unit 5 口译中的公众演讲

口译中的公众演讲公众演讲（PublicSpeaking）的概念A.向公众发布演说的过程或行为。B.与听众进行有效口头交流的艺术。公众演讲教育西方：2000多年，大学的核心课程之一中国：尚未重视和普及。*Introduction-FearThetop5fearsofpeopleare:Publicspeaking!!!Heights.Insectsandbugs.Financialproblems.Deepwater.PublicSpeaking*Beconvincedofyourmessageandpurpose–giftofinformation.Beyourself.Audiencewillnotrequireaperfectspeech–theyjustwanttogetsomethingoutoftheexperience.Establishrapportearly–gettoknowyouraudience.Haveapositiveframeofmind–what’stheworstthatcanhappen?DealingwithAnxiety*PUBLICSPEAKING3essentialsofagoodspeech:A.PreparationB.PracticeC.Passion*BeginwiththeEndinMind(A)PREPARATION*PUBLICSPEAKINGWhatcontributestotheimpactofspeech?Researchshows:Contentofspeech7%Appearanceofspeaker57%Soundofspeaker36%*PUBLICSPEAKINGPhysicalstressreducer:1.Deepbreathing.2.Relaxationtechniques.Stretch,headroll.3.Isometricexercises(staticstrengthtraining).pressthefistofonehandagainstthepalmoftheotheroragainstadesk.Pressagainsthardobjectegawall*PUBLICSPEAKINGDRESSDressfortheaudience–notoverorunderdress.Beconservative.Goforquality.*PUBLICSPEAKINGPRESENTATION/DELIVERYThingstoavoid:Physicalswaying,rockingmotion.-Distractingaudience:tapping,staringatfloor,ceiling,notesHandmovements:inpocket,crossedarms,wringingofhands,“figleaf”Oddfacialexpressions:constantsmilingDon’tstare.Havegoodeyecontact.*PUBLICSPEAKINGVOCALIMAGEReferstothewayyousound(S)anditsflow(F)5elementsofspeech.Pitch–conversational.uselownothigh(S)Volume-canallhear?Varythevolume(S)Resonance-voicemustbeenergetic,don’tdrone(S)Pace-slowdownforimportantphrases(F)Pausing-giveaudiencechancetothink(F)*PUBLICSPEAKINGVERBALIMAGEImagery-paintwordpictures.Pronunciation.Grammar-usepropergrammar.Usage-knowdifferencebetweencommonlyusedwords.Vocabulary-expressyourideas.Language–formalorinformal输入（听辨）存储（记忆与笔记）、转换（信息重组）输出（ 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 达）ActivelistenerSecondaryspeakerinterpreter-体现 发言 中层任职表态发言幼儿园年会园长发言稿在政协会议上的发言在区委务虚会上的发言内部审计座谈会发言稿 效果-与一般演讲者的不同口译员作为演讲者语言层面verbal-语言内容-语音语调非语言层面non-verbal-仪表-体态-礼仪礼貌口译人员的公众演讲素质译员的口头表达发声吐字其它音色音高音量语调语速停顿变化口齿清楚、发音准确麦克风礼仪口译中的演讲技巧出色的讲话人熟悉讲话场所，增强演讲效果综合运用演讲的几大要素保持良好大方的体态volumepitchratepausespronunciationenunciation口译演讲时常见的问题口译时埋头不看听众坐姿或站姿不稳神情紧张不自然声音过小或过大讲话过快或过慢表达不流畅语调太过平淡或太过激情一、声音的艺术二、大方的仪态声音的艺术麦克风的使用microphonemanners注意距离及环境音口译员首先要保证其译语产出能够被每一位观众听见。在会议口译中，译员一定要提前到达会场检查，调整麦克风的高度和距离。使用麦克风时切忌大声喊叫，要保持声音的平稳和清晰。低头看笔记时，不能离麦克风太远，以保证声音可以进入麦克风。口译员从开始讲话就应留意观察听众表情，特别是最前排和最后排听众的表情。前排听众露出不快的表情或者后排听众露出不解的表情，都是音量分歧的信号。coughingsneezingheavybreathingturningpage语速rate口译中切勿速度太快。观众人数越多，场合越正式，语速应该相应地更慢一些。注意适当的语速变换，学会使用停顿，强调等演说技巧。在重要信息点，如数字、专门用语、人名、头衔等和讲话人特别夸张的枢词上应将速度放慢。音调pitch音调切勿过高或过低。根据不同场合不同的发言主题来进行适当的调整。稳重而富有激情的的声音是每个口译工作者需要努力达到的目标。