反应条件对化学平衡的影响教学设计

反应条件对化学平衡的影响教学 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 temporary electricity security construction organization design; large mechanical of loaded, and split construction programme; labour protection technology measures requirements, and plans; dangerous parts and way process, especially construction risk degree larger project should for technology argument, take corresponding of security technology measures; on special process and the new process, and equipment, and facilities, and material of using, should targeted of special security requirements and operation provides; Divide key positions in a construction site fire and flammability, fire equipment and facility configurations, welding approval, fire inspection, duty Fireman's activities, must devise appropriate systems and measures should also have safety signs at construction site layout master plan. These types of technical measures and requirements subject to the superior technical Department for approval, Chief supervision engineer to review implementation. In order to ensure the implementation of safety measures, should be organized to staff resources for implementation. Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman detailed low-down; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the foreman gives the low-down. ? safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. ? the type operators for safe operation of the sub-item project technology gives the low-down, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction site to create). ? foremen on construction jobs in the process of releasing production tasks at the same time, the need for security disclosure. ? production assurance system approval requirements in accordance with fire safety provisions of that document. Scaffolding safety technology to give the low-down on 4-2 construction organization name project name construction Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman detailed low-down; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the foreman gives the low-down. ? safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. ? the type operators for safe operation of the sub-item project technology gives the low-down, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction site 《反应条件对化学平衡的影响》教学设计 1.氯化钴溶液变色原理 课时 1 课 题 2.乙酸乙酯水解反应条件比较 1、通过实验加深对可逆反应的了解和认识。。 2、通过实验加深对化学平衡移动的理解。 教学目标 3、学习乙酸乙酯水解反应条件的控制。 4、用实验的 方法 快递客服问题件处理详细方法山木方法pdf计算方法pdf华与华方法下载八字理论方法下载 了解和初步探究温度、浓度、压强等因素对化学平衡的影响。 教学重点: 实验 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 的设计 教学重难点 教学难点:实验方案的评价 教学具准备 课件 超市陈列培训课件免费下载搭石ppt课件免费下载公安保密教育课件下载病媒生物防治课件 可下载高中数学必修四课件打包下载 、学生实验仪器和试剂等 教学过程: 一、导入 1、实验基本原理及其在实验化学中的作用 实验一:氯化钴溶液变色原理 在氯化钴溶液中，存在着如下平衡: 将溶液稀释时，平衡向正方向移动，溶液的颜色由蓝色逐渐变为粉红色，增大Cl-的浓度，会使平衡向逆方向移动，溶液逐渐变为蓝色。 二氯化钴的水合物在加热时会逐渐失水，呈现不同的颜色，因为存在下列平衡，温度改变，平衡发生移动。 实验二:乙酸乙酯水解反应条件比较 乙酸乙酯的水解: 中性时，即使加热，水解速率也很慢，而酸或碱对它有催化作用。酸可加速此反应达到平衡，而碱不仅起到催化作用，还可中和产物中的酸，使平衡向正方向移动。因此，用碱作催化剂水解效果更好。 本课题主要研究浓度、温度、压强、酸度等因素对化学平衡移动的影响。“氯化钴溶液颜色的变化”和“乙酸乙酯水解条件的比较”这两个基础课题涉及的原理都比较简单，完全在学生的认知范围内，且实验用品简单易得，实验现象也非常明显，便于学生操作和进行实验探究，而且这两个实验在有关化学平衡移动的实验中较为典型。 2、实验准备 仪器:试管、胶头滴管、橡胶塞、烧杯、温度计、酒精灯、石棉网、三脚架、火柴、普通玻璃 管、试管夹。 试剂:0.5mol/LCoCl溶液、浓盐酸、CoCl?6HO晶体、95,乙醇、蒸馏水、乙酸乙酯、 222 2mol/L硫酸溶液、4mol/LNaOH溶液、甲基橙指示剂、石蕊溶液 二、[实验步骤] temporary electricity security construction organization design; large mechanical of loaded, and split construction programme; labour protection technology measures requirements, and plans; dangerous parts and way process, especially construction risk degree larger project should for technology argument, take corresponding of security technology measures; on special process and the new process, and equipment, and facilities, and material of using, should targeted of special security requirements and operation provides; Divide key positions in a construction site fire and flammability, fire equipment and facility configurations, welding approval, fire inspection, duty Fireman's activities, must devise appropriate systems and measures should also have safety signs at construction site layout master plan. These types of technical measures and requirements subject to the superior technical Department for approval, Chief supervision engineer to review implementation. In order to ensure the implementation of safety measures, should be organized to staff resources for implementation. Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman detailed low-down; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the foreman gives the low-down. ? safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. ? the type operators for safe operation of the sub-item project technology gives the low-down, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction site to create). ? foremen on construction jobs in the process of releasing production tasks at the same time, the need for security disclosure. ? production assurance system approval requirements in accordance with fire safety provisions of that document. Scaffolding safety technology to give the low-down on 4-2 construction organization name project name construction Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman detailed low-down; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the foreman gives the low-down. ? safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. ? the type operators for safe operation of the sub-item project technology gives the low-down, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction site temporary electricity security construction organization design; large mechanical of loaded, and split construction programme; labour protection technology measures requirements, and plans; dangerous parts and way process, especially construction risk degree larger project should for technology argument, take corresponding of security technology measures; on special process and the new process, and equipment, and facilities, and material of using, should targeted of special security requirements and operation provides; Divide key positions in a construction site fire and flammability, fire equipment and facility configurations, welding approval, fire inspection, duty Fireman's activities, must devise appropriate systems and measures should also have safety signs at construction site layout master plan. These types of technical measures and requirements subject to the superior technical Department for approval, Chief supervision engineer to review implementation. In order to ensure the implementation of safety measures, should be organized to staff resources for implementation. Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman detailed low-down; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the foreman gives the low-down. ? safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. ? the type operators for safe operation of the sub-item project technology gives the low-down, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction site to create). ? foremen on construction jobs in the process of releasing production tasks at the same time, the need for security disclosure. ? production assurance system approval requirements in accordance with fire safety provisions of that document. Scaffolding safety technology to give the low-down on 4-2 construction organization name project name construction Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman detailed low-down; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the foreman gives the low-down. ? safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. ? the type operators for safe operation of the sub-item project technology gives the low-down, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction site (一)、氯化钴溶液颜色的变化 1、观察稀释酸性氯化钴溶液时颜色的变化 具体操作: 内 容 理 论 解 释 注意点 2+11.在试管?中加入3mL、0.5mol/L O)]中留一些溶液作对比 加入能取代[Co(H26 CoCl溶液(用氯化钴晶体配成的)，观水分子的物质(浓盐酸等)2 察颜色 使水解平衡逆向移动，溶液 12.再在试管?中逐滴加入6mL浓盐酸，先变紫最后变蓝 实验时发现加盐酸后观察现象,记录恰好变为紫红色、紫色、变为紫红色,而始终蓝色时盐酸的体积。 未出现明显的蓝色, 13.将试管?中的溶液一分为二，另一份加水促进水解，溶液又显粉操作时发现未出现明 22倒在?试管中，在?试管中加3mL蒸馏红色 显粉红色 水，与另一支试管对照，观察现象 实验说明: ?若加入6ml浓盐酸之后，溶液仍显紫色，可再加入适量浓盐酸，直至溶液变蓝色。 ?教材中，0.5mol?L-1 CoCl溶液及浓盐酸的使用符合实验的实际情况，若氯化钴溶液2 太稀，或盐酸浓度较小，则颜色变化有困难。 ?实际实验操作时，发现加浓盐酸后未出现明显蓝色，只看到紫红色;加蒸馏水后，变粉红色也未明显。 2、温度对氯化钴颜色的影响 具体操作 内 容 解 释 注意点 1. 取一支试管，加入3ml 95,乙醇溶液和 少量(2,3小粒)的氯化钴晶体 (CoCl?6HO)(所配溶液以稀为好)，振22氯化钴的水工业酒精溶解氯化钴以后，溶液可能荡使其溶解，再逐滴滴加蒸馏水，至溶液合物失水而已经显紫红色，此时只要加热试管就恰好呈粉红色 显浅蓝色 有颜色变化,最后出现的蓝色较浅. 2.然后用酒精灯加热该试管片刻。观察 实验过程中溶液颜色的变化 实验说明: ?加2,3小粒氯化钴晶体溶液颜色太浅，可适当提高加入量，所配溶液以稀为好。 ?若95,乙醇溶液中加入适量氯化钴晶体已显粉红色，则不必再滴加蒸馏水，若加入水太多，则must be checked before use, ensure the safety of use; Every day must be in service for toxic gaspment transportation of all equipment, facilities, safety equipment, gas masks, accessories, materials and personal protective equinical cards on the table in accordance with the construction plan operations; Digging holes, hoisting, Dado, residue used in 1 construction organization name project name the construction site construction requirements of security tech-2-down (reference tables) 4-hole pile project technology gives the low-eams from the deposit of an instrument, and filed a report. Artificial Dige, tclimb the scaffolding up and down. Disclosure signatures to accept cards deliver the signature time Japan form in duplicat auxiliary facilities: feeder channel should be set 1M high guard rail around, up and down ramps or stairs, are not allowed to 11. deformation of steel elements should be straightened, damage repair and paint for reuse should scrap cannot be repaired.?e. outdoors should be covered. Sporadic small fasteners, bolts and other components using clean diesel box, store room for reus in theer the material shall be classified and piled up stacked flat, under pads well drained. Steel is best placed indoor, stacked scaffold dismantling aft?ly come to an end, and check whether it will collapse, check the security before the intermission. clear best not to interrupt the process of demolition, if absolutely necessary to interrupt the dismantled parts should be?arly. removal process is best not to change horses in the Middle, such as the need for person, should be removed cle?ary losses. necessrs, materials should go to the pass or use the rope hanging down, throw shall not be voted down, so as to avoid injury and une, Shun down by operators in the Middle Poles shall not throw down. • Dismantling scaffolding, scaffold, steel pipe, fastenebuckl dismantle large Rails scaffolding, bridging, you should split the middle button, then remove both ends?obs simultaneously. rt routes and ban people entering. • Strict compliance with the removal order, from the top down, step, and no upper level jarning signs, set up special care in transposoled shoes. Remove pick rack and other dangerous parts hanging belts. • Before dismantling scaffolding, around fences or w-en not in the tool bag. • Wear personal protective equipment correctly, foot wear softng, wham members have a clear division of labour, unified command, operation energies to concentrated, may not look around and jokition organization name project name cards on the table before the one down the scaffolding of content security technology, te2 construction construction construc-down on 4-h fire safety provisions of that document. Scaffold safety technology gives the low production assurance system approval requirements in accordance wit?he same time, the need for security disclosure. foremen on construction jobs in the process of releasing production tasks at t?to create). 