NRC(1998)猪营养需要标准(最新)

NRC1998营养需要标准     表1生长猪日粮氨基酸需要量（自由采食，日粮含90%干物质）a体重（kg）指标单位3~55~1010~2020~5050~8080~120平均体重kg47.5153565100消化能kcal/kg340034003400340034003400代谢能kcal/kgb326532653265326532653265消化能进食量kcal/kg855169034006305876010450代谢能进食量kcal/kgb820162032656050841010030采食量G/b2505001000185525753075粗蛋白%c2623.720.91815.513.2回肠末端真可消化氨基酸需要量d精氨酸%0.540.420.330.240.16组氨酸%0.430.380.320.260.210.16异亮氨酸%0.730.650.550.450.370.29亮氨酸%1.351.21.020.830.670.51赖氨酸%1.341.191.010.830.660.52蛋氨酸%0.360.320.270.220.180.14蛋氨酸+胱氨酸%0.760.680.580.470.390.31苯丙氨酸%0.80.710.610.490.40.31苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸%1.261.120.950.780.630.49苏氨酸%0.840.740.630.520.430.34色氨酸%0.240.220.180.150.120.1缬氨酸%0.910.810.690.560.450.35回肠末端表现可消化氨基酸需要量精氨酸%0.510.460.930.310.220.14组氨酸%0.40.360.310.250.20.16异亮氨酸%0.690.610.520.420.340.26亮氨酸%1.291.150.980.80.640.5赖氨酸%1.261.110.940.770.610.5蛋氨酸%0.340.30.260.210.170.13蛋氨酸+胱氨酸%0.710.630.530.440.360.29苯丙氨酸%0.750.660.560.460.370.28苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸%1.181.050.890.720.580.45苏氨酸%0.750.660.560.460.370.3色氨酸%0.220.190.160.130.10.08缬氨酸%0.840.740.630.510.410.32总氨酸需要量c精氨酸%0.590.540.460.370.270.19组氨酸%0.480.430.360.30.240.19异亮氨酸%0.830.730.630.510.420.33亮氨酸%1.51.321.120.90.710.54赖氨酸%1.51.351.150.950.750.6蛋氨酸%0.40.350.30.250.20.16蛋氨酸+胱氨酸%0.860.760.650.540.440.35苯丙氨酸%0.90.80.680.550.440.34苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸%1.411.251.060.870.70.55苏氨酸%0.980.860.740.610.510.41色氨酸%0.270.240.210.170.140.11缬氨酸%1.040.920.790.640.520.4注：a：公母按1：1混养，从20~120kg体重，每天沉积无脂瘦肉325g；b：消化能转化为代谢能的效率为96%，在本表中所列玉米-豆粕型日粮的粗蛋白条件下，消化能转化为代谢能的效率为94%~96%；1kcal=4.18kj，后表同。c：本表中所列粗蛋白含量适用于玉米-豆粕型日粮，对于采食含血浆或奶产品的3~10kg仔猪，粗蛋白水平可以降低2%~3%；d：总氨基酸的需要量基于以下日粮：3~5kg仔猪，玉米-豆粕日粮，含5%的血浆制品和25%~50%的奶制品；5~10kg仔猪，玉米-豆粕日粮含5%~25%的奶制品；10~120kg生长猪，玉米-豆粕型日粮；e：3~20kg体重猪的总赖氨酸需要量是根据经验数据计算出来的，其它氨基酸是根据它们和赖氨酸的比例（真可消化基础）计算出来的，不过也有极个别数据是通过经验数据计算出来的；20~120kg体重的氨基酸需要量是通过生长模型计算出来的。表2生长猪每天氨基酸需要量（自由采食，日粮含90%干物质）体重（kg）指标单位3~55~1010~2020~5050~8080~120平均体重kg47.5153565100消化能kcal/kg340034003400340034003400代谢能kcal/kgb326532653265326532653265消化能进食量kcal/kg855169034006305876010450代谢能进食量kcal/kgb820162032656050841010030采食量G/b2505001000185525753075粗蛋白%c2623.720.91815.513.2回肠末端真可消化氨基酸需要量d精氨酸G/b1.42.44.26.16.24.8组氨酸G/b1.11.93.24.95.55.1异亮氨酸G/b1.83.25.58.49.48.8亮氨酸G/b3.4610.315.57.215.8赖氨酸G/b3.45.910.115.317.115.8蛋氨酸G/b0.91.62.74.14.64.3蛋氨酸+胱氨酸G/b1.93.45.88.8109.5苯丙氨酸G/b23.56.19.110.29.4苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸G/b3.25.59.514.416.115.1苏氨酸G/b2.13.76.39.71110.5色氨酸G/b0.61.11.92.83.12.9缬氨酸G/b2.346.910.411.610