2019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷（答案解析）

2020/3/42019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=ab23e630379445b8ad1d1275d1083160&type=analyze1/182019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷(详解)一、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）1.【答案】【解析】TonsofwasteisbeingleftonMountQomolangmabya1（grow）numberofvisitors,whichbothersmanypeople.Ateamwilldealwiththetask2theclimbingseasonendsthisMay,bywhichtimetherewillbefewervisitors.Garbage3（collect）onQomolangmarequiredtwotothreeyearsoftraining,accordingtoCeringDandar,amountaineerandguide.growing;after或when或when;collection1.考查非谓语。grow做定语修饰名词number,和被修饰词之间是主动关系，所以用growing。2.考查从属连词。句意应该为：一队人将会去处理这个问题在五月爬山季结束后/结束时，故答案为after或when。3.考查名词做主语。根据句意：珠穆朗玛峰上的垃圾收集要求2-3年的时间……可知句子缺少主语，主语由名词担任，故用collect的名词形式collection。2.【答案】1：2：3：【解析】Foodisoneofthemostbasicandimportantdailyneeds.Itgivesusthestrengthandenergyweneed1（work）andplay.Foodalsoplaysaroleinoursocialinteractions.Whetherwe2（celebrate）importantoccasionsorjustrelaxingwithfriends,eatingisanimportantsocialpastime.Itisalsoanimportantpartofourculture.3aparticularpeopleliketoeatcantellusalot4acountry'sgeography,historyandtraditions.towork;arecelebrating;What;about考查非谓语动词。work在need后做宾语，故用todo形式。考查时态。根据句意：不论我们是在庆祝重要的场合还是和朋友在放松……且下文relaxing用的doing形式，可知celebrate应该用进行时态。考查从句。根据句意：一个特定的人喜欢的食物可以告诉我们很多关于……的事。此句中含有一个主语从句，eat后缺少宾语，故用what来引导。2020/3/42019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=ab23e630379445b8ad1d1275d1083160&type=analyze2/184：考查介词。句意：…可以告诉我们很多关于一个国家的地理，历史和传统的事情。故填about。3.【答案】【解析】GoingtomuseumshasbecomeatrendythingtododuringtheholidaysinChina.ApopularchoicethisSpringFestivalwasthePalaceMuseum,1aspecialexhibitionwasstagedtoprovideavirtualroyalexperienceforvisitors.Theentiremuseum2（decorate）withnewly-restoredancientroyallanternsandspringcouplets,includingasetoftheChinesecharacter"Fu"3（write）byfiveQingDynastyemperors.where;wasdecorated;written1.考查从句。根据句意：春节期间一个常见的选择就是国家博物馆，在那里，在进行一个特殊的关于……的展览。此句含有一个定语从句，修饰上文提到的Palacemuseun，引导词在从句中地点状语，所以用where来引导。2.考查时态和被动。根据句意:整个博物馆被用宫灯和春节的对联装饰起来了，可知decorate和主语museun之间是被动关系，且为一般过去时，所以答案为wasdecorated.3.考查非谓语。written做后置定语修饰thechinesecharacter"Fu",且为被动关系，所以用done形式。二、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）4.Duringmysecondyearinhighschool,Igotsickandmissedafewdays.WhenI1,Iwasgreetedwithtwoessaysdue,threedaysofmathandhistoryhomework,plusseveraltests.2Iwenthomefromschoolthatdayexhausted,Ihadtostayupreallylatetofinishthemall.Thenextdayatschool,Igotarudeawakening:I'dtotallyforgottentoprepareforthe3onRomeoandJuliet,whichI'dtake4mylunchhour!Worsestill,Ihad5thein-classdiscussionandallthenotes.Whenlunchcame,IwenttotheEnglishroomtofacemycertaindoom（厄运）.AllIcoulddowastryto6onthequestionsIdidn'tknow.Asitturnedout,Ididn'tknowthemajorityofthequestions.Iwasjustabouttogive7whenmypencilaccidentallyfellandbroke.Standingbytheblackboardsharpeningmypencil,I8downandthereinfullviewlaytheanswersheetforthe2020/3/42019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=ab23e630379445b8ad1d1275d1083160&type=analyze3/181.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.test!Whatgoodfortune!Icankissgood-byetoallmy9offailingthetest!Myheartstartedbeating,andmybrain10.Yes!Readovertheanswers—quickly!Thiswasquicklyfollowedbyanothervoice.No!You'llgetcaught!Mymindturningbackandforth.Yes!No!Yes!No!