D4910

Designation: D 4910 – 07 Standard Tables of Body Measurements for Infants, Sizes 0 to 241 This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4910; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. INTRODUCTION These tables were developed from data published by the U.S. Department of Commerce. These data were based on original research conducted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture2 in the 1930’s. This standard takes into consideration children’s growth patterns reflected in the 1980 charts for the National Center for Health Statistics3 and the 1977 Anthropometric Study of U.S. Infants and Children conducted by the University of Michigan.4 All sudden shifts of proportion have been eliminated so as to reflect the gradual growth and development of the infant. To verify the proposed body measurements, a limited sampling of children was measured and fitted with garments made as directed in these tables. 1. Scope 1.1 These tables cover body measurements of infants from size 0 to 24. Although these measurements are body measure- ments, they can be used as a baseline in designing apparel for infants in this size range when taking into account such factors as fabric type, ease for body movement, styling, and fit. 1.2 Infants 0–24 designate sizes and do not refer to age. 1.3 The values stated in either acceptable SI units or inch-pound units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: 5 D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles D 5219 Terminology Relating to Body Dimensions for Apparel Sizing 2.2 ISO Standard: ISO 3635 Size Designation of Clothes, Definitions, and Body Measurement Procedures6 3. Terminology 3.1 Definitions: 3.1.1 For definitions relating to body dimensions, refer to Terminology D 5219. 3.1.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in this standard, refer to Terminology D 123. 4. Significance and Use 4.1 The use of the body measurement information in Tables 1 and 2 will assist manufacturers in developing patterns and garments that are consistent with the current anthropometric characteristics of the population of interest. This practice should in turn reduce or minimize consumer confusion and 1 These tables are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.55 on Body Measurement for Apparel Sizing. Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 4910 – 02. 2 O’Brien, Ruth, et al., Body Measurement to American Boys and Girls for Garment and Pattern Construction, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Miscellaneous Publication No. 366, July 1941. 3 Available from National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Hyattsville, MD 20782. 4 Snyder, Lawrence, Anthropometry of Infants, Children, and Youth to Age 18, University of Michigan, May 1977. 5 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website. 6 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. 1 Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States. dissatisfaction related to apparel sizing. (Also refer to ISO 3635 Size Designation Procedures.) 5. Apparatus 5.1 Tape Measure, dimensionally stable and approximately 1.5-cm (1⁄2-in.) wide and accurately graduated in cm (1⁄16-in.) increments. 5.2 Plastic Goniometer, to measure the radian of shoulder slope. 5.3 Scale, standard, calibrated body weight type for infants. 5.4 Metal Ruler. 