.8回肠末端表现可消化氨基酸需要量精氨酸G/b1.32.33.95.75.74.3组氨酸G/b11.83.14.65.24.8异亮氨酸G/b1.735.27.88.78亮氨酸G/b3.25.79.814.816.515.3赖氨酸G/b3.25.59.414.215.814.4蛋氨酸G/b0.91.52.63.94.44.1蛋氨酸+胱氨酸G/b1.83.15.38.29.38.8苯丙氨酸G/b1.93.35.78.59.48.6苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸G/b35.28.913.41513.9苏氨酸G/b1.93.35.68.59.69.1色氨酸G/b0.511.62.42.72.5缬氨酸G/b2.13.76.39.510.69.8总氨基酸需要量c精氨酸G/b1.52.74.66.8表3瘦肉生长速度不同的阉公猪和母猪日粮氨基酸需要量(自由采食,日粮含90%干物质)体重范围50~8080~120瘦肉生长速度（g/b）300325300325350性别阉公猪母猪阉公猪母猪阉公猪母猪阉公猪母猪阉公猪母猪阉公猪母猪平均体重,kg656565656565100100100100100100消化能kcal/kg340034003400340034003400340034003400340034003400代谢能,kcal/kg326532653265326532653265326532653265326532653265消化能进食量,kcal/kg936081659360816593608165111509750111509750111509750代谢能进食量,kcal/kgb898578408985784089857840107509360107509360107509360采食量,g/b275024002755240027552400328028653280286532802865粗蛋白(%)c14.215.514.916.315.617.112.213.212.713.813.214.4回肠末端真可消化氨基酸需要量(%)d精氨酸0.20.230.220.260.250.280.130.150.150.170.160.19组氨酸0.180.210.20.230.210.240.140.160.150.180.170.19异亮氨酸0.320.360.340.390.370.420.250.290.270.310.290.33亮氨酸0.580.660.620.720.670.770.450.510.480.550.520.59赖氨酸0.580.660.620.710.670.760.450.510.480.550.520.59蛋氨酸0.160.180.170.190.180.210.120.140.130.150.140.16蛋氨酸+胱氨酸0.340.390.360.420.390.440.270.310.290.330.310.35苯丙氨酸0.340.390.370.420.40.460.270.30.290.330.310.35苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸0.540.620.590.670.630.720.430.490.460.520.490.56苏氨酸0.370.430.40.460.430.490.30.340.320.370.340.39色氨酸0.110.120.110.130.120.140.080.10.090.10.10.11缬氨酸0.390.450.420.480.450.520.30.350.330.380.350.4回肠末端表现可消化氨基酸需要量(%)精氨酸0.190.210.210.240.230.260.120.130.130.150.150.17组氨酸0.170.20.190.210.20.230.140.150.150.170.160.18异亮氨酸0.290.340.310.360.340.390.230.260.240.280.260.3亮氨酸0.560.640.60.690.650.740.430.50.470.530.50.57赖氨酸0.530.610.570.660.610.710.410.470.440.510.470.54蛋氨酸0.150.170.160.180.170.20.120.130.130.140.130.15蛋氨酸+胱氨酸0.310.360.340.390.360.410.250.290.270.310.290.33苯丙氨酸0.320.360.340.390.370.420.240.280.260.30.280.32苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸0.50.580.540.620.580.670.390.450.420.490.450.52苏氨酸0.320.370.350.40.370.430.260.30.280.320.30.34色氨酸0.090.10.10.110.10.120.070.080.070.090.080.09缬氨酸0.360.410.380.440.410.470.280.320.30.340.320.37总氨基酸需要量(%)c精氨酸0.240.270.260.290.280.320.160.180.180.20.190.22组氨酸0.210.240.230.260.240.280.170.190.180.20.190.22异亮氨酸0.360.410.390.450.420.480.290.330.310.350.330.37亮氨酸0.610.710.670.770.720.830.460.540.50.580.540.63赖氨酸0.670.760.720.820.770.880.530.60.570.640.60.69蛋氨酸,0.170.20.190.210.20.230.140.150.150.170.160.18蛋氨