（推荐）研究生英语多维教程探索

Unit1TravelLanguageText1TheAcademieFrancasiehasfordecadesbeenthewatchdogovertheFrenchlanguage.Afewyearsago,FrenchsensitivitytotheinfluxofEnglishwordsbecamesogreatthatlawforthepurificationofFrenchwasadopted.Thelawcoverseventechnicalapplications.Forexample,intheory,itisnowcompulsoryinFrancetorefertotheBoeing747asagros-porteur,leasingascredit-bail,etc.thelistisverylonganddetailedandappliestoallfacetsoflife.Mr.Chirac,theFrenchPresident,mightwellexpandonthislistandcomeupwithsomenewFrenchtermsforwordssuchas“internet”or“bytestream”justtonameacouple.Themindbogglesatwhattheworldmightface.2Unfortunately(orperhapsnot),theEnglishlanguageisnotsoprotected.Quiteapartfromtheunforgivabledeviationsfromtheking’sEnglishprevlentinAmerica,where“honour”iscommonlywrittenas“honor”and“night”as“nite,”manywell-testedhasalsobeengivenewmeanings,makingcommunicationsomewhatdifficult.Forexample,thebootofacarhasbecometobecalledatrunk–awordreservedinEnglandforthemainpartofatree.Thebonnetisahood,goodoldnappiesarediapers,andababy’smatineejacketisavest.It’sobviousthatthetwocountriesareindeedseparatedbywhatoncewasacommonlanguage!FromanAmericanpointofview,ofcourse,itcouldbearguedthattheBritishspeakEnglishwithaspeechdeficiency.3EvenworseEnglish,however,isinuse.Anyonewhotravelsinforeigncountriesandobservesitonmenusandposters,inhotels,andindeedineverydaylifecantestifythatwhatusedtobetheking’slingohasbecomeintheseplacesbutapoorrelationthereof.Allowmetoelaborate.4ThetravelwriterPerrotPhillipshastakenpainstohighlightsomeofhisexperiences,whichIfeelshouldnotbewithheldfromawiderreadership.HereferstoaDutchbulbcataloguewhichpromisedcustomers“aspeedyexecution”andtoanEastBerlincloakroomsignthatrequestedgueststo“pleasehungyourselfhere.”Onehopesthatnobodytooktheadviceliterally.5TotheseIcanaddsomeofmyownexperiences,encounteredinlongyearsoftravelingtheworld.Therewas,forexample,theobservationinanOstendnoveltyshopthat“revoltingnewideas”werebeingmarketed,andtheboastofsomeBombaybakersthat“weareNo.1loafers,bestvaluesinwholetown.”6IrealizedhowfarChristinanityhadcomewhenIreadinHongKongthefollowingcallbyadentist:TheteeththeyareextractedherebythelatestMethodists.7IfearitcannotbeansweredwithcertaintywhethertheseactuallyillustrateaprogressiveuseofEnglishoraresimplyreflectionsoflocalusages.Ifeelquitestrongly,however,thattheHaifaMedicalAssociationshouldhavepreventedoneofitsmembersfromclaimingonhisbrassplatethatheisa“SpecialistinWomenandOtherDiseases.”8Hotelsseemtorevelintheirmultilingualsigns.Onesupposesthesesignsweredesignedtofacilitatetheuseofmodernservicesinotherwisesterileandbarelyfunctionalestablishments.Nevertheless,theunsuspectingguestsconfrontedinaBrusselshotelwiththefollowinginstructionfortheuseofthelife(elevator)mightwellprefertowalk:“Tomovethelife,pushbuttontowishingfloor.Ifthecabinshouldentermorepersons,eachoneshouldpushnumberofwishingfloor.Drivingisthengoingalphabeticallybynaturalorder.Buttonretainingpressedpositionshowsreceivedcommandforvisitingstation.”ThelesssophisticatednoticeinIstanbul(“Tocallroomservice,pleasetoopendoorandcallROOMSERVICE”)atleastdoesnotconfronttheguestwithelectronicsthatmightnotalwayswork.9InTurkey,thedelightin“straighttalk”expressesitselfintheby-now-famousAnkarabrochurewhichadvises,“VisitourrestaurantwhereyoucaneatMiddleEastfoodsinanEuropeanAmbulance.”AnoteonaSwissmenuthat“Ourwinesleavenothingtohopefor”wasequallyinviting.10EasternEuropeancourtesieshaveneverlefttheoncegrandhotelsoftheformerAustro-Hungarianempire.Anoticeinthehotelroomsthat“thehonouredguestsareinvitedtotakeadvantageofthechambermaidsfrom12-14o’clock”might,however,resultinsomeunplannedtrafficjams.ArecentMoscowexhibition’sannouncementdrewattentionto“ashowingof300paintingsbyRussianartists,mostofwhomwereexecutedinthelasttenyears”–hardlyawelcomingthoughttotheoccasionalvisitor.11ABangkoklaundry’sadvertisementtothevisitingpublic(“Leavingyourclotheshereandenjoyyourself”)couldalsobeseenasainvitationtoextracurricularactivitiesinthatFarEasterncapitaloffun.12InRome,alaundryadvertisedasimilarinvitation:Ladies,leaveyourclotheshereandspendtheafternoonhavingagoodtime.13ItshouldnotsurprisethetravellerthatnightspotsadvertisetheirwaresinEuropeinmanyanddiverselanguage.TheGermanpreoccupationwithMajorcaledaMunichnightclubtocopyatrilingualPalmaannouncementthatdancingwasgoingoninwhatisindeedasurprisingway.Thenoticeread,“Baile!Baile!Baile!”inSpanish,“Tanz!Tanz!Tanz!”inGerman,and“Balls!Balls!Balls!”inwhatwasmeanttobeEnglish.WearesparedtheupperBavarianversionoftheactivity.14TheBlackForestGermans,ontheotherhand,areknowntoberatherprudishintheiroutlook,butisitreallynecessarytopostasign:“ItisstrictlyforbiddenonourBlackForestcampingsitethatpeopleofdifferentsexes,forexamplemenandwomen,livetogetherinonetentunlesstheyaremarriedwitheachotherforthatpurpose.”15Iamtoldthatfortheotherwiseunsuspectingtourist,thefollowingsignprovedarealcrowdpuller.ParrotPhillipsclaimsittobetruethatinanAustrianhotelroomhefoundthesign:“Ifservicerequired,givetwostrokestothemaidandthreetothevalet.”16ThereareundoubtedlymoreandvariedversionsoftheuseofEnglish,unprotectedasourlanguageisfromtheinterferenceofemergingandambitiousentrepreneurs.Nevertheless,IpreferseeingEnglishdevelopasthelinguafrancaaroundtheworldratherthanbeingsuffocatedforthesakeofso-calledpuritybysomeill-advisedlegislativeprocess.ExercisesB部分1Somepeopleareverysensitiveaboutwhatothersmightthinkofthem.2BetweenChristmasandNewYear’sday,manystoreshavealonglistofgoodsonsale.ThisisknownasNewYear’ssale.3Statisticsrevealthattravelingduringone’svocationisbecomingprevalentasmoneyandsparetimeincrease.4Adeficiencyineducationalresourcesputsatrisktheintellectualdevelopmentofourchildren.5Theapplicant’sdocumentsrequiredforimmigrationwerewithheldbythelocalpolicestationbecauseofhiscriminalrecord.6Duringtheinterview,MarytoldtheinterviewerthatshewouldliketodosomethinginterestingbutTomsaidwithcertaintythathewouldchoosethejobwhichpayswell.7ItisimportantthattheelevatorsbefunctionalbeforetheSpringFestival.8Inspiteofagoodharvest,farmerswereconfrontedwithmanydifficultiesinsellingtheirgrain,whichtheyalonecouldnotovercome.9Foreignlanguagelearnersshouldknowthatthewayofexpressingcourtesywillbequitedifferentfromcountrytocountry.10Youwillbesparedthefineifyoutelluswhoelsewasinvolved.11Oneevening,Iwasrunningafterarobberinthenearbywoods.Suddenly,Iwashitbyastrokeofaheavythingfrombehindandlostmyconsciousness.12Asurveyshowsthatambitiouscompanieswillprovidethecustomerwithhigh-qualitygoodsaswellasfirst-classservices.13Somescientistsanddoctorsclaimthatpurifiedwater,whichispopularinthemarket,maybeharmfultochildren.14ThisbookisworthbuyingforithighlightsallthefamousAmericanwritersandtheirworks.Itisaverydemandingjobtobeasoap-operawriterbecausethenoveltyofasoap-operawearsoffquickly.C部分1.Peoplewhoaresensitiveincharactermyhavedifficultyinmakingfriends.2.Heislovedbyhisstudents,forheisnotonlyalearnedpersonbutalsohasasenseofhumor.3.Manydiscoveriesresultedfromthesensitivityofscientiststoseeminglycommonthings.4.TheChinesegovernmenthasissuedalawthatnineyearsofeducationiscompulsoryforeverychild.5.Manyteenagershavenoweekendsnowadays.Theyundertakeextratrainingorremedialclassesunderthecompulsionoftheirparents.6.Thosewhoplantostudyabroadhavetotakeacompulsoryexaminationoflanguageproficiency.7.Manynewandtallbuildingshavebigpostersontheirfrontwindowssaying“ForleaseorSale”buttherealestateprospectsarestillquitebleak.8.InordertomakesomemoneyMr.Wilsonmovedhisfamilytothefirstfloorandstartedtoleasethegroundfloor.9.Sometimes,leasinganapartmentcanbecheapandeasyforapersonwhowantstosettledowninanewplace.10.Becausehewasdrivinghiscarataspeedofover180milesanhour,atinyrockwasenoughtodeviatehiscarofftheroad.11.Longtimetensionandpressuremaycausepeopletobehavedeviantly.12.Theinvestigationshowsthattheaircrashwascausedbyadeviationfromnormalairportprocedure.13.Theprevalenceofcomplaintsaboutthebadweatherallovertheworldmaymakepeopleawarehowseriousairpollutionis.14.Itisveryinterestingthatsomestylesofclothesthatwereprevalentinthelastcenturyhaveagainbecomeafashionnow.15.NowadaysthetraditionofthreegenerationsofafamilylivingunderthesameroofisnolongerprevalentinmanycitiesofChina.16.AllthechildreninkindergartenarerequiredtodrinkatleastoneglassofmilkadaybecausericketscanresultfromadietdeficientinvitaminD.17.Thedemeritsofthepresenteducationalsystemarerevealedbycollegegraduateswhoaredeficientinpracticalexperience.18.Thereisnoneedtoreadthewholenovel.Sometimespeoplemaybenefitalotfromreadingjustafewextracts.19.Itisreportedthatsomepeasantshavemadeafortunebyextractingpoisonfromsnakestheyraised.20.Examplesextractedfromourdailylifearevividandeasyforpeopletounderstand.21.TwoU.S.ArmyexpertsweresentfromGermanytojointheairforceofficersinthesearchforanswerstothemysterythatconfrontedthem.22.Morethantwentyyears’confrontationsbetweenthetwocountrieshavesolvedbydiplomaticnegotiations.23.Althoughhewasconfrontedwithmanydifficultiesinsettingupanewcompany,hedidnotgiveup.24.Theproverb“Sparetherodandspoilthechild”meansthatdisciplineisnecessaryforchildren;otherwisetheymaygrowuptobespoiled.25.Youneedtobringasparetirewithyoujustincaseyourcarbreaksdowninthemiddleofsomewhere.26.Couldyousparemeafewminutes?Ihavesomethingimportanttotalkwithyou.27.Icouldn’tbelievehehadastrokelastmonthbecausehecanwalklikeanormalpersonnow.28.PeoplefeelsorryforsomeyoungwomenwhothinkthatahappylifemeanstospendtheirtimeathomewatchingTVandstrokingtheirpets.29.ItisreallyamazingthathecouldwritecomplicatedChinesecharacterswithonestroke.改错1Ifourfriendscannottakeus,wemustmakealternativearrangementstogettotheairport.2Nooneinthisdepartmenthaseveraccusedthegovernoroftakingadvantageofhisposition;heishard-workingandconsiderate.3Thepetdogdiedwhenitwasfifteen,notofoldage,butofaheadinjurywhenitfelldownaflightofstairs.4Casualtiesaresaidtobeveryhighandinsomevillages,whereolderandlesssubstantialbuildingspredominate,itissaidthatnotahouseremainsstanding.5Itwasanacceptedcustominwesterncountriesformentoopenthedoorforwomenandalwaystoletladiesgofirstonsocialoccasions.6Earlyindustrialpeopleusedthreetimesasmuchenergyastheiragriculturalancestors;modernpeopleareusingthreetimesasmuchastheirindustrialancestors.7Geothermalsources,thoughinasensefree,inordertobemaintained,wouldendupusingmoreenergythantheyproduced.8Eversincetheinventionofthetwo-dayweekend,where-to-go-for-the-holidayhasbeenalivetopicforpeopleinthiscity.9Whenwespeakofleisurenowadays,wearenotthinkingofsecuringtimeoropportunitytodosomething;timeweighslessheavilyonyourhands,andtheproblemishowtofillit.10ThereisabsolutelynoreasonforsayingthattherearenoregularitiesinNaturewithwhichourstatementsofnaturallawcorrespond.完形填空Whateverelsepeopledowhentheycometogether–whethertheyplay,fight,ormakeautomobiles–theytalk.Welieinaworldoflanguage.Wetalktoourfriends,ourassociates,ourwivesandhusbands,ourbosses,ourteachers,ourparentsandin-laws.Wetalktobusdriversandtotalstrangers.Wetalkfacetofaceandoverthetelephone,andeveryonerespondswithmoretalk.Televisionandradiofurtherswellthistorrentofwords.Hardlyamomentofourwakinglivesisfreefromwords,andeveninourdreamswetalkandaretalkedto.Wealsotalkwhenthereisnoonetoanswer.Someofustalkaloudinoursleep.Wetalktoourpetsandsometimestoourselves.Wearetheonlyanimalsthatdoso.Thepossessionoflanguage,morethananyotherattribute,distinguisheshumansfromotheranimals.Tounderstandourhumanitywemustunderstandthelanguagethatmakesushuman.Accordingtothephilosophyexpressedinthemythsandreligionsofmanypeoples,itislanguagethatisthesourceofhumanlifeandpower.TosomepeopleofAfrica,anewbornchildisakuntu,a“thing”,notyetamuntu,a“person.”Onlybytheactoflearningdoesthechildbecomeahumanbeing.Accordingtothistradition,weallbecome“human”becauseweallcometoknowatleastonelanguage.翻译在过去，当探险者或商人们走出家园到外面的世界去寻找新的领地、市场或原材料资源时，他们通常与跟他们打交道的当地人说的不是同一种语言。遇到这种情况时，他们一般采取以下三种方法之一来对付，吕口：(1)外来人学习说当地主人的语言(或反之)，(2)他们使用当地作为贸易用的第三种语言，或(3)产生一种新的语言——这种语言是由使用者的不同母语的一些成分合成的。在说不同语言的人群中用来作为他们共同的交际工具的语言叫混合语(交际语)。这个名称是由在地中海地区使用的中世纪时的贸易语言派生而来的。这种贸易语言主要基于日耳曼语(意大利语、法语和西班牙语)，但也包括了一些希腊语、阿拉伯语和土耳其语的成分。在当今世界，将英语称为最主要的交际语是合适的，因为英语是大部分说不同语言的人的交际工具。1Onetheoryreferstothesensitivitytothetargetlanguageasbeingoneofthemostimportantfactorsinlanguagelearning.2InordertohelpstudentsintheirstudyofEnglish,thelibraryhasdecidedtoleasetheoriginaleditionsofEnglishfilms.3Onweekends,ifoneshopputsupdiscountnotices,othershop,bigorsmall,willcomeupwithmorediscountnotices.4Whenungrammaticalexpressionsofalanguagebecomeprevalentinsociety,theywillgraduallybecomeacceptedbythepublic.5Theclosingofthecompanywasnotcausedbyashortageofcapitalbutbymanagementdeficiency.6Advertisementsusuallyhighlighttheproductorservicetheyadvertisetoattractcustomers.7Itisarguedthatweshouldwithholdthespeedoflanguagechange;otherwisewemayhavetolearnanewlanguageeverytwentyyears.8IamgratefultohimbecauseeverytimeIencountereddifficultiesinmystudyhewouldhelpme.9Itwilltakegreatpainstoimprove/changethefinancialsituationofthefactory.10Thosewhoadvocatethepurificationofalanguageprotectthelanguageforthesakeoftheirculture.Unit2LiesandTruthText1Whatistruth?