英语期末考试复习

1.听力A:3篇7分B:2篇8分C:3篇10分2.阅读理解（2分一空，共15 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 三个阅读）EngineeringDesigninEarthquake　　Engineeringdesignaimstolinkeconomic,social,environmentalandofcoursesafetyfactorstoproducethebestsolution.Thisisespeciallytrueinearthquakeengineeringwhereitispossibletodesignabuildingthatis“safe”foralltypesofearthquakesbutdoesnotfitthedesignbrief.ForexampleitisnoteconomicallyfeasibletodesignbuildingsinBristoltowithstandalargeearthquakeasthechancesareverysmall.Similarlyasquareconcretestructurethathassmallwindowsandthickwallsmaybetheidealdesignforaparticularareahoweveritwouldn'tfitadesignbriefaskingforamodernhigh-techdesign.Thisbalanceoffactorscanonlybeachievedbyengineerscombiningexperienceandknowledgeoftheareawherethestructureistobelocated.Designpracticehasbeenchangingoverthelastfewyears.Theolderdesignrequirementsusedtoinsistthatinanearthquakethebuildingshouldmaintainenoughstructuralintegritytoremainstanding.Thismeantthatiftheserviceabilitylimitstatewaspassedthestructurewouldhavetobedemolished,asitwouldbenolongersafetouse.Althoughthisconceptsaveslivesaspeoplecanescapefrombuildingsitdoesnothingtopreventthehugefinancialcostofalargeearthquakeasalargeproportionofbuildingshavetobedemolishedandrebuilt.Thusthenewdesignrequirementsdemandthatthestructureshouldremainstandinginanearthquakeandadditionallynothavetobedemolished.Theotherfactoroftenleftunconsideredistheeffectofaftershocks.Theseshocksgenerallyhavelittleeffectonundamagedbuildings.However,ondamagedonestheycanhaveadestructiveeffectandstoprescueoperations.Intheassessmentofbuildingstheenergyfromanaftershockshouldbeconsidered.Apparentlythedamagecausedbyearthquakesisalmostentirelyassociatedwithmanmadestructures.Earthquakesonlycausedeathbythedamagetheyinduceinstructuressuchasbuildings,dams,bridgesandotherworksofman.Andthisisoneofthereasonswhyearthquakeengineeringissoimportant　1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage　　A.Earthquakeengineerswithexperienceandknowledge.　　B.Buildingstowithstandallpossibleearthquakes.　　C.Somefactorsforbuildingdesigninearthquakeengineering.　　D.Equalconsiderationsinearthquakeengineering　　正确 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 :C　　解析:问题问的是：本文的主题是什么第一段第二句话提到文章的主题，即工程设计要把经济.社会.环境和安全因素都考虑在内，这在地震工程中尤其重要　2.Theword"demolished"(underlinedinParagraph2)means　　A.pulledapart.　　B.pulledup.　　C.pulledaway.　　D.pulleddown　　正确答案:D　　解析:问题问的是：第二段划线单词"demolished"是什么意思划线单词所在句子的意思是如果建筑的设计超出了地震的耐用限度，这个建筑就必须被拆毁，因为这样的建筑使用起来非常不安全。pulleddown的意思是毁坏，拆毁　　3.Withregardtothenewdesignrequirements,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue　　A.Buildingsshouldremainintegratedinanearthquake.　　B.Buildingsshouldbemadetoavoidrebuildingafteranearthquake.　　C.Buildingsshouldbemadetoallowpeopletoescapeinanearthquake.　　D.Buildingsshouldbereconstructedafteranearthquake　　正确答案:D　　解析:问题问的是：有关建筑设计要求下面选项哪个不正确选项D的意思是地震之后建筑应该重新建。第二段最后一句话说依据新的建筑设计要求，建筑应该能够抗震，除此以外，地震之后建筑不必拆毁　　4.Whenassessingbuildings,weshouldconsiderthe　　A.potentialthreatstotheundamagedbuildings.　　B.structuralintegrityoftheman-madestructures.　　C.effectofaftershocks.　　