2 temporary electricity security construction organization design; large mechanical of loaded, and split construction programme; labour protection technology measures requirements, and plans; dangerous parts and way process, especially construction risk degree larger project should for technology argument, take corresponding of security technology measures; on special process and the new process, and equipment, and facilities, and material of using, should targeted of special security requirements and operation provides; Divide key positions in a construction site fire and flammability, fire equipment and facility configurations, welding approval, fire inspection, duty Fireman's activities, must devise appropriate systems and measures should also have safety signs at construction site layout master plan. These types of technical measures and requirements subject to the superior technical Department for approval, Chief supervision engineer to review implementation. In order to ensure the implementation of safety measures, should be organized to staff resources for implementation. Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman detailed low-down; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the foreman gives the low-down. ? safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. ? the type operators for safe operation of the sub-item project technology gives the low-down, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction site to create). ? foremen on construction jobs in the process of releasing production tasks at the same time, the need for security disclosure. ? production assurance system approval requirements in accordance with fire safety provisions of that document. Scaffolding safety technology to give the low-down on 4-2 construction organization name project name construction Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman detailed low-down; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the foreman gives the low-down. ? safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. ? the type operators for safe operation of the sub-item project technology gives the low-down, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction site 加热后看不到明显的颜色变化。 ?可采取在3ml无水酒精中加入少量氯化钴晶体(呈浅蓝色)，然后再逐滴滴加蒸馏水，使溶液恰好呈浅粉红色(蓝色?紫色?粉红色的颜色变化过程不明显)。 ?若直接加热，颜色变化太快，紫色和蓝紫色可能难以观察到，如采取水浴加热，则颜色变化过程会明显的。(如果加入氯化钴晶体量多，则发生颜色变化的温度会低些) 3、实验改进设想 由于浓盐酸具有强烈的腐蚀性和挥发性，建议使用饱和食盐水代替浓盐酸:取洁净试管，加少量氯化钴晶体。再将1,2mL氯化钠饱和溶液注入试管，溶解氯化钴晶体，配成粉红色溶液。再加热观察现象。停止加热，冷却观察现象 (二)、乙酸乙酯水解条件的比较 具体操作: ?取三支试管，编为1、2、3号，分别注入4ml蒸馏水、4ml 2mol?L-1的H2SO4溶液、4ml 4mol?L-1的NaOH溶液。在试管1、2中，各注入2滴甲基橙指示剂，试管3中滴加2滴石蕊试液，使三支试管中溶液的颜色分别为橙色、红色和蓝色。 ?在三支试管中，各加入2ml乙酸乙酯，用直尺量出三支试管中乙酸乙酯层的高度，振荡后，再一次量乙酸乙酯层的高度，把两次结果填入表格中。 ?将三支试管同时放入热水浴中(65?左右)，加热约五、六分钟后(加热过程中不振荡)，观察现象，用直尺量出三支试管中乙酸乙酯层的高度，振荡后，第二次量取乙酸乙酯层的高度，最后等溶液冷却后再量乙酸乙酯层的高度，把结果填入表格中。 实验结果: 1(HO) 2(HSO) 3(NaOH) 结论 224 试管编号 2ml乙酸乙酯高度(mm) 16 16 16 振荡后乙酸乙酯高度14 15 16 酸或碱对乙酸(mm) 乙酯水解有催 水浴加热后, 不振荡 化作用，且用碱15 16 16 (mm) 作催化剂水解 效果更好。 水浴加热后, 振荡(mm) 14 12 9 冷却后(mm) 13 11 7 实验说明: ?按照教材进行实验，且最后不振荡，乙酸乙酯的体积无明显变化。 ?本实验需在60?以上进行，否则效果不明显，但一般不超过70?。本实验温度控制在65?左右。 ?加热后，由于液体受热，体积增大，所以下层液体高度都有所上升，难以比较实验结果。因此 temporary electricity security construction organization design; large in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participat ?down. -n gives the lowdown; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the forema-tailed low, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman de2 construction organization name project name construction Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering-down on 4-Scaffolding safety technology to give the low production assurance system approval requirements in accordance with fire safety provisions of that document. ? foremen on construction jobs in the process of releasing production tasks at the same time, the need for security disclosure. ?ate). ruction site to credown, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city const-item project technology gives the low-the type operators for safe operation of the sub ?eature of the project. otal disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction fsafe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. T ?down. -or the Division in charge of the foreman gives the lowdown; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table f-s to ensure responsible foreman detailed lowor implementation. Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measurerces fmplementation. In order to ensure the implementation of safety measures, should be organized to staff resoul measures and requirements subject to the superior technical Department for approval, Chief supervision engineer to review ichnicaise appropriate systems and measures should also have safety signs at construction site layout master plan. These types of temmability, fire equipment and facility configurations, welding approval, fire inspection, duty Fireman's activities, must devnd fla, should targeted of special security requirements and operation provides; Divide key positions in a construction site fire aof security technology measures; on special process and the new process, and equipment, and facilities, and material of usingnding erous parts and way process, especially construction risk degree larger project should for technology argument, take correspoe mechanical of loaded, and split construction programme; labour protection technology measures requirements, and plans; dangof safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction sitedown, branches, can refer to industry standard -item project technology gives the low-the type operators for safe operation of the sub ? 