关于旅游的论文

关于旅游的论文 河北工业职业技术学院 毕 业 论 文 论文题目:需要层次论在旅游服务和管理中的应用 系 别 法律与经济贸易系 专业 年级 六年级体育公开课教案九年级家长会课件PPT下载六年级家长会PPT课件一年级上册汉语拼音练习题六年级上册道德与法治课件 2008级旅游管理 学生姓名 满春云 学号 3605080127 指导教师 孙益 职称 副教授 指导教师 职称 日 期 2011年4月30日 their own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development. 目录 工贸企业有限空间作业目录特种设备作业人员作业种类与目录特种设备作业人员目录1类医疗器械目录高值医用耗材参考目录 第一页:封面 第二页:目录，作者 第三——五页:正文 第六页:附录，参考文献， 第七页: 毕业设计(论文)评分表 题目:需要层次论在旅游服务和管理中的应用 作者:满春云 中英文摘要: 关键词: 需要层次论 旅游管理 激励 正文 their own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development. 河北工业职业技术学院毕业论文 需要层次论在旅游服务和管理中的应用 引言: 马斯洛需求层次论对旅游服务的启示 随着我国旅游业的腾博发展，人们开始加深对旅游业的研究，我所写的正是对其中的默写方面的论述和 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 。而我就选择马斯洛需求层次理论来对旅游服务过程和管理来进行分析，斯洛需求层次理论具有很强的现实意义，尤其对服务性行业，其意义尤为突出。但是马斯洛需求层次理论是从宏观上、整体上提出来的，是个抽象的概念，针对不同的服务行业，其提供的服务内容是不同的，顾客的需求层次表现也是不同的。旅游产品是旅游经营者提供给旅游者购买的完整的旅游经历，它所包含的吃、住、行、游、娱、购等六大要素,均与旅游资源有密切关系。因此，我们知道在旅游活动中可提供什么，要想留住顾客，培育顾客的忠诚度，必须深入了解顾客的各种需求，旅游提供者有针性的满足不同层次的需求，并有针对性地提供或者改进现有的服务，增强顾客的满意度，为企业的长远发展打下坚实的基础。同时，也要充分了解员工的需求。在服务中，让员工在实现自我价值的同时也为企业带来效益和收获。 正文: 随着我国经济的快速壮大，世界和平仍是主流，旅游正在全面而快速的发展，人民生活水平也显著提高，在工作之余，也考虑走出自己的惯常生活圈，寻求新的刺激体验。由开始的单纯观光旅游(自然风光、名胜古迹、城市风光等)，到目的复杂的各种旅游，度假旅游(海滨、山地、温泉、乡村、野营等)专项旅游(文化、商务、体育健身、业务等)，生态旅游。生态旅游最初作为一种新的旅游形式出现，主旨是保护环境、回归自然，变革了以往的旅游发展模式。从旅游的目的的角度出发,旅游经营者凭借着旅游吸引物、交通和旅游设施，向旅游者提供着满足其旅游活动需求的全部服务。旅游内容的充实完善，也更加满足了游客多方面的需求。 在服务中，对待游客方面 their own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote 第 3 页 共 8 页 the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development. 旅游业是以食住行的满足为基本依托的，人们就餐，坐车，满足生理的服务需求，这是直接的生理需求。在身体舒适基础上，人们进而追求一个安全、优美、轻松、愉快的旅游环境，这些是人们在游览过程中的直接需求。旅游的直接需求是低层次的，游客在旅游时还要与导游员进行交流，以增加供、需双方的沟通与理解，比如了解民俗风情，历史文化等。游客更加在意其身心的感受，也就是说，游客在旅游的同时，更需要得到导游员的尊重，从而满足更高层次的需求，以至于由此而上升为对美学的欣赏，并旅游活动体现自己的品位等等。旅游活动发展到今天，也是一种社会活动，其得到满足的需求内容也是多方面的，并且也体现出人的需求层次由低到高的递进和提升。