…Thiswentonfortenofthe11secondsinmyentirelife.Finally,Idecidedtofinishthetestonmyown,without12!Iwassatisfiedwithmydecisionbutpretty13Ihadfailedthetest.ThenextdaywhenIwalkedintotheEnglishroom,mygreatjoyofhavingbeenan14soulchangedintoawaveofdoomasIsawmytestpaperlyingfacedownonmydesk.Iknewwhatawaitedme.IstaredatitafewsecondsbeforeIgotupthe15toturnitover.Youcanonlyimaginemy16whenIlearnedthatIhadpassedthetest!Ihaveneverinmywholelifebeensohappytoseemy17,aC-.Mymomsaysthevictoriesthat18themostcouragearewonwithin.NowIknow19whatshemeans.Nownotonlycanmyconscience（良心）resteasy,butIdon'thavetoworryaboutgettingcaughtandmeetingasad20likeRomeoandJuliet.A.arrivedB.returnedC.appearedD.finishedA.IfB.BecauseC.UntilD.AlthoughA.lectureB.essayC.playD.testA.byB.uponC.overD.towardA.missedB.carriedC.lostD.droppedA.dependB.agreeC.guessD.improveA.inB.offC.outD.awayA.wroteB.settledC.calmedD.lookedA.boredomB.worriesC.lonelinessD.tirednessA.whisperedB.warnedC.persuadedD.chantedA.coldestB.saddestC.longestD.fastestA.sufferingB.checkingC.cheatingD.thinkingA.certainB.regretfulC.annoyedD.relievedA.openB.honestC.optimisticD.energeticA.wisdomB.encouragementC.intentionD.nerveA.anxietyB.shockC.fearD.appreciationA.paperB.creditC.rateD.grade2020/3/42019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=ab23e630379445b8ad1d1275d1083160&type=analyze4/1818.19.20.【答案】1：2：3：4：5：6：7：8：9：10：11：12：【解析】A.takeB.putC.findD.gainA.graduallyB.exactlyC.willinglyD.seeminglyA.filmB.factC.endingD.loveBDDCACADBACCABDBDABC考查动词辨析。Aarrive到达，Breturn回来Cappear出现Dfinish完成。根据句意：我生病请了几天假，等我回来的时候…。故选B。考查连词辨析。Aif如果Bbecause因为Cuntil直到Dalthough虽然即使。根句意：虽然我那天回到家非常的疲惫，但是我不得不熬夜完成作业。故选D。考查名词辨析。Alecture演讲Bessay散文Cplay戏剧Dtest测验。本句句意为：我完全忘记了去为……做准备，根据下文第三段第四行failingthetest可知是为考试做准备。故选D。考查介词辨析。根据句意：我需要在午饭的时间参加考试，over表示"在……期间"故选C。考查动词辨析。Amiss错过Bcarry携带Close失去Ddrop掉落。根据上文，我没有为考试做准备，更糟糕的是，我也错过了课堂的讨论和所有的笔记。故选A。考查动词辨析。Adepend取决于Bagree同意Cguess猜测Dimprove提高。句意为：我所有能做的就是尽力去猜测我所不知道我的问题。故选C。考查副词辨析。此题的选项和文中的give可以组成give短语。Agivein屈服Bgiveoff散发出（气味等）Cgiveout分发Dgiveaway赠送。句意为：我正要放弃，这时候我考查动词辨析。Awrite写Bsettle定居Cclam镇定下来Dlook看。句意为：站在黑板旁边削铅笔，我低头看见了写着考试答案的纸。故选D。考查名词辨析。Aboredom无聊Bworry担心担忧Cloneliness孤独Dtiredness疲惫。根据句意：如果我记住答案纸上的答案，那我就不必再担心考试不及格了。故选B。考查动词辨析。Awhisper低语Bwarn警告Cpersuade说服Dchant唱。句意为：我的心跳加速，我的大脑中有个声音在说：快去看答案。故选A。考查形容词辨析。Acold冷的Bsad悲伤的Clong长的Dfast快的。根据上文，我对是否要偷看答案纠结不定，所以这几秒钟的时候让我感觉很长。句意为：（是否看答案）这件事在我的脑海中持续了十秒钟，这十秒钟是我一生中最长的十秒钟。故选C。2020/3/42019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=ab23e630379445b8ad1d1275d1083160&type=analyze5/1813：14：15：16：17：18：19：20：考查动词辨析。Asuffer遭受Bcheck检查Ccheat欺骗，作弊Dthink思考。句意为：最后，我决定独立完成这次考试，不作弊。故选C。考查形容词辨析。Acertain一定的，确定的Bregretful后悔的，遗憾的Cannoyed生气的，恼怒的Drelieved松了一口气，放松的。根据上文，我最终决定不作弊，独立完成考试。本句句意为：我很满意自己（不作弊）的决定但是也很确定我一定会考试不及格。故选A。考查形容词辨析。Aopen开放的Bhonest诚实的Coptimistic乐观的Denergetic精力充沛的。根据上文，我对自己不作弊的决定很满意。可知我觉得自己是一个诚实的人。句意为：第二天，当我走进教室，看到试卷的时候，做一个诚实的灵魂的喜悦变成了…..。故选B。考查名词辨析。Awisdom智慧Bencouragement鼓励Cintention目的，意图Dnerve勇气，胆量。根据上文我确定这次考试会不及格，所以当我看到试卷的时候，我知道什么等着我（不及格的成绩）句意为：我盯着这个试卷看了一会才鼓足勇气去把它翻过来。故选D。考查名词辨析。Aanxiety焦虑Bshock震惊Cfear恐惧Dappreciation感激，欣赏。根据上文，我确定我会考试不及格，可知我当我看到我的成绩及格了是很吃惊的状态。句意为：当我看到我通过了这次考试的结果时候，你能想象我的震惊。故选B。考查名词词义辨析。Apaper纸Bcredit信用，学分Crate率Dgrade分数，成绩。句意为：我在我的人生中从来没有因为看到我的成绩是C而这么开心过。故选D。考查动词辨析。Atake花费，需要Bput放Cfind找到，发现Dgain获得。