首页 (精心整理)00794 综合英语一

(精心整理)00794 综合英语一

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(精心整理)00794 综合英语一上册LessonOneTheTimeMessage ElwoodN.ChapmanLearningGuide  新的学习任务开始之际,千头万绪,最重要的是安排好时间,做时间的主人。本文作者提出了7点具体建议,或许对你有所启迪。 1 Timeistricky.Itisdifficulttocontrolandeasytowaste.Whenyoulookahead,youthinkyouhavemoretimethanyouneed.Forexample,atthebeginningofasemester,youma...

(精心整理)00794 综合英语一
上册 三年级上册必备古诗语文八年级上册教案下载人教社三年级上册数学 pdf四年级上册口算下载三年级数学教材上册pdf LessonOneTheTimeMessage ElwoodN.ChapmanLearningGuide  新的学习任务开始之际,千头万绪,最重要的是安排好时间,做时间的主人。本文作者提出了7点具体建议,或许对你有所启迪。 1 Timeistricky.Itisdifficulttocontrolandeasytowaste.Whenyoulookahead,youthinkyouhavemoretimethanyouneed.Forexample,atthebeginningofasemester,youmayfeelthatyouhaveplentyoftimeonyourhands.Buttowardtheendofthetermyoumaysuddenlyfindthattimeisrunningout.Youdon'thaveenoughtimetocoverallyourduties,soyougetworried.Whatistheanswer?Control!2 Timeisdangerous.Ifyoudon'tcontrolit,itwillcontrolyou.Ifyoudon'tmakeitworkforyou,itwillworkagainstyou.Soyoumustbecomethemasteroftime,notitsservant.Asafirst-yearcollegestudent,timemanagementwillbeyournumberoneproblem.3 Timeisvaluable.Wastingtimeisabadhabit.Itislikeadrug.Themoretimeyouwaste,theeasieritistogoonwastingtime.Ifyouseriouslywishtogetthemostoutofcollege,youmustputthetimemessageintopractice.Message1.Controltimefromthebeginning.4 Timeistoday,nottomorrowornextweek.Startyourplanatthebeginningoftheterm.Message2.Getthenotebookhabit.5 Goandbuyanotebooktoday.Useittoplanyourstudytimeeachday.Onceaweeklystudyplanisprepared,followthesamepatterneveryweekwithsmallchanges.Sundayisagooddaytomaketheplanforthefollowingweek.Message3.Berealistic.6 Oftenyouknowfromexperiencehowlongittakesyoutowriteashortessay,tostudyforaquiz,ortoreviewforafinalexam.Whenyouplantimeforthesethings,berealistic.Allowforunexpectedthings.Otherwiseyourentireplanmaybeupset.Message4.Planatleastonehourforeachhourinclass.7 Howmuchstudytimeyouplanforeachclassroomhourdependsonfourthings:(1)yourability,(2)thedifficultyoftheclass,(3)thegradesyouhopetoachieve,and(4)howwellyouuseyourstudytime.Onething,however,iscertain:youshouldplanatleastonehourofstudyforeachclassroomhour.Inmanycases,twoorthreehourswillberequired.Message5.Keepyourplanflexible.8 Itisimportantthatyoure-planyourtimeonaweeklybasissothatyoucanmakecertainchangeswhennecessary.Forexample,beforemid-termorfinalexams,youwillwanttogivemoretimetoreviewing.Agoodplanmustbealittleflexiblesothatspecialprojectscanbedonewell.Message6.Studyforsometimeeachclassday.9 Somesolidworkeachdayisbetterthanmanystudyhoursonedayandnothingthenext.Whenyouworkoutyourschedule,trytoincludeatleasttwostudyhourseachday.Thiswillnotonlykeepthestudyhabitalivebutalsokeepyouuptodateonyourclassassignments.Message7.FreeonSaturday--studyonSunday.10 Itisgoodtostopallstudyactivitiesforonefullday.ManystudentschooseSaturdayforsportsorsocialactivities.Sunday,ontheotherhand,seemstobethebeststudydayformanystudents.Itisagooddaytocatchuponbackreadingandotherassignments.LessonTwoHansChristianAndersen'sOwnFairyTale(I) DonaldandLouisePeattieLearningGuide  也许你不是出生于名门望族或书香门第,也许你生来并不聪慧,但只要你刻苦努力、坚持不懈、发挥自己的专长,在适合你的领域一定会成功。