2012专业四级模拟215(含详细解析)

2012专业四级模拟215(含详细解析) Test For English Majors Grade Four Model Test Six Time limit: 130 min. Part I Dictation [15 min.] Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Part ? Listening Comprehension [15 min.] In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your ANSWER SHEET. Section A Conversations In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation. 1. What is the possible relationship between the man and the woman? A. Doctor and patient. B. Husband and wife. C. Father and daughter. D. Teacher and student. 2. What does the man want to do? A. Gain weight so as to join in a basketball team. B. Play basketball with friends from work. C. Try out for the company baseball team. D. Get in shape and compete in a cycling race. 3. What is the woman's main concern? A. She is worded her husband will spend too much time away from home. B. She is afraid her husband will become a fitness freak. C. She is concerned about her husband's health. D. She is not confident of her husband's age for playing games. 4. What does the woman advise about the man's diet? A. He should eat more fruits and vegetables. B. He should consume less salt. C. He should not eat fatty foods at all. D. He should add more protein products to his diet. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation. 5. What is the woman doing? A. She is eating the man's snack. B. She is eating the man's flower. C. She is appreciating the tulips. D. She is seeing the movie. 6. What reason is NOT mentioned by the speaker for eating flowers? A. Flowers contain vitamin. B. Flowers are constituted of sugars and minerals. C. Flowers taste delicious. D. Flowers have protein. 7. What taste of petals is described by the speaker? A. Sour. B. Sweet. C. Salty. D. Odorous. Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation. 8. Mr. Burton asks the manager to tell the man in apartment 4B to ______. A. mm off the music after 10:00 pm B. turn down the volume of his stereo C. listen to light music rather than rock and toll D. use headphones when listening to music 9. Why is the manager hesitant about carrying out this request? A. The man in apartment 4 is the son of the man who lives them. B. She is afraid that the man is very pig minded. C. She is afraid of what the owner's son might say or do. D. She says the matter is the owner's responsibility. 10. What is Mr. Burton's second complaint? A. There is an awful smell coming from the farm next door. B. The property owners next door are illegally disposing of waste. C. The stunk waste disposed by his neighbors disturbs him. D. The neighbors are burning leaves which are drifting his way. Section B Passages In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 11 to 14 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage. 11. In American city schools, how many students are absent on a dally basis? A. 12-14% B. 12-40% C. 20-40% D. 20-50% 12. According to the speaker, what are the most important reasons for students'absence in American city schools? A. Illness and poor academic performance. B. Illness and truancy. C. Physical punishment and truancy. D. Physical punishment and poor academic performance. 13. Which of the following methods is NOT tried in Florida to reduce the number of truancy? A. Students with good record in attendance are awarded with gifts. B. Classes with improved attendance rates can get additional gifts. C. Students who attend school as required are granted academic credits in school courses. D. Teachers who successfully encourage school attendance are rewarded. 14. What measure has been taken in San Francisco to reduce the destruction of school property? A. Rewarding schools that have decreased the destruction. B. Encouraging students to attend more extracurricular activities. C. Promoting teachers who can prevent the destruction. D. Increasing spend on repairs and replacements. Questions 15 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage. 15. Roman superiority began to decline in the ______ century A. D. A. second B. third C. fourth D. fifth 16. Which of the following is considered to be the most enduring heritage of the Romans? A. Art. B. Science. C. Law. D. Architecture. 17. Which of the following languages is NOT mentioned as using the Roman alphabet? A. English. B. French. C. Spanish. D. German. Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage. 18. For whom is the lecture intended? A. Freshman. B. Sophomore. C. Junior. D. Senior. 19. How would a vitalist view the work of the mind? A. It is a very complex system facilitated by energy. B. It follows physic-chemical laws. C. It is a kind of philosophical process. D. It can not be separate from chemical workings of the brain. 20. What does the professor tell the students to do about the article on the chemical and physiological workings of the brain? A. Read and copy the article. B. Read the article and write a summary on it. C. Read the article and write a paper on vitalism and mechanism. D. Read the article as a preparation for the lecture next week. Section C News Broadcast In this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news. 21. According to the news, which city is NOT included in the route of Olympic torch? A. Taiwan. B. Macao. C. Hong Kong. D. Shanghai. 22. What was the response of Taiwan after the route had been announced? A. Readily accepted the arrangements. B. Angrily rejected the arrangements. C. Refuse to make any commons on the arrangements. D. Not yet decided whether to accept the arrangements. Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news'. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news. 23. How much funds would be released from Macau bank in the effort to settle nuclear problem in North Korea? A. $250,000 B. $2,500,000 C. $25,000,000 D. $250,000,000 24. What will North Korea do if the financial trouble is resolved? A. Transfer the money to a Korea bank. B. Invest more funds in nuclear program. C. Negotiate with UN about dismantling nuclear program. D. Allow UN inspectors into North Korea. Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news. 25. How many policemen were killed in the bombing? A. 2. B. 3. C. 20. D. 30. 26. Why have some tribes joined the Iraqi police and army? A. They hate of being Sunni rebels in Ramadi. B. They want to drive al-Qaida members from their region. C. They would be able to move to southern city of Diwaniyah with military force. D. They intend to stop rising influence of Shiite militia loyal to Moqtada al-Sadr. Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news. 27. In the description of two Indian airline companies, which statements is INCORRECT? A. The merger will save more than 150 million each year. B. The merger will lead to great cut in job positions. C. The two companies have been suffering financial loss for many years. D. The two companies traditionally flew domestic and internationai routes respectively. 28. How many airlines were there in India five years ago? A. 2. B. 3. C. 5. D. 10. Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given JO seconds to answer the questions'. Now, listen to the news. 29. The Nikkei Average fell by about ______ points. A. 100 B. 101 C. 110 D. 111 30. What will midweek U. S. petroleum inventory report possibly show? A. Rising cool stocks. B. Rising crude oil. C. Rising gasoline. D. Rising distillate supplies. Part ? Cloze [15 min.] Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your ANSWER SHEET. In the United States, older people rarely live with their adult children. But in many other cultures children are expected to care (31) their aged parents. In some parts of Italy, the percentage of adult children who (32) with their parents (33) 65 to 70 percent. In Thailand, too, children are expected to care for their elderly parents; few Thai elderly live (34) What explains these (35) in living arrangements across cultures? Modernization theory (36) the extended family household to low levels of economic development. In traditional societies, the elderly live with their children in large extended family units for economic reasons. But with modernization, children move to urban areas, (37) old people behind in isolated (38) areas. Yet modernization theory cannot explain why extended family households were never common in the United States or England, or why families in Italy, which is fully modernized, maintain a strong (39) of intergenerational living. Clearly, economic development alone cannot explain (40) living arrangements. Another theory associated intergenerational living arrangements with inheritance patterns. In some cultures, the stem family pattern of inheritance (41) . (42) this system, parents live with a married child, usually the oldest son, (43) then inherits their property when they die. The stem family system was once common in Japan, but changes in inheritance laws, (44) broader social changes brought (45) by industrialization and urbanization, have (46) the tradition. In 1960 about 80 percent of Japanese over 65 lived with their children; by 1990 only 60 percent did — a figure that is still high (47) U.S. standards, but which has been (48) steadily. In Korea, too, traditional living arrangements are (49) : the percentage of aged Koreans who live with a son declined from 77 percent in 1984 to 50 percent just 10 years later. (50) most elderly Koreans still expect to live with a son, their adult children do not expect to live with their children when they grow old. 31. A. about B. for C. of D. to 32. A. reside B. resign C. rescind D. resent 33. A. amounts B. arrives C. reaches D. obtains 34. A. alone B. lonesome C. lonely D. loneliness 35. A. analogy B. ambiguity C. controversy D. difference 36. A. integrated B. associated C. linked D. coalized 37. A. discarding B. leaving C. lagging D. maintaining 38. A. rural B. urban C. uncultured D. primitive 39. A. system B. concept C. heritage D. tradition 40. A. established B. preferred C. reserved D. appointed 41. A. administrates B. controls C. presides D. predominates 42. A. In B. On C. Under D. With 43. A. and B. that C. which D. who 44. A. as well B. all well C. as well as D. may as well 45. A. off B. out C. about D. forth 46. A. eliminated B. defeated C. undertaken D. undermined 47. A. at B. in C. on D. by 48. A. declining B. degrading C. deducting D. desisting 49. A. diminishing B. eroding C. receding D. removing 50. A. Since B. Until C. Although D. Supposed Part ? Grammar & Vocabulary [15 min.] There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A , B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET. 51. We agreed to accept ______ they thought was not the best tourist guide. A. whatever B. whichever C. whoever D. whomever 52. It is human nature to think back to a Golden Age ______ one's country was strong and respected. A. unless B. provided C. as D. when 53. ______ your opinions are worth considering, the committee finds it unwise to place too much importance on them. A. As B. Since C. Provided D. While 54. ______ when she started complaining. A. Not until he arrived B. Hardly had he arrived C. No sooner had he arrived D. Scarcely did he arrive 55. This is one of the rarest questions that ______ at such a meeting. A. is raised B. are raised C. has ever been raised D. have ever been raised 56. The lure started on the first floor of the hospital, ______ are elderly and weak. A. many of whose patients B. many of which patients C. many of it patients D. many patients of whom 57. "Not until science became prominent ______ be abolished," some people argue. A. did slavery come to B. slavery to C. had slavery come to D. that slavery came to 58. By the first decade of the 21st century, international commercial air traffic is expected ______beyond today's levels. A. to have extended B. to be extending C. being extended D. having been extended 59. ______,heat is produced. A. Certain chemicals are mixed together B. That certain 'chemicals are mixed together C. Whenever certain chemicals are mixed together D. The mixing together of certain chemicals 60. If I were in movie, then it would be about time that I ______ my bead in my hands for a cry. A. bury B. am burying C. buried D. would bury 61. The earthquake ______ not have come at a worse time for the war-torn country. A. could B. must C. would D. might 62. Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure ______. A. than more on efficiency B. and more efficiency C. than efficiency D. and more on efficiency 63. The police accused him of setting fire to the building but he denied ______ in the area on the night of the fire. A. to be B. to have been C. having been D. be 64. My pain ______ apparent the moment I walked into the room for the first man I met asked sympathetically: "Are you feeling all right?" A. must be B. had C. must have been D. had to be 65. Although Jim is happy with his success he wonders ______ will happen to his private life. A. that B. what C. this D. it 66. There are five ______ mistakes in this picture. Can you find them and win a prize? A. intensive B. deliberate C. planned D. calculated 67. Tom's mother tried hard to persuade him to ______ from his intention to invest his savings in stock market. A. pull out B. give up C. draw in D. back down 68. Call your doctor for advice if the ______ persist for more than a few days. A. responses B. reflections C. symptoms D. syndromes 69. From this material we can ______ hundreds of what you may call direct products. A. derive B. discern C. diminish D. displace 70. Although the national government has introduced some new laws on this subject, it is ______the state governments which are responsible for pollution control. A. precisely B. primarily C. progressively D. preliminarily 71. George enjoys talking about people's private affairs. He is a ______. A. solicitor B. coward C. gossip D. rebel 72. If businessmen are taxed too much, they will no longer be motivated to work hard, with the result that incomes from taxation might actually ______. A. shrink B. delay C. disperse D. sink 73. Because of its intimacy, radio is usually more than just a medium; it is ______. A. firm B. company C. corporation D. enterprise 74. It is well-known fact that the cat family ______ lions and tigers. A. enriches B. accommodates C. adopts D. embraces 75. Of the immigrants who came to America in the fast three quarters of the seventeenth century, the ______ majority was English. A. overwhelming B. overflowing C. overtaking D. overloading 76. The honest young man ______ the boss that he would try his best for the excellence. A. ensured B. assured C. secured D. insured 77. To impress a future employer, one should dress neatly, be______ , and display in the job. A. swift B. instant C. timely D. punctual 78. While in London, we paid a visit to the hospital founded ______ the nurse Florence Nightingale. A. in line with B. in favour of C. in honour of D. in place of 79. Using extremely different decorating schemes in adjoining rooms may result in ______ and lack of unity in style. A. conflict B. confrontation C. disturbance D. disharmony 80. Being impatient is ______ with being a good teacher. A. intrinsic B. ingenious C. incompatible D. inherent Part ? Reading Comprehension [25 min.] In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements', each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. ' Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET. TEXT A Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age. For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences. Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we find ourselves describing their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage captures our attention, we are aware of the importance of the supporting players and the scenery of the play itself. Both the family and the society in which exceptional children live are often the key to their growth and development. And it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of society's understanding — the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are passed on to the next generation. Education in any society is a mirror of that society. In that mirror we can see the strengths, the weaknesses, the hopes, the prejudices, and the central values of the culture itself. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities. "All men are created equal." We've heard it many times, but it still has important meaning for education in a democratic society. Although the phrase was used by this country's founders to denote equality before the law, it has also been interpreted to mean equality of opportunity. That concept implies educational opportunity for all children — the right of each child to receive help in learning to the limits of his or her capacity, whether that capacity be small or great. Recent court decisions have confirmed the right of all children — disabled or not — to an appropriate education, and have ordered that public schools take the necessary steps to provide that education. In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programs. 81. The author cites the example of the leading actor on the stage to show that______. A. the needs of exceptional children are more important than their environment B. the growth of exceptional children has much to do with their family and die society C. the education of exceptional children mainly depends on the public schools D. the society produces more influence on exceptional children than on normal children 82. Why should exceptional children receive great concern in education? A. They are different from others of the same age in many respects. B. They might become the burden of the society. C. They enjoy the equality to develop their full potentials. D. They are the key part of public education in civilized societies. 83. It can be inferred from the passage that the education for exceptional children______. A. is now legally supported B. is stated by the country's founders C. is controlled over by court decisions D. is conformed to the culture of the country 84. What should public schools do to provide education to exceptional children? A. They should set the same educational pace to exceptional children as to other children. B. They should adjust their programs and instructions to exceptional children. C. They should give exceptional children special help to benefit from regular courses. D. They should assign new programs and instruction to exceptional children. 85. This passage mainly deals with ______. A. the differences of education between normal children and exceptional children B. the concept of modem education in democratic countries C. the special educational programs for exceptional children D. the necessity of adapting education to exceptional children TEXT B OPEN-OUTCRY trading is supposed to be a quaint, outdated practice, rapidly being replaced by sleeker, cheaper electronic systems. Try telling that to the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX), the world's largest commodities exchange. On November 1st the NYMEX opened an open-outcry pit in Dublin to handle Brent crude futures, the benchmark contract for pricing two-thirds of the world's oil. The NYMEX is trying to snatch liquidity from London's International Petroleum Exchange (IPE), which trades the most Brent contracts; the New York Exchange has hitherto concentrated on West Texas Intermediate, an American benchmark grade. The new pit is a response to the IPE's efforts to modernise. On the same day as NYMEX traders started shouting Brent prices in Dublin, the IPE did away with its morning open-outcry session: now such trades must be electronic, or done in the pit after lunch. The New York Exchange claims that