电气试验(中英文)

电气试验ElectricTest电气试验惯例要求GeneralRequirements电气预防性的试验严格按规范、产品 说明 关于失联党员情况说明岗位说明总经理岗位说明书会计岗位说明书行政主管岗位说明书 书要求履行。Electricpreventivetestshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewithcriterionandproductspecificationstrictly.组合式微机保护及监控继电器按产品 说明书 房屋状态说明书下载罗氏说明书下载焊机说明书下载罗氏说明书下载GGD说明书下载 进行整定。Adjustcombinedmicro-computerprotectionandmonitoringrelay惯例的电磁式继电器调试按《新编保护继电器查验》中相关规定进行调试。ThenormalelectromagneticrelaycommissioningshallcomplywiththestipulationsofNewProtectionRelayTest.4)盘(柜)指示电表经校验后，对合格的电表粘贴专用合格证。Aftercalibrationofthepanel(cabinet)indicativeammeter,pastespecialqualitycertificateonthequalifiedammeter.5)高压开关柜的传动试验在各电气元件及单体柜调试后进行。传动试验时，仔细查对各回路的正确及靠谱性。主要传动试验项目：Highpressureswitchboardtransmissiontestshallbecarriedoutafterelectricalelementandindividualcabinetcommissioning.Checktheloopsaccuracyandliabilityduringtransmissiontest.Themaintransmissionproject：操作控制回路传动试验；OperationControlLoopTransmissionTest保护回路传动试验；LoopProtectionTransmissionTest丈量/计量回路试验；Measure/RecordingLoopTest系统低电压、断线保护试验；SystemLowPressure,Cablebreakprotectiontest查对一、二次相位；Check1stand2ndphase变压器试验TransformerTest丈量绕组连同套管的直流电阻，丈量应在各分接头全部地点长进行；MeasurewindingandsleeveDCresistanceofalltheconnectionjoints.2)对1600kVA及以下三相变压器，各相测得值的互相差值应小于均匀值的4%，线间测得值的互相差值应小于均匀值的2%；1600kVA以上的三相变压器，各相测得值的相互差值应小于均匀值的2%，线间测得值的互相差值应小于均匀值的1%；1600kVA以上的三相变压器，各相测得值的互相差值应小于均匀值的2%，线间测得值的互相差值应小于均匀值的1%；(重复)三相电阻不均衡率计算ThreePhaseTransformerof1600Kvaandtheless,themeasuredvalue’sdifferenceshallbe4%lessthantheaverage,internallinesmeasuredvalueshallbe2%lessthantheaverage.ThreePhaseTransformerofabove1600kVA,themeasuredvalue’differencesshallbe2%lessthantheaverage,internallinesmeasuredvalueshallbe1%lessthantheaverage,ThreePhaseresistanceUnbalanceRatecalculationformula:三相实测最大值最小值不均衡率100%三相算术均匀值MeasuredMax-MinUnbalancedRate=100%Average3)直阻丈量方法：DCResistanceMeasureMethod用感性负载速测欧姆计丈量绕组直流电阻时，其接线及丈量方法应切合测试仪器的技术要求。WhenmeasuringwindingDCresistancebysensibilityloadohmmeter,theconnectionandthemeasuremethodshallcomplywithequipmenttechnicalrequirements.4)变压器的直流电阻，与同温下产品出厂实测数值比较，相应变化不该大于2%；将不一样温度下的绕组直流电阻温度换算到同一温度：DCresistanceoftransformer,comparedwithmeasuredvalueofproductbymanufacturerundersametemperature,thecorrespondingchangeshallbenotmorethan2%,convertthewindingDCresistanceunderdifferenttemperatureintothesametemperature.RaTtxRXTta(式中：Rx–换算至温度为tx时的电阻；Ra-温度为ta时所测得的电阻；T-温度换算系数，铜线为235，铝线为225；tx-需要换算Rx的温度；ta-丈量Ra时的温度)(convertRxintotheresistanceundertemperatureoftx,Raisresistanceundertemperatureofta,Tistemperatureconvertcoefficient,copperlineis235,aluminumis225,txisthetemperatureofRxtoconvert,taistemperatureofmeasuringRa)因为变压器构造等原由，差值超出本条第⑵款时，可只按本条第⑷款进行比较。