闻名遐尔的丹麦作家安徒生的故事——这只从鸭圈里飞出来的天鹅本身的经历可能会对你有所启发。 1 OnceuponatimetherewasapoorboywholivedinDenmark.Hisfather,ashoemaker,haddied,andhismotherhadmarriedagain.2 OnedaytheboywenttoaskafavorofthePrinceofDenmark.WhenthePrinceaskedhimwhathewanted,theboysaid,“IwanttowriteplaysinpoetryandtoactattheRoyalTheater.”ThePrincelookedattheboy,athisbighandsandfeet,athisbignoseandlargeseriouseyes,andgaveasensibleanswer.“Itisonethingtoactinplays,anothertowritethem.Itellyouthisforyourowngood;learnausefultradelikeshoemaking.”3 Sotheboy,whowasnotsensibleatall,wenthome.Therehetookwhatlittlemoneyhehad,saidgood-byetohismotherandhisstepfatherandstartedouttoseekhisfortune.HewassurethatsomedaythenameHansChristianAndersenwouldbeknownalloverDenmark.4 Tobelievesuchastoryonewouldhavetobelieveinfairytales!HansChristianknewmanysuchtales.Hehadheardsomeofthemfromhisfather,whohadworkedhardathistrade,butlikedtoreadbetterthantomakeshoes.Intheevenings,hehadreadaloudfromTheArabianNights.Hiswifeunderstoodverylittleofthebook,buttheboy,pretendingtosleep,understoodeveryword.5 Byday,HansChristianwenttoahousewhereoldwomenworkedasweavers.Therehelistenedtothetalesthatthewomentoldastheyworkedattheirweaving.Inthosedays,therewerealmostasmanytalesinDenmarkastherewerepeopletotellthem.6 AmongthetalestoldinthetownofOdense,whereAndersenwasbornin1805,wasoneaboutafairywhobroughtdeathtothosewhodancedwithher.Tothistale,HansChristianlateraddedastoryfromhisownlife.7 Once,whenhisfatherwasstillalive,ayoungladyorderedapairofredshoes.Whensherefusedtopayforthem,unhappinessfilledthepoorshoemaker'shouse.Fromthatsmalltragedyandthestoryofthedancingfairy,theshoemaker'ssonyearslaterwrotethestorythatmillionsofpeoplenowknowasTheRedShoes.ThegeniusofAndersenisthatheputsomuchofeverydaylifeintothewonderofhisfairytales.8 WhenHansChristian'smotherwasalittlegirl,shewassentoutonthestreetstobeg.Shedidnotwanttobeg,soshesatoutofsightunderoneofthecitybridges.Shewarmedhercoldfeetinherhands,forshehadnoshoes.Shewasafraidtogohome.Yearslater,herson,inhispityforherandhisangerattheworld,wrotetheangrystoryShe'sNoGoodandthefamoustaleTheLittleMatchGirl.9 Throughhisgenius,hechangedeveryearlyexperience,evenhisfather'sdeath,intoafairytale.Onecolddaytheboyhadstoodlookingatthewhitepatternsformedonthewindowbythefrost.Hisfathershowedhimawhite,'woman-likefigureamongthefrostpatterns.“ThatistheSnowQueen,”saidtheshoemaker.