Intel信息技术峰会——LTE空中接口技术

支持新兴数据应用的高能效 LTE 空 中接口技术 FUTS003 Ali Koc, Senior Network Software Engineer, Intel Rath Vannithamby, Engineering Manager, Intel 2 议程 • 引言 – 新设备，新应有，新用户行为 – 移动设备功耗 – 长期演进(LTE) • LTE省电机制 – 空闲模式 – 不连续接收模式 • 新兴应用流量的特点 • 下一代LTE (LTE-Advanced)的省电机制 • 结论 本课程演示文稿（PDF）发布在技术课程目录网站: intel.com/go/idfsessionsBJ 该网址同时打印于会议指南中专 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 讲座日程页的上方 3 议程 • 引言 – 新设备，新应有，新用户行为 – 移动设备功耗 – 长期演进(LTE) • LTE省电机制 – 空闲模式 – 不连续接收模式 • 新兴应用流量的特点 • 下一代LTE (LTE-Advanced)的省电机制 • 结论 4 智能设备和应用的爆炸性增长 * Logos and trademarks belong to the other entities 智能设备和互联网应用的爆炸性增长 • 各种设备，如智 能手机，平板电 脑，超级本等 • 新兴应用，如 脸 书， 微博，股票 更新，网络电话 等 5 新用户行为 * Logos and trademarks belong to the other entities 新用户行为导致高功耗 • 用户更频繁地使用新设备访问互联网，从而增加了 功耗和信令开销 6 移动设备的功耗问题 • 移动设备消耗电池的原因 – 显示 – 处理 – 通信 • 移动设备应该在低功率模式，以尽可能延长电池 • 即使设备未积极使用，新兴应用如社交网络也会 偶尔产生小数据包 • 结果，通信电路，甚至整个移动设备都不能进入 低功耗模式 新兴的应用程序不让设备进入低功耗模式 7 为什么LTE设备消耗更多的功率呢？ • LTE设备需要更多的处理能力对 大量数据进行解码 – 先进的物理层技术 – 更高的传输速率 • LTE设备通常总是在线 • 目前LTE设备除了4G频谱还使用 3G频谱， 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 P ea k P ow er ( d B m ) 支持LTE需要消耗更多功率 source: http://www.rfmd.com/CS/Documents/3G-4GSPACEMultimodeSPACEHandsetChallengesPart3ImpactonPowerAmplifierDesign.pdf 8 LTE简介 • 允许灵活的频谱部署 • 支持 – 高速传输 – 低延时 – 即时连接(从空闲模式) • 允许各种互联网应用 指标 LTE性能 峰值数据速率 下行 = 100兆比特每秒 上行= 50兆比特每秒 移动支持 不快于500 公里每小时 控制延时 < 100毫秒 数据延时 < 5毫秒 覆盖范围 5-100公里 频谱宽度 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 兆赫兹 LTE支持始终连接的能力 source: 3GPP Release 8 document 9 LTE简介 3G 4G (LTE) 2G AMC+HARQ OFDM+MIMO OFDM+MIMO Heterogeneous Networks Sp ec tra l E ffi ci en cy 利用先进的技术，LTE可以更有效的使用稀缺的频谱资源 10 LTE简介 世界各地正在加速部署LTE source: www.GSAcom.com * 11 LTE时间 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 2009 2008 2010 2011 LT E LT E- A 2012 R11 R8 R9 R10 • LTE指3GPP第8版（R8）和第9版（R9） • LTE Advanced (LTE-A)指3GPP第10版和以后的版本 • 3GPP第11版还在开发中 12 议程 • 引言 – 新设备，新应有，新用户行为 – 移动设备功耗 – 长期演进(LTE) • LTE省电机制 – 空闲模式 – 不连续接收模式 • 新兴应用流量的特点 • 下一代LTE (LTE-Advanced)的省电机制 • 结论 13 LTE省电机制 • 终端有不同状态 • 不同状态功率消耗不同 • 省电机制: 空闲, 不连续接收 利用数据传输间隙省电 14 空闲模式 • 设备可以在主动或空闲模式之间切换。 • LTE主动模式支持数据传输 • LTE空闲模式在设备不发送/接收数据包时候省电 • LTE空闲模式 • 基站呼叫唤醒设备 • 设备周期性醒来检查是否有来电 空闲模式允许设备在没有数据传输时进入低功耗状态 15 不连续接收模式 (DRX) • 在LTE主动模式时，设备可以进入不连续接收模式来省电 • 在不连续接收模式时，设备仍连接到网络，不连续的监听控制信道 e Mode allows device to go into low power mode when there is no traffic activity 不连续接收模式允许设备在有数据传输时进入低功耗状态 16 议程 • 引言 – 新设备，新应有，新用户行为 – 移动设备功耗 – 长期演进(LTE) • LTE省电机制 – 空闲模式 – 不连续接收模式 • 新兴应用流量的特点 • 下一代LTE (LTE-Advanced)的省电机制 • 结论 17 传统应用（FTP）的行为 • 当有数据传输时，数据包是突发性的 • 在数据传输之间，没有其它背景数据包 在使用传统应用时，节能机会是可预见的。 