Causeoftransformerstructure,thedifferenceismorethanclause2,complywithclause4only.6)检查全部分接头的变压比变压比与制造厂名牌数据对比应无显然差异，且切合变比的规律。额定分接的变压比同意误差为±0.5%,其余分接的误差应在变压器阻抗值（%）的1/10之内，但不超出1%。Checkallconnectionjointstransformingratio,whichshallbenodistinctdifferencecomparedwiththedateofmanufacturerbrandandcomplywiththetransformingrule.Ratedtaptransformingratioallowabledifferenceis0.5%,othersshall±within1/10oftransformerresistance(%),butnotmorethan1%.检查三相变压器的结线组别和单相变压器引出线的极性Checkthreephasetransformerwireseriesandpolarityofsinglephasetransformeroutputwire.丈量绕组连同套管的绝缘电阻Measuretheinsulationresistanceofwindingandsleeve.a)绝缘电阻值不该低于出厂试验值的70%。Insulationresistanceshallbenotlessthan70%ofleavefactorytestingvalue.当丈量温度与产品出厂试验时温度不切合时，可按下表换算到同一温度时的数值进行比较：Ifanyunconformitybetweenmeasuredtemperatureandleavingfactorytestingtemperature,convertintosametemperatureaccordingbelowtableandcompare:温度差Difference换算系数11.2Coefficient（注：表中K为实测温度减去20℃的绝对值）(Remark:Kistheabsolutevalueofmeasuredtemperatureminus20℃)c)当丈量绝缘电阻的温度差不是表中所列数值时，其换算系数按以下公式计算：whentemperaturedifferenceofmeasuringinsulationresistancevaluecannotbefoundintheabovetable,theconvertingformulais：A=1.5K/10当实测温度为20℃以上时：Whenmeasuredtemperatureisabove20℃R20=ARt当实测温度为20℃以下时：Whenmeasuredtemperatureisbelow20℃R20=Rt/A(式中：R20-校订到20℃时的绝缘电阻值；Rt-在丈量温度下的绝缘电阻值)(R20-revisetoabsolutevalueof20℃,Rt-istheabsoluteresistancevaleundermeasuringtemperature)9)沟通耐压试验ACWithstandVoltageTest依据制造厂供给的技术资料及业主的要求决定能否进行该项试验；如进行该项试验需制造厂供给试验电压值。InaccordancewiththetechnicaldocumentsprovidedbymanufacturerandClient’srequirementstodeterminewhethertocarryoutthetest,ifdoit,themanufactureshouldprovidetestvoltagevalue.试验电压的频次为50Hz，电压波形应尽可能靠近正弦波形。Thetestingvoltagefrequencyis50Hz,voltagewaveformbetterbesinewave.进行沟通耐压时,非被试侧绕组应短接后接地。CarryoutACwithstandvoltagetest,theun-testsideofthewindingresistanceshouldbeearthed.10)丈量与铁芯绝缘的各紧固件的绝缘电阻measuretheresistanceofironcoreinsulationfasteningware应丈量可接触到的穿芯螺栓、轭铁夹件及绑扎钢带对铁轭、铁芯及绕组压环的绝缘电阻；Measurethetouchablepenetrationbolt,yokeclamp,steelbandingyoke,steelcoreandwindingringinsulationresistance.b)采纳2500V兆欧表丈量，连续时间为1分钟，应无闪络及击穿现象；measuringwith2500ohmmeter,tinelast1minute,noflashover,nobreakdown.当轭铁梁及穿芯螺栓一端与铁芯相连时，应将连结片断开后进行试验；Whenonesideofyokebeamsandpenetrationboltsconnectedwiththecore,carryoutTestafterdisconnectingtheclips.冲击合闸试验ImpactClosingTest在额定电压下对变压器进行冲击合闸试验,应进行5次,每次间隔宜为5分钟,无异样现象。冲击合闸试验宜在变压器高压侧进行；对中性点接地的电力系统，冲击试验时变压器的中性点一定接地；发电机变压器组中间连结无操作断开点的变压器，可不进行冲击合闸试验。