酸+胱氨酸0.380.440.410.470.440.50.310.350.330.380.350.4苯丙氨酸0.380.440.410.470.440.510.290.340.320.360.340.39苯丙氨酸+胱氨酸0.610.70.650.750.70.80.480.540.510.590.550.63苏氨酸0.440.50.470.540.510.580.360.410.380.440.410.46色氨酸0.120.140.130.150.140.160.10.110.10.120.110.13缬氨酸0.450.510.480.550.520.590.350.40.380.430.40.46注：a：从20~120kg体重，每日沉积30g、325和350g无脂瘦肉，依次相当于瘦肉生长速度一般、较高和最高；b：消化能转化为代谢能的效率为96%；c：粗蛋白和总氨基酸需要量基于玉米-豆粕型日粮；d：根据生长模型的计算值。表4瘦肉生长速度不同的阉公猪和母猪日氨基酸需要量（自由采食，日粮含90%干物质）体重范围50~8080~120瘦肉生长速度（g/b）300325300325350性别阉公猪母猪阉公猪母猪阉公猪母猪阉公猪母猪阉公猪母猪阉公猪母猪平均体重,kg656565656565100100100100100100消化能kcal/kg340034003400340034003400340034003400340034003400代谢能,kcal/kg326532653265326532653265326532653265326532653265消化能进食量,kcal/kg936081659360816593608165111509750111509750111509750代谢能进食量,kcal/kgb898578408985784089857840107509360107509360107509360采食量,g/b275024002755240027552400328028653280286532802865粗蛋白(%)c14.215.514.916.315.617.112.213.212.713.813.214.4回肠末端真可消化氨基酸需要量(g/b)d精氨酸5.66.26.84.24.85.3组氨酸5.15.55.94.75.15.4异亮氨酸8.79.410.18.28.89.4亮氨酸15.917.218.514.615.816.9赖氨酸15.917.118.414.715.817蛋氨酸4.34.6544.34.6蛋氨酸+胱氨酸9.31010.78.99.510.1苯丙氨酸9.410.210.98.79.410.1苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸1516.117.31415.116.1苏氨酸10.31111.89.910.511.2色氨酸2.93.13.42.72.93.2缬氨酸10.811.612.51010.811.5回肠末端表现可消化氨基酸需要量(g/b)精氨酸5.15.76.33.84.34.8组氨酸4.85.25.54.44.85.1异亮氨酸88.79.37.588.6亮氨酸15.316.517.714.215.316.4赖氨酸14.615.716.913.414.415.5蛋氨酸4.14.44.73.84.14.4蛋氨酸+胱氨酸8.69.39.98.38.89.4苯丙氨酸8.79.410.188.69.3苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸13.91516.112.913.914.9苏氨酸8.99.610.38.59.19.7色氨酸2.52.72.92.32.52.6缬氨酸9.810.611.49.19.810.5总氨基酸需要量(%)c精氨酸6.47.17.75.15.76.3组氨酸5.86.36.75.55.96.3,异亮氨酸1010.711.59.410.110.7亮氨酸16.918.419.815.316.617.9赖氨酸18.319.721.117.318.519.7蛋氨酸4.85.15.54.44.85.1蛋氨酸+胱氨酸10.511.312.110.110.811.5苯丙氨酸10.511.312.29.710.411.2苯丙氨酸+胱氨酸16.71819.315.616.818苏氨酸12.21313.911.812.613.3色氨酸3.33.63.83.23.43.6缬氨酸12.413.314.311.512.413.2注：a：从20~120kg体重，每日沉积30g、325和350g无脂瘦肉，依次相当于瘦肉生长速度一般、较高和最高；b：消化能转化为代谢能的效率为96%；c：粗蛋白和总氨基酸需要量基于玉米-豆粕型日粮；d：根据生长模型的计算值。表5生长猪日粮矿物质、维生素和亚油酸需要量（自由采食，日粮90%干物质）a指标单位体重（kg）3~55~1010~2020~5050~8080~120平均体重kg47.5153565100消化能kcal/kg340034003400340034003400代谢能kcal/kgb326532653265326532653265消化能进食量kcal/kg855169034006305876010450代谢能进食量kcal/kgb820162032656050841010030采食量(g/b)2505001000185525753075矿物质需要量0.45钙%c0.90.80.70.60.50.45总磷%0.70.650.60.50.450.4有效磷%0.550.40.320.230.190.15钠%0.250.20.150.10.10.1氯%0.250.20.150.080.080.08镁%0.040.040.040.040.040.04钾%0.30.280.260.230.190.17铜mg/kg66543.53碘mg/kg0.140.140.140.140.140.14铁mg/kg10010080605040锰