高级英语第二册

高级英语第二册Unit1:FacetoFacewithHurricaneCamillebyJosephP.BlankI.AdditionalBackgroundKnowledge1.       Hurricane;typhoon;cyclone2.       SalvationArmy3.       RedCrossII.IntroductiontothePassage1.       Typeofliterature:Apieceofnarration--character(protagonist/antagonist)--action(incidents,events,etc.)--conflicts(suspense,tension)--climax--denouement2.Mainidea3.Organization：--introduction--development--climax--conclusionIII.EffectiveWritingSkills:1.       makingeffectiveuseofverbs2.       usingmanyellipticalandshort,simplesentencestoachievecertaineffectIV.RhetoricalDevices:1.       transferredepithet2.       personification3.       metaphor4.       simileV.SpecialDifficultiesAvoidingthefollowingkindsofmistakes:1.       run-onsentences2.       sentencefragments3.       danglingmodifiers4.       illogicalorfaultyparallelism5.       unnecessaryshiftsinpointofview6.       paraphrasingsomesentences7.       identifyingfiguresofspeechVI.Questions1.       Whatistheorganizationalpatternofthispieceofnarration2.       Whatdoesthewriterfocuschieflyon---developingcharacter,action(plot),oridea(theme)3.       Whoistheprotagonistinthestory4.       Howdoesthewriterbuildupandsustainthesuspenseinthestory5.       WhydidJohnKoshakfeelacrushingguilt Unit2:MarrakechbyGeorgeOrwellI.AdditionalBackgroundKnowledge1.       GeorgeOrwell2.       Morocco3.       Marrakech4.       TheJewishpeopleII.IntroductiontothePassage1.       Typeofliterature:apieceofexposition2.       Thepurposeofapieceofexposition:--toinformorexplain3.       Waysofdevelopingthethesisofapieceofexposition:--comparision,contrast,analogy,identification,illustration,analysis,definition,etc.4.       ThecentralthoughtorthesisIII.EffectiveWritingSkills:1.       makingeffectiveuseofspecificverbs2.       usingthemethodsofcontrast,illustration,comparision,etc.3.       cleverchoiceofwordsandscenesandtensesIV.RhetoricalDevices:1.       rhetoricalquestions2.       repetition3.       metaphor4.       simile5.       ellipticalsentencesV.SpecialDifficulties1.    Makingsentencesmorecompactbypropersubordination,suchassubordinateclauses,appositives,prepositionalorverbalphrases.2.   Discriminatinggroupsofsynonyms:--wail,cry,weep,sob,whimper,moan--glisten,glitter,flash,shimmer,sparkle3.   Paraphrasingsomesentences4.   IdentifyingfiguresofspeechVI.Questions1.   Orwellshowsthepovertyofthenativesinatleastfiveways.Identifythem.2.   Couldparagraphs4-7justaswellcomeafter8-15asbeforeWhyorwhynot3.   Doesthisessaygivereadersanewinsightintoimperialism4.   CommentonOrwell’slucidstyleandfineattentiontosignificantdescriptivedetails.Unit3:PubTalkandKing’sEnglishbyHenryFairlieI.AdditionalBackgroundKnowledge1.       pub/pub-friends2.       Dumas/ThreeMusketeers3.       Carlyle4.       CharlesLambII.IntroductiontothePassage1.       Typeofliterature:apieceofexposition2.       Thethesis3.       Whatmakesagoodconversation4.       Seeminglylooseorganizationa.  titleb.transitionalparagraphc.digression5.       Highlyinformallanguagea.abundanceofsimpleidiomaticexpressionscheekedbyjowlwithcopiousliteraryandhistoricalallusionsb.amixedmetaphorinparagraph2III.EffectiveWritingSkills:1.       deliberatelywritingthisessayinaconversationalstyletosuitthetheme2.       makingeffectiveuseofspecificverbsIV.RhetoricalDevices:1.         metaphor2.         mixedmetaphor3.       simileV.SpecialDifficulties1.Idiomaticexpressions:--beontherocks--getuponthewrongsideofthebed--beonwings--turnupone’snoseatsth.