(人教版)中考英语一轮复习词汇整理+语法讲解七年级下册Unit 1 （词汇+语法讲解） (含答案)

一轮复习:七下U1词汇+语法讲解【单词默写】意思单词词性意思单词词性也，而且小提琴到家，在家周末在今天跳舞或者，也不(用于否定句)舞蹈(=centre)中心，中央画国际象棋参加，加入俱乐部，社团使成为，制造鼓给…看，展示吉他唱歌家，活动本部说(某种语言)，说话(中国)功夫教，讲授音乐家讲述，告诉人，人们写作，写字钢琴游泳演出，节目说话，交谈故事，小说【单词变形】单词三单过去式过去分词现在分词dancedrawjoinmakeshowsingspeakteachtellwriteswimtalk单词复数单词复数单词复数clubmusicianpianodrumweekendshowguitarpeoplestoryhome【单词变性】center名词变形容词______________musician名词变名词______________piano名词变名词______________violin名词变名词______________dance动词变名词______________draw动词变名词______________make动词变名词______________sing动词变名词______________speak动词变名词______________teach动词变名词______________write动词变名词______________【一词多义】1.home________________________________________________Heisn’tathomenow.Hedidn'tgethomeuntil7o’clock.Thebiggrasslandishometomostanimals.2.show___________________________________________________________________________________Theshowtonightisofgreatsuccess.Couldyoushowmearoundyourschool?Pleaseshowyourpassport.Helikestoshowoffwhathehas.Hedidn'tshowupuntil7o’clock.3.speak____________________________________________CouldyouspeakChinese?OurteacheroftenspeakshighlyofMarywhowonthefirstprizeinmanycompetitions.Hewantstospeakoutthetruth,buthecan’t.4.tell__________________________________________________________________________________Iwilltellyouasecretaboutmyselftomorrow.MymotheralwaystoldastoryatnightwhenIwasachild.Couldyoutellthedifferencesbeweenthetwomonkeyking?【词汇用法】1.also:adv./放在句中，用于肯定句中近义词辨析:eithervs.toovs.alsoeither:adv./放在句末，用于否定或疑问句too:adv./放在句末，用于肯定句中also:adv./放在句中，用于肯定句中2.or:用于否定或疑问句中/并列连词/转折连词Wouldyoulikeapplesorbananas?Eitheryouorhimcangototheparty.Youcangototheparkwithhimorgotothecinemawithme?Hurryup,oryouwillbelate.3.show:vt./showsb.sth./showsth.tosb./showup/showoff/showsb.around/n./watchashow4.teach:vt./teachsb.sth./teachsth.tosb./teachoneself/teachsb.alesson.同义词:teachoneself/learnbyoneself5.write:vt./writealetter(withapen/onapieceofpaper)相关词辨析:sayvs.readvs.writesay:Thereisanotesaying:read:Thereisanotereading:write:Thereisanotewritten:6.talk:vi./talkaboutsth./talkwithsb./talktosb./n./haveatalkwithsb.近义词辨析:say:说vt./saysth./sb.says/saytooneselfn.sayingtalk:讨论，谈论，vi./talkwithsb./talktosb./talkaboutsth.n.haveatalkwithsb.tell:告诉，辨别vt./tellsb.sth./tellsth.tosb./tellastory/tellthedifferencespeak:说vt./speakEnglish/speakhighof7.dance:vi./dancetomusic/dancewithsb.8.join:v./joinsb./joininaclub/ateam近义词辨析:joinvs.takepartinjoin:v./joinsb./joininaclub/ateamtakepartin:v./takepartinanactivity9.make:v./makesb.dosth./makesb.+adj./makesb./sth.done/makesth./makesb.+n./make的短语:makeup______________bemadeupof______________bemadeof______________bemadefrom______________makeuseof______________bemadeoutof______________bemadein______________makeadifference______________makeadecision______________makeprogress______________makefunof______________makealiving______________近义词辨析:makevs.havevs.letvs.gethave:使…havesb.dosth./havesb.doingsth./havesth.Donemake:使…makesb.dosth./makesth./sb.done迫使，促使let:使…letsb.dosth.允许get:使…getsb.todosth./getsth.done【攻占语法】情态动词(can/could)1.can的问答:1)—Canyouhelpme?—Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.2)—CanIhelpyou?—Yes,Iwantapairoftrousers.3)—Canyouflyinthesky?—Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.2.can的用法:1)can表能力:canvs.beabletodo请在对应符合的框框内打”√”有人称的变化无人称的变化有时态的变化无时态的变化有除一般现在时和一般过去时以外的时态无除一般现在时和一般过去时以外的时态canbeableto2)can表允许:通常用canYoucanusemypeninstead.3)can表请求:could在此处表示的是____________时态，希望对方肯定的回答，语气较委婉Canyouhelpme,please?Couldyouhelpme?4)can表建议:shouldvs.can/couldshould表示应该，语气上更强硬can/could表示可以，提供一种选择Youcouldgotoseeadoctor.Youshouldgotoseeadoctor.5)can表推测:对现在的推测vs.对过去的推测对现在的推测:____________________________对过去的推测:____________________________Hecouldn'tbeathomenowbecausenobodyanswersthedoor.Hecouldn'thavebeenathomelastnightbecausenobodyansweredwhenIknockedthedoor.6)can的搭配:can+否定+比较级:___________________________________________________________________________【词汇练习】Helikesplayingvolleyball,andhea________likesplayingbaseball.Ourschoolisinthec________ofthecityanditiseasytogoanywhere.NexttermIwanttotakemorec________suchasmusic,writingandsoon.Allthekidsareveryhappy.Theyaresingingandd________.Mylittlesisterlikesartandsheisinterestedind________pictures.Jackcanplaysomeinstruments,includingthepianoandtheg________.H________isthemostimportanttomostpeoplethanmoney.Andyisgoodattellingstories,sohewantstoj______thestorytellingclub.Iwithanotherthreefriendsj________theLeaguelastyear.I’mproudofit.Theboysm________notrouble—theyjustmadeitforfun.Heisgoodatmusic,sohewantstobeam________whenhegrowsup.Don’teattoomuchjunkfood,o________youwillbeinbadhealth.P________needtobefriendlytoeachother.Andthenwecanhavemorefriends.Look!Therearealotofp________overthere!IcanplaytheguitarbutIcan’tplayit.Manysingersanddancerss________anddancedonSpringFestivalGala(春晚).Whataman!Hepromisedtobehereatfour,butdidn’ts________upuntilsix.LeoisanEnglishboy,buthecans____goodChinese.Iwanttohaveafriendtopracticemys________English.Mygrandmaoftentellsmes________.Theyarereallyfunny.DoyouknowSunYang?Heisas________star.Not________.Theyarehavingaclass.Thestoryt_______usanimportantlessonthatweshouldprotectanimals.T________thedifferencesbetweenthetwinbrothersisnotdifficult.Dave’suncleisafamousmusician.Heplaysthev________verywell.Ihavetoworkonweekdays.ButIcangotherewithyouonthew________.I’mw________alettertothecompanyformoreinformationaboutthejob.Ihavealreadyw________threee-mailstomymothersinceIleftmyhometownlastmonth.Lastweek,Tomw________alettertohismothertotellherhewashappy.Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisawriterwhohasw________manybooks.Mikeisgoodatw________storiesandhisclassmateslikereadingthem.【语法练习】Youtellmewhat’shappeningoverthere?A.CouldB.MayC.MightD.Shall—Somethingflyingfarawaymustbeahawk.—No,itbeahawk.A.mustn’tB.mightn’tC.can’tD.mightManreachthemoonoranyotherstarintheuniversenow,butwegetthereyearsago.A.can;couldn’tB.areableto;weren’tabletoC.must;needn’tD.can;hadto“What_______Idoforyou?”means“Ihelpyou?”A.can,MayB.shall;NeedC.can;CanD.will;ShallThespeakerspokeslowlysothathe_________beheardclearly.A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.shallThepatient_________livelongforhiscancer.A.hastoB.mustn’tC.cannotD.needn’t—CouldIborrowyourdictionary?