这些需求层次尽管不一定是层次分明的，但完全可以细化为不同的层次和感受，也可以说是在旅游过程中游客对于安全感、支配控制感、信赖感、便利感、身份地位感、自我满足感等需要的逐步实现。这些间接需求，是满足精神方面的需要。 (一)满足游客生理需求方面 游客主要通过自己出行去旅游目的地来享受服务。因此，我们提供的旅游服务产品，不但有观赏，精神享受，轻松愉快 ，而且在体力吃住等基本生理上要有满足，在当代旅游中，也有很多以休养为目的的旅游，以身体健康保健为目的，也是旅游成熟的一种表现。对于很多工作紧张的办公室人来说，自己出游对身体也是一种锻炼。 (二)满游客客安全需求方面 旅游服务首先要保证游客人身财物安全，注意防盗，注意行程过程中，乘车，参观景点安全，用餐卫生，尊重顾客隐私权;让顾客用餐时有安全感。 (三)满足游客社会需求方面 为游客提供许多不同特色的旅游景点和在旅游过程中的各种活动，满足不同游客的出游需求目的。使游客享受到不同的旅游感受，也使旅游具有社会交往功能，如增进友谊，交流情感等，也学习了解了自己不熟悉的民俗文化，收获了友谊。 在旅游过程中，和谐愉快的人际环境可以淡化彼此的敌意，增加彼此之间的了解，脱离工作家庭中的拘谨，达到更好的放松。同时，人们也就为什么更爱选择花钱旅游，来放松，达到满足自己的社会需求。 (四)满足游客客尊重需求方面 1、礼仪礼貌 导游员的语言、行为和仪表，反映我们旅游从业人员对游客的态度，同时也是我们自身素质修养的体现，是吸引游客的重要方面。 2、服务态度 导游员应主动、热情、周到、细致、耐心、诚恳地为游客服务，理解游客的消费需求并提供个性化服务。 (五)满足游客自我实现需求方面 their own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development. 河北工业职业技术学院毕业论文 旅游线路的安排会让游客在游览过程中从景色和各种艺术中得到美的享受，提高审美水平，同时旅游业者对旅游的安排可以为游客提供自我展示的机会与平台，使游客在游览体验风景乐趣中，还能满足自我实现的心理。 在旅游业中，基于马斯洛需要层次理论在旅游企业对于员工的管理中的应用。 应用马斯洛的需要层次论对员工进行管理的一个重要前提，就是要了解员工的需要到底是什么。在不同的国家、不同的企业、不同时期以及企业中不同的员工，他们的需要不仅是不同的，而且是动态变化的。因此，管理者应该经常性地用各种方式进行调查，弄清哪些需要还没有达到满足，然后有针对性地进行。比如员工平时的想法。对公司制度的意见或不满。 运用薪酬激励来管理员工，建立激励性的薪酬制度，提高员工的积极性，在旅游工作中能更好的为游客服务，用弹性福利计划激励员工，提高员工对报酬的满意度。比如节假期间发放一些福利物品，奖金等。总之，就是把握好员工和企业之间的利益关系，在有能力的情况下，充分考虑好员工的利益的思想活动精神需求，尽量多的去满足。同时，一个旅游团队从业者是一个集体，要同心同力把团队搞好，共同患难与分享快乐增强组织归属感，并激励了员工自豪感，同时，明确目标并设置总目标与阶段性目标，强化考核年进行讲评、奖优罚劣，注重方式促进“公正与效率”目标的实现，达到整体进步。 此外，还有精神激励、授权激励、股权激励等一系列的措施。都是为使员工更好的为旅行社工作，从精神上给以鼓励，物质上有所奖励，员工自己对自己所做的付出也会感到欣慰，实现自身的价值，感受了工作的乐趣，增加员工的参与机会，共同进行讨论，认识自己的每个工作程序，更有效率的做好旅游工作，这种参与机会的增加，有效地激发了员工的专长与潜能。比如，有才艺的导游员可以发扬自己的才艺，在工作中更好的为游客带来乐趣，满足了创新者积极求取进步追成功的心理，也使他们得到有效的报酬，更是一种廉价的投入。 有效地授权，一是创造发挥“能字当头”精神的氛围，考虑好导游员的工作能力和一些特长;二是需要有一批基层的员工，他们有愿望、有能力、有勇气去做好自己的工作，解决自己的问题，积极主动做好旅游工作。员工通过自己的能力和技能在工作中充分发挥了自己，在成功中得到了自豪感，对于自己的旅游工作的人爱更深了，在心里对自己公司的认可，同时要把握好员工的权限，不可过大，否则很容易在旅游活动中出问题，同时，也会带来不害臊的影响，比如导游员的不 规范 编程规范下载gsp规范下载钢格栅规范下载警徽规范下载建设厅规范下载 活动会损害游客的利益，改变路线，增加购物都是对导游管理不到位，但可以通过业绩和进度报告的方式进行监督指导，使下属不敢有所逾越，规范好导游员。 