句意为：我妈妈说那些需要很大勇气才取得的胜利才是内在的真正的胜利。故选A。考查副词辨析。Agradually渐渐地Bexactly准确的，精确地Cwillingly心甘情愿地Dseemingly好像，似乎。句意为：现在，我真正明白了妈妈的话的含义。故选B。考查名词辨析。Afilm电影Bfact事实Cending结尾，结束D爱。句意为：我既不会良心难安，也不必担心作弊被抓，遇到一个和罗密欧和朱丽叶一样（悲伤的）结局。故选C。三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）5.2020/3/42019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=ab23e630379445b8ad1d1275d1083160&type=analyze6/18A.B.C.D.（1）A.Itissafe.B.Itislasting.C.Itisportable.D.Itiscomfortable.（2）（3）ThePerfectSleepChairisdesignedtobethemostcomfortablereclinerchair.Whetheryouaresittingupright,relaxinginyourfavoriteTVviewingposition,orlyingcompletelyflatforsleeping,it'slikebeingonacloud.Acloudthathasbuilt-inheatandmassagesettingstomatchyourownpersonalcomfortlevel.Itevenhasabatterybackupincaseofapowercut.WithPerfectSleepChair,there'saperfectpositionforeverybody,eventhosethatprefertolieflatbutwanttheadditionalsupportthatmostmattresses（垫子）don'tprovide.Atthetouchofabutton,thePerfectSleepChairgentlyliftsyoutoanalmoststandingpositionsoyoucangetbackonyourfeetwithease.Someownersusethisfeaturedaily,whileothersuseitwhenrecoveringfromanillness.Timeandtimeagain,ourcustomerstellustheyaretiredofhavingtoreplacetheirreclinersduetoqualityissues.Wehearyou!ThatiswhythePerfectSleepChairishandmadeintheUSAusingqualityhardwoodsandonlythehighestqualityupholster（垫衬物）.Eachchairiscarefullycraftedbyworkersandnotjustabunchofrobots.Everychairstructureisguaranteedforlifeandtheelectroniccomponentsaregenerouslywarrantedforthreeyears.Simplyput,it'sthehighestqualitychaironthemarket—butitdoesn'tendthere…WhenyoupurchasethePerfectSleepChair,you'llgetyourchoiceofclothandcolors!You'llalsoreceiveWhiteGloveDelivery.Professionalswillcarrythechairtotheexactspotinyourhomewhereyouwantit,unpackit,inspectit,testit,positionit,andeventakethepackagingaway!Toensurethatyourproductandpurchaseprocessisofthehighestquality,ourcustomerserviceteamisheretoansweranyquestion,fivedaysaweek,from9a.m.to8p.m.Pleasecallusat800-958-8324.Accordingtotheadvertisement,PerfectSleepChair.helpsdetectillnessessupportsvariousbodypositionscomeswithanadditionalmattressadjustsitstemperatureaccordinglyWhatisthekeyfeatureofPerfectSleepChairintroducedinParagraph3?Whatservicecancustomersreceive?2020/3/42019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=ab23e630379445b8ad1d1275d1083160&type=analyze7/18A.Homedelivery.B.Freereplacement.C.A24-hourhotline.D.Amoney-backguarantee.（1）（2）（3）【答案】（1）（2）（3）【解析】BBA细节题。根据第一段第二句话Whetheryouaresittingupright,relaxinginyourfavoriteTVviewingposition,orlyingcompletelyflatforsleeping,it'likebeingonacloud.不论你是笔直的坐着，还是看你最喜欢的电视的时候的放松的姿势，或者是平躺着睡觉，你都会感觉像在云上一样。可知这种"完美睡眠椅"可以支持各种各样的姿势。故选B。细节题。根据第三段市面上很多消费者抱怨质量问题，而我们的"完美睡眠椅"考虑到了这些问题，介绍了这种睡眠椅的材质，使用年限等，最后一句 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf 到：it'sthehighestqualitychaironthemarket它是市面上质量最好的椅子，可知第三段主要讲这种椅子的质量好，使用时间长久。故选B。细节题。根据倒数第二段的第二句话You'llalsoreceiveWhiteGloveDelivery.Professionalswillcarrythechairtotheexactspotinyourhomewhereyouwantit….工作人员会把椅子送到家里你想摆放的地方。可知，买这种椅子可以送货到家。故选A。