–andtheoppositequestionthatgoeswithit:whatmakesalie?Philosophers,teachers,andreligiousleadersfromallculturesandperiodsofhistoryhaveofferedmanyanswerstothesequestions.AmongEuro-North-Americanwriters,thereisgeneralagreementontwopoints.Thefirstisthatwhatwecalla“lie”mustbetoldintentionally–thatis,ifsomeonetellsanuntruthbuttheybelieveittobetrue,wedon’tconsiderthemaliar.Thesecondpointisthatpracticallyeveryonelies,andliesfrequently.Buttheretheagreementends.2Oneratherextremepointofviewisthatlyingisalwaysbadandthatweshouldtrytofindwaysavoiddoingit.Thereasonisthatlyinghurtsnotonlythelistener,butalsotheliar.Eachliemakesthenextoneeasiertotell,andtheliarcomesnotonlytodisrespectherself,buttomistrustothers,whomshebelieveswilllieaseasilyasshe.Inasociety,wherelyingiscommon,trustbecomesimpossible,andwithouttrust,cooperationcannotexist.Furthermore,bylyingtopeople,weremovetheirpowertomakeimportantchoicesabouthowtospendmoney,whatfuturecareertotake,whatmedicaltreatmenttotake.3Towardtheoppositeextremeisthepositionthatalthoughsomeliesareevil,manyothersarenot–infact,theyarenecessarytoholdoursocietytogether.Welieinharmlesswaystoprotectother’sfeelingsandtobetterourrelationship.Thesearenotliesthattrytohurtothers.Welaughattheboss’sjokewhichwehaveheardbeforeandwhichshedoesn’ttellverywell;wepretendinterestinafriend’sstoryofsomethinguninterestingthathappenedtohim.Ifsomeoneasksusaquestionthatisverypersonalandisnoneoftheirbusiness,wemaylieinresponse.Sometimeswelietoprotectthereputationoreventhelifeofanotherperson.Onalargerscale,governmentmayprotectnationalsecuritybylying.4Eachpersonseemstohavesomepointatwhichtheydrawthelinebetweenanacceptablelieandabadlie.Obviously,thispointvariesfromindividualtoindividualandfromculturetoculture.Asometimespainfulpartofgrowingupisrealizingthatnoteveryonesharesyourownindividualdefinitionofhonesty.Yourparentsandyourculturemayteachyouthatliarssuffer,butasyougothroughlife,youfindthatoftentheydon’t:infact,dishonestpeopleoftenseemtoprospermorethanhonestones.Whatareyoutodowiththisrealization?Itmaymakeyourmoralbeliefslookweakandsillyincomparison,andyoumaybegintoquestionthem.Ittakesagreatdealofstrengthandcouragetocontinuelivinganhonestlifeinthefaceofsuchreality.5Therearemanywaystocategorizelies,buthereisafairlysimpleone:6Littlewhitelies:Thisisournameforliesthatweconsiderharmlessandsociallyacceptable.Theyareusuallytoldtoprotecttheliarorthefeelingsofthelistener.Mostofthemwouldbeconsideredsociallies,andtheyincludeapologiesandexcuses:“Itriedtocallyou,butyourlinewasbusy.”“You’rekidding!Youdon’tlooklikeyou’vegainedapound.”Somepeople,however,wouldconsideritacceptabletolietosavethemselvesfromresponsibilityinabusinesstransaction:“AfterIgothome,Inoticedthatitwasbroken,soI’mreturningitandwouldlikemymoneyback.”7Occasionallya“littlewhitelie”mayhaveaveryprofoundeffectonthelivesofthelisteners,andmayevenbackfire.AuthorStephanieErcssontellsofthewell-meaningU.S.Armysergeantwhotoldalieaboutoneofhismenwhohadbeenkilledinaction.Thesergeantreportedthemanas“missinginaction,”notkilled,sothatthemilitarywouldcontinuesendingmoneytothedeadman’sfamilyeverymonth.Whathedidn’tconsiderwasthatbecauseofhislie,thefamilycontinuedtoliveinthatnarrowspacebetweenhopeandloss,alwayswatchingforthemailorjumpingwhenthetelephoneorthedoorbellrang.Theyneverwereabletogothroughthenormalprocessofsorrowingfor,andthenaccepting,thedeathoftheirfatherandhusband.Thewifeneverremarried.Whichwasworse,thelieorthetruth?Didthesergeanthavetherighttodowhathedidtothem?8Whatwereallymeanwhenwecallanuntrutha“littlewhitelie”isthatwethinkitwasjustifiable.Intothiscategoryfallmanyoftheliestoldwithinthewallsofgovernment.Apersonmaylietogovernment,oragovernmentofficialmaylietothepublic,andbelievethatbydoingso,hebecomesahero.Clearly,however,oneperson’s“littlewhitelie”isanotherperson’s“dirtylie