customers, such as hedge funds or energy companies, prefer open-outcry because it allows for more liquidity. Although most other exchanges are heading in the opposite direction, in commodity markets such as the NYMEX, pressure from "locals" — self-employed traders — is helping to prop up open-outcry, although some reckon that customers pay up to five times as much as with electronic systems. Even the IPE has no plans to abolish its floor. Only last month it signed a lease, lasting until 2011, for its trading floor in London. Dublin's new pit is "showing promise", says Rob Laughlin, a trader with Man' Financial, despite a few technical glitches. On its first day it handled 5, 726 lots of Brent ( each lot, or contract, is 1,000 barrels), over a third of the volume in the IPE's new morning electronic session. By the year's end, predicts Mr. Laughlin, it should be clear whether the venture will be viable. It would stand a better chance if it moved to London. It may yet: it started in Ireland because regulatory approval could be obtained faster there than in Britain. Ultimately, having both exchanges offering similar contracts will be unsustainable. Stealing liquidity from an established market leader, as the NYMEX is trying to do, is a hard task. Eurex, Europe's largest futures exchange, set up shop in Chicago this year, intending to grab American Treasury-bond contracts from the Chicago Board of Trade. It has made little headway. And the NYMEX has dabbled in Brent contracts before, without success. Given the importance of liquidity in exchanges, why do the IPE and the NYMEX not band together? There have been merger talks before, and something might yet happen. Some say that the freewheeling NYMEX and the more staid IPE could never mix. For now, in any case, the two exchanges will slug it out — across the Irish Sea as well as across the Atlantic. 86. Which statements is true as to the description of the NYMEX and IPE? A. They are both adopting open-outcry trading practice. B. They are both making efforts to modernize the trading practice. C. They are competing in the oil trading market. D. They are competing to take the largest share in world's commodity trade. 87. The NYMEX has focused on West Texas Intermediate in order to ______. A. open an open-outcry pit in Dublin B. respond to the IPE's efforts to modernise C. price two-thirds of the world's oil D. get liquidity from its rival 88. The pressure of local traders actually encourages ______. A. more liquidity in NYMEX B. the practice of electronic system C. the practice of open-outcry D. higher customers' payment 89. All the statements about Dublin's new pit are correct EXCEPT ______. A. its first day trading volume has outrun that in the IPE B. its new trading practice will be accepted by the end of the year C. it will move to London to win better opportunity D. it is much easier to get regulatory approval in Dublin 90. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that ______. A. it is not the first for NYMEX jolting into Brent contract competition B. the attempt of NYMEX will stand to lose C. Eurex has planned to take part in the campaign for oil market D. Eurex has successfully get the contracts from the Chicago Board of Trade 91. From the last paragraph, we can predict that ______. A. the incorporation of the two energy exchanges are bound to happen B. the NYMEX and the IPE are now negotiating for a compromise C. the likelihood of the merger of the NYMEX and the IPE is quite slim D. the two exchanges will give up competing because of the distance in space TEXT C TEXT C In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows. Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of "trash talk". The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takes the ever-common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society's moral catastrophes, yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments of other people's lives. Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual's quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbors. Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a "final word". He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable. Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show's main target audiences are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the. time, money, and stability to deal with life's tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18- to 21-year-olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the show's exploitation. While the two shows are as different as night and day, both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world. 92. In comparison with other TV talk shows, the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey are ______. A. extremely different from each other B. targeting the same group of audiences C. more profound in content D. popular in terms of style and format 93. The Jerry Springer show is especially fascinating to audiences because ______. A. the topics in the show are quite usual in common life B. it deals with serious morality problems in the society C. it explores the adverse effect that catastrophes bring the society D. it carters for people's curiosity of learning the troubles in other people's lives 94. Which of the following topics is likely to be in the Oprah Winfrey show? A. Juvenile Delinquency B. Divorce Rate C. Woman's Career Plan D. Racist Hatred 95. The Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey are all different EXCEPT ______. A. they both have a "final word" B. they both tend to be instructive to their audiences C. they are attractive to middle-class and young adult D. they are dealing with the toughest problems in the society 96. The author implies in the last paragraph that the two talk shows ______. A. are arranged in different time schedule B. monopolized the talk show circuit C. have been competing against each other for years D. are playing leading roles in world talk show programs TEXT D One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by selling goods door to door found that he only had one dime left. He was hungry so he decided to beg for a meal at the next house. However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, "How much do I owe you?" "You don't owe me anything," she replied. "Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness. "He said," Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart. "As Howard Kelly left that house, he not only felt stronger physically, but it also increased his faith in the human race. He was about to give up and quit before this point. Years later the young woman became critically ill. The local doctors were baffled. They finally sent her to the big city, where specialists can be called in to study her rare disease. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous was called in for the consultation. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Immediately, he rose and went down through the hospital hall into her room. Dressed in his doctor's gown he went in to see her. He recognized her at once. He went back to the consultation room and determined to do his best to save her life. From that day on, he gave special attention to her case. After a long struggle, the battle was won. Dr. Kelly requested the business office to pass the final bill to him for approval. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to her room. She was afraid to open it because she was positive that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words... "Paid in full with a glass of milk." (Signed) Dr. Howard Kelly Tears of joy flooded her eyes. 97. The boy tried to earn money to pay for ______. A. traveling expenses to school B. school tuition fee C. his meals D. a glass of milk 98. What had Howard Kelly been about to give up before he got the glass of milk from the young woman? A. Begging for a meal. B. Selling goods door to door. C. Striving for better life. D. Believing in human kindness. 99. What was the woman worried about? A. She would not survive the disease. B. She would not be able to pay for the medical bill. C. She would not be able to pay back Dr. Kelly's kindness. D. She would not spread her love to other people. 100. What might be the title of the story? A. Dr. Howard Kelly and a Young Woman B. Reward to Kindness C. A Paid Bill D. A Glass of Milk Part ? Writing [45 min.] Section A Composition (35 min.) Food can be produced much more cheaply today because of improved fertilizers and better machinery. However, some of the methods used to do this may be dangerous to human health and may have negative effects on local communities. Present your argument to illustrate whether you agree or disagree. Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a composition of about 200 words on the following topic: Dangers of New Farming Technology You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state specifically what your idea is. In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your idea or describe your idea. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Section B Note-Writng (10 min.) Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a note of about 50 — 60 words based on the following situation: You are anew student, and you find out that near your school there is a club. Write a note to the manager of the club asking for details of membership. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Test For English Majors Grade Four Model Test Six Part ? Listening Comprehension Section A 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. A Section B 11( C 12( B 13( C 14( A 15( D 16( C 17( B 18( B 19( C 20( D( Section C 21( D 22( B 23( C 24( D 25( A 26( B 27( B 28( B 29( B 30( A Part ? Cloze [试题解析] 31(B。词组短语题。本句意为“在美国，老年人很少和他们成年的子女居住在一起。但是在很多其他文化中，子女有责任赡养年老的父母。”care for意为“照顾、照料、抚养”，与句意相符。而care about意为“担心”。 32(A。词义辨析题之近形词。本句意为“在意大利的一些地区，和父母住在一起的成年子女比例达到了65%到70%”，reside意为“居住”，与句意相符。 33(C。词义辨析题之近义词。这里指达到某一个数值。amount须和to连用，意为“总计、合计”;arrive 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示“到达”，后接介词in或at;obtain意为“获得”，不合题意，故应选C。 34(A。词义辨析题之近义词。本句意为“在泰国也是这样，子女有责任照料年老的父母，泰国很少有老年人独居。”alone是副词，作状语，修饰动词live。lonesome和lonely是形容词; loneliness是名词。 35(D。篇章逻辑题之篇章语义。上文中讲不同国家不同的居住方式，本段旨在解释差异存在的原因，因此应选D。analogy意为“类似、类比”;ambiguity意为“含糊、不明确”;controversy意为“辩论、争论”。 36(C。词组短语题。本句意为“现代化理论将大家族住在一起的居住方式和经济的落后联系在一起。”link与to搭配表示“连接，将„„与„„相连”，与句意相符。 37(B。篇章逻辑题之篇章语义。本句意为“随着现代化的进程，孩子们都迁移到城市，将老年人留在了环境比较隔绝的农村。”leave„behind指“将„„留在身后”与句意相符。lag behind指“落后”;discard意为“丢弃、抛弃”;maintain意为“维持、供养”。 38(A。篇章逻辑题之篇章语义。上一句说孩子迁移到了城市，那么老人自然是被留在了农村，与 urban构成反意关系，自然应该选rural。 39(D。篇章逻辑题之篇章语义。本题主要考查动宾搭配以及上下文语义，本句的谓语是maintain，意为“保持、维持”，可与tradition搭配，句意为“但是现代化理论却无法解释，为什么几代同堂的居住方式从来没有在美国和英国普遍存在，还有，已经完全现代化的意大利，仍然保留着几代人住在一起的传统。” 40(B。篇章逻辑题之篇章语义。本句意为“显然，仅仅经济发展程度本身是无法解释人们的居住习惯的。”preferred意为“更喜欢、宁愿”，与句意相符。established意为“已制定的、确定的”;reserved意为“保留的”;appointed意为“指定的、约定的”。 41(D。篇章逻辑题之篇章语义。本句意为“在一些文化中，主干家庭模式占主导地位。” predominate意为“支配、占优势”，与句意相符。administrate是及物动词，意为“管理、支配”;control为及物动词，意为“控制，支配，管理(物价等)”;preside有“主持”之意。 42(C。词组短语题。句意为“在这种 制度 关于办公室下班关闭电源制度矿山事故隐患举报和奖励制度制度下载人事管理制度doc盘点制度下载 之下”，所以选介词under。 43(D。语法结构题。非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代上句中的oldest son，故应选who。 44(C。语法结构题。本句意为“这种继承式的家庭模式一度在日本十分普遍。但是工业化和城市化带来的继承法的修改，以及社会各个层面的变革，都削弱了这一传统。”as well as意为“也、又以及”，与句意相符。如果放在句尾，则用as well。 45(C。词组短语题。bring about意为“带来”，这里指“工业化和城市化带来的继承法的修改”。 46(D。篇章逻辑题之篇章语义。这里指“削弱了传统”，用undermine最为合适。eliminate意为“排除、消除”;defeat意为“击败、战胜”;undertake意为“承担、担任”。 47(D。词组短语题。本句意为“在1960年，六十五岁以上的日本人，大约有80%和他们的子女一起生活。到1990年，只有60%了。按照美国的标准，这个数字仍然很大，但是它已经在稳步下降。”by„standards意为“和„„的标准相比较”，与句意相符。 48(A。词义辨析题之近形词。decline指“下降”;degrade指“降级、堕落”;deduct指“扣除、演绎”;desist指“终止”。只有decline符合句意。 49(B。篇章逻辑题之篇章语义。根据下一句中提到的和儿子一起居住的韩国老年人百分比在下降的事实， 可以判断传统的居住方式正在退化，故选择eroding。diminish指“减小、变小”; recede指“后退”;remove常与from连用，表示“拿走、撤走”。 50(C。篇章逻辑题之逻辑衔接。上半句说韩国的老人期望和孩子住在一起，下句表明孩子的态度与之相反，不愿和父母住在一起，是明显的转折关系，故选although。 Part ? Grammar & Vocabulary 51(C。 名词性从句。空格部分是后面宾语从句was not the best tourist guide的主语，they thought在这里是插入语，所以首先排除whomever;根据主语补足语tourist guide判断该主格代词一定指人，所以应选whoever。 52(D。 定语从句。从句中的内容是解释Golden Age的，定语从句中修饰的先行词是时间，用关系副词when。 53(D。 状语从句。从上下文中worth considering、unwise、place too much importance on等词组可以判断两个分句属于转折关系，故应选择while。as表示“当„„时候”;since表示“自从、由于”; provided表示“倘若”。 54(B。 55(D。 动词时态。首先根据句子基本时态为一般现在时以及句子中有到现在为止的含义，判断从句中的时态为现在完成时。其次，定语从句的先行词为questions，所以谓语动词也应随其相应变化为复数形式。 56(A。 定语从句。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰的先行词是hospital，作patient的定语，因此关系词应选择whose。 57(A。 动词时态。根据until引导的时间状语判断，主句时态应为一般过去时，而not until前置，故应采用倒装。 58(A。 非谓语动词。动词expect搭配不定式结构，表示“预计、预期”;by the first decade这个时间状语表示应该使用完成时态，所以正确答案为A。 59(C。 状语从句。此处考查句子之间的衔接关系，只能使用状语从句，所以正确选项为C。 60(C。 虚拟语气。从句中if I were以及主句中it would be的用法，说明这是与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，根据“it is about time that„句型判断that引导从句应是用一般过去时，所以正确答案为C。 61(A。 情态动词。could not have done表示对过去事实准确的否定猜测;must have done不能用于否定句;would have done表示与过去事实相反;might not have done表示对过去事实把握不大的猜测。根据句意判断应选A。 62(D。 比较级。此处结构为with引导两个并列的比较成分less emphasis on„and more emphasis on„，只是more后面的emphasis被省略了，故本题选D。 63(C。 非谓语动词。动词deny后只能接动名词作宾语，故答案为C。 64(C。 虚拟语气。前面分句中的内容是对过去已发生事实的肯定猜测，所以要用must have done。 65(B。 