Packet Activity time Packet Calls Packets from File 1 Packets from File 2 Packets from File 3 Packets from File 4 18 新兴应用的行为 • 一些应用，如推特，股票更新等，没有非常清晰的活动或不活动的区别 • 在没有数据传输时，这些应用还是会产生不频繁的小数据包 – 大部份背景数据包小于10 0字 个人自传范文3000字为中华之崛起而读书的故事100字新时代好少年事迹1500字绑架的故事5000字个人自传范文2000字 节 新兴应用产生不频繁的小数据包 数据包到达间隙和大小比较范例 (统计 90% 数据包) 应用数据 背景数据 数据包到达间隙 30 毫秒 1000 毫秒 数据包大小 1500 字节 100 字节 Source: 3GPP TSG-RAN WG2 Meeting #75,R2-114274, ”Traces of Diverse Data Applications over LTE network for eDDA Evaluation Framework” Intel Corporation 19 LTE的差距 • LTE是5年前的设计，以支持传统应用，如FTP，HTTP • 新兴应用（如推特和脸书 ) 还没有出现 LTE的机制不能有效地处理社交网络应用 20 支持新兴应用的信令开销 • LTE的省电机制对于新兴应用不足够有效 – 信令开销率有3 个量级的区别 LTE的机制不能有效地处理新兴应用 信令开销和状态切换比较范例 信令开销 状态切换 (主动，空闲) 应用数据 40000 比特每信令比特 2-3 切换每分钟 背景数据 200 比特每信令比特 10 切换每分钟 Source: 3GPP TSG-RAN WG2 Meeting #75,R2-114273.” Signaling Overhead of Diverse Data Applications over LTE network” Intel Corporation 21 议程 • 引言 – 新设备，新应有，新用户行为 – 移动设备功耗 – 长期演进(LTE) • LTE省电机制 – 空闲模式 – 不连续接收模式 • 新兴应用流量的特点 • 下一代LTE (LTE-Advanced)的省电机制 • 结论 22 新的电源效率技术 • 电源效率和延迟性能之间的权衡 • 必需调整到电源效率和延迟之间最佳的权衡, 3GPP第11版（LTE-A） 目前正在开发的几种机制 – 自适应的不连续接收 – 始终保持连接模式 – 优化的空闲模式到主动模式切换 – 用户终端发起的RRC连接处理 3GPP 正在探讨把有前途的技术加入第11版(LTE-A) 23 自适应的不连续接收(DRX) • 不同长度的DRX周期 – 长DRX周期增加了延迟  应用有不同的延迟要求 – 短DRX周期增加耗电量  设备需要使用较长的DRX周期以节省电源 • 选择合适的DRX周期长度以满足延迟和省电的要求 根据用户需要的DRX参数变化将有助于省电 24 用户终端发起的RRC连接处理 • 不再需要网络连接的移动设备应该能够自己 从网络上断开， • 设备指示它将要断开 – 设备可以迅速进入低功耗状态 – 网络也能快速释放无线资源 • 设备不应该过早断开 – 否则，网络要为后续的数据传输重新连接设备 • 3GPP正在开发协助终端自己从网络断开的 机制 设备协助有益于正常断线 25 始终保持连接模式 • 基站保持闲置计时器来管理设备从连接到空 闲模式的切换 • 空闲和连接之间的模式切换的信令开销很高 • 基站可以设置非常长的定时来保持用户始终 处在连接的模式。 – 降低网络信令（由于没有空闲和连接之间的 切换） – 用适当的DRX设置可以达到类似的功耗 设备在使用某些新兴应用时始终保持连接的模式可以减少信令开销 26 优化的空闲模式到主动模式切换 • 上行或下行流量到达时, 如果LTE设备处在空闲模式 – 设备需要切换到主动模式（重新连接） – 频繁的重连产生显着的开销和延迟。 – 通过存储连接参数优化重连步骤（快速重新连接） • 快速重新连接的机制可以 – 降低空中接口的信令，重新连接的时间，和发送/接收数据时的功耗 快速重新连接机制有利于降低能耗和信令开销 LTE 空闲 LTE 主动 27 议程 • 引言 – 新设备，新应有，新用户行为 – 移动设备功耗 – 长期演进(LTE) • LTE省电机制 – 空闲模式 – 不连续接收模式 • 新兴应用流量的特点 • 下一代LTE (LTE-Advanced)的省电机制 • 结论 28 结论 • LTE始终保持连接的能力为社交网络，即时通讯，股票/天气更新等移动 互联网应用的爆炸增长铺平了道路 • 新兴数据应用和新设备的引进带来了电池功耗和网络信令开销的主要挑战。 • 3GPP 正在为第11版标准开发新的省电机制 – 降低信令开销 – 降低终端功耗 – 有效的支持新兴互联网应用 29 立即行动 • 如何实现最佳的电池省电和减少信令开销： – 空中接口标准提供在不同情况下的功率与性能优化的支持(正在进行 中) – 应用软件商和供应商在开发实施 中考 中考数学全套课件中考心理辅导讲座中考语文病句辨析修改中考语文古诗文必背中考单选题精选 虑设备功耗和网络信令开销问题 – 基础设施供应商和网络提供商允许移动设备优化功耗，并同时降低网 络信令开销 – 设备供应商考虑减少网络信令，并同时优化设备功耗。 