Carryoutimpactclosingtestunderratedvoltagefor5timesevery5minus,thereshouldbenoabnormalphenomenon.Impactclosingtestshallcarryoutathighpressuresideoftransformer.Theneutralpointmustbegroundedforpowersystemwithneutralgrounding.Noimpactclosingtestisacceptableforthegeneratortransformerassemblywithoutoperationdisconnectionpoint.检查相位PhaseCheck检查变压器的相位一定与系统相位一致。Confirmthetransformerandthesystemphasemustbeconsistent.电缆试验CableTest绝缘测试InsulationTest丈量电缆对地或对金属障蔽层间和各线芯间的绝缘电阻。Measuretheinsulationresistanceofcabletogroundorironshieldedlayerandcores.对1kV以上电缆采纳2500V兆欧表。Use2500VMegohmmetertotestcableofabove1kV对0.6/1kV及以下电缆采纳1000V兆欧表。Use1000VMegohmmetertotestcableof0.6/1Kvandbelow.2)直流耐压及泄露电流丈量DCVoltageEnduranceandDCLeakingMeasuring(塑料绝缘电缆包含聚氯乙烯绝缘电缆、聚乙烯绝缘电缆及交联聚乙烯绝缘电缆。聚氯乙烯绝缘电缆产品型号有VV、VLV等；聚乙烯绝缘及交联聚乙烯绝缘电缆的产品型号有YJV及YJLV等。)PlasticinsulationcableincludingPVCinsulationcable,polyethyleneinsulationcableandcross-linkedpolyethyleneinsulationcable电缆额定电压直流试验电压试验时间(min)Testing(U)CableRatedVoltage0DCTestVoltageTime3.6kV15kV156kV24kV158.7kV35kV153)试验时,试验电压可分4～6阶段均匀升压，每阶段逗留1min，并读取泄露电流值。丈量时应除去杂电流的影响。Duringtesting,thetestvoltagecanbedividedinto4-6stepstoincreasevoltageuniformly,eachsteplasts1min,andreadleakagecurrentvalue.Eliminatethemiscellaneouscurrentinfluenceduringmeasuring.对额定电压为0.6/1kV的电缆可用1000V或2500V兆欧表丈量导体对地绝缘电阻取代直流耐压试验。0.6/1kVcable,use1000Vor2500VMegohmmetertomeasuretheresistanceofconductortoearthinsulationresistanceinsteadofDCvoltageendurancetest.沟通单芯电缆的护层绝缘试验 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 ，按产品技术条件的规定进行。ACsinglecorecableprotectionlayerteststandardshouldbeaccordingtotechnologycondition.电缆主绝缘沟通耐压试验CablemaininsulationACvoltageendurancetest试验电压：2U0；连续时间：60min(U0:电缆额定相电压)。Testvoltage:2UO,lastingtime:60min(UO:cableratedvoltage)按产品技术条件的规定决定进行直流耐压及泄露电流丈量或是进行电缆主绝缘沟通耐压试验。CarryoutDCvoltageenduranceandleakagecurrentmeasureorcablemaininsulationACvoltagetestaccordingproducttechnologytermsandconditionstipulation.8)相位检查PhaseCheck电缆接线相序与系统相位一致。Cableconnectionorderissamewithsystemphase沟通电机试验ACGeneratorTest1)丈量绕组的绝缘电阻，使用500V兆欧表，常温下绝缘电阻值不该低于0.5；额定电压为1kV及以上，在运转温度时的绝缘电阻值定子绕组不低于每千伏1，转子绕组不该低于每千伏0.5。Measurewindinginsulationresistance,use500vMegohmmeter,insulationresistancevalueshallnotlessthan0.5undernormaltemperature.Ratedvoltageisabove1kV,insulationresistancevaluestatorwindingisnotlessthan1/kVunderoperationtemperature,statorwindingresistanceshallnotbelessthan0.5/Kv.2)100kW以上的电动机各相绕组直流电阻值互相差异不该超出其最小值的2%，中性点未引出的电动机可丈量线间直流电阻，其互相差异不该超出最小值的1%。丈量时应 记录 混凝土 养护记录下载土方回填监理旁站记录免费下载集备记录下载集备记录下载集备记录下载 环境温度，以便与出厂试验值对比较。