九年级英语寒假专题—动词不定式的用法北京实验版知识精讲

九MATCH_ word word文档格式规范word作业纸小票打印word模板word简历模板免费word简历 _1714214366299_0英语寒假专题—动词不定式的用法北京实验版【本讲教育信息】一、教学内容动词不定式的用法二、教学目标帮助同学们系统复习动词不定式的构成及用法三、教学难点动词不定式作表语和宾补四、重点知识讲解动词不定式在句中可充当主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语等。（一）作主语1.动词不定式作主语可位于句首。例如：Tolearnaskillisveryimportantforeveryoneinsociety.2.也可使用it作形式主语，而将动词不定式置于句末。例如：Itisnecessaryforyoungstudentstolearnaforeignlanguage.3.动词不定式作主语的常用句型有：(1)Itis＋adj./n.(＋forsb.／sth.)＋todosth.用于此句型的形容词有：easy,hard,difficult,possible,important,impossible,necessary,good,bad,exciting,interesting,surprising等。例如：Itisinterestingtoplaythisgame.Itisnecessaryforyoutochangeyourjob.Itwasimpossibleforthemtocompletethetaskinsuchashorttime.中考链接：Is____possibletoflytothemooninaspaceship?A.nowB.manC.thatD.it(2)Itis＋adj.＋ofsb.＋todosth.该句型中只能使用描述某人的品德、特征的形容词，如：kind,nice,wise,silly,polite,impolite,friendly,foolish,clever等。例如：Itisfriendlyofthefamilytotrytomakemefeelathomeintheirhouse.Itwassillyofyoutogiveupsuchagoodchance！(3)Ittake(s)sb.＋sometime＋todosth.该句型意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”。例如：Ittookushalfanhourtoridetothetownbybike.（二）作表语动词不定式作表语常用于以下结构：Mywish/job/aim/goalis…及Thenextstep/measureis…等。例如：Yourjobistotypethepapersintheoffice.Thenextmeasureistostoptheriverfrombeingpolluted.（三）作宾语动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree,choose,decide,hope,fail,wish,refuse,expect,manage,plan,intend,pretend,promise,offer,afford,demand,arrange等。例如：Theydecidedtobuildahighwaybetweenthesetwocities.SheofferedtohelpmewhenIwasintrouble.think,consider,feel,make等动词可用于“动词+it+adj./n.+todosth.”句型，其中使用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语动词不定式置于句末。例如：Ithinkitnecessaryforustohaveagoodrestafterthelongwalk.Shefeltitherdutytohelptheoldwoman.（四）作宾补可后接动词不定式作宾补的动词有：advise,allow,ask,hear,order,see,tell,want,wish,watch等。例如：Sheadvisesustohaveadiscussionaboutit.Thedoctoradvisedhernottoeattoomuchsugar.Iwishyoutogotothemeetingwithme.hope,demand,suggest等动词不能后接动词不定式作宾补。例如：Ihopemysonwillbebacksoon.Shesuggeststhatwe(should)haveadiscussionaboutit.在主动结构中，下列动词后作宾补的动词不定式应省略to：“五看”(see,watch,notice,observe,lookat)“三使”(make,let,have)“两听”(hear,listento)“一感觉”(feel)。例如：Whomadehimworkallnightlong?但是，改为被动结构后，应补出省略的to。例如：Hewasseentobreakthewindow.（五）作定语动词不定式作定语，应位于所修饰词语之后，即：作后置定语。例如：Haveyougotanythingtoeat?下列名词后常接动词不定式作定语：ability,attempt,chance,courage,decision,effort,failure,promise,way,wish等。例如：Butshegaveupthechancetogoabroad.由only,first,last,next以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词后，也常接不定式作定语。例如：Whowasthelastonetoleavetheclassroomlastnight?（六）作状语动词不定式作状语，可表示目的、原因、结果或条件。例如：Wewenttheretoseeourgrandparents.（目的）Iamverysorrytohearthat.（原因）Shehurriedhomeonlytofindherfatherdead.（结果）Tolookatthepicture,youwouldlikeit.（条件）作目的状语，还可以使用inorderto或soasto。例如：Theboyworkedsohardinordertomakeupforthelosttime.作结果状语还可以使用enoughto,too…to…,so…asto,such…asto等结构。例如：Hegotuptoolatetocatchtheearlybus.Shewasinsuchahurryasnottonoticeme.她如此匆忙，以致没有注意到我。【典型例题】（一）用括号中的动词的适当形式填空1.Ifhedoesn’tknowhow________(use)therecorder,you’dbetter________(show)him.2.Heisthelastone________(leave)theofficeeveryday.3.It’sbadmanners________(shout)inpublic.4.Theboyisoldenough________(dress)himself.5.Sheistooill________(go)toschool.