30 其他资料 • 3GPP TS 36.300, v8.11.0 "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E- UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2", Jan 2010. • 3GPP TS 36.321, v8.9.0, “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E- UTRA); Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol specification (Release 8)”, June 2010. • 3GPP TS 36.304, v8.8.0, “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E- UTRA); User Equipment (UE) procedures in idle mode (Release 8)”, January 2010. • 3GPP TR 36.822 v0.2.0, “Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; LTE RAN Enhancements for Diverse Data Applications”, November 2011. • S. Gao, H. Tian, J. Zhu, and L. Chen, “A more power-efficient adaptive discontinuous reception mechanism in LTE,” in Proc. IEEE VTC’11-Fall, Sept. 2011, pp. 1 –5. • S. Jha, A. Koc¸ and R. Vannithamby, Optimization of Discontinuous Reception (DRX) for Mobile Internet Applications Over LTE,” submitted for IEEE VTC’12F • M. Gupta, A. Koc, R. Vannithamby, “Power Management for 4G Mobile Broadband Wireless Access Networks,” book chapter to be published in Handbook On Green Communications and Systems" by Elsevier. 31 Legal Disclaimer INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH INTEL PRODUCTS. NO LICENSE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, BY ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE, TO ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IS GRANTED BY THIS DOCUMENT. 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Rev. 1/19/12 33 备 用 页 34 3GPP - The Partnership – 3GPP stands for the “3rd Generation Partnership Project”  3GPP is not constrained to 3rd Generation. It includes work on both the 2nd and the Beyond 3rd generation technologies. – The “Partners” are Standards Developing Organizations (SDO) – The membership  Companies participate in 3GPP through their membership of one of these “Organizational Partners”.  Currently over 370 Individual Members (Operators, Vendors, Regulators)  13 Market Representation Partners (giving perspectives on market needs and drivers) 34 (Japan) (China) (Korea) (USA) (Europe) * * * * * * 35 3GPP - Organization Structure 35 Approximately 200 meetings per year Many co-located meetings, totalling around 600 delegates Some meetings receive 1000 documents 支持新兴数据应用的高能效 LTE 空中接口技术 议程 议程 智能设备和应用的爆炸性增长 新用户行为 移动设备的功耗问题 为什么LTE设备消耗更多的功率呢？ LTE简介 LTE简介 LTE简介 LTE时间表 议程 LTE省电机制 空闲模式 不连续接收模式 (DRX) 议程 传统应用（FTP）的行为 新兴应用的行为 LTE的差距 支持新兴应用的信令开销 议程 新的电源效率技术 自适应的不连续接收(DRX) 用户终端发起的RRC连接处理 始终保持连接模式 优化的空闲模式到主动模式切换 议程 结论 立即行动 其他资料 Legal Disclaimer Risk Factors 备 用 页 3GPP - The Partnership 3GPP - Organization Structure