6. Procedure 6.1 General: 6.1.1 For all vertical measurements and most horizontal measurements, subject is to be lying down with legs extended and foot positioned at 1.57 rad (90°) to the leg.. 6.1.2 Take measurements over regular undergarments nor- mally worn.. 6.1.3 Take all measurements from the same side of the body for consistency. 6.1.4 Refer to Terminology D 5219 for the location of all points to be measured. 6.2 Body Measurements: 6.2.1 Height—the straight distance from the top of the head to the soles of the feet, taken while subject is lying down flat with legs extended and foot positioned at 1.57 rad (90°) to the leg. 6.2.2 Body Weight—Weigh as measured on a calibrated scale taken with the subject in undergarments. 6.2.3 Chest/Bust Girth—Measure the horizontal circumfer- ence around the body, taken under the arms and across the fullest part of the chest/bust apex including the lower portion of the shoulder blades. 6.2.4 Waist Girth—Measure the minimum horizontal cir- cumference around the body at waist height. 6.2.5 Hip Girth—Measure horizontally the maximum cir- cumference around the body at hip height. TABLE 1 Infant Sizes Preemie-24 Months Body Measurements, SI Units Size Preemie Newborn 3M 6M 9M 12M 18M 24M Stature, cm Up to 45.72 46.99 to 55.88 57.15 to 60.96 62.23 to 68.58 69.85 to 73.66 74.93 to 77.47 78.74 to 83.82 85.09 to 90.17 Stature for height calculations 45.72 55.88 60.96 68.58 73.66 77.47 83.82 88.90 Body Weight, kg up to 2.49 2.72 to 4.31 4.54 to 6.58 6.80 to 8.16 8.39 to 9.98 10.21 to 11.34 1157 to 12.70 12.93 to 13.61 Girth Measurements cm Chest/Bust 36.83 40.64 43.18 45.72 46.99 48.26 50.17 52.07 Waist 38.10 41.91 44.45 46.99 48.26 49.53 51.44 53.34 Hip/Seat 38.10 41.91 44.45 46.99 48.26 49.53 51.44 53.34 Head (Circumference) 37.47 38.74 42.23 44.77 46.04 47.31 48.58 49.53 Neck Base 20.32 20.64 20.96 22.23 22.86 23.50 24.45 25.40 Armscye (Circumference) 14.29 14.61 15.24 16.83 17.46 18.42 20.00 21.59 Upper-Arm 12.38 12.70 13.02 13.65 13.97 14.29 14.92 15.56 Elbow 13.97 14.29 14.61 15.24 15.56 15.88 16.50 17.15 Wrist 9.53 9.84 10.16 10.48 10.64 10.80 11.11 11.43 Thigh 22.23 22.86 23.50 25.09 25.72 26.67 28.26 29.85 Knee 10.80 11.11 11.43 16.51 17.78 18.73 20.32 21.27 Calf 10.80 11.11 11.43 16.51 17.78 18.73 20.32 21.27 Ankle 10.80 11.11 11.43 16.51 17.78 18.73 20.32 21.27 Total Vertical Trunk Length 59.69 61.60 63.50 68.58 71.12 73.66 78.74 83.82 Total Crotch Length 26.35 27.31 28.26 31.12 32.39 33.97 36.83 39.69 Vertical Measurements cm Cervicale Height 31.75 41.59 46.36 53.34 58.10 61.60 67.31 71.76 Head and Neck Length 13.97 14.29 14.61 15.24 15.56 15.88 16.51 17.15 Center Back Waist Length 13.65 14.61 15.24 16.51 18.42 19.05 20.32 20.96 Center Front Waist Length 13.65 13.97 14.61 16.51 17.78 18.74 20.32 20.96 Scye Depth 8.59 8.59 8.889 9.53 9.84 10.16 10.80 11.43 Waist Height 18.10 26.99 31.12 36.83 39.68 42.55 46.99 50.80 Hip Height q13.02 21.27 24.77 29.85 32.07 34.93 38.74 42.55 Crotch Height (inseam) 12.70 20.32 23.50 26.67 29.21 30.48 33.02 36.83 True Rise Height 5.40 6.67 7.62 10.16 10.48 12.07 13.97 13.97 Knee Height 8.89 13.34 13.97 15.88 17.78 19.05 20.32 22.86 Ankle Height 3.18 3.18 3,493 3,810 4.128 4.128 4.445 4.763 Cervicle to Knee 22.86 28.26 32.29 37.47 40.32 42.55 46.99 48.90 Waist to Knee 9.21 13.65 17.15 20.96 21.91 23.50 26.67 27.94 Waist to Hip 5.08 5.72 6.350 6.99 7.620 7.620 8.255 8.255 Width and Length Measurements, cm Shoulder Length 6.35 