—Yes,ofcourseyou______.A.mightB.willC.canD.shouldThefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone______getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto—Helen,willyoubeatthepartytonight?—Yes,butIhavesomuchhomeworktodothatIreally_______.A.won’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.shouldn’tAwiseman__sometimesmakeamistake.A.canB.mayC.mightD.mustTherearesomanypeopleinthestreetthatI_____getthrough.A.can’tB.couldn’tC.needn’tD.mustn’tLastnighthehurthisleg,butatlasthe______gethomesafely.A.couldB.canC.dareD.wasableto【参考答案】意思单词词性意思单词词性也，而且alsoadv.小提琴violinn.到家，在家homeadv.周末weekendn.在今天todayadv.跳舞dancev.或者，也不(用于否定句)orconj.舞蹈dancev.(=centre)中心，中央centern.画drawv.国际象棋chessn.参加，加入joinv.俱乐部，社团clubn.使成为，制造makev.鼓drumn.给…看，展示showv.吉他guitarn.唱歌singv.家，活动本部homen.说(某种语言)，说话speakv.(中国)功夫kungfun.教，讲授teachv.音乐家musiciann.讲述，告诉tellv.人，人们peoplen.写作，写字writev.钢琴pianon.游泳swimv.&n.演出，节目shown.说话，交谈talkv.&n.故事，小说storyn.单词三单过去式过去分词现在分词dancedancesdanceddanceddancingdrawdrawsdrewdrawndrawingjoinjoinsjoinedjoinedjoiningmakemakesmademademakingshowshowsshowedshowedshowingsingsingssangsangsingingspeakspeaksspokespokenspeakingteachteachestaughttaughtteachingtelltellstoldtoldtellingwritewriteswrotewrittenwritingswimswimsswamswumswimmingtalktalkstalkedtalkedtalking单词复数单词复数单词复数clubclubsmusicianmusicianspianopianosdrumdrumsweekendweekendsshowshowsguitarguitarspeople/storystorieshome/center名词变形容词centralmusician名词变名词musicpiano名词变名词pianistviolin名词变名词violinistdance动词变名词dancerdraw动词变名词drawingmake动词变名词makersing动词变名词singerspeak动词变名词speakerteach动词变名词teacherwrite动词变名词writer1.home在家到家家Heisn’tathomenow.Hedidn'tgethomeuntil7o’clock.Thebiggrasslandishometomostanimals.2.show表演展示出示炫耀出现Theshowtonightisofgreatsuccess.Couldyoushowmearoundyourschool?Pleaseshowyourpassport.Helikestoshowoffwhathehas.Hedidn'tshowupuntil7o’clock.3.speak说高度赞扬大声说CouldyouspeakChinese?OurteacheroftenspeakshighlyofMarywhowonthefirstprizeinmanycompetitions.Hewantstospeakoutthetruth,buthecan’t.4.tell告诉说(故事)辨别Iwilltellyouasecretaboutmyselftomorrow.MymotheralwaystoldastoryatnightwhenIwasachild.Couldyoutellthedifferencesbeweenthetwomonkeyking?9.make:v./makesb.dosth./makesb.+adj./makesb./sth.done/makesth./makesb.+n./make的短语:makeup组成，装扮，编造bemadeupof由…组成bemadeof由…制成bemadefrom由…制成makeuseof充分利用bemadeoutof由…制成bemadein在…制成makeadifference使与众不同makeadecision做决定makeprogress取得进步makefunof嘲笑makealiving谋生2.can的用法:1)can表能力:canvs.beabletodo请在对应符合的框框内打”√”有人称的变化无人称的变化有时态的变化无时态的变化有除一般现在时和一般过去时以外的时态无除一般现在时和一般过去时以外的时态can√√√beableto√√√3)can表请求:could在此处表示的是一般现在时时态，希望对方肯定的回答，语气较委婉Canyouhelpme,please?Couldyouhelpme?5)can表推测:对现在的推测vs.对过去的推测对现在的推测:can/coulddo对过去的推测:can/couldhavedoneHecouldn'tbeathomenowbecausenobodyanswersthedoor.Hecouldn'thavebeenathomelastnightbecausenobodyansweredwhenIknockedthedoor.6)can的搭配:can+否定+比较级:再…也不为过【词汇练习】AlsocenterclubsdancingdrawingguitarHomejoinjoinedmademusicianorPeoplepianossangshowedspeakspokenstoriesswimmingtalkingtellsTellingviolinweekendswritingwrittenwrotewrittenwriting【语法练习】ACACCCCDBAAD