第3页 temporary electricity security construction organization design; large mechanical of loaded, and split construction programme; labour protection technology measures requirements, and plans; dangerous parts and way process, especially construction risk degree larger project should for technology argument, take corresponding of security technology measures; on special process and the new process, and equipment, and facilities, and material of using, should targeted of special security requirements and operation provides; Divide key positions in a construction site fire and flammability, fire equipment and facility configurations, welding approval, fire inspection, duty Fireman's activities, must devise appropriate systems and measures should also have safety signs at construction site layout master plan. These types of technical measures and requirements subject to the superior technical Department for approval, Chief supervision engineer to review implementation. In order to ensure the implementation of safety measures, should be organized to staff resources for implementation. Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman detailed low-down; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the foreman gives the low-down. ? safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. ? the type operators for safe operation of the sub-item project technology gives the low-down, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction site to create). ? foremen on construction jobs in the process of releasing production tasks at the same time, the need for security disclosure. ? production assurance system approval requirements in accordance with fire safety provisions of that document. Scaffolding safety technology to give the low-down on 4-2 construction organization name project name construction Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman detailed low-down; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the foreman gives the low-down. ? safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. ? the type operators for safe operation of the sub-item project technology gives the low-down, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction site 本实验采用直尺量乙酸乙酯的高度变化进行比较，即使试管的规格有差异，也可以通过高度差换算出乙酸乙酯体积的减小量。(如本实验高度为1毫米的液体相当于0.125ml) ?加有氢氧化钠溶液的试管在加热后，下层液体颜色褪去。 ?经过对比实验可知，适当增大HSO和NaOH浓度，则实验效果会更明显。为增大液体间的接触24 面,试管的口径可以适当大一些。 三、教学建议 1、教学中要善于引导学生自主设计实验方案，认真观察实验现象，并组织开展问题的讨论。如在“氯化钴溶液的颜色变化”教学中，可以提出如下问题，引导学生进行讨论、思考:能否利用氯化钴试剂的含水量、改变温度等因素都会导致其颜色发生变化，设计一个变色温度计,在“乙酸乙酯水解条件的比较”的教学中，可提出如下问题，引导学生讨论思考:是否可以试着将乙酸乙酯层进行染色，使水解现象更明显, 2、预先拟定具体的研究方法、操作步骤，在实验中及时把有关的实验现象和数据填在表格中，实验之后进行结果分析，并 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 写实验报告。 3、本课题可以与化学反应原理模块中的相关内容进行整合教学。 四、习题巩固 1.已知:C(s)，CO(g)2CO(g) ?H,0。该反应的达到平衡后，下列条件有利于反应向2 正方向进行的是 ( ) A、升高温度和减小压强 B、降低温度和减小压强 C、降低温度和增大压强 D、升高温度和增大压强 2.下列说法正确的是 ( ) A、可逆反应的特征是正反应速率和逆反应速率相等 B、在其他条件不变时，使用催化剂只能改变反应速率，而不能改变化学平衡状态 C、在其他条件不变时，升高温度可以使平衡向放热反应方向移动 D、在其他条件不变时，增大压强一定会破坏气体反应的平衡状态 3.在乙酸乙酯中分别加入等体积的下列试剂，乙酸乙酯水解程度最大的是 ( ) A 2mol/LHSO B 2mol/LNaOH C 蒸馏水 D 4mol/LCHCOOH 243 4.在盛有氯化钴溶液的试管中，加入一定量的浓盐酸，溶液的颜色的变化是 ( ) A 蓝色加深 B 红色加深 C 由粉红色变为蓝色 D 由蓝色变为粉红色 5.在试管中加入半试管95,乙醇和少量红色氯化钴晶体(CoCl?6HO)， 振荡使其溶解，在常温下所22 得溶液呈_________色，逐渐加热，则溶液最终会变成________色。原因是 _________________________________ 2+6.CuCl的稀溶液呈蓝色，而浓溶液呈黄绿色，有人认为这是因为溶液中存在着下列平衡，[Cu(HO)] 224 - 2- (蓝色) + 4Cl [CuCl] (黄绿色) + 4HO ，请你设计一个实验进行验证。 42 _____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________ must be checked before use, ensure the safety of use; Every day must be in service for toxic gaspment transportation of all equipment, facilities, safety equipment, gas masks, accessories, materials and personal protective equinical cards on the table in accordance with the construction plan operations; Digging holes, hoisting, Dado, residue used in 1 construction organization name project name the construction site construction requirements of security tech-2-down (reference tables) 4-hole pile project technology gives the low-eams from the deposit of an instrument, and filed a report. Artificial Dige, tclimb the scaffolding up and down. Disclosure signatures to accept cards deliver the signature time Japan form in duplicat auxiliary facilities: feeder channel should be set 1M high guard rail around, up and down ramps or stairs, are not allowed to 11. deformation of steel elements should be straightened, damage repair and paint for reuse should scrap cannot be repaired.?e. outdoors should be covered. Sporadic small fasteners, bolts and other components using clean diesel box, store room for reus in theer the material shall be classified and piled up stacked flat, under pads well drained. Steel is best placed indoor, stacked scaffold dismantling aft?ly come to an end, and check whether it will collapse, check the security before the intermission. clear best not to interrupt the process of demolition, if absolutely necessary to interrupt the dismantled parts should be?arly. removal process is best not to change horses in the Middle, such as the need for person, should be removed cle?ary losses. necessrs, materials should go to the pass or use the rope hanging down, throw shall not be voted down, so as to avoid injury and une, Shun down by operators in the Middle Poles shall not throw down. • Dismantling scaffolding, scaffold, steel pipe, fastenebuckl dismantle large Rails scaffolding, bridging, you should split the middle button, then remove both ends?obs simultaneously. rt routes and ban people entering. • Strict compliance with the removal order, from the top down, step, and no upper level jarning signs, set up special care in transposoled shoes. Remove pick rack and other dangerous parts hanging belts. • Before dismantling scaffolding, around fences or w-en not in the tool bag. • Wear personal protective equipment correctly, foot wear softng, wham members have a clear division of labour, unified command, operation energies to concentrated, may not look around and jokition organization name project name cards on the table before the one down the scaffolding of content security technology, te2 construction construction construc-down on 4-h fire safety provisions of that document. Scaffold safety technology gives the low production assurance system approval requirements in accordance wit?he same time, the need for security disclosure. foremen on construction jobs in the process of releasing production tasks at t?to create). 