2005年考研英语真题及答案

绝密★启用前2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业学位联考英语试卷考生需知1.选择 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 的 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 需用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或其它类型答题卡上的答案无效。2.其它题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定要求作答，凡做在试卷上或未做在制定位置的答案无效。3.交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭据）。否则，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。SectionⅠVocabulary(10points)Directions:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthissectionForeachsentencetheearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyourangersonANSWERSHEET1withapencil(10points)1.Advertisesoftenaimtheircampaignsatyoungpeopleastheyhaveconsiderablespending_____.A.powerB.forceC.energyD.ability2.We'veboughtsome______chairsforthegardensothattheyareeasytostoreawayA.adaptingB.adjustingC.bindingD.folding3.Thenewspeedrestrictionswerea______debatedissue,A.heavilyB.hotlyC.deeplyD.profoundly4.Hischangeofjobhas____himwithanewchallengeinlifeA.introducedB.initiatedC.presentedD.led5.No_____you'rehungryifyouhaven'teatensinceyesterdayA.matterB.surpriseC.wonderD.problem6.Thepianistplayedbeautifully,showingareal_____forthemusicA.feelingB.understandingC.appreciationD.sense7.ThebossintoarageandstartedshoutingatRoberttodoashewastoldA.flewB.chargedC.rushedD.burst8.Politiciansshouldneverlose______oftheneedsofthepeopletheyrepresentA.viewB.sightC.regardD.prospect9.Theemployeestriedtosettlethedisputebydirect_____withthebossA,negotiationB.connectionC.associationD.communication10.Youhaven'theardallthefactssodon't_____toconclusionsA.dashB.jumpC.muchD.fly11.Iam_____awareoftheneedtoobeythevalesofthecompetitionA.greatlyB.farC.muchD.well12.Themanagerhasalwaysattendedtothe_____ofimportantbusinesshimselfA.transactionB.solutionC.translationD.stimulation13.Asisknowntoallacountrygetsa(an)______fromtaxesAincomeB.revenueC.RindD.paymentI4,Thegovernmenthasdecidedtoreduce______onallimports.A.feeB.chargeC.tariffD.tuition15.TheneedforfinancialprovisionnotonlytoproducersbutalsotoconsumersA.connectsB.linksC.associatesD.relates16.Theabilityofbanktocreatedepositsisdeterminedbytheratioofliouidassetswhichthey___.A.mount.B.containC.remainD.maintain17.ThefirstseriousprospectofacureforAids_____atreatmentwhichdelaysitseffectshaemergedA.otherthanB.ratherthanC.morethanD.lessthan18.Hisparentsdiedwhenhewasyoung,sohewas____byhisgrandmaA.bredB.broughtC.fedD.grown19.TheJapanesedollar-buyingmakestraderseagerto____dollarsinfearofanothergovernmentinterA.letinB.letoutC.letgoofD.letoff20.Thelocalpeoplecouldhardlythinkofanygoodwayto______thedisasterofthewarA.shakeoffB.getoffC.putoffD.takeoffSectionⅡcloze(15points)Directions:Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDchoosethebestoneandmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET1withapencil.Afewdecadesago,theworldbankingcommunityinventednewElectronicFundsTransferFT)systemstomovemoneymoreefficientlyacrosscountriesandaroundtheglobe.The21benefitofsuchsystemswasto___22___thefloatofcapitalthatwasunavailablefor_23_checkswerebeingclearedthroughbanking___24___.Today,weunderstandthatthebenefitsofelectronicbanking___26__revolutionized.Itis___27__moreefficientandfaster,butalsomoreglobal.Andnow_28___theInternet,EFTsystemsareincreasingly_29___withthenewworldofe-commerceande-trade._30_1997and2003,EFTvalue__31_fromlessthan$50trilliontonearly$400trillion,morethanthe_32___econmicproductofallthecountriesandterritoriesoftheentireworld.Thesestatistics_33__shouldemphasizetheimportanceoftransnationalEFT,satellite,wireless,andcable-basedelectronicfundtransfers__34_thehubofglobalenterprise.Suchelectroniccashis__35__centraltotheideaofanemerging“worldwidemind”.Withoutthesatelliteandfiberinfrastructuretosupporttheflowofelectronicfunds,theworldeconomywouldgrindtoahalt.21.A.hidingB.gettingC.drivingD.giving22.A.introduceB.reduceC.produceD.increase23.A.whichB.thatC.whileD.where24.A.mechanicsB.methodsC.proceduresD.systems25.A.extensiveB.intensiveC.profoundD.great26.A.isB.hasC.hasbeenD.hadbeen27.A.farB.evenC.justD.notonly28.A.withB.byC.forD.on29.A.linkedB.integratedC.controlledD.joined30.A.BetweenB.InC.FormD.Among31.AdecreasedB.raisedC.elevatedD.soared32.A.grossB.acceleratedC.combinedD.collective33.A.lonelyB.aloneC.onlyD.merely34.A.presentB.representC.reserveD.comprehend35.A.soB.neverthelessC.thereafterD.thereforeSectionⅢReadingComprehension(40points)Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEET1withapencil.Questions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Workingatnonstandardtimes-evenings,nights,orweekends-istakingitstollonAmericanfamilies.One-fifthofallemployedAmericansworkvariableorrotatingshifts,andone-thirdworkweekends,accordingtoHarriedB.Presser,sociologyprofessorattheUniversityofMaryland.Theresultisstressonfamilialrelationships,whichislikelytocontinueincomingdecades.Theconsequencesofworkingirregularhoursvaryaccordingtogender,economiclevel,andwhetherornotchildrenareinvolved.Singlemothersaremorelikelytoworknightsandweekendsthanmarriedmothers.Womeninclerical,sales,orotherlow-payingjobsparticipatedisproportionatelyinworkinglateandgraveyardshifts.Married-couplehouseholdswithchildrenareincreasinglybecomingdual-earnerhouseholds,generatingmoresplit-shiftcouples.School-agedchildren,however,maybenefitfromparents’nonstandardworkschedulesbecauseofthegreaterlikelihoodthataparentwillbehomebeforeofafterschool.Ontheotherhand,acorrelationexistsbetweennonstandardworkschedulesandbothmaritalinstabilityandadeclineinthequalityofmarriages.Nonstandardworkinghoursmeanfamiliesspendlesstimetogetherfordinnerbutmoretimetogetherforbreakfast.One-on-oneinteractionbetweenparentsandchildrenvaries,however,basedonparent,shift,andageofchildren.Thereisalsoagreaterrelianceonchildcarebyrelativesandbyprofessionalproviders.Workingnonstandardhoursislessachoiceofemployeesandmoreamandateofemployers.Presserbelievesthattheneedforswingshiftsandweekendworkwillcontinuetoriseinthecomingdecades.ShereportsthatinsomeEuropeancountriestherearesubstantialsalarypremiumsforemployeesworkingirregularhours-sometimesasmuchas50%higher.Theconvenienceofhavingservicesavailable24hoursadaycontinuestodrivethistrend.Unfortunately,saysPresser,theissueisvirtuallyabsentfrompublicdiscourse,Sheemphasizestheneedforfocusedstudiesoncostsandbenefitsofworkingoddhours,thephysicalandemotionalhealthofpeopleworkingnightsandweekends,andthereasonsbehindthenecessityforworkingthesehours.