mg/kg443222硒mg/kg0.30.30.250.150.150.15锌mg/kg10010080605050维生素需要量维生素A(IU)d220022001750130013001300维生素D3mg/d220220200150150150维生素Emg/d161611111111维生素K3mg/d0.50.50.50.50.50.5生物素g/b0.080.050.050.050.050.05胆碱mg/d0.60.50.40.30.30.3叶碱Mg/kge0.30.30.30.30.30.3烟碱（可利用）mg/d201512.51077泛碱mg/d12109877核黄素mg/d43.532.522硫胺素mg/d1.511111维生素B6mg/d21.51.5111维生素B12ug/d2017.5151055亚油酸%0.10.10.10.10.10.1注：a：瘦肉生长速度较高（每天无脂瘦肉大于325g）的猪对某些矿物元素和维生素的需要量可能会比表中所列数值略高；b：消化能；转化为代谢能的效率为96%，对玉米-豆粕日粮，这一转化为94%~96%，依粗蛋白含量而定；c：体重50~100kg的后备公猪和后备母猪日粮中钙、磷、可利用磷的含量应增加到0.05~0.10个百分点；d：1IU维生素A=0.344ug乙酸视黄酯；IU维生素D3=0.05ug胆钙醇；1IU维生素E=0.67mgD-a-生育酚=1mgDL-a-生育酚乙酸酯；e：玉米、饲用高粱、小麦和大麦中的烟碱不能为猪所利用。同样，这些谷物副产品中的烟碱的利用率也很低，除非对这些副产品进行发酵处理和湿法粉碎。表6生长猪日粮矿物质、维生素和亚油酸需要量（自由采食，日粮90%干物质）a指标单位体重（kg）3~55~1010~2020~5050~8080~120平均体重kg47.5153565100消化能kcal/kg340034003400340034003400代谢能kcal/kgb326532653265326532653265消化能进食量kcal/kg855169034006305876010450代谢能进食量kcal/kgb820162032656050841010030采食量(g/b)2505001000185525753075矿物质需要量钙%c2.254711.1312.8813.84总磷g/dc7.753.2569.2811.5912.3有效磷g/dc1.3823.24.274.894.61钠%0.6311.51.862.583.08氯g/d0.6311.51.482.062.46镁g/d0.10.20.40.741.031.23钾g/d0.751.42.64.274.895.23铜mg/d1.5357.429.019.23碘mg/d0.040.070.140.260.360.43铁mg/d255080111.3129.75123锰mg/d1233.715.156.15硒mg/d0.080.150.250.280.390.46锌mg/d255080111.3129.75153.75维生素需要量维生素A(IU)d55011001750241233843998维生素D3mg/d55110200278386461维生素Emg/d4811202834维生素K3mg/d0.130.250.50.931.291.54生物素g/b0.020.030.050.090.130.15胆碱mg/d0.150.250.40.560.770.92叶碱Mg/kge0.080.150.30.560.770.92烟碱（可利用）mg/d57.512.518.5518.0321.53泛碱mg/d35914.8418.0321.53核黄素mg/d11.7534.645.156.15硫胺素mg/d0.380.511.862.583.08维生素B6mg/d0.50.751.51.862.583.08维生素B12ug/d58.751518.5512.8815.38亚油酸g/d0.250.511.862.583.08注：a：瘦肉生长速度较高（每天无脂瘦肉大于325g）的猪对某些矿物元素和维生素的需要量可能会比表中所列数值略高；b：消化能；转化为代谢能的效率为96%，对玉米-豆粕日粮，这一转化为94%~96%，依粗蛋白含量而定；c：体重50~100kg的后备公猪和后备母猪日粮中钙、磷、可利用磷的含量应增加到0.05~0.10个百分点；d：1IU维生素A=0.344ug乙酸视黄酯；IU维生素D3=0.05ug胆钙醇；1IU维生素E=0.67mgD-a-生育酚=1mg，DL-a-生育酚乙酸酯；e：玉米、饲用高粱、小麦和大麦中的烟碱不能为猪所利用。同样，这些谷物副产品中的烟碱的利用率也很低，除非对这些副产品进行发酵处理和湿法粉碎。表7妊娠母猪日粮氨基酸需要量（日粮含90%干物质）a指标单位配种体重（kg）125150175200200200妊娠增重（kg）b554540353035预期产仔数111212121214消化能kcal/kg340034003400340034003400代谢能kcal/kgc326532653265326532653265消化能进食量kcal/kg660062656405653561156275代谢能进食量kcal/kgc639560156150627558706025采食量(g/b)1.961.841.881.921.81.85粗蛋白%d12.912.812.41212.112.4回肠真可消化氨基酸需要量精氨酸%0.0400000组氨酸%0.160.160.150.140.140.15异亮氨酸%0.290.280.270.260.260.27亮氨酸%0.480.470.440.410.410.44赖氨酸%0.50.490.460.440.440.46蛋氨酸%0.140.130.130.120.120.13蛋氨酸+胱氨酸%0.330.330.320.310.320.33苯丙氨酸%0.290.280.270.250.250.27苯丙氨酸+胱氨酸%0.480.480.460.440.440