.”Thatbringsustothesecondcategory:9Dirtylies:Thereareliestoldwithintenttoharmthelistenerorathirdpartyandtobenefittheliar.Intothiscategoryfalltheliesofsomedishonestsalespersons,mechanics,repairmen;husbandsorwiveswhoarehavinganaffairwithsomeoneelse;teenagerswholietogetoutofthehouseinordertodothingsthattheirparentswoulddieiftheyknewaboutit;drugaddictswhobegfamilymembersformoneytosupporttheirhabit.Dirtyliesmybetoldtoimproveoneperson’sreputationbydestroyinganother’s,tohurtacolleague’schancesofpromotionsothattheliarwillbeadvanced.10Liesofomission:Somepeoplebelievethatlyingcoversnotonlywhatyousay,butalsowhatyouchoosenottosay.Ifyou’retryingtosellacarthatburnsalotofoil,butthebuyerdon’taskaboutthatparticularfeature,isitalienottotellthem?IntheUnitedStates,afavoriteplacetowithholdthetruthisonpeople’sincometaxreturns.Thegovernmentconsidersthisanunquestionablelie,andifcaught,thesepeopleareseverelypunished.Ifomissioncanbelying,historybooksaregreatliars.Untilrecently,mostU.S.historytextbookspaintedChristopherColumbuspurelyasahero,themanwho“discoveredAmerica,”andhadnothingtosayabouthisdarkerside.Moreover,mostNativeAmericanandAfrican-Americancontributorstoscience,technology,invention,literature,art,discovery,andotherareasofcivilizationusedtobeomittedformchildren’sschoolbooks.Manypeopleconsideredthisalie,andtoday’shistorybooksusuallymentionatleastsomeofit,thoughnotasmuchassomepeoplemightlike.11Falsepromises:Thiscategoryismadeupofpromisesthatthepromiserknowsarefalse,thathehasnointentionofkeepingevenastheworldleavehislips.Whilesomearefairlyharmlessandsocial,othersaretakenmoreseriouslyandcanhurtthelistener:“I’llneverdoitagain,Ipromise.”Advertisersandpoliticianssufferfromterriblestereotypesbecauseofthefalsepromisesofsomeoftheirnumber:“Lose50poundsintwoweeks.”“Readmylips:Nonewtaxes.”Probablyeveryonewouldagreethatifwemakeapromisebuthavenointentionofkeepingit,welie.Butwhatifwereallydoplantokeepit,andthensomethinghappenstopreventit?Considerthejournalistwhopromisesnottoindentifyhisresources,butthenispressuredbyhisnewspaperorbythelaw.Howfarshouldhegotokeephisword?Ifhebreakshispromise,ishedishonest?12Liestooneself:Thisisperhapsthesaddestandmostpathetickindoflying.Thesearetheliesthatpreventusfrommakingneededchangesinourselves:“IknowIdrank/spent/atetoomuchyesterday,butIcancontrolitanytimeIreallywantto.”Butthereisafinelinebetweennormaldreamsandambitionsontheonehand,anddeceivingourselvesontheother,andwehavetobecarefulwherewedrawit.It’scommonforyoungpeopletodreamofrisingtothetopoftheircompany,ofwinningaNobelPrize,ofbecomingfamousorrich;butisthatself-deception,orsimplyhumannature?Weretheylyingtothemselves?Morelikely,theyreallybelievedthatsuchafuturewasopentothem,becausetheyhadseenithappentoothers.Weshouldn’tbetoohardonourselves,butifwehaveturnedablindeyetoourfaults,weshouldtakeanhonestlookinthemirror.13Thereisnoquestionthattheterms“lying”and“honesty”havedefinitionsthatvaryacrosscultureboundaries.Membersofoneculturemaystereotypemembersofanotheras“greatliars,”“untrustworthy,”or“afraidtofacethetruth.”Butwhatmayliebehindthesedifferencesisthatoneculturevaluesfactualinformationevenifithurts,whileanotherplacesmorevalueonsensitivitytootherpeople’sfeelings.Whilethemembersofeachculturebelievethatofcoursetheirvaluesaretherightones,theyareunlikelytoconvincemembersofotherculturestochangeover.Andthat’s“thetruth.”ExercisesB部分