“NonstandardworkschedulesnotonlyardhighlyprevalentamongAmericanfamiliesbutalsogeneratealevelofcomplexityinfamilyfunctioningthatneedsgreaterattention,”shesays.36.WhichofthefollowingdemonstratesthatworkingatnonstandardtimesistakingitstollonAmericanfamilies?A.Stressonfamilialrelationships.B.rotatingshifts.C.Evenings,night,orweekends.D.Itsconsequences.37.Whichofthefollowingisaffectedmostbyworkingirregularhours?A.Children.B.MarriageC.SinglemothersD.Workingwomen38.Whowouldbeinfavorofthepracticeofworkingnonstandardhours?A.ChildrenB.ParentsC.EmployeesD.Professionalchildproviders39.Itisimpliedthattheconsequencesofnonstandardworkschedulesare______A.emphasizedB.absentC.neglectedD.prevalent40.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsworkingirregularhours?A.PositiveB.NegativeC.IndifferentD.ObjectiveQuestions41to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Mosthumanbeingsactuallydecidebeforetheythink.Whenanyhumanbeing-executive,specializedexpert,orpersoninthestreet-encountersacomplexissueandformsanopinion,oftenwithinamatterofseconds,howthoroughlyhasheorsheexploredtheimplicationsofthevariouscoursesofaction?Answer:notverythoroughly.Veryfewpeople,nomatterhowintelligentorexperienced,cantakeinventoryofthemanybranchingpossibilities,possibleoutcomes,sideeffects,andundesiredconsequencesofapolicyoracourseofactioninmatterofseconds.Yet,thosewhopridethemselvesonbeingdecisiveoftentrytodojustthat.Andoncetheirbrainslockontoanopinion,mostoftheirthinkingthereafterconsistsoffindingsupportforit.（from:zhongkaiedu.com）Averyserioussideeffectofargumentativedecisionmakingcanbealackofsupportforthechosencourseofactiononthepartofthe“losing”faction.Whenonefactionwinsthemeetingandtheothersseethemselvesaslosing,thebattleoftendoesn’tendwhenthemeetingends.Anger,resentment,andjealousymayleadthemtosabotagethedecisionlater,ortoreopenthedebateatlatermeetings.Thereisabetterway.AsphilosopherAldousHuxleysaid,“Itisn’twhoisright,butwhatisright,thatcounts.”Thestructured-inquirymethodoffersabetteralternativetoargumentativedecisionmakingbydebate.WiththehelpoftheInternetandwirelesscomputertechnology,thegapbetweenexpertsandexecutivesisnowbeingdramaticallyclosed.Byactuallyputtingthebrakesonthethinkingprocess,slowingitdown,andorganizingtheflowoflogic,it’spossibletocreatealevelofclaritythatsheerargumentationcannevermatch.Thestructured-inquiryprocessintroducesalevelofconceptualclaritybyorganizingthecontributionsoftheexperts,thenbringstheexpertsandthedecisionmakersclosertogether.Althoughitisn’tpossibleornecessaryforapresidentorprimeministertolisteninoneveryintelligenceanalysisastoitsmeaning.Thisprocessmaysomewhatresembleamarketingfocusgroup;it’ssimple,remarkablycleverwaytobringdecisionmakersclosertothesourceoftheexpertinformationandopinionsonwhichtheymustbasetheirdecisions.41.Fromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthat_____.A.executive,specializedexpert,arenomorecleverthanpersoninthestreetB.veryfewpeopledecidebeforetheythinkC.thosewhopridethemselvesonbeingdecisiveoftenfailtodosoD.Peopletendtoconsidercarefullybeforemakingdecisions42.Judgingfromthecontext,whatdoestheword“them”(line4,paragraph2)referto?A.DecisionmakersB.the“losing”factionC.Anger,resentment,andjealousyD.Otherpeople43.AldousHuxley’sremark(paragraph3)impliesthat______.A.thereisasubtledifferencebetweenrightandwrongB.wecannottellwhoisrightandwhatiswrongC.whatisrightsismoreimportantthanwhoisrightD.whatisrightaccountsforthequestionwhoisright44.Accordingtotheauthor,thefunctionofthestructured-inquirymethodis______.A.tomakedecisionbydebateB.toapplytheinternetandwirelesscomputertechnologyC.tobrakeonthethinkingprocess,slowingitdownD.tocreatealevelofconceptualclarity45.Thestructured-inquiryprocesscanbeusefulfor______.A.decisionmakersB.intelligenceanalysismeetingC.theexpert’sinformationD.marketingfocusgroupsQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Sportisheadingforanindissolublemarriagewithtelevisionandthepassivespectatorwillenjoyaprivateparadise.Allofthiswillbeinthefutureofsport.Thespectator(thetelevisionaudience)willbethepriority（优先）andprofessionalclubswillhavetoreadjusttheirstructurestoadapttothenewreality:sportasabusiness.Thenewtechnologieswillmeanthatspectatorwillnolongerhavetowaitforbroadcastsbytheconventionalchannels.Theywillbetheoneswhodecidewhattosee.Andtheywillhavetopayforit.IntheUnitedStatesthesystemofthefuturehasalreadystarted:pay-as-you-view.Everythingwillbeofferedbytelevisionandthespectatorwillonlyhavetochoose.ThereviewSportsIllustratedrecentlypublishedafullprofileofthelifeofthesupporterathomeinthemiddleofthenextcentury.Itexplainedthattheconsumerswouldbeabletoselecttheirviewofthematchonagigantic,flatscreenoccupyingthewholeofonewall,withimagesofaclaritywhichcannotbeforeseenatpresent;theycouldwatchfromthetrainer’sbench,fromthestandsjustbehindthebatterinagameofbaseballorfromthehelmetofthestarplayerinanAmericanfootballgame.Andattheirdisposalwillbethesameoptionstheproduceroftherecordedprogrammehas:toselectreplays,tochoosewhichcameratouseandtodecideonthesound—whethertohearthepublic,theplayers,thetrainerandsoon..Manysportsexecutives,largelytoooldandtooconservativetofeelathomewiththenewtechnologies,willbelievethatsportmustcontroltheexpansionoftelevisioncoverageinordertosurviveandensurethatspectatorsattendmatches.Theydonotevenaccepttheevidencewhichcontradictstheirview:whilethereismorebasketballthaneverontelevision,forexample,itisalsocertainthatbasketballismorepopularthanever.Itisalsotheargumentofthesesportsexecutivesthattelevisionisharmingthemodestteams.Thisistrue,butthefutureofthoseteamsisalsomodest.Theyhavereachedtheirceiling.Itistrue,butthefutureofthoseteamsisalsomodest.Theyhavereachedtheirceiling.Itisthelawofthemarket.Thegreatevenscontinuallyattractlargeraudiences.Theworldisbeingconstructedonnewtechnologiessothatpeoplecanmaketheutmostuseoftheirtimeand,intheirhome,haveaccesstothegreatestpossiblerangeofrecreationalactivities.Sportwillhavetoadaptitselftothenewworld.Themostvisionaryexecutivesgofurther.Theirphilosophyis:ratherthanseetelevisiontakeoversport,whynothavesportstakenovertelevision?46.Whatdoesthewritermeanbytheuseofthephrase“anindissolublemarriage”inthefirstparagraph?A.Sportiscombinedwithtelevision.B.Sportcontrolstelevision.C.Televisiondictatessport.D.Sportandtelevisionwillgotheirownways.47.Whatdoes“they”inline2,paragraph2standfor?A.broadcastsB.channelsC.spectatorsD.technologies48.Howdomanysportsexecutivesfeelwiththenewtechnologies?A.TheyaretoooldtodoanythingB.Theyfeelillatease.C.Theyfeelcompletelyathome.D.Technologiescangohandinhandwithsports49.Whatisgoingtobediscussedinthefollowingparagraphs?A.Thephilosophyofvisionaryexecutives.B.Theprocessoftelevisiontakingoversport.C.Televisioncoverageexpansion.D.Anexampletoshowhowsporthastakenovertelevision.50.Whatmightbetheappropriatetitleofthispassage?A.Theargumentsofsportsexecutives.B.Thephilosophyofvisionaryexecutives.C.Sportandtelevisioninthe21century.D.Sport:abusiness.Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Conveniencefoodhelpscompaniesbycreatinggrowth;butwhatisitseffectonpeople?Forpeoplewhothinkcookingwasthefoundationofcivilization,themicrowaveisthelastenemy.Thecommunion(共享)ofeatingtogetheriseasilybrokenbyadevicethatliberateshouseholdcitizensfromwaitingformealtimes.Thefirstgreatrevolutioninthehistoryoffoodisindangerofbeingundone.Thecompanionshipofthecampfire,cookingpotandcommontable,whichhavehelpedtobondhumansincollaborativelivingforatleast150000years,couldbedestroyed.Mealshavecertainlysufferedfromtheriseofconveniencefood.TheonlymealsregularlytakentogetherinBritainthesedaysareattheweekend,amongrichfamiliesstrugglingtoretainsomethingoftheoldsymboloftogetherness.Indeed,theday’sfirstmealhasallbutdisappeared.Inthe21stbreakfastisvanishingaltogether,avictimofthequickcupofcoffeeinStarbucksandthecerealbar.Conveniencefoodhasalsomadepeopleforgethowtocook..Oneoftheapparentparadoxesofmodernfoodisthat,whiletheamountoftimespentcookingmealshasfallenfrom60minutesadayin1980to13minutesadayin2002,thenumberofbooksandtelevisionprogrammesoncookinghasmultiplied.Butperhapsthisisn’tparadox.Maybeitisbecausepeoplecan’tcookinghasmultiplied.Butperhapsthisisn’tparadox.Maybeitisbecausepeoplecan’tcookanymore.Sotheyneedtobetoldhowtodoit.Ormaybeitisbecausepeoplebuybooksabouthobbies—golf,yachting—notaboutchores.Cookinghasceasedtobeachoreandhasbecomeahobby.Althougheverybodylivesinthekitchen,itsfacilitiesareincreasinglyfordisplayratherthanforuse.Mr.Silverstein’snewbook,“TradingUp”,looksatmid-rangeconsumers’willingnesstosplashout.Hesaysthatindustrial-styleVikingcooktpos,withnearlytwicetheheatoutputofotherranges,havehelpedtopushthe“kitchenastheatre”trendinhomegoods.Theycostfrom＄1000to＄9000.Some75%ofthemareneverused.Conveniencealsohasanimpactonthehealthiness,orotherwise,Ofcourse,thereisnothingbadaboutready-to–eatfooditself.Youdon’tgetmuchhealthierthananapple,andallsupermarketssellabetter-for-yourangeofready-meals.Butthereisalimittothenumberofapplespeoplewanttoeat;andthesedaysitiseasierforpeopletoeatthekindoffoodthatmakesthemfat.ThethreeHarvardeconomistsintheirpaper“WhyhaveAmericansbecomemoreobese?”pointoutthat,inthepast,ifpeoplewantedtoeatfattyhotfood,theyhadcookit.Thattooktimeandenergy—agoodchipneedsfryingtwice,oncetocookthepotatoandoncetogetitcrispy(脆)—whichdiscouragedconsumptionofthatsortorfood.Masspreparationoffoodtookawaythatconstraint.Nobodyhastocutanddouble-cooktheirownfriesthesedays.Whohasthetime?51.Whatmightthepreviousparagraphsdealwith?A.Therelationshipbetweenmealsandconveniencefood.B.Theimportanceofconveniencefoodinpeople’slife.C.Theriseofconveniencefood.D.Thehistoryoffoodindustry.52.Whatistheparadoxinthethirdparagraph?A.Peopledon’tknowhowtocook.B.Thefacilitiesinthekitchenarenottotallyused.C.Peoplearebecomingmoreobese,thusunhealthy.D.Conveniencefoodactuallydoesnotsavepeopletime.53.