D.rescueoperations　　正确答案:C　　解析:问题问的是：当对建筑进行评估时，我们应该考虑什么第三段第一句话可以找到答案，即余震的后果　　5.Mostly,whichofthefollowingdamagescannotcausedeaths　　A.Damsandbridges.　　B.Buildingsanddams.　　C.Bridgesandbuildings.　　D.Riversandforests　　正确答案:D解析:问题问的是：大多数情况下，下面四个选项哪个选项其危害不会造成死亡最后一段第二句话中，只有选项D没有提到。3.Cloze（共10题，每空1.5分）?BankedCloze1TheInternethasmadeEnglishlearningmucheasier.Englishlearnersusedtobe(1)(obliged)tospendtheirtimeinlibrarieslookingforthebooksthatwouldhelpthemintheirlanguagestudies.Itwasveryinconvenientbecausealotofmaterialscouldonlybefoundin(2)(tedious)anduninterestingtextbooksandreaders.Buttodayauthenticcontentonavarietyofsubjectsisonlyaclickaway.Thisisespecially(3)(beneficial)forthosewhowantstolearnEnglishearnestly.InordertoachievefluencyinEnglish,youneedtobecomfortableusingatleast10,000words.The(4)(abundant)materialsontheInternetmakeitpossibleforyoutochooseappropriatecontenttoreadandlistento.Thesematerialscanbe(5)(adjusted)toyourlevelifyouinputsomekeywordsinthesearchengine.Buthowcanyourememberthe(6)(bulk)ofunfamiliarwords?Inthiscase,theInternet(7)(evidently)makesiteasiertolearnvocabulary.Youcanuseonlinedictionariestoinstantlyfindouttheirgrammatical(8)(functions)andthespecificmeaningofthesewords.TheInternethelpsyouto(9)(efficiently)accumulatevocabularybasedonlivelyandinterestinglanguagecontent,whichgreatlyreducesyour(10)(distress)causedbyinabilitytorememberthenewwords.TheefficiencyofthisvocabularylearningisoneofthereasonswhytheInternethasbecomeanidealplacetolearnEnglish.BankedCloze2It's?obvious?that?women?have?come?a?long?way?as?successful?professionals.?Women?in?the?workplace?are?(1)?(flourishing)?as?an?increased?number?of?women?have?made?their?presence?felt?in?many?industries?and?professions.?The?sector?of?the?female?workforce?has?(2)?(expanded)?with?more?and?more?strength?and?thus?has?its?(3)?(genuine)?importance?in?the?professional?world.????Whether?they?like?it?or?not,?men?have?to?accept?that?women?are?marching?up?the?management?ladder?confidently?and?(4)?(diplomatically).?Women?used?to?be?much?more?"quiet?and?passive"?due?to?the?relatively?small?number?of?female?employees?in?(5)?(comparison)?to?males.?Women?today,?on?the?other?hand,?have?begun?seeking?their?(6)?(administrative)?positions?by?using?all?their?powers?of?intelligence.????Men?are?hierarchical?and?(7)?(jealous)?of?the?"beauty?power"?that?allows?women?to?get?certain?things?based?on?their?physical?assets.?Even?though?there?is?a(n)?(8)?(dispute)?whether?many?professional?females?got?into?positions?of?power?by?using?their?appearance?to?their?advantage,?the?(9)?(valid)?fact?is?the?majority?of?women?have?worked?hard?to?achieve?their?desired?success.????Women?were?considered?as?(10)?(bystanders)?in?the?workplace?for?many?years?and?it?was?believed?that?the?only?jobs?that?they?could?handle?were?those?of?teachers?or?secretaries,?but?today's?women?can?not?only?hold?their?own?positions?in?the?workplace,?but?they?also?have?the?dual?task?of?raising?their?families.4.翻译（15分，共一题）eg1:云南省的丽江古镇是中国着名的目的地之一。那里的生活节奏比大多数中国的城市都要缓慢。丽江到处都是美丽的自然风光，众多的少数民族同胞提供了各式各样，丰富多彩的文化让游客体验。