名词性从句。wonders后面的部分是宾语从句，空格部分充当从句的主语，根据上下文以及动词wonder判断吉姆并不知道会发生什么事情，所以排除指代性代词this和人称代词it。同时 因为that在名词性从句中不能充当成分，所以连接代词what为正确答案。 66(B。 形容词辨析。intensive意为“强烈的、透彻的”;deliberate意为“故意的、深思熟虑的”; planned意为“有 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 的”;calculated意为“计算出的、适当的”。deliberate符合句意。 67(D。 词组和固定搭配。pull out意为“拔出、离开、渡过难关”;give up意为“放弃、认输”;draw in意为“引诱、紧缩开支”;back down意为“放弃原主张，取消前言”。根据空格后from his intention判断，此处只能选择back down。 68(C。 名词辨析。responses意为“回答、反映”;reflections意为“反射、映像”;symptoms意为“症状、征兆”;syndromes意为“综合病症”，就是多种symptoms。所以答案为C。 69(A。 动词辨析。derive意为“得到、获得”;discern意为“目睹、洞悉、辨别”;diminish意为“(使)减少、变小”;displace意为“转移、取代”。只有derive符合句意。 70(B。 副词辨析。precisely意为“正好”;primarily意为“根本上、主要地”;progressively意为“日益增多地”;preliminarily意为“预备地、初步地”。根据上下文语义，只有primarily贴合句意。 71(C。 名词辨析。solicitor指“律师、法律顾问”;coward指“懦弱的人、胆小的人”;gossip指“爱说闲话的人”;rebel指“造反者、叛逆者”。根据上下文，答案为C。 72(A。 动词辨析。shrink意为“收缩、缩短”;delay意为“耽搁、延迟”;disperse意为“(使)分散、疏散”;sink意为“下沉”。形容经济、收入、规模缩小，一般用shrink。 73(B。 名词辨析。firm指“公司、商行”，常用于英国英语和口语中;company指“公司、同仁、伙伴、陪伴”;corporation指“法人团体”，在美国英语中指股份有限公司;enterprise指“企事业单位”。此处考查的并不是近义词辨析，而是一词多义，选择company，取“伙伴”之意才符合句意。 74(D。 动词辨析。enrich意为“使富足、施肥沃”;accommodate意为“调节、使适应”;adopt意为“采用、收养”;embrace意为“拥抱、包含”。此处取embrace“包含”一意。 75(A。 形容词辨析。overwhelming指“压倒性的”;overflowing指“溢出的、过剩的”;overtaking指“赶上的、超过的”;overloading指“超载的、负载的”。overwhelming majority指“绝大多数”。 76(B。 动词辨析。ensure意为“保证、担保”;assure意为“断然地说”;secure意为“保护”;insure意为“给„„保险”。只有assure符合句意。 77(D。 形容词辨析。swift意为“迅速的、敏捷的”;instant意为“立即的、紧迫的”;timely意为“及时的、适时的”;punctual意为“准时的”。此处表达遵守时间，用固定用法be punctual。 78(C。 介词短语。in line with意为“符合”;in favour of意为“赞同、支持”;in honour of意为“为纪念、为庆祝”;in place of意为“代替”。根据上下文，选择C符合题意。 79(D。 名词辨析。上文different提示空格处所填词汇的意思与其一致。conflict指“斗争、冲突”; confrontation指“面对、对质”;disturbance指“骚动、打扰”;disharmony指“不调和”，符合句意。 80(C。 形容词辨析。intrinsic意为“固有的、内在的”;ingenious意为“机灵的、有独创性的”; incompatible意为“性质相反的、矛盾的”;inherent意为“内在的、与生俱来的”。只有 incompatible的意思符合句意。 Part ? Reading Comprehension TEXT A [试题解析] 81(B。推断题;文章第二段第二句话所举的这个例子旨在说明其他演员及场景对主演的重要作用，这个例子可用来说明本段第一句与第三句阐明的道理，即特殊儿童所处的家庭及社会环境常常是他们成长和发展的关键，所以B正确。 82(C。细节题。文章三段第三句话说，过去30年间公共教育所表现出的对特殊儿童的巨大关注表明了存在于我们社会中的那种强烈的感受，即所有公民，不论情况特殊与否，都应该得到全面发展其能力的机会，可见C正确。 83(A。推断题。文章第四段提到“人人生来平等”对民主社会的教育有重要寓意。本段第五句话说最近的法庭裁决已再次确定了所有儿童——不论残疾与否——都有接受相适应的教育的权利，并已命令公立学校采取必要的措施来提供这种教育。这说明特殊儿童教育已得到法律保护，故A正确。 84(B。细节题。本文最后一句话提到学校作为对立法的回应要采取相应措施modifying their programs，adapting instruction以满足特殊儿童的需求，这里指的主要是一种修正(modify)和调整(adapt)，所以B正确。 85(D。主旨题。本文主要讲述特殊教育儿童要接受平等教育、得到全面发展，必须对其教育内容及方式进行调整以满足他们的需要，所以正确选项应为D。 TEXT B [试题解析] 86(C。推断题。文章第二段第一句说大部分布伦特合约都是在伦敦国际石油交易所(IPE)进行交易的;纽约商品交易所试图抢走IPE的交易量;本段第二句指出，新开张的交易所回应了伦敦国际石油交易所进行的现代化努力。由此看来，这两家交易所是竞争石油交易的对手，故C正确。 87(D。细节题。文章第一段介绍了纽约商品交易所在都柏林采用公开叫价的交易方式，第二段一开始就解释了原因trying to snatch liquidity from London's International petroleum Exchange，为此纽约交易所把注意力都集中在了西德州轻质原油这个美国交易基准上。由此可见，D为正确答案。 88(C。细节题。文章第三段第二句话中提到，来自“本地人”——那些自营商——的压力却起到了支持公开叫价的作用。可见C正确。 89(D。细节题。文章第四段介绍了目前都柏林这个交易所的经营情况，指出如果它迁到伦敦，成功的机会更大(stand a better chance)，但是它在爱尔兰开张是因为那里比伦敦能更快获得监管部门的批准，故答案为D。 90(A。推断题。文章第五段最后一句话说纽约商品交易所以前也曾涉足布伦特原油期货交易，但无功而返，可见它不是第一次尝试竞争布伦特原油期货合同，所以A正确。 91(C。推断题。根据文章最后两段，两家能源交易所因为交易内容相似，且两家都是著名交易所，这种市场局面最终将难以维系。作者提出了两家能否联手的问题，但有人认为两个交易所一静一动，很难合并，可见C正确。 TEXT C [试题解析] 92(A。细节题。文章第一段第三句话说但与斯波瑞格和欧波拉?温弗瑞主持的节目相比，没有哪两个节目能在内容上如此截然相反，而同时又都出类拔萃，可见A正确。 93(D。细节题。文章第二段介绍了杰瑞?斯波瑞格访谈节目的内容和特点，说它主要是展示和挖掘社会的道德灾难(society's moral catastrophes)，最后一句解释节目受欢迎的原因是人们对他人生活中令人好奇的困境兴趣盎然，因此D正确。 94(C。推断题。文章第三段主要介绍欧波拉?温弗瑞的节目，其中第二句提到节目关注社会和个人生活质量的改善。另外，第五段中提到欧波拉的节目很纯净(clean)，主要面向中产阶级 (middle-class Americans)。由此判断女性职业规划这样的话题应在其节目讨论的范围之内。而其他选项中提到的少年犯罪问题juvenile delinquency，离婚率问题divorce rate，种族仇恨racist hatred均属于社会道德灾难问题，有可能是斯波瑞格 访谈节目的内容。 95(B。推断题。斯波瑞格访谈节目与青年人有关，在节目 宣传 免费孕前优生健康检查孕期保健知识宣传1冬季预防流感知识宣传手足口病防知识宣传森林防火宣传内容 下他们明白了某些价值和教训;另外，杰 瑞结束节目时都用“结束语”，总结节目的全部寓意，希望这是大多数人能学到的很有价值的东西。欧波 拉的节目主要面对中产阶级，讨论社会生活中对大家有益的问题，如:教育孩子有责任感，安排一周的工 作，了解你的邻居等。由此可见，两个节目共同的特点是为其观众提供一些有意义的指导，故B为正确选 项。 96(D。细节题。文章最后一段说到两个节目虽然迥然不同，但多年来在访谈节目中一直占主导地位，二 者均可视为访谈节目界的先锋，可见D正确。 TEXT D [试题解析] 97(B。细节题。文章一开始就描述了小男孩挨家挨户推销产品是为了pay his way through school攒够学费， 所以B正确。 98(D。细节题。文章第二、三段讲到小男孩得到年轻女子赠与的一杯牛奶之后，不仅浑身是劲儿，而且 更加相信整个人类。在此之前，他本来都打算放弃了，可见D正确。 99(B。细节题。文章第六段讲述女病人在凯利医生的精心治疗下恢复健康，但是当她拿到药费通知单时 却不敢打开，因为她担心治病的费用将会花费她整个余生来偿还，因此答案为B。 100(D。主旨题。故事始于一杯牛奶，就是因为得到了一杯牛奶的鼓励，小男孩才更加相信人性的善良， 从而克服困难，成就自己的事业。当他遇到当年那位赠与他牛奶，帮助他了解人生真谛的恩人时，他不仅 治好了她的病，还替她出了医药费，用自己的善心回报了一杯牛奶的爱心。通过一杯牛奶的故事，启迪人 们施以爱心，不图回报。所以文章用“一杯牛奶”命名寓意更加深刻。 Part ? Writing Section A Composition [审题] 现代农业技术的发展可以使我们吃到更便宜的食物。但是，化肥、农药、机械等的使用也给人类健康 和社会带来了诸多问题和危险。题目要求考生就“农业新技术的危险”给出自己的观点并进行论证，典型 的观点论证型文章。 分析提纲，可知文章在结构上应该是:第一部分给出背景知识并提出自己对此问题的看法;第二部分 从两个方面论证自己的观点;第三段进行总结，重申自己的观点。参见MODELTEST ONE命题作文的结 构模版。 [范文] Dangers of New Farming Technology Blessed by the rapid development of modem technology, people now would be able to enjoy a larger variety of cheap food. Unfortunately, the improved methods have brought great benefits as well as risks that may threaten human health and society. Firstly, the safety of fertilized crops, vegetables and fruits is highly doubted. Admittedly, the adoption of fertilizers dramatically increased productivity and to some extent resolve the problem of starvation. However, a recent study has found such diseases as cancer and mental disorder had much to do with fertilizers used in farming. Similarly, pesticides on vegetables or fruits can hardly be removed completely and the residues become toxic to human body. These advanced methods also produced adverse impact on our living environment. Consumption of fuels and emission of gases by the farming machines may pollute the once clean and fresh air of countryside. Fertilizers could probably penetrate into soil, destroy microbe, and even change texture of it, which is by no means beneficial to soil conservation or the sustaining of ecological system. Besides, with machinery releasing people from burden of traditional manual work .and labor, country residents swarm into city to pursue better career development, which makes the already tight employment situation even worse. Furthermore, the increasingly large population in the city could lead to other social problems such as housing, traffic, medical care, education, and etc. To conclude, despite the progressive aspect of improved fertilizer and better machinery, we must be fully aware of the potential dangers produced, and make effort to eliminate the side effects so that the technology could serve human better. Section B Note-Writing [审题] 根据该部分给出的提示，可知这是一个询问便条: 1(便条开头交代时间、称呼。 2(正文内容: ?询问主题:简要介绍询问的内容，即俱乐部会员的详细情况。 ?具体细节:可以询问一些具体事项，如:入会资格、会费缴纳、会员待遇、活动等。 ?期待答复:希望对方尽快就所提问题给予答复。 ?表示感谢:就对方未来给予答复的行为表示感谢。 3(结束 格式 pdf格式笔记格式下载页码格式下载公文格式下载简报格式下载 :落款、签名。 [范文] May 9, 2007 Dear Sir, I am a freshman of Peking University and quite delighted to learn that your tennis club is just at the southwest earner of our campus. I am greatly interested in registering your club membership. So I would be grateful if you would be so kind as to provide me with certain essential information about the qualification, fees, available facilities and activities, and other relative details. I am looking forward .to your early reply. Thanks in advance. Sincerely yours, Tom 听力原文 Part ? Dictation More People Applying to MBA Programs There is more competition among adults applying to the nation's top MBA programs. A survey by the Graduate Management Admission Council found that two-thirds of fun-time MBA programs saw an increase in applications in 2006. That's compared to only 21% seen increases the year before. Part-time and executive MBA programs are also sifting through more applicants. It's not just members of the old boys club who are applying. The survey shows that more women and minorities axe looking to advance their careers with an advanced degree. So why are people applying now? Some suggest that the increase in applications could be a result of a slowing economy. More people are willing to attend school during a slowdown and hope things will pick up after graduation. Others see it as a career investment. Part ? Listening Comprehension Section A Conversations Questions 1 to 4 are based on the following conversation. M: Honey, the basketball game is about to start. And could you bring some chips and a bowl of ice cream? And... uh... a slice of pizza from the fridge. W: Anything else? M: Nope, that's all for now. Hey, honyou know, they're organizing a company basketball team, and I'm thinking about joining. What do you think? W: Humph. M: "Humph". What do you mean "Humph"? I was the star player in high school. W: Yeah, twenty-five years ago. Look, I just don't want you to have a heart attack running up and down the court. M: So, what are you suggesting? Should I just abandon the idea? I'm not that out of shape. W: Well... you ought to at least have a physical before you begin. I mean, it has been at least five years since you played at all. M: Well, OK, but... W: And you need to watch your diet and cut back on the fatty foods, like ice cream. And you should try eating more fresh fruits and vegetables. M: Yeah, you're probably right, W: And you should take up a little weight training to strengthen your muscles or perhaps try cycling to build up your cardiovascular system. Oh, and you need to go to bed early instead of watching TV half the night. M: Hey, you're starting to sound like my personal fitness instructor! W: No, I just love you, and I want you to be around for a long, long time. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the following conversation. M: Don, are you eating my tulips? W: Just having myself a little snack. M: Of my tulips? I brought those in here to brighten the place up, not for you to cat! And who eats flowers anyway? W: Have you seen that movie, Monsoon Wedding? There's a character who eats marigolds. And the other night at dinner I saw a guy with an orchid on the rim of his drink. The bartender said it was edible. And so I've done some investigating, and it turns out that many flowers are edible. M: Like what? W: Tulips, for instance. And lilacs and pansies and roses. Oh, plenty of flowers are edible. M: But why should anyone eat flowers? Do they have any nutritional value or are they delicious? W: Most people don't eat flowers in large enough quantifies to get too much from them nutritionally, but yes, flowers do contain nutrients — some more than others. Rosehips, for instance, are loaded with Vitamin C. In general, pollen is full of protein and tastes bland. Nectar is composed of sugars and some trace minerals, so it's usually sweet. M: And the petals? W: Petals can be bitter, sweet, savory, hot, or bland, you name it. The taste varies from flower to flower. And some petals are good sources of nutrients. Yellow flowers, for example, contain a lot of Vitamin A. M: You said some flowers are edible. What about the ones that aren't? W: Other flowers are poisonous. Also, if you show signs of an allergic reaction when you touch a particular flower — say, you develop a rash, then keep that kind of flower away from your plate! Use caution before you start serving up your flower garden for dinner. Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. W: Well, hi Mr. Brown. How's your apartment working out for you? M: Well Ms. Nelson. That's what I would like to talk to you about. Well, I want to talk to you about that noise! You see. Would you mind talking to the tenant in 4B and ask him to keep his music down, especially after 10:00? W: Oh. Who? Me? M: Why? Yes. The music is blaring almost every night, and it should be your job as manager to take care of things. W: Hey, I just collect the rent. Besides, the man living there is the owner's son, and he's a walking refrigerator. Hey, I'll see what I can do. Anything else? M: Well, yes. 'Could you talk to the owners of the property next door about the pungent odor drifting this way? W: Well, the area is zoned for agricultural and livestock use, so there's nothing much I can do about that. M: Well, what about the... That, that noise. W: What noise? I don't hear anything. M: There, there it is again. W: What noise? M: That noise. W: Oh, that noise. I guess the military has resumed its exercises on the artillery range. M: You have to be kidding. Can't anything be done about it? W: Why? Certainly, I've protested this activity, and these weekly activities should cease.., within the next three to five years. M: Hey, you never told me about these problems before I signed the rental agreement. Section B Passages Questions 11 to 14 are based on the following passage. In some large American city schools, as many as 20-40% of the students are absent each day. There are two major reasons for such absences: one is sickness, and the other is truancy. That is staying away from school without permission. Since school officials can't do much about the illness, they are concentrating on reducing the number of truancy. One of the most promising schemes has been tried in Florida. The pupils there with good attendance have been given free hamburgers, toys and T-shirts. Classes are told if they show improved rates of attendance, they can win additional gifts. At the same time, teachers are encouraged to inspire their students to come to school regularly. When those teachers are successful, they are also