.46苏氨酸%0.370.480.370.360.370.38色氨酸%0.10.10.090.090.090.09缬氨酸%0.340.330.310.30.30.31回肠末端表现可消化氨基酸需要量精氨酸%0.0300000组氨酸%0.150.150.140.130.130.14异亮氨酸%0.260.260.250.240.240.25亮氨酸%0.470.460.430.40.40.43赖氨酸%0.450.450.420.40.40.42蛋氨酸%0.130.130.120.110.120.12蛋氨酸+胱氨酸%0.30.310.30.290.30.31苯丙氨酸%0.270.260.240.230.230.24苯丙氨酸+胱氨酸%0.450.440.420.40.410.43苏氨酸%0.320.330.320.310.320.33色氨酸%0.080.080.080.070.070.08缬氨酸%0.310.30.280.270.270.28总氨基酸需要量精氨酸%0.060.030000组氨酸%0.190.180.170.160.170.17异亮氨酸%0.330.320.310.30.30.31亮氨酸%0.50.490.460.420.430.45赖氨酸%0.580.570.540.520.520.54蛋氨酸%0.150.150.140.130.130.14蛋氨酸+胱氨酸%0.370.380.370.360.360.37苯丙氨酸%0.320.320.30.280.280.3苯丙氨酸+胱氨酸%0.540.540.510.490.490.51苏氨酸%0.440.450.440.430.440.45色氨酸%0.110.110.110.10.10.11缬氨酸%0.390.380.360.340.340.36注：a：消化能每日进食量和采食量以及氨基酸需要量是根据妊娠模型推算出来的；b：妊娠增重包括母体增重和胎儿增重；c：消化能转化为代谢能的效率为96%；d：粗蛋白和总氨基酸需要量基于玉米-豆粕型日粮。表8妊娠母猪每天氨基酸需要量（日粮含90%干物质）a指标单位配种体重（kg）125150175200200200妊娠增重（kg）b554540353035预期产仔数111212121214消化能kcal/kg340034003400340034003400代谢能kcal/kgc326532653265326532653265消化能进食量kcal/kg660062656405653561156275代谢能进食量kcal/kgc639560156150627558706025采食量(g/b)1.961.841.881.921.81.85粗蛋白%d12.912.812.41212.112.4回肠真可消化氨基酸需要量精氨酸%0.80.10000组氨酸%3.12.92.82.72.52.7异亮氨酸%5.65.25.154.75亮氨酸%9.48.78.37.97.48.1赖氨酸%9.798.78.47.98.5蛋氨酸%2.72.52.42.32.22.3蛋氨酸+胱氨酸%6.46.16.165.76.1苯丙氨酸%5.75.254.84.64.9苯丙氨酸+胱氨酸%9.58.98.68.47.98.5苏氨酸%7.376.96.96.67色氨酸%1.91.81.71.71.91.7缬氨酸%6.66.15.95.75.45.8回肠末端表现可消化氨基酸需要量精氨酸%0.600000组氨酸%2.92.72.62.52.42.6异亮氨酸%5.14.84.74.54.34.6亮氨酸%9.28.48.17.77.37.9赖氨酸%8.98.27.97.67.27.7蛋氨酸%2.52.42.32.22.12.2蛋氨酸+胱氨酸%65.75.75.65.35.7苯丙氨酸%5.24.84.64.44.24.5苯丙氨酸+胱氨酸%8.88.287.77.37.9苏氨酸%6.36665.76.1色氨酸%1.60.51.41.41.31.4缬氨酸%65.65.45.24.95.3总氨基酸需要量精氨酸%1.30.50000组氨酸%3.63.43.33.233.2异亮氨酸%6.465.95.75.45.8亮氨酸%9.998.68.27.78.3赖氨酸%11.410.610.39.99.410蛋氨酸%2.92.72.62.62.42.6蛋氨酸+胱氨酸%7.376.96.86.56.9苯丙氨酸%6.35.85.65.455.4苯丙氨酸+胱氨酸%10.69.99.69.48.99.5苏氨酸%8.68.38.38.27.88.3色氨酸%2.2221.91.82缬氨酸%7.676.86.66.26.7注：a：消化能每日进食量和采食量以及氨基酸需要量是根据妊娠模型推算出来的；b：妊娠增重包括母体增重和胎儿增重；c：消化能转化为代谢能的效率为96%；d：粗蛋白和总氨基酸需要量基于玉米-豆粕型日粮。表9泌乳母猪日粮氨基酸需要量(日粮含90%干物质）a指标单位分娩前体重（kg）175175175175175175预期的泌乳体重变化（kg）b000-10-10-10仔猪日增重（g）b15020025015020025012121214消化能kcal/kg340034003400340034003400代谢能kcal/kgc326532653265326532653265消化能进食量kcal/kg146451820521765121201568019240代谢能进食量kcal/kgc140601747520895116351505518470采食量(g/b)4.315.356.43.564.615.66粗蛋白%d16.317.518.417.218.519.2回肠真可消化氨基酸需要量精氨酸%0.360.440.490.350.440.5组氨酸%0.280.320.340.30.340.46异亮氨酸%0.40.440.470.440.480.5亮氨酸%0.80.90.960.870.971.03赖氨酸%0.710.790.850.770.850.9蛋氨酸%0.190.210.220.20.220.23蛋氨酸+胱氨酸%0.350