Above100kWmotor,eachwindingDCresistancevaluedifferenceshallbenotexceed2%oftheminimum,withoutoutputneutralpointofthemotor,measuretheDCresistancebetweenthelines,theirmutualdifferencesshouldnotexceed1%oftheminimum.Recordtheambienttemperaturewhenmeasuringinordertocomparewithfactoryexperimentaldata.不均衡率三相实测最大值三相最小值最小值100%3phasemeasuredmaxvalue-minvalueUnbalancedvalue=x100%3phasemin检查定子绕组的极性及其连策应正确。中性点未引出者可不检查极性。Checkthepolarityofthestatorwindingsandconnections.Therecanbenocheckingiftheoutputneutralpointisnotavailable.关于备用发电机的试验，依照制造厂供给的试验项目及标准进行试验。TestforStandbygenerators,accordingtothetestitemandstandardsprovidedmanufacturer.继电器调试RelayCommissioning1)调试前，应保证继电器对试验电源的要求。电源的波形应为正弦波，谐波重量不超过基波的5%。试验电源的频次应为50Hz。当试验电源频次对继电器影响较大时应考虑频次的正、负误差对试验数据的影响，应付试验数据进行修正。当使用直流电源试验时，电源的涟漪系数要小。一般状况下，涟漪系数K≯1%。Beforecommissioning,ensurerelaymeetstestpowerrequirements.Powershouldbesinusoidalwaveform,thefundamentalwavedoesnotexceed5%ofharmonicwave.Thefrequencyoftestpowershouldbe50Hz.Whenthetestfrequencyofpowerhavegreatinfluenceonrelays,positiveandnegativedeviationofthetestdatashouldbeconsidered,andamendtestdata.WhenusingDCpowerfortest,thecorrugatedcoefficientissmaller.generally,corrugatedcoefficientK≯1%.2)使用标准仪表的精度不低于0.5级。Usingstandardinstrumentprecisionisnotlowerthan0.53)使用专用仪器进行调试时，专用仪器上的电表精度不低于0.5级。Usingspecializedinstrumentforcommissioning,theinstrumentammeteraccuracyisnotlessthan0.5.继电器外壳应洁净无尘埃。外壳、玻璃应完好，嵌接要优秀。外壳与底座联合应密切坚固，防尘密封应优秀，安装正直。继电器端子接线应坚固靠谱。Relayshellshouldbeclean.Shell,glassshouldbecomplete,embeddedisgood.Shellshouldbecloselycombinedwiththebase,dust-protectionsealshouldbegood,correctinstallation.Relayterminalblockshouldbesolidandreliable.继电器内部应洁净、接线坚固、各零件完满，动作灵巧、靠谱。Therelayinnerpartshallbeclean,connectionsolid,allpartisperfect,flexibleandliable6)继电器的接点检查：应保证接点接触优秀、无颤动、粘住或出现火花等异样现象，并有足够的压力。Relaycontactpointinspection:ensurecontactpointisgood,jitter-free,nostickandsparkabnormalphenomenon,andsufficientpressure.电磁式继电器其动作值应丈量继电器的冲击动作值。而后安稳降落丈量继电器的返回值。关于欠量动作的继电器应将继电器升到额定值，而后安稳降落至动作值。电子组合式继电器按制造厂商供给的技术资猜中要求进行调试。Electromagneticrelayoperatingvalueshallbetheimpactoperatingvalue.Thensteadydeclinemeasuringthereturnvalueofmeasuringrelays.Increasethevaluetoratedfortheunreached,andthendecreasesteadilytooperatingvalue.CommissiontheelectroniccombinedRelayaccordingtotechnicalinformationprovidedbymanufacturers.检查电磁式继电器的动作、返回值及返回系数应切合产品技术要求。CheckElectromagneticrelayoperation,returnvalueandreturncoefficientshallcomplywithproducttechnologyrequirement.复核继电器的动作值。