4 temporary electricity security construction organization design; large mechanical of loaded, and split construction programme; labour protection technology measures requirements, and plans; dangerous parts and way process, especially construction risk degree larger project should for technology argument, take corresponding of security technology measures; on special process and the new process, and equipment, and facilities, and material of using, should targeted of special security requirements and operation provides; Divide key positions in a construction site fire and flammability, fire equipment and facility configurations, welding approval, fire inspection, duty Fireman's activities, must devise appropriate systems and measures should also have safety signs at construction site layout master plan. These types of technical measures and requirements subject to the superior technical Department for approval, Chief supervision engineer to review implementation. In order to ensure the implementation of safety measures, should be organized to staff resources for implementation. Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman detailed low-down; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the foreman gives the low-down. ? safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. ? the type operators for safe operation of the sub-item project technology gives the low-down, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction site to create). ? foremen on construction jobs in the process of releasing production tasks at the same time, the need for security disclosure. ? production assurance system approval requirements in accordance with fire safety provisions of that document. Scaffolding safety technology to give the low-down on 4-2 construction organization name project name construction Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman detailed low-down; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the foreman gives the low-down. ? safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. ? the type operators for safe operation of the sub-item project technology gives the low-down, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction site 7.CHCOOH，CHOHCHCOOCH，HO请根据要求回答下列问题 : 3253252 (1)欲提高乙酸的转化率，可采取的措施有: 、 等。 (2)若用右图所示的装置来制备少量的乙酸乙酯，产率往往偏低，其原因可能为: 、 等。 (3)此反应以浓硫酸为催化剂，可能会造成 、 等问题。 (4)目前对该反应的催化剂进行了新的探索，初步表明质子酸离子液体可用作此反应的催化剂，且能重复使用。实验数据如下表所示(乙酸和乙醇以等物质的量混合)。 同一反应时间 同一反应温度 反应温度/? 转化率(,) 选择性(,)* 反应时间/h 转化率(,) 选择性(,)* 40 77.8 100 2 80.2 100 60 92.3 100 3 87.8 100 80 92.6 100 4 92.3 100 120 94.5 98.7 6 93.0 100 *选择性100,表示反应生成的产物是乙酸乙酯和水 ?根据表中数据，下列 (填字母)为该反应的最佳条件。 A、120?，4h B、80?，2h C、60?，4h D、40?，3h ?当反应温度达到120?时，反应选择性降低的原因可能为 。 答案: 课题3 :反应条件对化学平衡的影响 1 A 2B 3 B 4 C 5 粉红色 蓝色，加热时随温度升高CoCl?6HO逐渐失颜色水呈蓝紫色至纯蓝。 22 6. 在盛有CuCl的稀溶液的试管中，加入一定量的浓盐酸，观察溶液颜色的变化，如溶液颜色变为2 黄绿色，则证明平衡存在，氯离子浓度增大，平衡向正方向移动。(其它合理方案也可) 7.(1)增大乙醇的浓度 移去生成物 (2)原料来不及反应就被蒸出 温度过高，发生了副反应 冷凝效果不好，部分产物挥发了(任填两种) (3)产生本量的酸性废液(或造成环境污染) 部分原料炭化 催化剂重复使用困难催化效果不理想(任填两种) (4)?C ?乙醇脱水生成了乙醚 temporary electricity security construction organization design; large in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participat ?down. -n gives the lowdown; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the forema-tailed low, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman de2 construction organization name project name construction Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering-down on 4-Scaffolding safety technology to give the low production assurance system approval requirements in accordance with fire safety provisions of that document. ? foremen on construction jobs in the process of releasing production tasks at the same time, the need for security disclosure. ?ate). ruction site to credown, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city const-item project technology gives the low-the type operators for safe operation of the sub ?eature of the project. otal disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction fsafe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. T ?down. -or the Division in charge of the foreman gives the lowdown; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table f-s to ensure responsible foreman detailed lowor implementation. Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measurerces fmplementation. In order to ensure the implementation of safety measures, should be organized to staff resoul measures and requirements subject to the superior technical Department for approval, Chief supervision engineer to review ichnicaise appropriate systems and measures should also have safety signs at construction site layout master plan. These types of temmability, fire equipment and facility configurations, welding approval, fire inspection, duty Fireman's activities, must devnd fla, should targeted of special security requirements and operation provides; Divide key positions in a construction site fire aof security technology measures; on special process and the new process, and equipment, and facilities, and material of usingnding erous parts and way process, especially construction risk degree larger project should for technology argument, take correspoe mechanical of loaded, and split construction programme; labour protection technology measures requirements, and plans; dangof safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction sitedown, branches, can refer to industry standard -item project technology gives the low-the type operators for safe operation of the sub ? 