6.IntheshorttimeSteveandZachhadbeeninsidetheirtentpackingtheirtools,wind-blownflamehadskippedfromthetopofonetreetoanother.Thelongdrysummerhadturnedtheforestintoatinderbox."Let'sgo!Wecanmakeitbacktotheriverwecrossedtoday!"StevekeptBradyontheleadandtheirheadsdownagainstthefire-wind.ButBradybarkedasharpwarning.Aheadofthemlayathickcurtainofsmokeacrossthetrack.Theywouldnevermakeitthroughthat.Thedogwaspullingathisleadtryingtodrawthemawayfromthesmoke,andyetStevewasuneasy.Itseemedtohimthattheyweremovingawayfromtheriver.Suddenly,Zachcried."Zach!"Steveshouted."AreyouOK?Whereareyou?"ThenBradypulledStevedownasharpslope（坡）.Atitsbase,Zachwasrubbinghisankle.AsStevehelpedhisfriendtohisfeet,Bradyliftedhisheadandsnuffed（嗅）thesmoke-ladenwind.Nextmoment,thedogboundedawayanddisappeared.Theboysshoutedforhim,buthedidn'tcomeback.Stevecouldn'tblameBradyforpanicking.He2020/3/42019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=ab23e630379445b8ad1d1275d1083160&type=analyze8/18A.Theygotinjured.B.Theylosttheirdog.C.Theyweretrapped.D.Theybecameseparated.（1）A.seekhelpB.findawayoutC.rescueZachD.escapeforlife（2）A.Uneasy.B.Impatient.C.Numb.D.Uncertain.（3）A.anadventureB.anexplorationC.anescapegameD.atrainingprogram（4）（1）（2）（3）（4）【答案】（1）（2）【解析】himselfwantedtoruneventhoughhedidn'thaveacluewhichway.SteveandZachhadn'tgonefarwhentherewasafamiliarbark,andBradycamebounding,stoppeddirectlyinfrontofSteveandhithimwithhishead,pushinghimbacktowardtheslopethey'djustclimbed.ButStevedidn'tgetit.ThenBradygrabbedtheboy'sjeansandstartedpulling.Themessagewasclear,butStevehesitated.OfcourseherememberedBradysavinghisuncle'slifewhenthedogwasmuchyounger.Washestillsharpenoughtogetthemthroughthis?Nearby,apinewentupinawhooshofsmoke.Bradypulledagain,urgently."OK,bigguy,"Stevegritted（咬紧牙关）.Bradyledthembackdowntheslopeandintothetrees.Notfarfromthemfirewastouchingunderbrush.Severaltimesthebigdogstopped.Oftenhechangeddirections.Stevewassotiredthathejustwantedtorest,butBradywouldn'thaveit.Thedogbulliedbothboystogoon.Howlongthey'dwalkedStevehadnoidea.Hewasalmostnumbwhenheheardit—thewonderfulsoundofrushingwater!WhathappenedtoSteveandZachatfirst?Bradyranawayto.HowdidStevefeelafterBradypulledhisjeans?Thepassagebasicallydescribes.DBDA细节题。根据文章第三段第一行Steveshouted."AreyouOK?Whereareyou?"Steve问Zach你还好吗？你在哪？可知，他们两个人分开了。故选D。2020/3/42019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=ab23e630379445b8ad1d1275d1083160&type=analyze9/18（3）（4）推断题。根据倒数第二段后半部分和最后一段，Brady跑回来，推着他们走，最终听到了水声，走出了森林，可知Brady跑开不是逃跑，而是去找出路。故选B。细节题，根据文章倒数第二段ThenBradygrabbedtheboy'sjeansandstartedpulling.Themessagewasclear,butStevehesitated.Brady抓着他的牛仔裤开始拉，显然是想让他们跟着走，但是Steve却犹豫了，可知Steve有点不确定。故选D。主旨题。文章描述了两个朋友和一条狗在森林中迷路，最终在忠诚的狗狗的帮助下走出森林的故事，可知这是一个探险的故事。故选A。7.Mostgroupsofplantsandanimalsarericherinspeciesandmoreplentifulneartheequator.Intheocean,thatholdstrueforcold-bloodedpredators（掠食者）.Butwarm-bloodedpredatorsaremorediversetowardthepolesandnoticeablymissingfromseveralwarmhotspots.Why?JohnGrady,anecologist,andhisteamconsideredthepossibility—warm-bloodedanimalsneedalottofueltheirmetabolism（新陈代谢）.Perhapscolderwatersarejustricherinsmallfish?Buttheyfoundthatathigher,colderplaces,thereisn'tactuallymuchmorefoodaround.It'smorethatwarm-bloodedanimalsareeatingamuchbiggershareofitthantheircold-bloodedcompetitors.Therealexplanationissimple.Ananimal'sspeed,swiftness,andintelligencedependonitsmetabolism,whichinturndependsonitstemperature.Sincebirdsandmammalscankeepheatingtheirbodiesinicyconditions,theyremainfastandattentive.Bycontrast,thefishtheyhuntbecomeslowerandduller.Atsometippingpointoftemperature,seals,dolphins