“Soonshewillbecomingforme.”Afewmonthslaterhewasdead.Andyearslater,Andersenturnedthatsadexperienceintoafairytale,TheSnowQueen.10 AfterthePrincetoldhimtolearnatrade,HansChristianwenttoCopenhagen.Hewasjustfourteenyearsoldatthetime.11 Whenhearrivedinthecity,hewenttoseeasmanyimportantpeopleashecouldfind—dancers,writersandtheaterpeopleofCopenhagen.Butnoneofthemlentahelpinghandtotheboywiththebighands,thebigfeetandthebignose.Finally,hehadjustsevenpenniesleft.12 Theboyhadabeautifulhigh,clearvoice.Onedayamusicteacherheardhimsinginganddecidedtohelphim.Hecollectedmoneyfromhisfriendsandgaveittotheboysothathecouldbuyfoodandclothingwhilehestudiedsinging.13 HansChristianwashappierthanhehadeverbeeninhislife.Butsoonhisboy'svoicebroke.Thebeautifulhighvoicewasgoneforever.14 Theboysoonfoundnewfriendswhoadmiredhisgenius.Therewasevenaprincesswhogavehimalittlemoneyfromtimetotimeforfoodandclothes.ButHansChristianboughtlittlefoodandnoclothes.Instead,heboughtbooksandwenttothetheater.LessonThreeHansChristianAndersen'sOwnFairyTale(Ⅱ) DonaldandLouisePeattieLearningGuide  这只鸭圈里飞出的天鹅所讲的故事老少皆宜,虽然故事使用的是孩子们能听懂的语言、孩子们喜闻乐见的情节,但却又包含生活真谛、寓意深长。功成名就的“丑小鸭”一如既往,保持着他那平常、善良的心态,对权贵不卑不亢,对以往没有善待他的人不计前嫌。他把爱献给上帝,献给人类。1 InCopenhagen,HansChristianlivedinanatticinanoldhouse,wherehehadagoodviewofthecity.Buttherewasonebigfactthathecouldnotseerightunderhisownnose.Theplaysandpoetrythathewrotewerenotverygood.2 HansChristianmadefriendswithafewkindpeople.AmongthemwasJonasCollinoftheRoyalTheater.Thiskindmancollectedfundsfromfriendstosendtheyoungwritertoschool.Hansfeltmostateasewithchildren.Heatehisdinnerinturnatthehomesofsixfriends.Ineachhomethechildrenbeggedhimforstories.3 Hanstoldatalesovividlythatyoucouldseeandheartoysoldiersmarchingandtoyhorsesgalloping.Andhecouldmakethemostwonderfulpapercuts.ThesearekepttodayintheAndersenMuseum,whichisinthehousewherehewasborninOdense.4 Andersenremainedsingleallhislife.ThegoodCollinfamily—threegenerationsofthem—becameallthefamilyhewasevertohave.Theyalllovedhim,buttheyadvisedhimnottowriteanymorepoetryandplays,andtotrytogetagovernmentjob.Theytalkedashelatermadetheanimalstalkinhisstories:"Itellyouthisforyourowngood,"saidtheHentotheUglyDuckling,“youshouldlearntolayeggslikeme.”InTheUglyDucklingHansChristiantoldthestoryofhisownlife.5 Whenhisfirstbookoffairytaleswaspublishedin1835,Andersendidn'tthinkitwouldbesuccessful,butchildrenreadthestoriesandwantedmore.So,encouragedbytheirinterest,hebeganwhatweknowtodayashisgreatwork.For37years,anewbookofAndersen'sfairytalescameouteachChristmas.Thebookswerefullofeverydaytruth,ofwonder,ofsadbeauty,ofhumor.Childrenandtheirparentshadneverreadsuchtalesbefore.6 Andersen'stalesareapoet'swayoftellingusthetruthaboutourselves.Helookeddeeplyintotheheartofthings.Eveninachild'stoylostinthestreet,hecouldseesomestorywiththelightofgoldinit.AllofuslaughatthehumorofTheEmperor'sNewClothes,butwerememberthestoryeverytimemenpretendtobesomethingthattheyarenot.7 Althoughhewasnowfamous,hewasmorekind-heartedthanever.Onedayonthestreethemetamanwhohadoncetreatedhimbadly.Theoldandunhappymansaidthathewassorryforwhathehaddone.Andersenforgavethemanandcomfortedhim.ThePrincewhohadtoldAndersentolearnausefultradewasnowtheKing.Heinvitedthewritertohispalaceandtoldhimthathemightaskforanyfavor.Andersenrepliedsimply,"ButIdon'tneedanythingatall."8 