判断水源水受到有机物污染的方法

判断水源水受到有机物污染的方法 国华北京热电分公司属于热电联产企业,共分2个单元,每个单元装有2台HG410/9.8YW15型锅炉,并与1台ABB公司生产的DKEHIND31型高压、单轴、双缸双排汽、两段可调整抽汽式199.75MW汽轮机配套。主蒸汽压力8.83MPa、温度535?。锅炉补给水的制水工艺 流程 快递问题件怎么处理流程河南自建厂房流程下载关于规范招聘需求审批流程制作流程表下载邮件下载流程设计 为:向阳闸水(源水)?高效过滤器?双室阳床?除碳器?双室阴床?混床;锅炉给水采用加氨处理方式,炉水采用磷酸三钠处理。自1999年投产运营以来各项化学监督指标均保持良好,但在2002年9月22日,24日,饱和蒸汽氢电导率突然升高超过控制标准,当时虽进行过 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 ,但因该现象持续时间较短,分析未果现象即消失,故未找出原因。2003年9月1日,此现象再次出现,且持续时间近1个月,经过多次分析,并辅以多种措施反复验证,终于查明引发该现象的原因是水源水受到有机物污染。 1 水汽系统出现氢电导率超标现象的原因查定 2003年9月1日,1号、2号炉饱和蒸汽的氢电导率逐渐增高,9月5日超过控制标准(0.3μS/cm),随之给水和凝结水的氢电导率先后升高并超标。由于主控室只监测凝结水的氢电导率,加上以前多次发生因凝汽器泄漏导致凝结水氢电导率超标现象,所以首先判断为凝汽器发生泄漏。对此,先分别隔离1号机组凝汽器A侧和B侧,但均未发现漏点。进一步分析发现,给水的氢电导率首先升高,随后饱和蒸汽该指标继续升高并超标,而凝结水的氢电导率有所降低。也即温度越高,水汽的氢电导率越高,说明在高温条件下引起氢电导率升高的物质分engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan and pump installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for lifting 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the 解加剧,而在凝汽器真空条件下,因分解产物挥发而被除去。观察炉水的pH值略有降低。经分析认为,这是有机物在高温下分解为低分子有机酸的典型特征。 为了确定有机物来源进行了以下试验:当1号机组供全厂生产抽汽时,所补加的除盐水量大,蒸汽的氢电导率比2号机组高;当改为2号机组供全厂生产抽汽时,其蒸汽的氢电导率比1号机组高。因此,判断为锅炉补给水出现问题,但是锅炉补给水(除盐水)的氢电导率并无明显异常。 为了确定是水源水引起的污染还是化学除盐设备异常引起除盐水质变差,9月10日将水源水由向阳闸水改为自来水。9月11日,1号、2号机组水汽系统氢 电导率全部下降并达到小于0.3μS/cm的合格范围,证明化学制水系统运行正常。由于自来水紧张,不能长期使用,经过系统切换,恢复向阳闸供水系统。不久 1号、2号机组水汽系统氢电导率重新上升并超标。由此证明导致水质异常的原因是向阳闸来水被污染。 2 水源水有机物污染引起水汽品质变化的主要特征 (1)水源水受到有机物污染后只有氢电导率指标升高,其它监督指标均正常,具体数据见 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 1。 ?表1 水源水有机物的污染对水汽质量的影响 项目 2003-8-31 engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan and pump installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for lifting 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the 2003-9-1 2003-9-2 2003-9-3 2003-9-4 控制标准 -11号凝结水电导率/μS?cm 0.17 0.22 0.24 0.23 0.26 <0.3 -11号给水电导率/μS?cm 0.20 0.26 0.27 0.25 0.27 <0.3 -11号饱和蒸汽电导率/μS?cm 0.22 0.29 engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan and pump installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for lifting 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the 0.30 0.28 0.31 <0.3 -12号饱和蒸汽电导率/μS?cm 0.18 0.23 0.24 0.28 0.22 <0.3 -11号过热蒸汽二氧化硅/μg?L 5.73 5.68 6.34 6.07 5.23 <20 -12号过热蒸汽二氧化硅/μg?L 4.95 5.04 5.58 engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan and pump installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for lifting 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the 5.54 3.98 <20 -11号过热蒸汽含钠量/μg?L 2.59 2.67 2.63 2.63 2.61 <10 -12号过热蒸汽含钠量/μg?L 2.98 3.09 3.28 3.24 3.16 <10 -1低压脱氧器硬度/μmol?L 0 0 0 0 engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan and pump installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for lifting 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the 0 <2 -1高压脱氧器硬度/μmol?L 0 0 0 0 0 ? 内数值为日平均值。 (2)氢电导率随温度升高而增大(图1)。 (4)水汽系统氢电导率指标异常情况下随运行时间的加长,炉水的pH值出现缓慢降低的趋势。为了防止锅炉发生酸性腐蚀,向炉水中加入了适量的氢氧 化钠。 (5)水源水被有机物污染时总有机碳(TOC)含量偏高。TOC能够较全面反应水中有机物污染的程度。在水质出现异常期间,对水源水沿途取样,采用燃烧氧化法(YBH1)分析水中TOC(表3)。由表3可见,水源各点的TOC远大于自来水,证明水源水受到有机物污染。 表3 水源水TOC含量 项目 -1TOC/mg?L 向阳闸来水(缓冲水箱) engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan and pump installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for lifting 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the 1.25 向阳闸来水(浴池) 1.05 自来水(水组) 0.195 顺平井口水(水源沿线取样点?) 1.12 沉砂池水(水源沿线取样点?) 1.08 泵前池水(水源沿线取样点?) 1.04 减河上游井口水(水源沿线取样点?) 1.42 根据以上分析不难看出,若火电厂水汽分析结果同时出现上述5种情况,即可判断水源水受到有机物污染。 3 防止有机物污染的措施 在水源水短时间受到污染时可将水源切换为自来水。保证生产用自来水的流量为(250,350)t/h,自来水单价3.2元/t,需耗用(1.92,2.688)万元/天,这不但会增加运行成本,而且由于北京地区水源紧张,若长时间大量使用自来水,必须得到有关部门的许可。 engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan and pump installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for lifting 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the 目前向阳闸来水受到污染的时间每年只有几天到1个月,此间可暂时使用自来水;如果长期受到污染,必须对现有水处理工艺进行完善,增建去除有机物的 设施。 4 结 语 火电厂水源水受到有机物污染可从多方面进行查定,本文给出的判断方法简单实用,可供同行借鉴。 engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan and pump installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for lifting 6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the