--intotheshoesof2.Allusions--descendantsofconvicts--Saxonchurls--Normanconquerors--musketeersofDumas3.Theuseoftransitionaldevices--transitionalwordsandexpressions--pronounreference--repetitionofimportantwords4.Paraphrasingsomesentences5.IdentifyingfiguresofspeechVI.Questions1.       What,accordingtotheauthor,makesagoodconversationWhatspoilsit2.       Whatistheauthor’sattitudeofthewritertowards“theKing’sEnglish”3.       Howdoestheuseofwordsshowclassdistinction4.       Whatdoesthewritermeanwhenhesays,“theKing’sEnglish,liketheAnglo-FrenchoftheNormans,isaclassrepresentationofreality”Unit4:InauguralAddressbyJohnF.KennedyI.AdditionalBackgroundKnowledge1.       JohnFKennedy2.       Hisassasination3.       Inauguration4.       Inauguraladdress5.       Coldwarperiod:socialistcampvs.capitalistcampII.IntroductiontothePassage1.       Typeofliterature:politicalspeech2.       Objectofapoliticalspeech:--toexplain--toconvince--topersuade3.       Wellorganizedandhighlyrhetorical4.       Biblicalstyle/language5.       Often-quotedpassagesIII.EffectiveWritingSkills:1.  Employingsuitablerhetoricaldevicesandwordstocreatethedesiredemotionalimpact2.   clearorderandappropriatetonetothedifferentgroupsheisaddressing3.   EmployingBiblicalstyledeliberatelyIV.RhetoricalDevices:1.   metaphor2.   antithesis3. parallelism4. repetitionV.SpecialDifficulties1.Biblicallanguage/quotations/style2.Usingthefollowingmethodsforforce,vividnessandemotionalappeal:--Parallelandbalancedstructure--Repetitionofimportantwords--Antithesis3.Paraphrasingsomesentences4.IdentifyingfiguresofspeechVI.Questions1.    CiteexamplestoshowthatKennedyisveryparticularandcarefulinhischoiceanduseofwords.2.    IstheaddresswellorganizedCommentontheorderinwhichheaddressedallthedifferentgroupsofnationsandpeople.3.    IsKennedy’sargumentandpersuasionbasedmainlyonfactsandlogicoronanappealtoemotionsWouldthistypeofspeechbesuccessfulonalloccasions4.    IsthetoneandmessagesuitedtothedifferentgroupsheaddressesGiveyourreasons.Unit5:LoveIsaFallacybyMaxShulmanI.AdditionalBackgroundKnowledge1.   ThemeaningofLogicalfallacies2.   Logicalfallacies:--DictoSimpliciter--HastyGeneralization--PoisoningtheWell--AdMisericordiamII.IntroductiontothePassage1.     Typeofliterature:apieceofnarrativewriting--protagonist/antagonists--climax--denouement2.     Themaintheme3.     Wellchosentitleandwords4.     Style--averyfastpacewitharacydialoguefullofAmericancolloquialismandslang--employingavarietyofwritingtechniquestomakethestoryvivid,dramaticandcolorfulIII.EffectiveWritingSkills:1.    Employingcolorfullexicalspectrum,fromtheultralearnedtermstotheinfraclippedvulgarforms2.   Toomuchfigurativelanguageandungrammaticalinversionforspecificpurposes3. Theusingofshortsentences,ellipticalsentencesanddashestomaintainthespeedofnarrationIV.RhetoricalDevices:1.metaphor3.  antithesis4.  transferredepithet4. hyperbole5. metonymy6. litotes7.   ellipsis8.   synecdoche9.   inversion10. simile11. mixedmetaphor12. rhetoricalquestionsV.SpecialDifficulties1.  Analyzingthelogicalfallacies2.  Usinginvertedsentencestoachieveemphasis3.Effectivelyusingmanyfiguresofspeech4.Understandingcolloquialexpressionsandslang5.Allusions:--Frankenstein--Pygmalion6.Paraphrasingsomesentences7.IdentifyingfiguresofspeechVI.Questions1. Defineandgiveanexampleofeachofthelogicalfallaciesdiscussedinthisessay.2. Canyoufindanyevidencetosupporttheviewthatthewriterissatirizingabrightbutself-satisfiedyoungman3. CommentonthelanguageusedbyPolly.Whateffectdoesherlanguagecreate4. WhydoesthewriterrefertoPygmalionandFrankensteinAretheseallusionsaptlychosen5. Inwhatsenseistheconclusionironic Unit6:DisappearingThroughtheSkylightByOsborneBennetHardisonJr.I.AdditionalBackgroundKnowledge1.    