Hewasalreadylovedallovertheworld.Theawkwardfigureandkinduglyfacehadbecomesofamousthathisfriends,thechildren,recognizedhimwhereverhewas.Hisbooksweretranslatedintomanydifferentlanguagesandreadallovertheworld.HewasreceivedattheroyalcourtsofEuropeandadmiredbymanykings.9 Thegreatestwritersoftheday,fromDickenstoVictorHugo,lookeduponhimasoneofthemselves.Amongthem,heatlastlearnedhappilythat"itdoesn'tmatterifyouareborninaduck-yard,aslongasyoucomefromaswan'segg."10 Happiestofallwasthedayhereturnedtothe"duck-yard,"nearly50yearsafterhehadleftit.AllOdensetookpartinthegreatcelebrationfortheshoemaker'ssonwhowasnowtheprinceoffairytales.Agreatdinnerwasheldinhishonor.Thatnight,hundredsofpeoplecametohiswindowandcalledtohim.Whatwastheninhisfullheart—thatgentleheartthathadbeenlonelyforsolong—wasbestexpressedinhisownwords:"ToGodandman,mythanks,mylove."LessonFourThisLife SidneyPoitierLearningGuide  看过《猜一猜谁来吃晚饭》或《在炎热的夏夜里》的人一定会对美国著名黑人演员悉尼?波蒂埃的演技赞叹不已。可是你是否知道他在试图进入演艺圈时,曾被导演轰下舞台,因为他连台词都不会念——不认识的字太多。他又是怎样迈开第一步的呢?且听他娓娓道来。1 ItisthefirsttimeIhaveeverbeenonastage—Idon'tevenknowwhatastagelookslike—butI'muptherenowandIopenthis"script,"butIdon'tknowwhatitis.Thedirectortellsmetoreadthepartof“John.”EverywhereIsee"John"Imustreadeverythingunderthat.2 ThenIseehimsittinginafrontseatstaringatmewiththestrangestlook.Hesays,"Getoffthatstage."Isay,"Whatdoyoumean?"Hesays,"Justcomeondownoffthatstageandstopwastingmytime.You'renoactor.Youdon'tevenknowhowtoread."3 Ileaveandwalkoffdown135thStreetsayingtomyself,"Youcanhardlyread.Youcan'tbeanactorandyou'renotabletoread."Ibegintothinkaboutwhathe'ssaidtome.NowIknowIcan'treadtoowell.HereIam,eighteenyearsofage,andifIlivetobeeighty,forthenextsixty-twoyearsI'mgoingtobeadishwasher.I'mnotgoingtobeabletomakepeoplenoticeme.4 Duringthenextsixmonths,Ispentasmuchtimeaspossiblereading.OneoftherestaurantsIworkedinduringthatperiodwasinAstoria,LongIsland.Theworkwashardandheavy,butwewouldhavemostofthedishesclearedawayby11:00or11:15p.m.Itwasmycustomtositoutnearthekitchendoorandreadthenewspaper.5 Atthewaiters'tabletherewasanoldJewishmanwhousedtowatchmetryingtoreadthatpaper.Iaskedhimonenightwhatawordmeant,andhetoldme.Ithankedhimandwentbacktomypaper.Hewentonwatchingmeforafewsecondsandthensaid,“Doyourunacrossalotofwordsyoudon'tunderstand?”Isaid,"Alot—becauseI'mjustbeginningtolearntoreadwell,"andhesaid,"I'llsitwithyouhereandworkwithyouforawhile."6 Soatabouteleveneverynightwhenhesatdownforhismeal,Iwouldcomeoutofthekitchenandsitdownnexttohimandreadarticlesfromthefrontpageofthepaper.WhenIranintoawordIdidn'tknow(andIdidn'tknowhalfofthearticle,becauseanywordlongerthanacoupleofsyllablesgavemetrouble)beexplainedthemeaningofthewordandgavemethepronunciation.Thenhe'dsendmebacktothesentencesoIcouldunderstandthewordincontext.7 ThenIwouldtakethepaperawaywithme,armednowwiththemeaningofthosewords,andrereadandrereadthearticlesothatthemeaningofthosewordswouldgetlockedintomymemory.Everyeveningwedidthat.8 