历史上，丽江还以“爱之城”而闻名。当地人中流传着许多关于人生，为爱而死的故事。如今，在中外游客眼中，这个古镇被视为爱情和浪漫的天堂。（paradise）Lijiang,anancienttowninYunanprovince,isoneofthefamoustouristdestinationsinChina.ThepaceoflifethereisslowerthaninmostcitiesofChina.ThereisnaturalsceneryeverywhereinLijiang.Anumberofminoritycompatriotsprovidevariousandcolorfulculturesfortouriststoexperience.Lijianghasalsobeenknownasthe?“CityofLove”throughouthistory.Plentyoflegendsaboutpeoplebornforloveanddieforlovecirculateamongthelocalpeople.Nowadays,thisancienttownisregardedastheparadiseofloveandromanceintheeyesofbothChineseandforeignvisitors.eg2:北京是中国的政治、文化和教育中心。当人们想去一个历史悠久、发展迅速的中国城市时，北京总是首选。这里是世界上接待游客最多的地方之一，有上百个景点，比如故宫、天坛、颐和园和长城等，其中很多都被列入了世界文化遗产(WorldHeritageSite)。让北京引以为傲的是那些历史古迹、各大名校、四合院(courtyardhouses)和胡同、主题博物馆及公园。Beijingisrecognizedasthepolitical,culturalandeducationalcenterofChina.Itisalwaysthefirstchoiceoftravelerswhoarewillingtoknowatime-honoredanddevelopedcityofChina.Itisoneofthemostvisitedcitiesintheworld.TherearehundredsofattractionsliketheForbiddenCity,theTempleofHeaven,theSummerPalace,andtheGreatWall,etc.,mostofwhichareontheWorldHeritageSitelist.Beijingboastsofmanyhistoricalsites,universities,courtyardhousesandhutong,thememuseums,parksandgardens.5.作文（15分）Directions:Forthispart,youaretowriteashortessayabout1.yourideasaboutcampusactivities.Youshouldstatethereasonsandwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.2.Acampusactivitiesthathasbenefitedyoumostyourideasaboutcampusactivities.theMostBeneficialActivityinMyCampus（文都版）Itiswellknownthatuniversityisgreatlydifferentfromhighschoolmainlyduetothatuniversitywillholdalargenumberofactivities,whichbenefitscollegestudentsalot.Frommyperspective,themostbeneficialoneis“Long-distanceRunningforLove”organizedbytheStudentsUnionwhenIamafreshman.ThemoneycollectedbythisactivityiscontributedtoProjectHope.itisreallymyhonortoparticipatethelongrunning,becauseitbenefitsmegreatlynotonlyinbodybutalsoinmind.Tobeginwith,theactivityremindsmeofthegreatimportanceofphysicalhealth.BeforeIgotocollege,Ionlyfocusonacademicachievementswhilethephysicalhealthmissesmyattention.But,thelong-runningtellsmeintimethatasoundmindliesinasoundbody.Additionally,duringmyparticipationinthisactivity,Iaminformedwellthattherearestillmanychildreninruralareaswhohavetodropoutofschoolbecauseofimpoverishedfamilies.Thus,foronething,Ifullyrealizethegreatimportanceofhelpingthemfulfilltheirdreams.Foranotherthing,Icherishtheopportunitytostudyinuniversitymore,forwhencomparedwiththosechildreninpoverty-strickenareas,weshouldharboragratefulheart.Byandlarge,althoughIhavetakenpartinmanycampusactivities,Ideemthelongrunningforlovemostbeneficialtome.AndIamlookingforwardtothatmorewonderfulandmeaningfulactivitieswillbeheldinourcampus.范文译文：众所周知，大学与高中截然不同，主要原因是大学里会举办很多校园活动，而这些大学活动使大学生受益匪浅。我认为最有益的校园活动是大一时，由学生会举办的“爱心长跑”。这次长跑筹集的善款用于捐助希望工程。我很荣幸参加了这次长跑，因为这次活动使我的身心都获得了很大裨益。首先，这次活动提醒我身体健康的重要性。在我上大学前，我只关心自己的学习成绩，而忽视了健康。但是，这次长跑及时提醒我——健康的身体孕育健康的灵魂。此外，通过参加此次长跑，我深刻了解到还有许多偏远山区的小孩因为家庭贫困被迫辍学。因此，一方面我充分意识到帮助这些小孩实现梦想是何其重要；另一方面，我更珍惜自己能上大学的机会。因为，和那些贫困地区的小孩相比，我们应该怀有一颗感恩的心。总体而言，虽然我参加过许多校园活动，但是我认为这次爱心长跑最为有益。我也期待有更多精彩而有意义的校园活动举行。