（二）根据中英文提示完成下列各句1.Ittookmemuchtime________（算出这些难题）yesterday.2.Thebossmadetheworkers________（一天工作十小时）.3.Idon’tknow________（在会上说什么）.4.Canyoutellme________（在哪里能买到这本 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf ）?5.________（在何时何地召开这次会议）hasn’tbeendecidedyet.（三）单项选择1.I’msorry____youenoughhelp.A.havegivenB.ofnotgivingC.nottohavegivenD.tohavegiven2.SomestudentsfromGrade9____dosome____fortheold.A.volunteeredto;cleanB.volunteered;cleaningC.volunteeredto;cleaningD.volunteered;clean3.Theyoungmanwasoftenseen____bythelake.A.todrawB.todrawingC.drawD.drew4.Tomis____tomakealivingbyhimself.A.veryoldB.tooyoungC.toobigD.toostrong5.Ifind____himallaboutit.A.necessarytotellB.thatnecessarytotellC.necessaryittotellD.itnecessarytotell6.Theoldmanseems____inagreathurry.A.beB.tobeC.beingD.tobeing7.I____thesameneighborhoodwiththelovelygirl.A.happenedlivinginB.happenedtoliveinC.washappeninglivinginD.washappeningtolive8.It’stimeforsuppernow.Let’s______it.A.stoptohaveB.stophavingC.tostoptohaveD.tostophaving9.Youarenotexpected____suchlonghours.A.toworkB.workingC.workedD.work10.Hisfatheragreed____$4,000forthecar.A.withpayingB.topayingC.topayD.onpaying11.Themanpretended____whenwesawhim.A.tobeeatenB.eatingC.beingeatingD.tobeeating12.Hedoesn’tknow_____.A.whentodoB.whattodoC.howtodoD.wheretodo13.Todayweusemachines_____usdomostofourwork.A.tohelpB.helpC.helpingD.helped14.Shepreferredme_____there.A.tostayB.wouldstayC.IstayD.stay15.We’regoingtohelp_____thetrees.A.wateredB.wateringC.towateringD.water【模拟试题】（答题时间：80分钟）一、单项选择：1.I’mthirsty.Willyougetmesomething____?A.drinkB.todrinkC.eatD.eating2.Itwasgreatfun_____apicniconthehill.A.tohaveB.ofhavingC.haveD.had3.It’sbadforyoureyes____computergamesforalongtime.A.playsB.toplayC.playD.played4.—DoyouoftenhearJohn____inhisroom?—Yes.Listen!Nowwecanhearhim____inhisroom.A.sing;tosingB.singing;singingC.sing;singingD.tosing;singing5.Whynot____?A.lethimtogohomeB.tolethimgohomeC.lethimgohomeD.tolethimtogohome6.Theyweremade____fourteenhoursaday.A.workB.workingC.workedD.towork7.Isitalwayseasier____friendsthantokeepthem?A.makingB.makeC.tomakeD.made8.It____Jacktwentyminutes____themathproblemyesterday.A.took;toworkoutB.takes;workedoutC.hastaken;workoutD.istaking;workingout9.Whenyouleave,don’tforget____offthelight.A.toturnB.turningC.turnD.turned10.Whodoyouthinkyou’dlike____?A.tomakefriendsB.makefriendsC.tomakefriendswithD.makefriendswith11.AlthoughJefflovesKFC,hetries____ittoooften.A.toeatB.noteatC.tonoteatD.nottoeat12.—Hi,Betty.ShallwegoswimmingthisSunday?—ThisSunday?Iamsorry,Ihavealotofhomework____thisSunday.A.todoB.doneC.doD.tobedone13.Sallyhadnopen____yesterdaymorning.A.towriteB.towritewithC.writingD.writingwith14.JohnaskedDavidhow____Christmas.A.celebratingB.tocelebrateC.tobecelebratedD.celebrate15.WeallconsideredMr.Zhao____teacher.A.bethebestB.tobethebestC.beingbestD.beingthebest16.It’sverykind____youto____me____theheavybag.A.for;tell;totakeB.of;thank;forC.to;speak;tohaveD.of;help;carry17.Haveyoudecided____?A.togowithwhomB.whomtogowithC.whomgowithD.withwhomtogo18.Herhope____agoldmedalinthe2008OlympicGames.A.towinB.istowinC.winningD.willwin19.Themeetingroomisbigenough____onehundredpeople.A.holdingB.holdC.toholdD.holds20.Wouldyoupleasepassmetheknife____?A.tocutthewatermelonwithB.tocutthewatermelonC.cuttingthewatermelonD.cuttingthewatermelonwith21.Itisbettertoteachamantofishthan____himfish.A.givingB.togiveC.givesD.gave22.Thepolicemanwarnedtheyoungman____afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive23.Whatdoyouthinkisthebestway____thewildanimals?A.protectingB.toprotectC.protectedD.protect24.I’drather____ontheland____inafactory.A.work;thanworkB.work;workC.towork;thantoworkD.towork;towork25.Mygrandfatherisused____ahatinwinter.A.towearB.forwearingC.wearingD.towearing二、阅读理解：AItwastheend-of-yearparty.Ihadaskedmymothertomakeuscookies.Mom’schocolatechipswerethebest.Buttwoo’clockpassed,andtherewasnosignofher.Mostoftheothermothershadcomeandgone,droppingofftheircakesandchips.Thepartywenton,butIwouldn’tleavethewindow.Thethreeo’clockbellsoontookmeawayfrommythoughts.Itookmybagandwalkedoutforhome.ThehousewasemptywhenIarrived.Myheartwasfilledwithanger(气愤).Forthefirsttimeinmylife,mymotherhadletmedown.IwaslyingonmybedwhenIheardhercoming.“Robbie,”shecalledout.“Whereareyou?”Shewaslookingformefromroomtoroom,butIkeptsilent.Whensheenteredmyroom,Ididn’tmove,“I’msosorry,”shesaid.“Igotbusyandforgot.”Shebegantolaugh.Icouldn’tbelieveit.Iturnedoverandfoundthatshewasn’tlaughingbutcrying.“I’msosorry.Iletmyboydown.”shecriedlikealittlegirl.Ihadneverseenmymothercry.“It’sOK,Mom,”Isaid,“Wedidn’tneedthosecookies.Therewasplentyoffoodtoeat.Don’tcry.It’sallright.”Weheldeachotherinalonghug(拥抱).26.Thestoryhappened.A.onmybirthdayB.duringChristmasC.beforeChristmasD.beforetheNewYear’sDay27.Ididn’tleavethewindowbecauseIwant.A.toseemymothercomingB.toenjoythepartyC.togetsomecookiesD.togototheparty28.IlaydownonmybedandkeptsilentbecauseIwas.A.tiredB.angryC.hungryD.excited29.Whydidmymothercryandsaythatshewassorry?A.Becauseshewastoobusy.B.Becauseshecouldn’tfindme.C.Becauseshedidn’tsupportme.D.Becausesheneededthosecookies.BEveryyearthousandsofpeoplegethurtordiewhentheyarecrossingtheroad.Mostofthesepeopleareoldpeopleandchildren.Oldpeopleoftengethurtordiebecausetheycan’tseeorhearverywell.Childrenusuallymeetwithaccidentsbecauseoftheircarelessness.Theyforgottolookandlistenbeforetheycrosstheroad.Howcanwelessen(减少)trafficaccidents?Allofusmustobeythetrafficrules.Forthedrivers,theyshouldn’tdrivetoofast.Iftheydrivetoofast,itwillbeverydifficulttostopthecarsinaveryshorttime.Forthepedestrians(行人),it’sveryimportanttobecarefulwhentheyarewalkingontheroad.Therefore,whenwewalkacrosstheroad,wemusttrytowalkalongthepavements.Wemuststopandlookbothwaysbeforecrossingtheroad.Lookleftfirst,nextlookright,thenlookleftagain.Onlywhenwearesurethattheroadisclear,wecancrossit.Therightwaytocrosstheroadistowalkquickly.It’snotsafetorun.Ifpeoplerunacrosstheroad,theymayfalldown.Teensshouldtrytohelpchildren,oldpeopleorblindpeopletocrosstheroad,andneverplayinthestreet.30.