IstayedthereatthatjobforaboutfiveorsixweeksandIlearnedfromhimawaytostudy,andthenIwentofftootherjobs.IhaveneverbeenabletothankhimproperlybecauseIneverknewthenwhatanenormouscontributionhewasmakingtomylife.Hewaswonderful,andalittlebitofhimisineverythingIdo.9 Afterthat,Ialwayslookedforthemeaningofwords,andwhenIranintowordsIcouldn'tpronounceanddidn'tunderstand,IwouldworkonthemuntilIbegantounderstand.Iwouldkeepgoingoverandoverthesentencetheywerein,andafterawhileIwouldbegintogetanideaofwhatthewordmeantjustbyrepeatingthesentence.Thatbecameahabit,asdidalltheotherthingsheleftmewith.LessonFiveNightWatch RoyPopkinLearningGuide  市场经济的潮水极大地冲击着人与人之间的关系。人们似乎认为亲情薄如蝉翼,陌生人之间还能有什么爱心与关怀。可是一位海军陆战队队员的行为恰好说明关心他人之人大有人在。请看他是怎样做的。1 ThestorybeganonadowntownBrooklynstreetcorner.Anelderlymanhadcollapsedwhilecrossingthestreet,andanambulancerushedhimtoKingsCountyHospital.There,whenhecametonowandagain,themanrepeatedlycalledforhisson.2 Fromawornletterfoundinhispocket,anemergency-roomnurselearnedthathissonwasaMarinestationedinNorthCarolina.Itseemedtherewerenootherrelatives.3 SomeoneatthehospitalcalledtheRedCrossofficeinBrooklyn,andarequestfortheboytorushtoBrooklynwassenttotheRedCrossdirectoroftheNorthCarolinaMarineCorpscamp.Becausetimewasshort—thepatientwasdying—theRedCrossmanandofficersetoutinajeep.Theyfoundtheyoungmanwadingthroughsomemarshesinamilitaryexercise.Hewasrushedtotheairportintimetocatchtheoneplanethatmightenablehimtoreachhisdyingfather.4 Itwasmid-eveningwhentheyoungMarinewalkedintotheentrancelobbyofKingsCountyHospital.Anursetookthetired,anxiousservicemantothebedside.5 “Yoursonishere,”shesaidtotheoldman.Shehadtorepeatthewordsseveraltimesbeforethepatient'seyesopened.ThemedicinehehadbeengivenbecauseofthepainfromhisheartattackmadehiseyesweakandheonlydimlysawtheyoungmaninMarineCorpsuniformstandingoutsidetheoxygentent.Hereachedouthishand.TheMarinewrappedhisstrongfingersaroundtheoldman'slimpones,squeezingamessageofloveandencouragement.Thenursebroughtachair,sotheMarinecouldsitbythebed.6 Nightsarelonginhospitals,butallthroughthenighttheyoungMarinesatthereinthedimly-litward,holdingtheoldman'shandandofferingwordsofhopeandstrength.Occasionally,thenursesuggestedthattheMarinerestforawhile.Herefused.7 Wheneverthenursecameintotheward,theMarinewasthere,buthepaidnoattentiontoherandthenightnoisesofthehospital—theclankingofanoxygentank,thelaughterofnight-staffmembersexchanginggreetings,thecriesandmoansandsnoresofotherpatients.Nowandthensheheardhimsayafewgentlewords.Thedyingmansaidnothing,onlyheldtightlytohissonthroughmostofthenight.8 Itwasnearlydawnwhenthepatientdied.TheMarineplacedonthebedthelifelesshandhehadbeenholding,andwenttotellthenurse.Whileshedidwhatshehadtodo,hesmokedacigarette—hisfirstsincehegottothehospital.9 Finally,shereturnedtothenurse'sstation,wherehewaswaiting.Shestartedtoofferwordsofsympathy,buttheMarineinterruptedher.