagefromamysterysponsor.Anonymous:DearFoxNews,ithascometoourunfortunateattentionthatboththenameandnatureofAnonymoushasbeenravaged.Weareeveryoneandwearenoone.Weareanonymous.Wearelegion.Wedonotforgive.Wedonotforget.Wearethebaseofchaos.Anonymous,ladiesandgentlemen—asophisticatedgroupofpoliticallymotivatedhackerswhohaveemergedin2011.Andthey’reprettyscary.Youneverknowwhenthey’regoingtoattacknext,whoorwhattheconsequenceswillbe.Butinterestingly,theyhaveasenseofhumor.TheseguyshackedintoFoxNews’TwitteraccounttoannouncePresidentObama’sassassination.NowyoucanimaginethepanicthatwouldhavegeneratedinthenewsroomatFox.“WhatdowedonowPutonablackarmband,orcrackopenthechampagne”(Laughter)Andofcourse,whocouldescapetheironyofamemberofRupertMurdoch’sNewsCorp.beingavictimofhackingforachange.(Laughter,applause)Sometimesyouknowyouturnonthenewsandyousay,“Isthereanyonelefttohack”SonyPlayStationNetwork—done;thegovernmentofTurkey—tick,Britain’sSeriousOrganizedCrimeAgency—abreeze,theCIA—fallingoffalog.Infact,afriendofminefromthesecurityindustrytoldmetheotherdaythattherearetwotypesofcompaniesintheworld:thosethatknowthey’vebeenhacked,andthosethatdon’t.ImeanthreecompaniesprovidingcybersecurityservicestotheFBIhavebeenhacked.Imeanisnothingsacredanymore,forheaven’ssakeAnyway,thismysteriousgroupAnonymous—andtheywouldsaythisthemselves—theyareprovidingaservicebydemonstratinghowuselesscompaniesareatprotectingourdata.ButthereisalsoaveryseriousaspecttoAnonymous—theyareideologicallydriven.Theyclaimthattheyarebattlingadastardlyconspiracy.TheysaythatgovernmentsaretryingtotakeovertheInternetandcontrolit,andthatthey,Anonymous,aretheauthenticvoiceofresistance—beitagainstglobalmediacorporations,oragainstintelligenceagencies,orwhoeveritis.Andtheirpoliticsarenotentirelyunattractive.Okay,they’realittleinchoate.There’sastrongwhiffofsortofhalf-bakedanarchismaboutthem.Butonethingistrue:WeareatthebeginningofamightystruggleforcontroloftheInternet.TheWeblinkseverything,andverysoonitwillmediatemosthumanactivity.BecausetheInternethasfashionedanewandcomplicatedenvironmentforanold-agedilemmathatpitsthedemandsofsecuritywiththedesireforfreedom.Nowthisisaverycomplicatedstruggle.Andunfortunately,formortalslikeyouandme,weprobablycan’tunderstanditverywell.Nonetheless,inanunexpectedattackofhubrisacoupleofyearsago,IdecidedIwouldtryanddothat.AndIsortofgetit.ThesewerethevariousthingsthatIwaslookingatasIwastryingtounderstandit.Butinordertotryandexplainthewholething,Iwouldneedanother18minutesorsotodoit,soyou’rejustgonnahavetotakeitontrustfrommeonthisoccasion,andletmeassureyouthatalloftheseissuesareinvolvedincybersecurityandcontroloftheInternetonewayortheother,butinaconfigurationthatevenStephenHawkingwouldprobablyhavedifficultytryingtogethisheadaround.Sothereyouare.Andasyousee,inthemiddle,thereisouroldfriend,thehacker.Thehackerisabsolutelycentraltomanyofthepolitical,socialandeconomicissuesaffectingtheNet.AndsoIthoughttomyself,“Well,thesearetheguyswhoIwanttotalkto.”Andwhatdoyouknow,nobodyelsedoestalktothehackers.They’recompletelyanonymous,asitwere.Sodespitethefactthatwearebeginningtopourbillions,hundredsofbillionsofdollars,intocybersecurity—forthemostextraordinarytechnicalsolutions—noonewantstotalktotheseguys,thehackers,whoaredoingeverything.Instead,wepreferthesereallydazzlingtechnologicalsolutions,whichcostahugeamountofmoney.Sonothingisgoingintothehackers.Well,Isaynothing,butactuallythereisoneteenyweenylittleresearchunitinTurin,Italy,calledtheHackersProfilingProject.Andtheyaredoingsomefantasticresearchintothecharacteristics,intotheabilitiesandthesocializationofhackers.Butbecausethey’rea.operation,maybethat’swhygovernmentsandcorporationsaren’tthatinterestedinthem.Becauseit’sa.operation,ofcourse,itlacksfunding.ButIthinkthey’redoingveryimportantwork.Becausewherewehaveasurfeitoftechnologyinthecybersecurityindustry,wehaveadefinitelackof—callmeold-fashioned—humanintelligence.Now,sofarI’vementionedthehackersAnonymouswhoareapoliticallymotivatedhackinggroup.Ofcourse,thecriminaljusticesystemtreatsthemascommonoldgardencriminals.Butinterestingly,Anonymousdoesnotmakeuseofitshackedinformationforfinancialgain.ButwhatabouttherealcybercriminalsWell,realorganizedcrimeontheInternetgoesbackabout10yearswhenagroupofgiftedUkrainianhackersdevelopedawebsite,whichledtotheindustrializationofcybercrime.WelcometothenowforgottenrealmofCarderPlanet.ThisishowtheywereadvertisingthemselvesadecadeagoontheNet.NowCarderPlanetwasveryinteresting.Cybercriminalswouldgotheretobuyandsellstolencreditcarddetails,toexchangeinformationaboutnewmalwarethatwasoutthere.Andremember,thisisatimewhenwe’reseeingforthefirsttimeso-calledoff-the-shelfmalware.Thisissortofreadyforuse,out-of-the-boxstuff,whichyoucandeployevenifyou’renotaterriblysophisticatedhacker.AndsoCarderPlanetbecameasortofsupermarketforcybercriminals.Anditscreatorswereincrediblysmartandentrepreneurial,becausetheywerefacedwithoneenormouschallengeascybercriminals.Andthatchallengeis:Howdoyoudobusiness,howdoyoutrustsomebodyontheWebwhoyouwanttodobusinesswithwhenyouknowthatthey’reacriminal(Laughter)Imeanit’saxiomaticthatthey’redodgy,andthey’regoingtowanttotryandripyouoff.Sothefamily,astheinnercoreofCarderPlanetwasknown,cameupwiththisbrilliantideacalledtheescrowsystem.Theyappointedanofficerwhowouldmediatebetweenthevendorandthepurchaser.Thevendor,say,hadstolencreditcarddetails;thepurchaserwantedtogetholdofthem.Thepurchaserwouldsendtheadministrativeofficersomedollarsdigitally,andthevendorwouldsellthestolencreditcarddetai