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtherightwaytocrosstheroad?A.Stopandlookbothways.B.Runquickly.C.MakesurethattheroadisclearD.Walkquickly.31.Whydomostoldpeopleoftengethurtordiewhentheyarecrossingtheroad?A.Becausetheyarenotcareful.B.Becausetheyforgettolookandlisten.C.Becausetheycan’tseeorhearverywell.D.Becausetheyoftenrunacrosstheroad.32.Thebesttitleforthisarticlemaybe.A.Howtolessentrafficaccidents?B.Howtocrosstheroad?C.Pleaseobeythetrafficrules.D.Meetingwithtrafficaccidents.33.Asastudent,youcantotrytolessentrafficaccidents.A.letdriversdriveslowlyB.playinthestreetcarefullyC.runacrosstheroadquicklyD.helpchildrentocrosstheroadCAtlast,themid-termexamsareover.You’vedonethehardwork,butyoucan’trelax.Youhavetoprepareforthenextexams.Doyouhateexams?Ifyoudo,you’renotalone.Studentsinothercountrieshatethemaswell.Luckilyforthem,BritishstudentshavefewerexamsthanChinesestudents.Andtheyonlyhavethemonceayear.Everysummertheytakeatestineachsubject.Eachtestlastsaboutanhour.Theseexamsdon’tcountformuch.Evenifastudentdoesreallybadlytheystillprogresstothenextyear.Whentheresultscomeouttheyarethenplacedinanend-of-yearreport.Thereportissenttothechild’sparents.Itdescribeshowthestudentstudiedatschool.Thisreportisprivate,soonlytheteacher,thestudentandhisorherparentsseeit.Thismeansthatthestudentsdon’tknowhowotherstudentsscored(得分)inthetest.Somestudentschoosetotelleachother,butotherskeepitsecret.Parents’meetingsareheldtwiceayear,attheendofthewintertermandthenattheendofthesummerterm.Childrengoalongwiththeirparentstomeettheirteachersprivatelyanddiscusstheirperformanceatschool.34.Accordingtothispassage,thestudentsofmanycountriesexams.A.don’tmindB.havetoC.hateD.like35.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEforBritishstudents?A.Theyhaveanexamonceayear.B.Theydon’tknowtheirownscores.C.Parents’meetingsareheldattheendoftheterms.D.Theyareallowedtotelleachothertheirscores.36.ForBritishstudents,theschoollifeisthanthatofChinesestudents.A.morerelaxingB.muchtenserC.moreexcitedD.muchharder37.Theunderlinedphrase“don’tcountformuch”means.A.难以计数B.不太重要C.期望不多D.数量不多DDidyousleepwelllastnight?Maybemanypeoplewillanswer:No.Infact,intheworldaboutonethirdofthepeopledonothavegoodsleep.Ifyousayyoudonothavegoodsleep,itmeans:wakingearlyandnotgettingbacktosleep.Youmaygettired,worriedandanxious.Yourmemoryandabilitytorememberthingswillgetworse.Thenwhatshouldyoudowhenyouhavethetrouble?Donotworryaboutittoomuch.Let’sseeifyoucanhelpyourself.Thetechniques(技巧)areasfollows:First,makesurethatyourbedroomisn’ttoocoldortoohot.Keepitdarkandquiet.Second,checkyourlifestyle:Donotdrinktea,coffee,colaorchocolatefourhoursbeforebed.Drinklesswaterandavoidnight-timetoiletvisits.Setyourbodyclockwellbygettingupandgoingtobedatthesametimeeveryday.Avoiddaytimenaps.Developarelaxingbedtimehabit.Readorlistentomusic,thentakeawarmbath.Ifyoureallycannotsleep,trysomebread,riceormilk.Theywillhelpyoufallasleep.Goforadailywalk.Naturallighthelpsyouregulate(调理)yourbodyclock,soexerciseoutdoorsifyoucan.Forgettheworriesoftheday.Writedownanyworries,thoughtsorquestionsbeforeyougotobed.Withthesewrittendown,youwillhavelesstothinkaboutandyoursleepwillbecomeeasier.38.Whatishelpfulforyournight’ssleep?A.Tea.B.Coffee.C.Muchwater.D.Aglassofmilk.39.Ifyoudonothaveagoodsleep,maybe.A.yourbedroomisneithercoldnorhotB.yourbedroomisdarkandquietC.youhadanapinthedaytimeD.youtookawarmbathbeforebed40.Thispassageismainlyabout.A.whatweshoulddrinkbeforebedB.howtogetagoodsleepC.howtoregulateyourbodyclockD.howtodeveloparelaxingbedtimehabit三、阅读表达阅读短文，根据 要求 对教师党员的评价套管和固井爆破片与爆破装置仓库管理基本要求三甲医院都需要复审吗 完成下面各小题。