第5页 temporary electricity security construction organization design; large mechanical of loaded, and split construction programme; labour protection technology measures requirements, and plans; dangerous parts and way process, especially construction risk degree larger project should for technology argument, take corresponding of security technology measures; on special process and the new process, and equipment, and facilities, and material of using, should targeted of special security requirements and operation provides; Divide key positions in a construction site fire and flammability, fire equipment and facility configurations, welding approval, fire inspection, duty Fireman's activities, must devise appropriate systems and measures should also have safety signs at construction site layout master plan. These types of technical measures and requirements subject to the superior technical Department for approval, Chief supervision engineer to review implementation. In order to ensure the implementation of safety measures, should be organized to staff resources for implementation. Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman detailed low-down; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the foreman gives the low-down. ? safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. ? the type operators for safe operation of the sub-item project technology gives the low-down, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction site to create). ? foremen on construction jobs in the process of releasing production tasks at the same time, the need for security disclosure. ? production assurance system approval requirements in accordance with fire safety provisions of that document. Scaffolding safety technology to give the low-down on 4-2 construction organization name project name construction Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman detailed low-down; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the foreman gives the low-down. ? safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. ? the type operators for safe operation of the sub-item project technology gives the low-down, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction site 专题4课题3拓展4,4、4,5教学设计 1. 淀粉与碘显色现象的探究 课 题 课时 1 2. 压强对化学平衡的影响 1、通过实验加深对可逆反应的了解和认识。。 2、通过实验加深对化学平衡移动的理解。 3、知道淀粉与碘的显色反应会在不同条件下呈现不同的色彩。 4.通过压强对二氧化氮气体中存在的化学平衡的影响，来探究压强对化学平衡教学目标 的影响。 5、用实验的方法了解和初步探究温度、浓度、压强等因素对化学平衡的影响。 教学重点: 实验方案的设计 教学重难点 教学难点:实验方案的评价 课件、学生实验仪器和试剂等 教学具准备 教学过程: 一、导入 1、实验基本原理及其在实验化学中的作用 实验一:淀粉与碘显色现象的探究 淀粉与碘的显色反应是学生已熟知的一种检验方法，在实验活动中，常由于条件控制不一，出现不同的现象。淀粉溶液遇碘后显色的灵敏度会受多种因素的影响。例如，溶液温度过高或溶液PH较大时，淀粉溶液遇碘后就不会显出颜色。该显色反应还受到试剂浓度、淀粉种类、溶液酸度等因素的影响。因而对淀粉与碘显色现象的探究很有必要。 实验二:压强对化学平衡的影响 压强对化学反应速率的影响实质上是通过改变气体反应物的浓度来实现的，也就是说压强只对有气体参与的反应的速率产生影响。压强对化学反应平衡的影响也是通过改变气体物质的浓度来实现的。因而来探究压强对化学平衡的影响很有必要。 2、实验准备 仪器:试管、胶头滴管、橡胶塞、烧杯、温度计、酒精灯、石棉网、三脚架、火柴、普通玻璃 管、试管夹、50mL针筒。 试剂:5%淀粉溶液，饱和碘水，CCl,稀硫酸，稀氢氧化钠溶液，NO 42 二、[实验步骤] (一)、淀粉与碘显色现象的探究 1、 温度的影响: o(1)实验内容和步骤:(实验时室温为24C) a、取一支试管，加入6毫升水，5%淀粉5滴，饱和碘水5滴，溶液呈蓝色。 b、将蓝色溶液等量分装在3支试管中，并编号。 oooc、第1号试管置于50C热水浴中加热，2号试管置于65C水浴加热，3号试管置于100C水浴中加热，并记下时间。 d、记下蓝色退尽的时间和重新恢复蓝色的时间，计算褪色和重新变蓝所花的时间 must be checked before use, ensure the safety of use; Every day must be in service for toxic gaspment transportation of all equipment, facilities, safety equipment, gas masks, accessories, materials and personal protective equinical cards on the table in accordance with the construction plan operations; Digging holes, hoisting, Dado, residue used in 1 construction organization name project name the construction site construction requirements of security tech-2-down (reference tables) 4-hole pile project technology gives the low-eams from the deposit of an instrument, and filed a report. Artificial Dige, tclimb the scaffolding up and down. Disclosure signatures to accept cards deliver the signature time Japan form in duplicat auxiliary facilities: feeder channel should be set 1M high guard rail around, up and down ramps or stairs, are not allowed to 11. deformation of steel elements should be straightened, damage repair and paint for reuse should scrap cannot be repaired.?e. outdoors should be covered. Sporadic small fasteners, bolts and other components using clean diesel box, store room for reus in theer the material shall be classified and piled up stacked flat, under pads well drained. Steel is best placed indoor, stacked scaffold dismantling aft?ly come to an end, and check whether it will collapse, check the security before the intermission. clear best not to interrupt the process of demolition, if absolutely necessary to interrupt the dismantled parts should be?arly. removal process is best not to change horses in the Middle, such as the need for person, should be removed cle?ary losses. necessrs, materials should go to the pass or use the rope hanging down, throw shall not be voted down, so as to avoid injury and une, Shun down by operators in the Middle Poles shall not throw down. • Dismantling scaffolding, scaffold, steel pipe, fastenebuckl dismantle large Rails scaffolding, bridging, you should split the middle button, then remove both ends?obs simultaneously. rt routes and ban people entering. • Strict compliance with the removal order, from the top down, step, and no upper level jarning signs, set up special care in transposoled shoes. Remove pick rack and other dangerous parts hanging belts. • Before dismantling scaffolding, around fences or w-en not in the tool bag. • Wear personal protective equipment correctly, foot wear softng, wham members have a clear division of labour, unified command, operation energies to concentrated, may not look around and jokition organization name project name cards on the table before the one down the scaffolding of content security technology, te2 construction construction construc-down on 4-h fire safety provisions of that document. Scaffold safety technology gives the low production assurance system approval requirements in accordance wit?he same time, the need for security disclosure. foremen on construction jobs in the process of releasing production tasks at t?to create). 