,andpenguinsstartoutswimmingtheirprey（猎物）.Theybecomemorelikelytocomeupontargetsandoutpacethecold-bloodedpredatorsoftheirown.InGrady'swords,"Warm-bodiedpredatorsarefavouredwherepreysareslow,stupidandcold."That'swhysharksandotherpredatoryfishdominateneartheequator,butcolderwatersarethekingdomofwhalesandseals.Bykeepingfoodtothemselvesinthepoles,thesecreaturescanthenspecializeonspecifictypesofprey,whichmakesthemmorelikelytosplitintoseparatespecies.ThekillerwhalesoftheNorthPacific,forexample,includemammal-eatingtransientsandfish-eating,year-roundresidents.2020/3/42019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=ab23e630379445b8ad1d1275d1083160&type=analyze10/18A.Becausethereismorefood.B.Becausetherearefewerenemies.C.Becausetheyarefasterandwiser.D.Becausetheyconsumelessenergy.（1）A.B.C.D.（2）A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Neutral.D.Sceptical.（3）A.B.C.D.（4）（1）（2）（3）（4）【答案】（1）【解析】Buttheworldischanging.It'slikelythatthesurfaceoftheoceanswillwarmby2to3℃withinthiscentury.Grady'steamestimatesthateverytimetheocean'ssurfacewarmsby1℃,populationsofseamammalswillfallby12%,andpopulationsofsealsandsealionswillfallby24%.But"predictionsarehard,"DonnaHauserfromtheUniversityofAlaskaFairbanksnotes."Polarbearsarelosersofawarmingworld,butsomepopulationsarestilldoingwell.Somegroupsofwhaleshavechangedthetimingoftheirmigrations;othersarehuntingindeeper,colderwaters.Thesechangesmightmakeseamammalsmoreadaptabletochangingclimates.Maybetheyjustneedtofindtheplaceswherefishremainslow,stupidandcold."Whyaretheremoretypesofwarm-bloodedpredatorsnearthepoles?Theauthormentionsthekillerwhalestoshow.thebenefitofbiologicalevolutionfoodpreferenceofdifferentseamammalsthedistinctionofspecifictypesofpredatorstheadvantageofconstantbodytemperatureWhatisDonnaHauser'sattitudetowardsthefutureoftheseamammals?Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?ArethePolesHeavenforSeaPredators?HowDoSeaMammalsTrackTheirPrey?WhyDotheWarm-BloodedLikeFoodCold?IstheWorldTooHotfortheWarm-Blooded?CDAC推理题。文章第三段提到，动物的新陈代谢取决于温度。warm-blooded动物在极寒的天气下仍然能保持身体和思维的敏捷，而他们的猎物才变得行动迟缓，反应变慢（slowerandduller）所以他们才能追上并捕获猎物。故选C。2020/3/42019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=ab23e630379445b8ad1d1275d1083160&type=analyze11/18（2）（3）（4）推理题。根据第四段："That'swhysharksandotherpredatoryfishdominateneartheequator,butcolderwatersarethekingdomofwhalesandseals."的内容以及文章主旨"恒温掠食者分布更广是因为受低温影响更少"故选D。推理题。文章最后一段倒数第二句话提到：Thesechangesmightmakeseamammalsmoreadaptabletochangingclimates（全球变暖等）这些改变可能会使海洋哺乳动物更能适应不断变化的气候，可知DonnaHauser对于海洋哺乳动物的未来的是比较乐观的。故选A。主旨题。文章首段就提出了这篇文章的中心：cold-blooded动物主要集中在赤道，而warm-blooded动物主要集中地两极。正篇文章都是围绕这个话题展开的。故选C。8.Lastfall,Ihappenedtooverhearastudenttellingtheothershehaddecidednottosignupforanintroductoryphilosophycourse.Thedemandsofhismajor,hesaidseriously,meantheneededtotake"practical"courses,and"enlightenment"wouldsimplyhavetowait.Fornow,employabilitywasthemostimportant.Thestudents'conversationfitsintoalargeralarmingnarrativeabouttheroleofthehumanitiesinhighereducation.Inatimeofdizzyingtechnologicalachievementandofrapidscientificinnovation,scepticsofthehumanitiesmayquestiontheusefulnessofstudyingAristotle,theItalianRenaissanceorChinesefiction.Actually,Iregretnotinterruptingthatstudenttoarguefortakingthatintroductoryphilosophycourse.Iwouldhavestartedbyremindinghimthat,formuchofAmerica'shistory,collegegraduateswerenotconsideredtrulyeducatedunlesstheyhadmasteredphilosophy,literature,politicaltheoryandhistory.Thekeyroleofhighereducationwastoinvitestudentsintotheconversationsaboutmatterslikewhatitmeanstobealiveandthedefinitionofjustice.Fosteringengagementwiththesesubjectsisstillanessentialpartoftheuniversity'sfunctioninsociety.Iwouldhavealsomentionedtothestudentthathewasmisinformedaboutthejobmarket.Itistruethatmanyemployersarelookingforgraduateswithspecializedtechnicalskills,buttheyalsolookforothercapabilities.Astheworldistransformedbyartificialintelligence,machinelearningandautomation,theuniquehumanqualitiesofcreativity,imaginationandmoralreasoningwillbetheultimatecoinoftherealm.Alltheseskillsaredevelopedinhumanitiescourses.2020/3/42019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=ab23e630379445b8ad1d1275d1083160&type=analyze12/18A.B.C.D.（1）A.Highlyvalued.B.Equallyapplied.C.Strictlyassessed.D.Greatlyimproved.（2）A.discoverstudents'artisticabilityB.preparestudentsforgraduationC.raiseawarenessofsocialstatusD.providegreatinsightsintolife（3）A.B.（4）Further,Iwouldhavearguedthatwhileadegreeanchoredinthesciencesisanimportantpreconditionformanyjobs,itisnottheonlyroute.LooknofurtherthanthefoundersofcompaniessuchasLinkedIn,SlackandFlickr,whoareamongthemanytechbusinesspersonswithdegreesinthehumanities,andwhocreditthattrainingfortheirsuccess.Contrarytothewidelyheldbeliefthathumanitiesmajorshaveahardtimegettingjobs,recentstudiesshowthatthosewithhumanitiesdegreesaresuccessfulintheworkplace,experiencinglowratesofunemploymentandreportinghighlevelsofjobsatisfaction.Theratiobetweenaveragemedian（中位数）incomesforhumanitiesdegreeholdersandthosewithbusiness,engineering,andhealthandmedicalsciencesdegreeshasbeenshowntonarrowoverthecourseofacareer.Thecaseforthehumanitiescanalsobeunderstoodinlesstransactionaltermsandmoreasafoundationalpreparationforalifewelllived.Ahumanitieseducationplaysavitalroleinencouragingcitizenstoleadanexaminedlife.Itfosterscriticalthinking,self-reflection,empathyandtolerance,theusefulnessofwhichonlybecomesmoreapparentasonenavigateslife'schallenges.Byallmeans,studentsshouldtakecoursestheythinkpracticalandfollowtheirinterests,butiftheyalsomakeapointofstudyingtheliteratureoftheRenaissance,orresearchingintomodernpoetry,oreventakingintroductoryphilosophy,wewillallbenefit.Whatdothestudents'conversationshow?Studentsfeelemploymentdifficult.Studentsthinkphilosophylessimportant.Studentsfindscientificinnovationamazing.Studentsconsideruniversitycoursesunsatisfying.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph4probablymean?Theauthormayagreethathumanities.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthepassage?I:IntroductionP:PointSp:Sub-point（次要点）C:Conclusion2020/3/42019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=ab23e630379445b8ad1d1275d1083160&type=analyze13/18C.D.（1）（2）（3）（4）【答案】（1）（2）（3）（4）【解析】BADD推理判断题。文章第一段提到两个学生的对话。表明学生认为人文学科对于毕业后找工作没有明显的优势，所以他决定不在报名哲学课程。故答案选B。词义猜测题。第四段Astheworldistransformedbyartificialintelligence,machinelearningandautomation,theuniquehumanqualitiesofcreativity,imaginationandmoralreasoningwillbetheultimatecoinoftherealm.Alltheseskillsaredevelopedinhumanitiescourses.句意为：随着世界想人工智能、机械学习和自动化的转变，人类所特有的创造性、想象力和道德推理能力都会…。这些技能都是在人文学科培养的，可知，这些技能也很重要。