AbriefintroductiontoO.B.HardisonJr.2.    AbriefintroductiontohisviewsinCultureandTechnologyintheTwentiethCentury3. Internationalstyle4. FeaturesofscientificEnglishII.IntroductiontothePassage1. Thecentralthemeof“disappearance”--naturedisappears--historydisappears--solidbanksdisappears2.Thefourimportantideasputforward--disappearance--theuniversalizingtendencyofscienceandtechnology--manasacosmopolitan--theplayfulnessofscience3.ClearlyandlogicallyorganizedIII.TheStylisticFeatures1.  FeaturesofscientificEnglish--technicaltermssuchasthermodynamics,genetics,geneticmutation,etc.--shortsentencesandpresenttenseusedtoexpressauniversalstatement2.UsingfigurativelanguagefreelytomakeideasmorevividandforcefulIV.RhetoricalDevices:1.metaphor2.  analogies3.  repetition4.       balancedstructures5.       ellipsis6.       rhetoricalquestionsV.SpecialDifficulties1.    Sometechnicalterms2.    Understandingthemetaphoricalphrase“DisappearingThroughtheSkylight”3.    Theuseoftopicsentences4.    Theuseofpresenttenseanduniversalstatements5.    Paraphrasingsomesentences6.    IdentifyingfiguresofspeechVI.Questions1. Howdoesthewritersubstantiatehisstatementthatscienceiscommittedtotheuniversal2.   Whydobanksappeartobedisappearingthroughtheirownskylight3.   Sumupthemainviewsofthewriterandcommentonhowtheyareorganizedandpresented.4.   WhatstylisticfeaturesofscientificEnglisharetobefoundinthispieceCiteexamples.5.   Commentontheuseofsomefigurativelanguage.Citeexamples.Unit10:TheSadYoungMenbyRodW.Horton&HerbertW.EdwardsI.AdditionalBackgroundKnowledge1.   Someterms:--TheSadYoungMen--TheLostGeneration--TheBeatGeneration--TheAngryYoungMen--GreenwichVillage2. Someliteraryfigures:--GertrudeStein--E.Hemingway--F.ScottFitzgeraldII.IntroductiontothePassage1.  Typeofliterature:apieceofexpositivewriting2.  Thethesisstatedinthelastparagraphoftheessay3.  Thestructuralorganizationofthisessay:clearandsimple--para.1:introducingthesubject--paras.2-9:supportinganddevelopingthethesis--paras.10-11:bringingthediscussiontoanendIII.EffectiveWritingSkills:1. Effectiveuseoftopicsentences2. Developinganewbutrelatedaspectofthethoughtstatedinthethesisineachparagraphorparagraphunit.IV.RhetoricalDevices:1. metaphor2. personification3. metonymy4. transferredepithetV.SpecialDifficulties1.  IdentifyingandunderstandingAmericanismsinthisessay--speakeasy--sheik--drugstorecowboy--Babbitry--flapper--soapopera2.  Understandingsometerms--Puritanmorality--provincialmorality/artificialwalls--Victorian--Prohibition--thestalemateof1915–1916--GreenwichVillage--TheSadYoungMen/TheLostGeneration--keepupwiththeJoneses3. Prefixes“-un”and“-in”(-im,-il,-ir)bearinganegativemeaning4.Paraphrasingsomesentences5.  IdentifyingfiguresofspeechVI.Questions1.  HowdidWorldWarIaffecttheyoungergeneration2.  WhydidyoungintellectualsofthisperiodemigratetoEurope3.  Whywerethesewriterscalledthe“lostgeneration”Weretheyreallylost4.  HowdoesthewriterdevelophiscentralthoughtDoeshesupporthisopinionswithconvincingfactsanddetails5.  DoyouagreewiththeconclusionofthewriterGiveyourreasons.CTRL+A全选可调整字体属性及字体大小-CAL-FENGHAI.NetworkInformationTechnologyCompany.2020YEAR