6.35 6.67 6.99 7.144 7.30 7.62 7.94 Across Back Shoulder 15.24 17.15 18.42 19.69 20.32 20.96 22.23 23.82 Front chest width 13.97 15.88 17.15 18.42 19.05 19.69 20.64 21.28 Arm Length 13.34 15.88 18.42 20.32 22.23 23.50 26.04 29.21 Cervicale to Wrist Length 21.91 24.45 26.99 30.48 32.07 33.97 37.47 40.96 Shoulder and Arm Length 19.72 22.26 25.12 27.35 29.26 30.85 33.71 37.21 Hand Length 6.03 6.35 7.30 7.94 8.89 8.89 9.21 9.21 Hand Width 3.18 3.49 3.81 4.13 4.45 4.45 4.45 4.77 Foot Length 8.57 8.89 9.53 10.80 11.43 12.07 13.34 14.61 Foot Width 3.81 4.13 4.45 4.76 5.08 5.40 5.72 6.03 D 4910 – 07 2 6.2.6 Head Girth—Measure the maximum horizontal cir- cumference of the head above the ears. 6.2.7 Neck Base Girth—Measure the circumference of the neck, taken over the cervicale at the back and the top of the collarbone at the front. 6.2.8 Armscye Girth—Measure the circumference from the shoulder joint through the front break-point, the armpit, the back-break point, and to the starting point, taken with the arms down. 6.2.9 Upper-Arm Girth—Measure the maximum circumfer- ence of the arm, taken midway between the elbow and shoulder joints with the arm bent 1.57 rad (90°). 6.2.10 Elbow Girth—Measure the maximum circumference of the elbow, taken over the prominence of the elbow bone with the arm bent 1.57 rad (90°). 6.2.11 Wrist Girth—Measure the maximum circumference of the wrist, taken over the inner and outer prominence of the wrist bones. 6.2.12 Thigh Girth—Measure the maximum circumference of the upper leg, taken close to the crotch. 6.2.13 Knee Girth—Measure the maximum horizontal cir- cumference of th eknee, taken over the kneecap with the leg straight. 6.2.14 Calf Girth—Measure the maximum horizontal cir- cumference of th elower leg, taken between the knee and the ankle. 6.2.15 Ankle Girth—Measure the maximum circumference of the ankle, taken over the greatest prominence of the ankle bones. 6.2.16 Trunk Length (Total)—Measure the circumference taken from a point on the right shoulder midway between the neck base and shoulder joint, down the back, through the crotch, and up over the prominence of the right chest/bust apex to the starting point, avoiding constriction at the crotch. 6.2.17 Crotch Length (Total Vertical)—Measure the dis- tance from waist level at the center front, through the crotch and to the waist level at the center back, avoiding constriction at the crotch. 6.2.18 Cervicale Height (Special Infant Case)—Measure the straight distance from the cervicale to the soles of the feet TABLE 2 Infant Sizes Preemie-24 Months Body Measurements, Inch-Pound Units Size Preemie Newborn 3M 6M 9M 12M 18M 24M Stature, cm up to 18 18 1⁄2 to 22 22 1⁄2 to 24 24 1⁄2 to 27 27 1⁄2 to 29 29 1⁄2 to 30 1⁄2 31 to 33 33 1⁄2 to 35 1⁄2 Stature for height calculations 18 22 24 27 29 30 1⁄2 33 25 Body Weight, kg up to 51⁄2 6 to 9 1⁄2 10 to 14 1⁄2 15 to 18 18 1⁄2 to 22 22 1⁄2 to 25 25 1⁄2 to 28 28 1⁄2 to 30 Girth Measurements in. Chest/Bust 141⁄2 16 17 18 18 1⁄2 19 193⁄4 201⁄2 Waist 15 161⁄2 171⁄2 181⁄2 19 191⁄2 201⁄4 21 Hip/Seat 15 161⁄2 171⁄2 181⁄2 19 191⁄2 201⁄4 21 Head (Circumference) 143⁄4 151⁄4 165⁄8 175⁄8 18 1⁄8 185⁄8 191⁄8 191⁄2 Neck Base 8 81⁄8 81⁄4 83⁄4 9 91⁄4 95⁄8 10 Armscye (Circumference) 55⁄8 53⁄4 6 65⁄8 6 7⁄8 71⁄4 77⁄8 81⁄2 Upper-Arm 47⁄8 5 51⁄8 53⁄8 5 1⁄2 55⁄8 57⁄8 61⁄8 Elbow 51⁄2 55⁄8 53⁄4 6 6 1⁄8 61⁄4 61⁄2 63⁄4 Wrist 33⁄4 37⁄8 4 41⁄8 43⁄16 41⁄4 43⁄8 41⁄2 Thigh 83⁄4 