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A.Thebadeffectsofconveniencefood.B.Mr.Silerstein’snewbookC.People’snewhobby.D.Disappearanceoftheoldsymboloftogetherness.54.WhyhaveAmericansbecomemoreobese?A.Becauseofeatingchips.B.Becauseofbeingbusy.C.Becauseofbeinglazy.D.BothBandC.55.Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthormostlikelyagreewith?A.Thereisnothingbadaboutconveniencefood.B.Conveniencefoodmakespeoplelazy.C.Conveniencefoodhelpscompaniesgrow.D.Conveniencefoodisarevolutionincooking.SectionIVTranslation(15points)Directions:InthissectionthereisapassageinEnglish.TranslatethefiveunderlinedsentencesintoChineseandwriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET2.Peopleinbusinesscanuseforesighttoidentifynewproductsandservices,aswellasmarketsforthoseproductsandservices.Anincreaseinminoritypopulationsinaneighborhoodwouldpromptagrocerwithforesighttostockmorefoodslinkedtoethnictastes.(56)Anartmuseumdirectorwithforesightmightfollowtrendsincomputergraphicstomakeexhibitsmoreappealingtoyoungervisitors.From:Zhongkaiedu.comForesightmayrevealpotentialthreatsthatwecanpreparetodealwithbeforetheybecomecrises.(57)Forinstance,acapablecorporatemanagermightseeanalarmingriseinlocalhousingpricesthatcouldaffecttheavailabilityofskilledworkersintheregion.Thepublic’schangingvaluesandpriorities,aswellasemergingtechnologies,demographicshifts,economicconstraints(oropportunities),andenvironmentalandresourceconcernsareallpartsoftheincreasinglycomplexworldsysteminwhichleadersmustlead.(58)Peopleingovernmentalsoneedforesighttokeepsystemsrunningsmoothlytoplanbudgetsandtopreventward.Governmentleaderstodaymustdealwithahostofnewproblemsemergingfromrapidadvancesintechnology.Evenatthecommunitylevel,foresightiscritical:schoolofficials,forexample,needforesighttoassessnumbersofstudentstoaccommodate,numbersofteacherstohire,neweducationaltechnologiestodeploy,andnewskillsforstudents(andtheirteachers)todevelop.(59)Manyofthebest-knowntechniquesforforesightweredevelopedbygovernmentplanners,especiallyinthemilitary,“thinkingabouttheunthinkable”.PioneeringfuturistsattheRANDCorporation(thefirst“thinktank”)beganseriouslyconsideringwhatnewtechnologiesmightemergeinthefutureandhowthesemightaffectU.S.security.ThesepioneeringfuturistsatRAND,alongwithotherselsewhere,refinedavarietyofnewwaysforthinkingaboutthefuture.(60)Thefuturistsrecognizedthatthefutureworldiscontinuouswiththepresentworld,sowecanlearnagreatdealaboutwhatmayhappeninthefuturebylookingsystematicallyatwhatishappeningnow.SectionVWriting(20points)Directions:Inthissection,youareaskedwritealatterbasedonthefollowingstatement.Yourlettershouldbeatleast150words.RemembertowriteclearlyontheANSWERSHEET2.“五一”、“十一”长假丰富了人们的业余生活，促进了旅游经济的发展，同时也带来诸如交通拥挤、环境污染等问题。请就“黄金周”的经济发展与环保问题向政府有关部门写一封信，提出自己的见解和建议。2005年全国攻读工商管理硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题参考答案SectionⅠVocabulary1.A2.D3.B4.C5.C6.D7.A8.B9.A10.B11.D12.A13.B14.C15.D16.D17.B18.B19.C20.ASectionⅡCloze21-25CBCDA26-30CDABA31-35DCBBDSectionⅢReadingComprehension36-40ABDCD41-45CBCDA46-50ACBDC51-55CDADBSectionⅣTranslation56.远见卓识的艺术博物馆馆长可能会紧跟电脑图像的流行趋势，使展品更具感染力，以吸引较年轻的观众。57.例如，干练的公司经理可能会注意到当地房价惊人暴涨，这可能会影响该地区对熟练工人的雇佣。58.政府工作人员同样也需要远见来保持各部分机制的平稳运转、制定预算、预防战争。59.以往的许多最著名的远见卓越技术是由政府的规划者制定出来的，尤其是在军事技术方面：“考虑不可思议的事。”60.未来学家意识到，未来世界时现今世界的连续，因此通过有系统的观察现在正在发生的事，我们能了解到很多未来可能发生的事。SectionVWriting(略)