6 temporary electricity security construction organization design; large mechanical of loaded, and split construction programme; labour protection technology measures requirements, and plans; dangerous parts and way process, especially construction risk degree larger project should for technology argument, take corresponding of security technology measures; on special process and the new process, and equipment, and facilities, and material of using, should targeted of special security requirements and operation provides; Divide key positions in a construction site fire and flammability, fire equipment and facility configurations, welding approval, fire inspection, duty Fireman's activities, must devise appropriate systems and measures should also have safety signs at construction site layout master plan. These types of technical measures and requirements subject to the superior technical Department for approval, Chief supervision engineer to review implementation. In order to ensure the implementation of safety measures, should be organized to staff resources for implementation. Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman detailed low-down; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the foreman gives the low-down. ? safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. ? the type operators for safe operation of the sub-item project technology gives the low-down, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction site to create). ? foremen on construction jobs in the process of releasing production tasks at the same time, the need for security disclosure. ? production assurance system approval requirements in accordance with fire safety provisions of that document. Scaffolding safety technology to give the low-down on 4-2 construction organization name project name construction Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman detailed low-down; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the foreman gives the low-down. ? safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. ? the type operators for safe operation of the sub-item project technology gives the low-down, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction site 实验结果: 水浴温度 褪色时间 重新变蓝的时间 o50C 8分钟 3分钟 o65C 3分钟 5分钟 o100C 10秒 12分钟 (2)实验结论: a、升高温度，淀粉溶液与碘显色的灵敏度降低。 b、温度越高，溶液颜色褪色越快;停止加热后，重显蓝色所需的时间也越长。 (3)现象解释: 溶液褪色的原因是给溶液加热，分子运动加剧，破坏了淀粉的螺旋结构，碘就离开了管道，于是包容物解体，蓝色褪去。待冷却后，又重新形成了淀粉,碘的螺旋状包容物，颜色也恢复了。因淀粉种类和浓度不同，在不同温度下褪色和冷却后重新显色的时间也不同。一般情况下，温度越高，褪色越快，重新变回蓝色的时间也越长。倘若加热时间过久，由于淀粉水解，颜色就不易恢复。 2、 酸碱性的影响: 实验操作 现象 结论、解释 1、在淀粉溶液中，滴加碘水之后先变蓝,加热对照实验。升高温度，淀粉溶液与碘 加热至60?左右(对照实验) 后溶液褪色 显色的灵敏度降低 在碱性溶液中，I将歧化成次碘酸盐2 2.粉溶液中加入一定量的氢氧化不显蓝色 ---和碘化物,I+2OH,IO+I+HO,因而22 钠溶液，加碘水 在碱性溶液中不显色。 3. 在淀粉溶液中，滴加碘水,再加溶液先变蓝,在强酸性条件下不利于显色，强酸中 入一定量的稀硫酸酸化 加酸后变浅 淀粉会水解变成糊精. 3.溶剂的影响: CCl或苯有机溶剂的影响: 4 a、实验操作:向2支试管中各加水2毫升，滴5,淀粉溶液5滴，饱和碘水5滴.编号。1号试管不加有机试剂，用作对比，2号试管中加CCl2mL,3号试管中加苯2mL。振荡三支试管。 4 b、实验现象:与1号相比,2号、3号试管中水层蓝色褪去(变浅)，有机层显浅紫红色。 c、现象解释:因为I被CCl或苯萃取，从包容物中逃逸出来，混合液蓝色消失(变浅)。 24 (二)、压强对化学平衡的影响 temporary electricity security construction organization design; large in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participat ?down. -n gives the lowdown; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the forema-tailed low, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman de2 construction organization name project name construction Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering-down on 4-Scaffolding safety technology to give the low production assurance system approval requirements in accordance with fire safety provisions of that document. ? foremen on construction jobs in the process of releasing production tasks at the same time, the need for security disclosure. ?ate). ruction site to credown, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city const-item project technology gives the low-the type operators for safe operation of the sub ?eature of the project. otal disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction fsafe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. T ?down. -or the Division in charge of the foreman gives the lowdown; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table f-s to ensure responsible foreman detailed lowor implementation. Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measurerces fmplementation. In order to ensure the implementation of safety measures, should be organized to staff resoul measures and requirements subject to the superior technical Department for approval, Chief supervision engineer to review ichnicaise appropriate systems and measures should also have safety signs at construction site layout master plan. These types of temmability, fire equipment and facility configurations, welding approval, fire inspection, duty Fireman's activities, must devnd fla, should targeted of special security requirements and operation provides; Divide key positions in a construction site fire aof security technology measures; on special process and the new process, and equipment, and facilities, and material of usingnding erous parts and way process, especially construction risk degree larger project should for technology argument, take correspoe mechanical of loaded, and split construction programme; labour protection technology measures requirements, and plans; dangof safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction sitedown, branches, can refer to industry standard -item project technology gives the low-the type operators for safe operation of the sub ? 