9 91⁄4 97⁄8 10 1⁄8 101⁄2 111⁄8 113⁄4 Knee 41⁄4 43⁄8 41⁄2 61⁄2 7 73⁄8 8 83⁄8 Calf 41⁄4 43⁄8 41⁄2 61⁄2 7 73⁄8 8 83⁄8 Ankle 41⁄4 43⁄8 41⁄2 43⁄4 4 7⁄8 5 51⁄4 51⁄2 Total Vertical Trunk Length 231⁄2 141⁄4 25 27 28 29 31 33 Total Crotch Length 103⁄8 103⁄4 111⁄8 121⁄4 12 3⁄4 133⁄8 141⁄2 155⁄8 Vertical Measurements in. Cervicale Height 121⁄2 163⁄8 181⁄4 21 22 7⁄8 241⁄4 261⁄2 281⁄4 Head and Neck Length 51⁄2 55⁄8 53⁄4 6 6 1⁄8 61⁄4 61⁄2 63⁄4 Center Back Waist Length 53⁄8 53⁄4 6 61⁄2 7 1⁄4 71⁄2 8 81⁄4 Center Front Waist Length 53⁄8 51⁄2 53⁄4 61⁄2 7 73⁄8 8 81⁄4 Scye Depth 33⁄8 33⁄8 31⁄2 33⁄4 3 7⁄8 4 41⁄4 41⁄2 Waist Height 71⁄8 105⁄8 121⁄4 141⁄2 15 5⁄8 163⁄4 181⁄2 20 Hip Height 51⁄8 83⁄8 93⁄4 113⁄4 12 5⁄8 133⁄4 151⁄4 163⁄4 Crotch Height (inseam) 5 8 91⁄4 101⁄2 11 1⁄2 12 13 141⁄2 True Rise Height 21⁄8 25⁄8 3 4 4 1⁄8 43⁄4 51⁄2 51⁄2 Knee Height 31⁄2 51⁄4 51⁄2 61⁄4 7 71⁄2 8 9 Ankle Height 11⁄4 11⁄4 13⁄8 11⁄2 1 5⁄8 15⁄8 13⁄4 17⁄8 Cervicle to Knee 9 111⁄8 123⁄4 143⁄4 15 7⁄8 163⁄4 181⁄2 191⁄4 Waist to Knee 35⁄8 53⁄8 63⁄4 81⁄4 8 5⁄8 91⁄4 101⁄2 11 Waist to Hip 2 21⁄4 21⁄2 23⁄4 3 3 31⁄4 31⁄4 Width and Length Measurements, in. Shoulder Length 21⁄2 21⁄2 25⁄8 23⁄4 23⁄16 27⁄8 3 31⁄8 Across Back Shoulder 6 63⁄4 71⁄4 73⁄4 8 81⁄4 83⁄4 93⁄8 Front chest width 51⁄2 61⁄4 63⁄4 71⁄4 7 1⁄2 73⁄4 81⁄8 83⁄8 Arm Length 51⁄4 61⁄4 71⁄4 8 8 3⁄4 91⁄4 101⁄4 111⁄2 Cervicale to Wrist Length 73⁄4 83⁄4 97⁄8 103⁄4 11 1⁄2 121⁄8 131⁄4 145⁄8 Shoulder and Arm Length 73⁄4 95⁄8 105⁄8 12 12 5⁄8 133⁄8 143⁄4 161⁄8 Hand Length 23⁄8 21⁄2 27⁄8 31⁄8 3 1⁄2 31⁄2 35⁄8 35⁄8 Hand Width 11⁄4 13⁄8 11⁄2 15⁄8 1 3⁄4 13⁄4 13⁄4 17⁄8 Foot Length 33⁄8 31⁄2 33⁄4 41⁄4 4 1⁄2 43⁄4 51⁄4 53⁄4 Foot Width 11⁄2 15⁄8 13⁄4 17⁄8 2 21⁄8 21⁄4 23⁄8 D 4910 – 07 3 while subject is lying down flat with legs extended and foot positioned at 1.57 rad (90°). 6.2.19 Head and Neck Length (Infant Special Case)— Measure the distance from the crown of the head to the cervicale (contour), taken with the head erect and the neck unbent, with subject is lying down flat with legs extended. 6.2.20 Center Back Waist Length—Measure from the cervi- cale to the center back waist level, taken along the spine (contour). 6.2.21 Center Front Waist Length—Measure from the cen- ter front neck base line to the center front waist level (contour). 6.2.22 Scye Depth—Measure the vertical distance from the cervicale to the back-break point level, taken with the arms down. 6.2.23 Waist Height (Infant Special Case)—Measure the straight distance from the waist level to the soles of the feet along the side of the body, taken with subject lying down flat with legs extended and foot positioned at 1.57 rad (90°) to the leg. 6.2.24 Hip Height (Infant Special Case)—Measure the straight distance from the hip level to the soles of the feet along the side of the body, taken with subject lying down flat with legs extended and foot positioned at 1.57 rad (90°) to the leg. 6.2.25 Crotch Height (Infant Special Case)—Measure the straight distance from the midpoint of the crotch to the soles of the feet, taken with subject lying down flat with legs extended and foot positioned at 1.57 rad (90°) to the leg. 6.2.26 True Rise—The vertical distance from the wasit level at the side of the torso to the flat surface, taken with subject sitting on hard, flat surface. 