故选A。事实细节题。文章倒数第二段提到，Ahumanitieseducationplaysavitalroleinencouragingcitizenstoleadanexaminedlife.人文学科的教育在鼓励市民过着一个受审视的生活（反思自己的人生）方面起着重要的作用。故选D。语篇结构题。文章第1-2段，通过我听过两个学生对话，发现学生对高校的人文学科不太重视。然后我从三个方面阐述了人文学科的重要性。第三段是第一方面，从哲学课培养学生的思辨能力角度来阐述。第4至6段是第二方面，主要讲的是人文学科在求职方面的重要作用，第4段主要讲人文学科的学习使人和冰冷机器不同，人有想象力、创造力、道德推理能力等，第五段主要讲理科学历并不是求职的唯一途径，很多企业家都获得了人文学科的高学历，第6段通过例子说明文科学历一样好找工作。第7段是第三方面，只要从人文学科对人的生活方面的有益影响。故选D。2020/3/42019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=ab23e630379445b8ad1d1275d1083160&type=analyze14/18四、七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）9.A.B.C.D.E.F.AreYouaPrisonerofPerfection?Doyoustruggleforagoalthatisbeyondyourreach?1Areyousettingyourselfupforfailureandshamewhenyoucan'tachievetheunachievable?Understandingwhatdrivesperfectionismisthefirststeptowardreleasingthisself-createdanchorthatkeepsusstuck.Shameandfearareoftenthehiddendriversofperfectionism.Webelievethatifwecanfashionaperfectlypolishedpersonality,flashourintelligence,andperfectourhumour,thennoonecanhurtuswithcriticismandwe'llwinrespectandapproval.2Politicianswhodisplayadesperateneedtoberightandrefusetoacknowledgemistakesoruncertaintyareoftendrivenbyasecretshame.Theyfearthatshowingvulnerability（弱点）willexposethemtotheaccusationthatthey'reweak.Theysticktoadesiretoberight,perfect,andpolished,evenwhenit'sobviousthattheemperorhasnoclothes.Perfectionismkeepsusleaningtowardthefuture.We'reconstantlyevaluatingourselvesinordertodobetter.3However,ifwecan'trelaxandenjoylightermoments,thenwebecomeprisonersofourperfectionism.Wegetpainfullyself-consciousandtakeourselvestooseriously.Sadly,wedeprive（剥夺）ourselvesofthesimplepleasureofenjoyingthemomentandbeingourselves.4Werealizethatfailingatanyenterprisedoesn'tmeanthatweareafailure.Withoutfailures,we'llneverlearnfromourmistakes;we'llnevermoveforwardinourlives.Thosewhosucceedhavemadecountlessmistakes.Theimportantthingistolearnfromourerror,forgiveourselvesandmoveon.Beinghuman,perfectionisimpossible.5Releasingourselvesfromthedesiretoprotectourimage,we'refreedtosailgracefullythroughoursuccessesandfailures—andenjoyourpreciouslife.Doyouholdanidealizedvisionthatisimpossibletorealize?Acuretoperfectionismistomakeroomforourhumanshortcomings.Doyoufearthatotherswillbehorrifiedbywhatyoujudgeaboutyourself?Theaddictiontostayingperfectprotectsusfromanysignofbeingimperfect.There'snothingwrongwithwantingtodoourbestandself-correctingalongtheway.2020/3/42019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=ab23e630379445b8ad1d1275d1083160&type=analyze15/18G.【答案】1：2：3：4：5：【解析】Peoplewhoareaddictedtoperfectionareoftenisolated,eveniftheyseemoutgoingandpopular.Byacceptingourselvesasweareanddoingourbest,webegintoridtheshamethatdrivesperfectionism.ADEBG文章一开头用三个问句来引出本文的主题。所以这空也是一个问句，答案在AC中。A句意为：你是否持有一个不太可能实现的理想化的梦想？C句意为：你是否害怕别人将会对你的自我判断感到震惊？联系上文，你是否正在为一个超出你能力的目标而奋斗，可知A项更能连接自然。故选A。第三段提到，追求完美是因为害怕暴露自己的缺点，所以他们坚持一个欲望，即必须正确，必须完美，甚至当皇帝的确没有穿衣服的时候，也不能承认。D项句意为：沉迷于保持完美可以保护我们远离任何不完美的迹象。故选D。空后的句子However,ifwecan'trelaxandenjoylightermoments,thenwebecomeprisonersofourperfectionism.句意为:然而，如果我们想要放松享受更轻松的时光的话，我们就会变成完美主义的囚徒，很难突破。此句和上文为转折关系，可知上文讲的是保持完美主义的好处。E项There'snothingwrongwithwantingtodoourbestandself-correctingalongtheway.一直想要做的最好，并不停地修正自己没有什么问题。和下文正好构成转折关系。故选E。倒数第二段讲的是，我们要接受失败和犯错，没有失败，我们就无法从错误中学习并成长。B项Acuretoperfectionismistomakeroomforourhumanshortcomings.