.390.410.390.420.43苯丙氨酸%0.390.430.460.420.460.49苯丙氨酸+胱氨酸%0.80.890.950.880.971.02苏氨酸%0.450.490.520.50.530.56色氨酸%0.130.140.150.150.160.17<,SPANlang=EN-USstyle="FONT-SIZE:9pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt">缬氨酸%0.60.630.720.660.730.77回肠末端表现可消化氨基酸需要量精氨酸%0.340.410.460.330.410.47组氨酸%0.270.30.320.290.320.34异亮氨酸%0.370.410.440.410.440.47亮氨酸%0.770.820.920.820.920.98赖氨酸%0.660.730.790.720.790.84蛋氨酸%0.180.20.210.190.210.22蛋氨酸+胱氨酸%0.330.360.380.360.390.4苯丙氨酸%0.360.40.430.390.430.46苯丙氨酸+胱氨酸%0.750.830.890.820.90.96苏氨酸%0.40.430.460.440.470.49色氨酸%0.110.120.130.130.140.14缬氨酸%0.550.610.660.610.670.71总氨基酸需要量精氨酸%0.40.480.540.390.490.55组氨酸%0.320.360.380.340.380.4异亮氨酸%0.40.50.530.50.540.57亮氨酸%0.860.971.050.951.051.12赖氨酸%0.820.910.970.890.971.03蛋氨酸%0.210.230.240.220.240.26蛋氨酸+胱氨酸%0.40.440.460.440.470.4苯丙氨酸%0.430.480.520.470.520.55苯丙氨酸+胱氨酸%0.911.070.981.081.14苏氨酸%0.540.580.610.580.630.65色氨酸%0.150.160.170.170.180.19缬氨酸%0.690.760.820.760.830.88注：a：代谢能每日进食和饲料采食量以及氨基酸需要量是根据泌乳模型推算出来的；b：每窝10头仔猪，21日龄断奶；c：消化能转化为代谢能的效率为96%，对玉米-豆粕日粮，这一比值为95%~96%，依日粮粗蛋白含量而定；d：粗蛋白和总氨基酸基于玉米-豆粕型日粮。表10泌乳母猪日粮氨基酸需要量(日粮含90%干物质）a指标单位分娩前体重（kg）175175175175175175预期的泌乳体重变化（kg）b000-10-10-10仔猪日增重（g）b15020025015020025012121214消化能kcal/kg340034003400340034003400代谢能kcal/kgc326532653265326532653265消化能进食量kcal/kg146451820521765121201568019240代谢能进食量kcal/kgc140601747520895116351505518470采食量(g/b)4.315.356.43.564.615.66粗蛋白%d16.317.518.417.218.519.2回肠真可消化氨基酸需要量精氨酸%15.623.431.112.520.328组氨酸%12.21721.710.915.620.3异亮氨酸%17.223.60.115.622.128.5亮氨酸%34.44861.53144.558.1赖氨酸%34.742.554.327.639.451.2蛋氨酸%81114.17.210.213.2蛋氨酸+胱氨酸%15.320.62613.919.224.5苯丙氨酸%16.823.329.714.921.427.9苯丙氨酸+胱氨酸%34.647.961.131.444.657.8苏氨酸%19.526.433.317.724.631.5色氨酸%5.57.69.75.27.39.4缬氨酸%25.835.845.823.633.643.6回肠末端表现可消化氨基酸需要量精氨酸%14.62229.311.719.126.4组氨酸%11.51620.510.214.719.2异亮氨酸%15.921.927.914.520.526.5亮氨酸%3345.958.729.742.655.4赖氨酸%28.439.450.425.536.547.5蛋氨酸%7.610.513.46.89.712.6蛋氨酸+胱氨酸%14.219.224.112.917.822.8苯丙氨酸%15.521.627.613.819.925.9苯丙氨酸+胱氨酸%32.344.757.129.341.754.1苏氨酸%17.123.129.215.521.627.7色氨酸%4.76.68.44.56.38.1缬氨酸%23.632.84221.630.840总氨基酸需要量精氨酸%17.425.834.31422.430.8组氨酸%13.819.124.412.217.522.8异亮氨酸%19.526.834.117.72532.3亮氨酸%37.252.16733.748.663.5赖氨酸%35.548.661.931.644.958.2蛋氨酸%8.812.215.67.911.314.6蛋氨酸+胱氨酸%17.323.429.415.721.727.8苯丙氨酸%18.725.933.216.623.931.1苯丙氨酸+胱氨酸%38.753.468.235.149.864.6苏氨酸%2331.139.120.828.836.9色氨酸%6.38.6115.98.210.6缬氨酸%29.540.952.336.938.449.8注：a：代谢能每日进食和饲料采食量以及氨基酸需要量是根据泌乳模型推算出来的；b：每窝10头仔猪，21日龄断奶；c：消化能转化为代谢能的效率为96%，对玉米-豆粕日粮，这一比值为95%~96%，依日粮粗蛋白含量而定；d：粗蛋白和总氨基酸基于玉米-豆粕型日粮。