旅游业中，游客我们要充分满足其需求，而直接满足其需求的员工(导游员)是否在旅游活动中，或管理中得到相应满足，也是十分必要的，只有满意的员工，才有可能实现员工的满意，才是对游客满意的保证。服务与管理要做到运用马斯洛需求层次理论的实用性，这样才能找到根本，认识本质。 旅游业服务质量存在的问题 经过二十多年的发展，我国的旅游业取得了可喜的成就，企业规模越来越大，竞争力日益增强，1994年我国旅游收入为1600多亿元，跃居全球十大旅游目的地。虽然前景十分诱人，但是，由于起步较晚，观念落后，旅游服务质量还存 their own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote 第 5 页 共 8 页 the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development. 在着很多问题。比如说，全国有6000多家旅行社，但企业规模实力小，经营管理分散，体制不活，对于导游员收入的来源，一些地区导游强制游客购物等，都是该完善的地方。在制度上和整个行业从业人员的素质都有待提高。当前还存在着旅游管理者观念不当、忽视员工的培训需求、培训方法滞后、管理体制不完善等问题，待去解决。 在旅游行业发展迅速的轨道，我们旅游从业人员会在努力奋斗中实现自己人生的意义。但是，随着旅游业的迅速发展，内部竞争日趋加剧，竞争已不仅仅表现为产品、服务、方式、质量等方面，越来越体现为人才及员工整体素质的竞争。所以，我们要加强自身建设。 参考文献:人力资源管理 旅游学概论 参考内容，马斯洛需求层次理论(Maslow's hierarchy of needs)，亦称“基本需求层次理论”，是行为科学的理论之一，由美国心理学家亚伯拉罕?马斯洛于1943年在《人类激励理论》论文中所提出。 马斯洛理论把需求分成生理需求、安全需求、社交需求、尊重需求、和自我实现需求五类，依次由较低层次到较高层次排列。 附录: 游客满意 不是很好 最好 导游人员不满意 导游人员满意 不是很好 最不好 游客不满意 游客与员工在旅游中满意与 不满意关系图 毕业设计(论文)评分表: their own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development. 河北工业职业技术学院毕业论文 参评系部(院): 班级: 学生姓名: 毕业设计(论文)题目 指导教师 指导教师成绩 答辩成绩 评 价 项 目 分值 得分 1.选题符合专业培养目标，体现核心专业能力培养要求 10 2.题目难度适当，能较全面考核学生的专业学习效果 5 选题 质量 3.题目内涵丰富，有新意 5 4.理论意义或实际价值高 10 1.调研取证、查阅文献资料的能力 5 2.综合运用专业知识的能力 5 能力 3.研究 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 的设计能力 5 水平 4.设计(论文)体现出较强的分析能力和概括能力 5 5.灵活运用各种方法进行创新性综合研究 10 1.设计(论文)内容与题目相符 5 2.结构完整，层次分明，重点突出，结论明确 10 3.结构严谨，条理清晰，语言准确，文字流畅 5 成果 质量 4.格式规范，符合《毕业论文撰写规范》上的格式要求 10 5.篇幅适中，能够把所要表达的内容叙述清楚 5 6.成果的理论或实际价值 5 专 家 评 定 成 绩 100 专家 评语 评审专家(签名) 年 月 日 第their own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote 7 页 共 8 页 the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development. their own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development.