Re-checkrelayoperationvalue.校核、调整热继电器的设定值，其动作值应切合被保护设施的容量。Checkandcommissionsetvalueofthermalrelay,theoperationvalueshallcomplywiththecapacityofprotectedequipment.11)绝缘电阻的测定：额定电压为100V及以上者，使用1000V兆欧表；额定电压为100V以下者，使用500V兆欧表。端子对底座和磁导体的绝缘电阻应大于50ΜΩ。各线圈对触点及各触点间的绝缘电阻应大于50ΜΩ。各线圈间的绝缘电阻应大于10ΜΩ。由电子InsulationResistancemeauring:ratedvoltageof100Vandabove,useof1000VMegohmmeter;ratedvoltagebelow100V,use500VMegohmmeter.Theloopcontactpointandeachcontactpointinsulationresistanceshouldbemorethan50ΜΩ.Thecoilandcontactsonthecontactsbetweentheinsulationresistanceshouldbemorethan50tweenthecoilΜΩ.Beinsulationresistanceshouldbegreaterthan10ΜΩ.Nomeasuretoinsulationresistancecomprehensiverelaycomposedofelectronicdevice.12)电磁式继电器进行冲击试验：电压型继电器其冲击电压应为该继电器额定电压的1.1倍；电流型继电器其冲击电流应为保护安装处最大故障电流。冲击试验时，接点不应产生振动和鸟啄现象。Impacttesttoelectromagneticrelay:theimpactvoltageofvoltagerelay’svoltageis1.1timesofitsratedvoltage,impactcurrentofcurrentrelaysshouldbetheMaxfaultcurrentoftheprotectioninstalledplace.Duringimpacttest,novibrationandbirdpeckingphenomenonatcontactpoint.主变压器保护装置、测控装置等各样种类的自动保护装置的调试方法和调试接线，按厂商供给的产品技术资料进行调试。Maintransformerprotectivedevice,detectivedeviceetc,allself-protectivedevicecommissioningmethodandcommissioningcontactshallcomplywithtechnologyinformationprovidedbymanufacturer.对多功能综合保护继电器的数码显示部分应完满，刻度清楚、正确。Multi-functionalcomprehensiveprotectiverelaydigitaldisplaypartshallbeperfect,Calibrationclearandaccurate.按产品的技术性能，输入相应的参数值，查验其功能能否切合产品的技术标准。Inputparametervaluesaccordingtoproducttechnologyperformance,checkifthefunctionscomplywithtechnologystandard.按设计的整定值，查验继电器实质动作值。Checkactualoperationvalueoftherelayaccordingtosetvalue.对过度参数值由低值渐渐升至动作值，欠量参数值由额定值降至动作值。Excessiveparameters,increasegraduallyfromlowvaluetooperationvalue,lessofparametervaluesdecreasefromratedvaluetooperationvalue.在未采纳靠谱的举措前，不得触摸继电器内部电路板，免得静电破坏电路板。Beforenoreliablemeasurestaken,forbidtotouchtheinternalcircuitboardstopreventanydamage.传动试验TransmissionTest主变压器进线开关、隔走开关、接地开关分、合闸操作；Maintransformerinputswitch,isolationswitch,earthingswitchturnon/offoperation;2)MCC（电动机控制中心）系统分、合闸操作；MCCsystemturnon/offoperation;3)变压器保护等动作跳闸及信号的传动试验；Transformerprotectiontripandsignaltransmissiontest;4)MCC（电动机控制中心）馈线柜动作跳闸及信号的传动试验；MCCwirecabinetprotectiontripandsignaltransmissiontest;5)备用电源自投的传动试验；Sparepowerindependenttransmissiontest;6)丈量、计量回路的传动试验及其余传动试验；Measuringandrecordinglooptransmissiontestandothertransmissiontest;9)上述传动试验应正确、靠谱；二次回路绝缘优秀。Abovetransmissiontestsshouldbeaccurateandreliable;loopshouldbewellisolated.7.UPS（不中断电源）调试UPSCommissioning1)UPS（不中断电源）装置主机按制造厂技术资料要求进行调试。