表11妊娠和泌乳母猪日粮中矿物质、维生素和亚油酸的需要量（日粮含90%的干物质）单位妊娠母猪泌乳母猪消化能kcal/kg34003400代谢能kcal/kgb32653265消化能进食量kcal/kg629017850代谢能进食量kcal/kgb604017135采食量g/d1.855.25矿物质需要量钙%0.8750.75总磷%0.60.6有效磷%0.350.35钠%0.159.2氯%0.120.16镁%0.040.04钾%0.20.2铜mg/kg55碘mg/kg0.140.14铁mg/kg8080锰mg/kg2020硒mg/kg0.150.15锌mg/kg5050维生素需要量维生素A(IU)c40002000维生素D3(IU)c200200维生素E(IU)c4444维生素K3mg/kg0.50.5生物素mg/kg0.20.2胆碱mg/kg1.251叶碱mg/kg0.31.3烟碱，可利用mg/kg1010泛酸mg/kg1212核黄酸mg/kg3.753.75硫胺素mg/kg11维生素B6mg/kg11维生素B12ug/kg1515亚油酸%0.10.1注：a：需要量是按采食量1.85kg和5.85kg设计的；b：消化能转化为代谢能的效率为96%；c：1IU维生素A=0.344ug乙醇黄酯；1IU维生素D3=0.025ug胆钙化醇；1IU维生素E=0.67mga-生育酚=1mg，DL-a-生育酚-乙醇酯；d：玉米、饲用高粱、小麦和大麦中的烟碱不能为猪所利用。同样，这些谷物副产品中的烟碱的利用也很低，除非对这些副产品进行发酵处理或湿法粉碎。表12妊娠和泌乳母猪每天矿物质、维生素和亚油酸的需要量（日粮含90%的干物质）单位妊娠母猪泌乳母猪消化能kcal/kg34003400代谢能kcal/kgb32653265消化能进食量kcal/kg629017850代谢能进食量kcal/kgb604017135采食量g/d1.855.25矿物质需要量钙g/d13.939.4总磷g/d11.131.5有效磷g/d6.518.4钠g/d2.810.5氯g/d2.28.4镁g/d0.72.1钾g/d3.710.5铜mg/9.326.3碘mg/d0.30.7铁mg/d148420锰mg/d37105硒mg/d0.30.8锌mg/d93263维生素需要量维生素A(IU/d)c740010500维生素D3(IU/d)c3701050维生素E(IU/d)c81231维生素K3mg/d0.92.6生物素mg/d0.41.1胆碱g/d2.35.3叶碱mg/d2.46.8烟碱，可利用mg/d1953泛酸mg/d2263核黄酸mg/d6.919.7硫胺素mg/d1.95.3维生素B6mg/d1.95.3维生素B12ug/kg2879亚油酸g/d1.95.3注：a：需要量是按采食量1.85kg和5.85kg设计的；b：消化能转化为代谢能的效率为96%；c：1IU维生素A=0.344ug乙醇黄酯；1IU维生素D3=0.025ug胆钙化醇；1IU维生素E=0.67mga-生育酚=1mg，DL-a-生育酚-乙醇酯；d：玉米、饲用高粱、小麦和大麦中的烟碱不能为猪所利用。同样，这些谷物副产品中的烟碱的利用也很低，除非对这些副产品进行发酵处理或湿法粉碎。表13种公猪配种日期和日粮每天氨基酸、矿物质、维生素和亚油酸需要量（日粮含90%的干物质）消化能kcal/kg34003400代谢能kcal/kgb32653265消化能进食量kcal/kg68006800代谢能进食量kcal/kgb65306530采食量g/d22粗蛋白%1313日粮需要量单位每天需要量单位总氨基酸b%精氨酸%g/d组氨酸0.19%3.8g/d异亮氨酸0.35%7g/d亮氨酸0.51%10.2g/d赖氨酸0.6%12g/d蛋氨酸0.16%3.2g/d蛋+胱0.42%8.4g/d苯丙氨酸0.33%6.6g/d苯丙+酪0.57%11.4g/d苏氨酸0.5%10g/d色氨酸0.12%2.4g/d缬氨酸0.4%8g/d矿物质钙0.75%15g/d总磷0.6%12g/d有效磷0.35%7g/d钠0.15%3g/d氯0.12%2.4g/d镁0.04%0.8g/d钾0.2mg/kg4g/d铜5mg/kg10mg/d碘0.14mg/kg0.28mg/d铁80mg/kg160mg/d锰20mg/kg40mg/d硒0.15mg/kg0.3mg/d锌50mg/kg100mg/d维生素需要量维生素Ac4000IU8000IU/d维生素D3c200IU400IU/d维生素Ec44IU88IU/d维生素K30.5mg/kg1mg/d生物素0.2mg/kg0.4mg/d胆碱1.25g/d2.5mg/d叶碱1.3mg/kg2.6mg/d烟碱，可利用10mg/kg20mg/d泛酸12mg/kg24mg/d核黄酸3.75mg/kg7.5mg/d硫胺素1mg/kg2mg/d维生素B61mg/kg2mg/d维生素B1215ug/kg30ug/kg亚油酸0.1%2mg/d注：a：需要量是按采食量2kg设计的，实际生产中日采食量应依种公猪体重和增重而定；b：玉米-豆粕型日粮，赖氨酸需要量定为0.6%（12g/d），其氨基酸是按和妊娠母猪相似的模型（总氨基酸基础）推算出来的；c：1IU维生素A=0.344ug乙醇黄酯；1IU维生素D3=0.025ug胆钙化醇；1IU维生素E=0.67mga-生育酚=1mg，DL-a-生育酚-乙醇酯；d：玉米、饲用高粱、小麦和大麦中的烟碱不能为猪所利用。同样，这些谷物副产品中的烟碱的利用也很低，除非对这些副产品进行发酵处理或湿法粉碎。