rewarded. "We've been punishing truancy for years, but that hasn't brought them back to school," one school principal said. Now we are trying the positive approach. Not only do you learn by showing up every day, but you earn. In San Francisco, the board of education has had a somewhat similar idea. Schools that show a decrease in deliberate destruction of property can receive the amount of money that would be spent on repairs and replacements. For example, 12,000 dollars had been set 'aside for a school's property damages every year. Since repair expenses of damaged property required only 4,000 dollars, the remaining 8,000 dollars was turned over to the student activity fund. "Our democracy operates on hope and encouragement," said the school board member. "Why not provide some positive goals for students and teachers to aim at?" Questions 15 to 17 are based on the following passage. Italy enjoyed a highly developed and specialized civilization from about 264 B. C. until the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 A.D. Important contributions were made in arts, science, education, religion, and architecture. Remains of Roman aqueducts and amphitheaters can still be seen in various parts of Africa and Europe today. Probably the most lasting of the Roman heritage to the world can be found in law based on Roman legal principles as found in England, Latin America, and the United States, as well as the Roman alphabet which forms the basis of many languages among which are English, Spanish, and German. Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. Welcome to Physiology 100. I'm Doctor Ann Roberts. I assume everyone here is a sophomore, since this is the Nursing Department second-year physiology course. If you are first-year nursing students, please see me after class about transferring into introductory course. OK, I'd like to begin my first lecture by introducing two important terms, vitalism versus mechanism. How many of you have heard of these terms? Oh, I see sorae of you have. Well, vitalism and mechanism are two completely opposite approaches to human physiology. According to the vitalist, the laws of physics and chemistry alone can not explain the processes of life. To the vitalist, there is a so-called vital force, and this vital force is totally separate from that of energy. As you may have guessed, vitalism is a kind of philosophical approach. Mechanism, on the other hand, is the view that all life phenomena, no matter how complex, can be explained according to chemical and physical laws. Since we can support mechanism through scientific experimentation, the modern scientist tends to be a mechanist. But vitalism is not totally dismissed, especially in fields such as brain physiology, where terms such as human consciousness haven't been defined yet in physic-chemical terms. I recently read an interesting article that dealt with this very question. Is the mind separate from brain, or is the mind only the chemical and physiological workings of the brain.'? I'd like to continue with this next time, so that we can speak in more detail. I have some copies of that article. And I want you to take it with you and read it for next week. Section C News Broadcast News Item 1 The official route of the Olympic torch for next year's games in Beijing has run into a political controversy. The itinerary would take the torch from Taiwan to Chinese territory of Macao and Hong Kong. Taiwan, which China regards as a breakaway province, has rejected that. Plans to bring the Olympic torch to Taiwan were always going to be controversial given the differences between China and Taiwan over the island status. Within an hour of the route being announced, Taiwan's Olympic committee had angrily rejected the arrangements. The chair of the committee issued a statement saying Beijing was trying to incorporate Taiwan into the domestic part of torch relay that belittling the island status. News Item 2 The U. S. Treasury Department says Macau is now set to unblock frozen North Korean funds, in a possible breakthrough in the efforts to dismantle Pyongyang's nuclear program. The Treasury has issued a statement which also said Washington would support the decision by authorities in Macau to release the 25 million dollars in North Korean assets now frozen in a Macau hank. Earlier, top U.S. nuclear negotiator Christopher Hill described as "positive" reports that North Korea will allow UN inspectors into the country as soon as the financial dispute is resolved. News Item 3 Iraqi security officials say a suicide car bomber struck a police checkpoint in western Ramadi today, killing at least 20 people and wounding 30 others. The top local police official said two policemen were among the dead. Ramadi is the capital of the restive al-Anbar province, which has been a stronghold of Sunni insurgency. But recently many tribes have switched sides and joined the Iraqi police and army in an attempt to expel al-Qaida in Iraq fighters from their region. Separately, reports say U. S. and Iraqi forces have moved into the southern city of Diwaniyah in an operation to stop increasing influence of Shiite militia loyal to anti-American cleric Moqtada al-Sadr. News Item 4 The Indian government has given its approval to a merger between the country's two state-run airlines. Key government ministers gave their consent to a merger between Air India and Indian Airlines despite opposition from leftist politicians concerned about the welfare of the airlines' employees. Indian civil aviation officials predict the merger will save more than 150 million dollars annually without any job cum. The two legacy carriers have been losing money for years despite a boom in air travel here. Indian Airlines traditionally flew domestic routes, while Air 'India was the international flag carrier. Less than five years ago India had only three airlines. There are now ten, including several low-cost carriers. The merger of the two state-run airlines is set to start March 31st, and industry watchers say the merged carriers could eventually be partly or fully privatized. News Item 5 Japan share prices closed lower today. The Nikkei Average fell by nearly 101 points. Meanwhile oil prices were flat in Asian trading. Traders were looking ahead to the midweek U.S. petroleum inventory report which is likely to show rising cool stocks and falling gasoline and distillate supplies. That report is due out tomorrow. U.S. light crude for May delivery was down just 3 cents to $ 63.58 a barrel in electronic trading on the New York Mercantile Exchange.