ThecommissioningofUPSmainframeshouldbeaccordingtoManufacturer’stechnicalspecificationdocuments.UPS（不中断电源）装置蓄电池绝缘电阻应切合产品技术条件，并按制造厂技术条件进行充放电；充电电压应切合产品技术条件。10小时放电应达到100%放电率。StoragebatteryisolationresistanceoftheUPSshouldcomplywithtechnicalspecificationandshouldbedischargedaccordingly;chargevoltageshouldcomplywithtechnicalspecification.10-hourdischargeshouldreach100%dischargingrate.电气受、送电ElectricApparatusReceivingandSupplyingPower电气受、送电，按照先高压(电源)侧后低压(负荷)侧，断电时，先断低压侧(负荷)侧，后高压(电源)侧。Receivingandsupplyingpowershouldbefromhighvoltagesideandthenlowerside;breakingpowershouldbefromlowervoltagesideandthenhigher.2)为保证安全在变压器受电前将盘柜内全部开关置于断开地点AlltheswitchesshouldbekeptOffbeforereceivingpowerinordertoguaranteethesafety.3)在额定电压下对变压器冲击试验5次，每次间隔时间为5min，无异样现象Carryoutimpactingtest5timesevery5minunderratingvoltage,thereshouldbenoabnormalsituations.4)两段受电后，在母联柜母联开关一、二次核相。Aftersecondphasereceiving,checkbusbarswitchphase.5)进行并列运转及进线柜、母联柜联锁试验Carryoutshuntcirculatingandinputcabinetandbusbarcabinetinterlocktest.动设施受电前，有条件的状况下先断开负荷侧的主电缆，而后送电检查控制回路。合格后，再恢复负荷侧的主电缆。Beforerotatingapparatusreceivingpower,breaktheloadsidemainpowercableifpracticable,thensupplypowerandcheckthecontrolloop.Afteracceptance,recoverthemaincable.试运时应按空载及负荷试车进行。单机试运时，连锁接点可不投入，负荷试车时，一定将连锁接点投入。试车时，在试运设施四周拉上戒备线，并有专人监护。Commissioningshouldbecarriedoutunderbothunloadandloadsituations.Interlockpointscanbenotinvolvedduringmechaniccommissioning,butshouldbeinvolveduringloadingcommissioning.Alarmingtapeshouldbeinstalledaroundrelatingapparatusduringcommissioningandappointedpersonnelshouldsupervise.电机试运前的检查应切合以下要求：MotorsCheckingShouldComplyWithTheFollowingRequirementsBeforeCommissioning电机的保护、控制、信号等回路的调试完成，动作正常。Motorprotection,controlandsignal,etcloopscommissioninghasbeencompletedandworkwell.盘动电机转子时转动灵巧，无碰卡现象。Rotorrunssmoothlybymanually,withoutcollisionandblocking.电机绝缘知足要求。电机引出线排序正确，固定坚固，连结密切。Motorisolationmeetsrequirements.Theoutputwiresequenceisright,andfixedwell,connectedtightly.电机外壳油漆完好，接地优秀。Outcover’spaintisingoodconditionandearthingwell.电机第一次启动时，以点动为宜。Thefiststartupshouldbeshort-timerun.10.电机试运转时的检查应切合以下要求：MotorsCheckingShouldComplyWithTheFollowingRequirementsDuringCommissioning电机的旋转方向能否切合工艺要求。Themotorrotationorientationshouldcomplywithprocessrequirements.电机试运转各样参数，不超出产品技术条件的规定。Allparametersofmotorduringcommissioningshouldnotexcesstechnicalspecification.联合试运时，编制试运 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 ，按方案的内容逐条进行。Beforecombiningcommissioning,establishcommissioningplanandexecuteaccordingtoitonebyone.