6.2.27 Knee Height—Measure the straight distance from the midpoint (or crease) of the knee to the soles of the feet while subject is lying down flat with legs extended and foot posi- tioned at 1.57 rad (90°) to the leg. 6.2.28 Ankle Height (Infant Special Case)—Measure the straight distance from the prominence of the outer ankle bone to the soles of the feet, taken with subject lying down flat with legs extended and foot positioned at 1.57 rad (90°) to the leg. 6.2.29 Cervicale to Knee Height (Infant Special Case)— Measure the straight distance from the cervicale to a point level with the midpoint of the back of the knee (or crease), taken with subject lying down flat with legs extended. 6.2.30 Waist to Knee (Infant Special Case)—Measure the straight distance from the waist level to a point level with the midpoint of the back of the knee (or crease), taken along the side of the body with subject lying down flat with legs extended. 6.2.31 Waist to Hip Length (Infant Special Case)—Measure the straight distance from the waist level to the hip girth level, taken along the side of the body with subject lying down flat with legs extended. 6.2.32 Shoulder Length—Measure the distance from the side of the neck base to the top of the shoulder joint, taken with the arm down. 6.2.33 Across Back Shoulder—Measure the horizontal dis- tance across the back from the top of one shoulder joint to the top of the other shoulder joint, taken with the arms down. 6.2.34 Front Chest Width—Measure the horizontal distance across the chest from teh front break-point, taken with the arms down. 6.2.35 Arm Length—Measure the distance from the top of the shoulder joint along the outside of the arm over the elbow to the prominent wrist bone, taken with the arm bent at 1.57 rad (90°) and the and placed on the hip. 6.2.36 Cervicale to Wrist—Measure the distance from the cervicale over top of the shoulder joint, along the outside of the arm, over the elbow to the prominent wrist bone, taken with the arm bent at 1.57 rad (90°) and the and placed on the hip. 6.2.37 Shoulder and Arm Length—Measure the distance from the side of the neck base across the shoulder joint and along the outside of the arm over the elbow to the prominent wrist bone, taken with the arm bent 1.57 rad (90°) and the hand placed on the hip. 6.2.38 Hand Length—Measure the straight distance from the prominence of the longest finger to the inner wrist bone, taken across the palm of the hand with the fingers together and palm flat (use a stable, flat ruler). 6.2.39 Hand Width—Measure the maximum width across the palm of the hand excluding the thumb, taken with fingers together and palm flat (use a stable, flat ruler). 6.2.40 Foot Length—Measure the straight distance from the prominence of the back of the heel to the prominence of the longest toe with foot on a flat surface without shoes (use stable flat ruler). 6.2.41 Foot Width—Measure the straight distance from one side of the foot to the other side at the widest part, taken with the subject standing on a flat surface and without shoes (use stable flat ruler). 7. Keywords 7.1 apparel; body measurements; garment sizes; infants; tables ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility. This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below. This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or service@astm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website (www.astm.org). D 4910 – 07 4 Scope Referenced Documents Terminology Significance and Use Apparatus Procedure TABLE 1 TABLE 2 Keywords