连贯pause连贯是指能够流利地，具有逻辑性地表达。切忌结结巴巴。当译员在组织译文碰到障碍时要学会用重复，停顿等技巧为自己赢得思考的时间，调整节奏。吐词清晰，对于有效传达信息至关重要。放慢讲话速度，是加强吐词的有效方法。讲话人将字词发得更加相对完整，字与字(词与词)之间的连读、弱读、吞音等则需要适当减少，更要避免在表达中加入带有个人习惯的不必要表达，如“嗯……”、“这个……”、“就是说……”、“Well...”、“Eh...”、“Yes...”、“OK...”等。大方的仪态着装着装必须符合相应的场合，做到大方得体。与主办方进行沟通，了解他们对译员着装的具体要求。站姿站姿要得体，身体不能倾斜和晃动口译时一手握笔记本，一手握笔。要与麦克风保持恰当的距离，麦克风不能遮挡译员脸部。眼神借助眼神的力量，让每位观众都感觉到译员在与他们每一个人进行交流。不能只看一个方向的观众，要兼顾每一个位置的观众。手势要尽量控制手势的使用，过多的手势只会显得喧宾夺主。表情通过轻松天然的表情，时刻向听众传达友好。即使在翻译过程中有难题泛起时，也不应该皱眉、努目或流露出其它沮丧、无奈的表情。面部表情需要表现出对听众的善意，也应展现自己对所翻译的话题的爱好和掌握。不需要夸张造作的面部表情。口语训练 英语 关于好奇心的名言警句英语高中英语词汇下载高中英语词汇 下载英语衡水体下载小学英语关于形容词和副词的题 模仿与朗读-单词音素：短元音短促有力、长元音音长到位、双元音饱满有滑动，辅音准确无中文痕迹-短语句子：失去爆破和不完全爆破、音的同化、弱读和重读、连读和停顿-段落篇章：流畅表达、节奏语速、情感语境中文普通话提高assignment：一分钟口语讲话我的一次愉快/倒霉经历我最喜爱的电影/书籍/人物中西方文化的差异口译人员的基本素质我的兴趣和业余爱好oneofthemainfestivalscelebratedinyourcountrytheplacesinChinaforforeignvisitorsthebenefitsoflearningaforeignlanguagemyjobprospectsthemostdifficultaspectofEnglishLearningOurTasks中英文朗读英文模仿朗读模拟中英文致辞及翻译模拟中英文对话及翻译Whatwouldyoudoifyoufailed?Manypeoplemaychoosetogiveup.Butthereissomethingyouneedtounderstand:nopains,nogains.Failureisthemotherofsuccess,beforeyouquit,trytodoitonemoretime.Asamatteroffact,thegoodwaytosuccessiskeepyourdirectionandsticktoyourgoal.Directionisjustlikealamp,guidingyouindarknessandhelpingyouovercomedifficultiesonyourway.Otherwise,youwilleasilygetlostandwon’tknowwheretogo.Youcantrytowriteyouraimsonpaperandmakesomeplanstoachieveit.Inthisway,youwillknowhowtoarrangeyourtimeandspenditproperly.Andyoushouldalsohaveabeliefthatyouaresuretosucceedaslongasyoukeepyourdirectionallthetime.1851年，英国成功举办了第一届世界博览会。150多年后，上海将举办世界上规模最大、规格最高的世博会。这项盛事将会为加强中英合作带来重要机遇。中英合作涉及诸多方面，包括教育、商务、文化和科技，我们为此感到非常骄傲。英国参与中国的世博会不仅仅局限于英国馆，对此我并不感到惊讶。上海世博会让中英双方有机会展现我们的友谊和合作：从邀请英国的著名表演艺术家来沪与中国艺术家共演，到中英共同携手治理全球问题，例如气候变化。我真诚地希望上海人民和世界各地的游客都会在上海世博会留下美好的记忆。同时，我希望你们来英国馆走走看看，更加了解英国，参与我们和中国合作的各个方面。我还希望你们能够花时间思考，我们愈发全球化的世界所面临的诸多机遇与挑战。我们每个人都能为创建“美好的城市”和“美好的生活”贡献一份力量。谢谢。GreetingsfromWashingtonandwelcometoAmerica'sbirthdayparty.Everyyear,AmericansgatherwithfriendsandfamilyontheFourthofJulytocelebratethevaluesthatinspiredthefoundersofournationmorethantwocenturiesago,includinglife,liberty,andthepursuitofhappiness.NowthesefreedomsarenotuniquetoAmericans.Theyareembodiedinconstitutionsofmanynations,andobservedintheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRightsthatweallrecognize.Sotodayisacelebrationofourcommonhumanity.Butit’saspecialdayforAmericaandI’mdelightedthatwecanmarkittogether.SothankyouforjoiningusonthisFourthofJulycelebrationandlet'susethiscelebrationasachancetoformnewconnections,exchangeideas,andfindfreshsolutionstooursharedchallenges,andreaffirmourcommitmenttoadvancinguniversalhumanrights.We’reveryproudofourfounders.Thosebravepatriotschampionedthoserights234yearsago,andthey’vebeeninspiringpeoplenotonlyinmycountrybutaroundtheworldeversince.Iknowtheyinspireme.AndIhopethattogetherwecanleavealegacyoffreedomandopportunitytogenerationstocome.