表13种公猪配种日期和日粮每天氨基酸、矿物质、维生素和亚油酸需要量（日粮含90%的干物质）消化能kcal/kg34003400代谢能kcal/kgb32653265消化能进食量kcal/kg68006800代谢能进食量kcal/kgb65306530采食量g/d22粗蛋白%1313日粮需要量单位每天需要量单位总氨基酸b%精氨酸%g/d组氨酸0.19%3.8g/d异亮氨酸0.35%7g/d亮氨酸0.51%10.2g/d赖氨酸0.6%12g/d蛋氨酸0.16%3.2g/d蛋+胱0.42%8.4g/d苯丙氨酸0.33%6.6g/d苯丙+酪0.57%11.4g/d苏氨酸0.5%10g/d色氨酸0.12%2.4g/d缬氨酸0.4%8g/d矿物质钙0.75%15g/d总磷0.6%12g/d有效磷0.35%7g/d钠0.15%3g/d氯0.12%2.4g/d镁0.04%0.8g/d钾0.2mg/kg4g/d铜5mg/kg10mg/d碘0.14mg/kg0.28mg/d铁80mg/kg160mg/d锰20mg/kg40mg/d硒0.15mg/kg0.3mg/d锌50mg/kg100mg/d维生素需要量维生素Ac4000IU8000IU/d维生素D3c200IU400IU/d维生素Ec44IU88IU/d维生素K30.5mg/kg1mg/d生物素0.2mg/kg0.4mg/d胆碱1.25g/d2.5mg/d叶碱1.3mg/kg2.6mg/d烟碱，可利用10mg/kg20mg/d泛酸12mg/kg24mg/d核黄酸3.75mg/kg7.5mg/d硫胺素1mg/kg2mg/d维生素B61mg/kg2mg/d维生素B1215ug/kg30ug/kg亚油酸0.1%2mg/d注：a：需要量是按采食量2kg设计的，实际生产中日采食量应依种公猪体重和增重而定；b：玉米-豆粕型日粮，赖氨酸需要量定为0.6%（12g/d），其氨基酸是按和妊娠母猪相似的模型（总氨基酸基础）推算出来的；c：1IU维生素A=0.344ug乙醇黄酯；1IU维生素D3=0.025ug胆钙化醇；1IU维生素E=0.67mga-生育酚=1mg，DL-a-生育酚-乙醇酯；d：玉米、饲用高粱、小麦和大麦中的烟碱不能为猪所利用。同样，这些谷物副产品中的烟碱的利用也很低，除非对这些副产品进行发酵处理或湿法粉碎。表12妊娠和泌乳母猪每天矿物质、维生素和亚油酸的需要量（日粮含90%的干物质）单位妊娠母猪泌乳母猪消化能kcal/kg34003400代谢能kcal/kgb32653265消化能进食量kcal/kg629017850代谢能进食量kcal/kgb604017135采食量g/d1.855.25矿物质需要量钙g/d13.939.4总磷g/d11.131.5有效磷g/d6.518.4钠g/d2.810.5氯g/d2.28.4镁g/d0.72.1钾g/d3.710.5铜mg/9.326.3碘mg/d0.30.7铁mg/d148420锰mg/d37105硒mg/d0.30.8锌mg/d93263维生素需要量维生素A(IU/d)c740010500维生素D3(IU/d)c3701050维生素E(IU/d)c81231维生素K3mg/d0.92.6生物素mg/d0.41.1胆碱g/d2.35.3叶碱mg/d2.46.8烟碱，可利用mg/d1953泛酸mg/d2263核黄酸mg/d6.919.7硫胺素mg/d1.95.3维生素B6mg/d1.95.3维生素B12ug/kg2879亚油酸g/d1.95.3注：a：需要量是按采食量1.85kg和5.85kg设计的；b：消化能转化为代谢能的效率为96%；c：1IU维生素A=0.344ug乙醇黄酯；1IU维生素D3=0.025ug胆钙化醇；1IU维生素E=0.67mga-生育酚=1mg，DL-a-生育酚-乙醇酯；d：玉米、饲用高粱、小麦和大麦中的烟碱不能为猪所利用。同样，这些谷物副产品中的烟碱的利用也很低，除非对这些副产品进行发酵处理或湿法粉碎。表11妊娠和泌乳母猪日粮中矿物质、维生素和亚油酸的需要量（日粮含90%的干物质）单位妊娠母猪泌乳母猪消化能kcal/kg34003400代谢能kcal/kgb32653265消化能进食量kcal/kg629017850代谢能进食量kcal/kgb604017135采食量g/d1.855.25矿物质需要量钙%0.8750.75总磷%0.60.6有效磷%0.350.35钠%0.159.2氯%0.120.16镁%0.040.04钾%0.20.2铜mg/kg55碘mg/kg0.140.14铁mg/kg8080锰mg/kg2020硒mg/kg0.150.15锌mg/kg5050维生素需要量维生素A(IU)c40002000维生素D3(IU)c200200维生素E(IU)c4444维生素K3mg/kg0.50.5生物素mg/kg0.20.2胆碱mg/kg1.251叶碱mg/kg0.31.3烟碱，可利用mg/kg1010泛酸mg/kg1212核黄酸mg/kg3.753.75硫胺素mg/kg11维生素B6mg/kg11维生素B12ug/kg1515亚油酸%0.10.1注：a：需要量是按采食量1.85kg和5.85kg设计的；b：消化能转化为代谢能的效率为96%；c：1IU维生素A=0.344ug乙醇黄酯；1IU维生素D3=0.025ug胆钙化醇；1IU维生素E=0.67mga-生育酚=1mg，DL-a-生育酚-乙醇酯；d：玉米、饲用高粱、小麦和大麦中的烟碱不能为猪所利用。同样，这些谷物副产品中的烟碱的利用也很低，除非对这些副产品进行发酵处理或湿法粉碎。表10泌乳母猪日粮氨基酸需要量(日粮含90%干物质）a指标单位分娩前体重（kg）175175175175175175预期的泌乳体重变化（kg）b000-10-10-10仔猪日增重（g）b15020025015020025012121214消化能kcal/kg340034003400340034003400代谢能kcal/kgc326532653265326532653265消化能进食量kcal/kg146451820521765121201568019240代谢能进食量kcal/kgc140601747520895116351505518470采食量(g/b)4.315.356.43.564.615.66粗蛋白%d16.317.518.417.218.519.2回肠真可消化氨基酸需要量精氨酸%15.623.431.112.520.328组氨酸%12.21721.710.915.