Longago,peopledidnotneedmoney.Theylivedonwildanimals,fruitsandotherplants.Astimepassed,peoplelearnedtoraiseanimalsandcrops.Sometimes,familiesproducedmorethantheyneeded,sotheystartedtotradewithotherfamilies.43Later,peoplebegantousemoneyasameansofexchange.However,itwasnotthekindofmoneyweusetoday.Theyusedshells,rice,salt,largestones,etc.Duringthe600sB.C,peoplebeganusingcoinsasmoney.Theysoonfoundthatcoinswereeasiertocarrythangoodsandlastedalongtime.Later,countriesbegantomaketheirowncoins.TheChinesewerethefirsttousepapermoney,probablyasearlyasthe11thcentury.TheItaliantravelerMarcoPolosawtheChineseusingmoneywhenhevisitedChinainthe1200s.44However,Europeancountriesdidnotstartusingpapermoneyuntil1600s.Today,wehavemanywaystopayforthings.Wedonotusecoinsorpapermoney.Often,peopleprefertopayforthingsbycard.Payingwithacardiseasierandsaferthancarryingaroundalotof“real”money.（一）根据短文内容简要回答问题。41.Whydidpeoplestarttotrade?42.Whendidpeoplebegintousepapermoney?（二）将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。43.44.（三）请给短文拟一个适当的标题。45.四、完形填空：Mylifeisalwaysfilledwithsadnessandlittlejoy.However,nomatterwhathappens,Icanalwaysfaceitbravely.Lastyear,Icouldn’tbelievethe46thatIwasallowedtoentertheonlykeyhighschoolinmyhometown.ThenIrushedtomyhomeandtoldmyparents.Butmyfatherdidn’tseemas47asIwas.Hejustkeptsmokingwithoutsayingawordandmymotherputherheaddownandcouldn’thelp48.Iknewverywellwhatmyfamilywas49.Mymumhadbeenillinbedfor2years.WelivedahardlifeandIcouldn’tcontinuemyschooling.IfeltsoupsetbutIcouldsay50tomyparents.Idecidedtohelpmyfatherwithhiswork51myfamily.Tomysurprise,thingscompletelychanged52thebeginningofthenewterm.Myheadteachercametomyfamilywithsomemoney,whichhadbeen53bymyschoolmates.Heencouragedme,“Alwayshaveadream.”Withtearsinmyeyes,Isteppedintothekeyhighschool.IhavebeenstudyinghardsinceIenteredthehighschool.WheneverImeetdifficulties,Ialways54myteacherandschoolmates.IhaveacollegedreamandImustworkhardforit,nomatter55hardlifeis.Justasagreatmansays,“Whenonedoorshuts,anotheropensinlife.”46.A.ideaB.storyC.newsD.thought47.A.nervousB.excitedC.interestedD.worried48.A.cryingB.laughingC.sayingD.shouting49.A.aboutB.beforeC.againstD.like50.A.nothingB.somethingC.anythingD.everything51.A.supportB.tosupportC.supportingD.supported52.A.afterB.sinceC.beforeD.on53.A.raisedB.spentC.plannedD.saved54.A.dreamofB.thinkofC.hearofD.talkof55.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.how五、根据中英文提示完成下列各句：56.他说得足够慢，每个人都听懂了。Hespoke_________________everyonecouldunderstandhim.57.布朗太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生们把她当作自己的母亲。Mrs.Brownis_________________________thestudentsregardherastheirmother.58.你最好先完成作业。You______________________________first.59.保护环境和发展经济同等重要。Protectingtheenvironmentis______________________developingeconomy.60.如果你想学好英语，你最好多听，多说。IfyouwanttolearnEnglishwell.You_______________________________________.【试题答案】一、1.B2.A3.B4.C5.C6.D7.C8.A9.A10.C11.D12.A13.B14.B15.B16.D17.B18.B19.C20.B21.B22.A23.B24.A25.D二、A:DABAB:BCBDC:CBABD:DCB三、41.Becausepeopleproducedmorethantheyneed.42.Inthe11thcentury.43.后来，人们开始用钱作为交换物品的方式。44.然而，在欧洲的一些国家直到17世纪才使用纸币。45.Money四、（46~50CBADA51~55BCABD）五、56.soslowlythat57.sokindthat58.hadbetterfinishyourhomework59.asimportantas60.hadbetterdomorelisteninganddomorespeaking