第7页 temporary electricity security construction organization design; large mechanical of loaded, and split construction programme; labour protection technology measures requirements, and plans; dangerous parts and way process, especially construction risk degree larger project should for technology argument, take corresponding of security technology measures; on special process and the new process, and equipment, and facilities, and material of using, should targeted of special security requirements and operation provides; Divide key positions in a construction site fire and flammability, fire equipment and facility configurations, welding approval, fire inspection, duty Fireman's activities, must devise appropriate systems and measures should also have safety signs at construction site layout master plan. These types of technical measures and requirements subject to the superior technical Department for approval, Chief supervision engineer to review implementation. In order to ensure the implementation of safety measures, should be organized to staff resources for implementation. Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman detailed low-down; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the foreman gives the low-down. ? safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. ? the type operators for safe operation of the sub-item project technology gives the low-down, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction site to create). ? foremen on construction jobs in the process of releasing production tasks at the same time, the need for security disclosure. ? production assurance system approval requirements in accordance with fire safety provisions of that document. Scaffolding safety technology to give the low-down on 4-2 construction organization name project name construction Note: before the project began, head of engineering to engineering, construction, safety technical measures to ensure responsible foreman detailed low-down; foreman responsibility according to the technical manager's cards on the table for the Division in charge of the foreman gives the low-down. ? safe disclosure by the General, heads of sub and security responsibility of people to participate in, the two sides signed. Total disclosure must be in for supplementary cards on construction feature of the project. ? the type operators for safe operation of the sub-item project technology gives the low-down, branches, can refer to industry standard of safety management model (the Guide to standardization in Chengdu city construction site 具体步骤: 用两支50mL注射器从储气袋中抽取30mL红棕色NO气体(一支做颜色对照)，封住注射器孔。 2 观察下列两种情况下平衡体系的颜色变化，与一支试管颜色对照: (1)当用力推压活塞，压缩注射器中的气体时; (2)当用力提拉活塞，降低注射器中的压强时。 根据上述实验现象，你能得出什么结论, 实验操作 理论现象 结论、解释 1、当用力推压活塞，压缩注射器增大压强，体积减小，颜色加深，但 先变深，后变 中的气体时(与一支试管颜色对随后平衡右移NO浓度减小，颜色变2 稍浅 照) 浅 2. 当用力提拉活塞，降低注射器先变浅，减小压强，体积增大，颜色变浅，但 中的压强时(与一支试管颜色对后变稍深 随后平衡左移NO浓度曾大，颜色加2 照) 深 实验说明: 该实验操作简单，但实验过程颜色变化不明显，甚至与理论现象相悖。增大压强后发现:颜色始终加深，没有看到变浅过程;减小压强后发现:颜色始终变浅，没有看到变深过程。 三、教学建议 1.实验一的淀粉浓度不宜太小，一般要求2,以上，做对比实验时的水温最好在60?以上。 2.实验二注意事项: a、压缩气体体积或扩大气体体积的操作要迅速。 b、最好利用录像作不同时间段的实验现象的对比操作 c、针筒内壁和活塞之间可以涂一些凡士林，确保装置气密性良好 四、习题巩固 1.已知:某密闭容器中存在如下平衡:2NO(气) NO(气) 224[讨论]A:当加压气体体积缩小时，混和气体颜色先变深 是由于? ， 后又逐渐变浅是由于 ? ; B:当减压气体体积增大时，混和气体颜色先变浅 是由于? ， 后又逐渐变深是由于 ? 。 2.向淀粉-碘的蓝色溶液中加入一定量的CCl，振荡，可以看到的现象 。 4 must be checked before use, ensure the safety of use; Every day must be in service for toxic gaspment transportation of all equipment, facilities, safety equipment, gas masks, accessories, materials and personal protective equinical cards on the table in accordance with the construction plan operations; Digging holes, hoisting, Dado, residue used in 1 construction organization name project name the construction site construction requirements of security tech-2-down (reference tables) 4-hole pile project technology gives the low-eams from the deposit of an instrument, and filed a report. Artificial Dige, tclimb the scaffolding up and down. Disclosure signatures to accept cards deliver the signature time Japan form in duplicat auxiliary facilities: feeder channel should be set 1M high guard rail around, up and down ramps or stairs, are not allowed to 11. deformation of steel elements should be straightened, damage repair and paint for reuse should scrap cannot be repaired.?e. outdoors should be covered. Sporadic small fasteners, bolts and other components using clean diesel box, store room for reus in theer the material shall be classified and piled up stacked flat, under pads well drained. Steel is best placed indoor, stacked scaffold dismantling aft?ly come to an end, and check whether it will collapse, check the security before the intermission. clear best not to interrupt the process of demolition, if absolutely necessary to interrupt the dismantled parts should be?arly. removal process is best not to change horses in the Middle, such as the need for person, should be removed cle?ary losses. necessrs, materials should go to the pass or use the rope hanging down, throw shall not be voted down, so as to avoid injury and une, Shun down by operators in the Middle Poles shall not throw down. • Dismantling scaffolding, scaffold, steel pipe, fastenebuckl dismantle large Rails scaffolding, bridging, you should split the middle button, then remove both ends?obs simultaneously. rt routes and ban people entering. • Strict compliance with the removal order, from the top down, step, and no upper level jarning signs, set up special care in transposoled shoes. Remove pick rack and other dangerous parts hanging belts. • Before dismantling scaffolding, around fences or w-en not in the tool bag. • Wear personal protective equipment correctly, foot wear softng, wham members have a clear division of labour, unified command, operation energies to concentrated, may not look around and jokition organization name project name cards on the table before the one down the scaffolding of content security technology, te2 construction construction construc-down on 4-h fire safety provisions of that document. Scaffold safety technology gives the low production assurance system approval requirements in accordance wit?he same time, the need for security disclosure. foremen on construction jobs in the process of releasing production tasks at t?to create). 8