要想治愈完美主义就要为缺点腾地方（即承认并接受缺点与不足）。故选B。空前的句意为：作为人类，完美是不可能的。空后句意为：把我们自己从追求完美的牢笼中释放出来，我们就能自由的航行，经历失败，经历成功，享受生活。G项Byacceptingourselvesasweareanddoingourbest,webegintoridtheshamethatdrivesperfectionism.在分奋斗的路上接受真实的自己，用这种方式，我们就能开始避免因为不完美而羞愧。故选G。五、书面表达（共两节，共35分）第一节应用文（15分）10.假设你是红星中学学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他想了解北京近几年发生了怎样的变化。请给他回复邮件，内容包括：2020/3/42019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=ab23e630379445b8ad1d1275d1083160&type=analyze16/18【答案】【解析】1.变化；2.原因；3.感受。注意：1.词数不少于50；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,Yours,LiHuaDearJim,I'mverygladtoknowthatyouareinterestedinthechangesinBeijing.Letmetellyousomeofthedevelopmentsduringthepastfewyears.Ihavewitnessedmanygreatchangesinmycity.Themostimpressiveoneistherapiddevelopmentoftransportation.Inthepast,peopletravelledmainlybybus.Nowadays,withmoreandmoresubwaylinesbuilt,itismuchfasterandmoreconvenientforpeopletogoalmosteverywhere.Additionally,thespreadofpublicbikeshelpspeopletravelanydistancemoreeasily.Allthesecouldn'thavehappenedwithoutthemeasurestakenbythegovernmentandapplicationsofnewtechnology.Ienjoytheseconvenienceseverydayandfeelproudofmycity.IamconfidentthatBeijingwillbecomemoreliveableinthefuture.Justcomeandhavealookyourself!Yours,LiHuawitnessmanygreatchanges见证许多巨大的改变therapiddevelopmentoftransportation交通的迅速发展thespreadofpublicbikes公共自行车的普及themeasurestakenbythegovernmentandapplicationsofnewtechnology政府采取的措施和新技术的应用第二节情景作文（20分）2020/3/42019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=ab23e630379445b8ad1d1275d1083160&type=analyze17/1811.【答案】【解析】假设你是红星中学学生李华。你和同学在寒假期间去医院参加了志愿者活动，请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序，给校刊英语角写一篇英文稿件，介绍此次经历。注意：词数不少于60。提示词：自助挂号机self-service,registration,machineLastwintervacation,myclassmatesandIworkedasvolunteersinahospital.Onourfirstmorning,adoctorgaveusalecture,informingusofourrolesasvolunteers.Itwasthefirsttimeformetoknowthedailyroutinesinahospital.Thenextmorning,fullyprepared,wewenttodifferentpostsandstartedourjob.Togetherwithmyclassmates,Iassistedsomepatientswhentheydidn'tknowhowtousetheself-serviceregistrationmachine.Forseniorcitizens,wehelpedthemregistertosavethemthetrouble.Besides,Ishowedpeoplethewaytodifferentconsultingrooms.Forthoseelderlypatients,weaccompaniedthemallthewayuntilitwastheirappointmenttime.Theyreallyappreciatedourhelp.LaterIsharedmypictureinthehospitalonWeChatMoments.Innotime,Ireceivedlotsoflikesfrommyfriends.Someevenexpressedtheirgreatinterestinthevoluntarywork.Actually,Ihadthemostamazingexperiencedoingverysimplethingsforothers.这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来。动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题。本作文中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思2020/3/42019年北京东城区高三一模英语试卷https://aibeikeresource.jiaoyanyun.com/#/print?id=ab23e630379445b8ad1d1275d1083160&type=analyze18/18连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化。平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果。高分句型一Togetherwithmyclassmates,Iassistedsomepatientswhentheydidn'tknowhowtousetheself-serviceregistrationmachine.译文：当一些病人不知道如何使用自助挂号机时，我和我的同学一起帮助他们。分析：when引导时间状语从句，how+不定式作宾语。高分句型二Forthoseelderlypatients,weaccompaniedthemallthewayuntilitwastheirappointmenttime.译文：对于那些老年病人，我们一直陪着他们，直到他们预约的时候。分析：until引导时间状语从句。