“Whowasthatman?”heasked.10 "Hewasyourfather,"sheanswered,startled.11 "No,hewasn't,"theMarinereplied."Ineversawhimbeforeinmylife."12 "Whydidn'tyousaysomethingwhenItookyoutohim?"thenurseasked.13"Iknewimmediatelythere'dbeenamistake,butIalsoknewheneededhisson,andhissonjustwasn'there.WhenIrealizedhewastoosicktotellwhetherornotIwashisson,Iguessedhereallyneededme.SoIstayed."14 Withthat,theMarineturnedandleftthehospital.TwodayslateramessagecameinfromtheNorthCarolinaMarineCorpsbaseinformingtheBrooklynRedCrossthattherealsonwasonhiswaytoBrooklynforhisfather'sfuneral.ItturnedouttherehadbeentwoMarineswiththesamenameandsimilarnumbersinthecamp.Someoneinthepersonnelofficehadpulledoutthewrongrecord.15 ButthewrongMarinehadbecometherightsonattherighttime.Andheproved,inaveryhumanway,thattherearepeoplewhocarewhathappenstotheirfellowmen.LessonSixHowDictionariesAreMade S.I.HayakawaLearningGuide  从我们上小学起,词典就成了我们学习中不可缺少的朋友。可是,词典是怎样编写出来的?是先由学者、专家们给每个词写出定义,然后搜集例句加以说明吗?词典是人人应当尊重的权威吗?什么样的词典是好词典?在这篇课文里一位著名语义学家回答了上述问题,他的见解对于语言学习有一定的指导意义。1 Itiswidelybelievedthateverywordhasacorrectmeaning,thatwelearnthesemeaningsmainlyfromteachersandgrammars,andthatdictionariesandgrammarbooksarethehighestauthorityinmattersofmeaningandusage.Fewpeopleaskbywhatauthoritythewritersofdictionariesandgrammarssaywhattheysay.IoncegotintoanargumentwithanEnglishwomanoverthepronunciationofawordandofferedtolookitupinthedictionary.TheEnglishwomansaidfirmly,“Whatfor?IamEnglish.IwasbornandbroughtupinEngland.ThewayIspeakisEnglish.”Suchconfidenceaboutone'sownlanguageisnotuncommonamongtheEnglish.IntheUnitedStates,however,anyonewhoiswillingtoquarrelwiththedictionaryisregardedasoutofhismind.2 Letusseehowdictionariesaremadeandhowtheeditorsarriveatdefinitions(arriveat).Whatfollowsappliesonlytothosedictionaryofficeswherefirsthandresearchgoeson—notthoseinwhicheditorssimplycopyexistingdictionaries.Thetaskofwritingadictionarybeginswithreadinghugeamountsoftheliteratureoftheperiodorsubjectthatthedictionaryistocover.Astheeditorsread,theycopyoncardseveryunusualuseofacommonword,alargenumberofcommonwordsintheirordinaryuses,andalsothesentencesinwhicheachofthesewordsappears.3 Thatistosay,thecontextofeachwordiscollected,alongwiththeworditself.Forareallybigjobofdictionarywriting,suchastheOxfordEnglishDictionary,millionsofsuchcardsarecollected,andthetaskofeditingoccupiesdecades.Asthecardsarecollected,theyarearrangedinalphabeticalorder.Whenthesortingiscompleted,therewillbeforeachwordanywherefromtwoorthreetoseveralhundredsentences,eachonitscard,whichillustratethemeaninganduseoftheword.4 Todefineaword,then,thedictionaryeditorplacesbeforehimallthecardsillustratingthatword;eachofthecardsrepresentsanactualuseofthewordbyawriterofsomeimportance.Hereadsthecardscarefully,throwsawaysome,rereadstherest,anddividesthemupaccordingtowhathethinksaretheseveralsensesoftheword.Finally,hewriteshisdefinitions,followingthehard-and-fastrulethateachdefinitionmustbebasedonwhatthesentencesinfrontofhimshowaboutthemeaningsoftheword.Theeditorcannotbeinfluencedbywhathethinksagivenwordoughttomean.Hemustworkaccordingtothecards,ornotatall.5 Thewritingofadictionary,therefore,isnotataskofsettinguprulingstatementsaboutthe“truemeanings”ofwords,butataskofrecording,tothebestofone'sability,whatvariouswordshavemeanttoauthorsinthedistantorimmediatepast.Thewriterofadictionaryisahistorian,notalawgiver.If,forexample,wehadbeenwritingadictionaryin1890,orevenaslateas1919,wecouldhavesaidthattheword“broadcast”means“toscatter”(seed,forexample),butwecouldnothavelaiddownthatfrom1919onthemostcommonmeaningofthewordshouldbecome“tosendoutprogramsbyradioortelevision.”Toregardthedictionaryasan"authority,"therefore,istolookuponthedictionarywriterasbeingabletoseeintothefuture,whichneitherhenoranyoneelsecando.Inchoosingourwordswhenwespeakorwrite,wecanbeguidedbythehistoricalrecordprovidedforusbythedictionary,butweshouldnotbeboundbyit,becausenewsituations,newexperiences,newinventions,newfeelingsarealwaysmakingusgivenewusestooldwords.LessonSevenLoveofLife JackLondonLearningGuide  20世纪科学技术的突飞猛进,极大地改善了人类的生活。现代人的生存能力越来越弱。可谁又能保证自己一生中不会遭遇灾难,不会面临生死存亡的关头?美国著名作家杰克?伦敦在其名篇《热爱生命》中告诉我们在极其恶劣的环境中怎样坚持下去,克服重重困难以求得生存。1 Twomenwalkedslowly,oneaftertheother,throughtheshallowwaterofastream.Alltheycouldseewerestonesandearth.Thestreamrancoldovertheirfeet.Theyhadblanketpacksontheirbacks.Theyhadguns,butnobullets;matches,butnofood.2 Suddenlythemanwhofollowedfelloverastone.Hehurthisfootbadlyandcalled:“Hey,Bill,I'vehurtmyfoot.”Billcontinuedstraightonwithoutlookingback.3 Themanwasaloneintheemptyland,buthewasnotlost.Heknewthewaytotheircamp,wherehewouldfindfoodandbullets.Hestruggledtohisfeetandlimpedon.Billwouldbewaitingforhimthere,andtogethertheywouldgosouthtotheHudsonBayCompany.Hehadnoteatenfortwodays.Oftenhestoppedtopicksomesmallberriesandputthemintohismouth.Theberriesweretasteless,anddidnotsatisfy,butheknewhemusteatthem.4 Intheeveninghebuiltafireandsleptlikeadeadman.Whenhewokeup,themantookoutasmallsack.Itweighedfifteenpounds.Hewasn'tsureifhecouldcarryitanylonger.Buthecouldn'tleaveitbehind.Hehadtotakeitwithhim.Heputitbackintohispack,rosetohisfeetandstaggeredon.5 Hisfoothurt,butitwasnothingcomparedwithhishunger,whichmadehimgoonuntildarknessfell.Hisblanketwaswet,butheknewonlythathewashungry.Throughhisrestlesssleephedreamedofbanquetsandoffood.Themanwokeupcoldandsick,andfoundhimselflost.Butthesmallsackwasstillwithhim.Ashedraggedhimselfalong,thesackbecameheavierandheavier.Themanopenedthesack,whichwasfullofsmallpiecesofgold.Helefthalfthegoldonarock.6 Elevendayspassed,daysofrainandcold.Onedayhefoundthebonesofadeer.Therewasnomeatonthem.Themanbrokethebonesandhesuckedandchewedonthemlikeananimal.Wouldhe,too,bebonestomorrow?Andwhynot?Thiswaslife.Onlylifehurt.Therewasnohurtindeath.Todiewastosleep.Thenwhywashenotreadytodie?He,asaman,nolongerstrove.Itwasthelifeinhim,unwillingtodie,thatdrovehimon.7 Onemorninghewokeupbesideariver.Slowlyhefolloweditwithhiseyesandsawitemptyingintoashiningsea(emptyinto).Whenhesawashiponthesea,heclosedhisey
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