*PUBLICSPEAKINGCloseOpenerBodySTRUCTURE*PUBLICSPEAKINGSTRUCTUREOpener:attention-gettingstatementBody-keypoints;benefitstoaudience.3Closing-summary.*1.THEOPENERDifferenttypesofopeners–Quotations,WOW,wittysaying,storyRhetoricalquestionDeclarativestatementCurrenteventsRealworldsituationScenarioorillustrationHumourAnecdotesfrompersonalexperience*2.ORGANIZETHEBODYKeeptobetween3–5keypoints.Startwithwhatyourlistenersalreadyknoworthink.Beprogressive:familiartotheunfamiliarSimpletocomplexOldtonewEasytohardTheorytopractical*2.ORGANIZETHEBODYUseprops,media(audio/video)tocommunicate.Illustrateusing:StoriesPersonalexperienceExperttestimonyAnalogyQuotesStatistics*2.ORGANIZETHEBODYDonotprovide“toomuch,toomany”-Contentoverloadcauseaudiencetobeirritable&boredIfaudiencecannotcapturealltheinformation,theywillmissyourmainpoint.Watchthetimeallowed.*3.CONCLUDEONHIGHNOTELaststatements:a)shouldbeshort.b)shouldsummarizethemainpoints.c)maycallforsomespecificactiond)shouldbringtheaddresstoadramaticconclusion.*-Practisealoudimaginingaudienceinfrontofyou.Useaudioorvideotapeorinfrontofmirror-Familiarityhelpstoreduceanxiety.(B)PRACTICE*(C)PASSIONEffectivespeakerscommunicateexcitementYourposture,toneofvoice,andfacialexpressionsindicatesyourattitude*SUCCESSYouhaveachievedwhatyousetouttodoifyouraudiencewalksaway:havinglearnedsomethingnew.gainingnewperspective.havingbeenchallenged.4.feelingthetimespenthasbeenworthwhile.5.feelingbetteraboutthemselves.*PUBLICSPEAKING“Dothethingyoufearandthedeathoffeariscertain”……RalphWaldoEmerson.FinaladviceBEBRIEFBECLEARBEGONE!记者招待会精彩词句形势稍好，尤须兢慎。思所以危则安，思所以乱则治，思所以忘则存。(温家宝）Weneedtobecautiousandprudent,especiallywhenthingsareimproving.Tothinkaboutwheredangerloomswillensureoursecurity;tothinkaboutwhychaosoccurwillensureourpeace;tothinkaboutwhyacountryfallswillensureoursurvival.我总记着一句古训：生于忧患，死于安乐。要居安思危，有备无患。Ialwayspayalotattentiontoanancientmotto,thatis,oneprospersinworriesandhardship,andperishesineaseandcomfort.在我当总理以后，我心里总默念着林则徐的两句诗：“苟利国家生死以，岂因祸福避趋之。”这就是我今后的工作态度。SinceIbecamepremier,IhavebeenwhisperingtwolineswrittenbyLinZexu(apatrioticofficialinQingdynastyinthe19thcentury)tomyself.Andtheyare；“Iwilldowhateverittakestoservemycountryevenatthecostofmyownlife,regardlessoffortuneormisfortunetomyself”ThiswillbemyattitudeinwhichIwillstartmywork.中国有一句古话，叫做；“得道者多助，失道者寡助。”AnoldChinesesayingsaysthatajustcauseenjoysabundantsupport,whileanunjustonefindslittlesupport.