高考英语专题复习：词性转换总结与归纳(背诵)

第1页共4页词性转换总结与归纳动词变名词1.V.+ment结尾announce—announcement通知equip装备---equipment装备，器材(不可名)settle—settlement定居，安定achieve---achievement成就amuse--amusement娱乐manage---management经营管理advertise---advertisement广告agree—agreement同意disgree—disagreement不同意argue---argument争吵commit—commitment奉献develop---development发展govern统治—government政府2．V+tion/sion结尾describe—description描写，描绘erupt—eruption爆发affect—affection影响satisfy—satisfaction满意，满足select—selection挑选，选择permit—permission允许admit—admission承认，允许invite—invitation邀请，请帖devote—devotion献身，专注apply—application申请，申请书produce—production生产，产品protect—protection保护educate-----education教育consider—consideration考虑attract—attraction吸引力，吸引instruct—instruction指导，介绍discuss—discussion讨论appreciate—appreciation感激，欣赏recognize—recognition认出conclude—conclusion结论decide----decision决定compete—competition比赛express表达----expression词语；表达方式graduate毕业—graduationoperate—operation操作，动手术organize----organization组织imagine—imagination想象力introduce—introduction介绍illustrate--illustration阐明，举例说明inspire---inspiration灵感，鼓舞人心的---pollute----pollution污染predict---prediction预言pronounce---pronunciation发音resolve-----resolution决心solve解决-----solution解决方法impress—impression印象suggest--suggestion建议，暗示explain—explanation解释，说明3．V+ance结尾enter—entrance进入，进口allow—allowance允许appear—appearance外貌，出现perform----performance演出exist—existance存在4．V+ing结尾bathe洗澡---bathingend----ending结尾，结局，结束train---training训练mean----meaning意义say-----saying谚语5．V+rynurse--nursery婴儿室，幼儿园6.V.+alpropose—proposal建议withdraw—withdrawal取钱；收回；撤退survive—survival幸存arrive—arrival到达remove—removal撤离，搬离，去除7.V.+iorbehave—behavior行为8.V.+encytend—tendency趋势，倾向9.V.+ture/surepress—pressure压力mix—mixture混合，混合物10.V.+or/er/ee/ist/ian/表人employ--employer雇主，老板--employee雇员work—worker工人visit—visitor访问者art—artist艺术家music—musician音乐家11.V.+其它die—death死亡beg(乞讨)—beggar乞丐sit--seat座位fly—flight飞行第2页共4页defend—defense防守，防卫weigh—weight重量，体重advise—advice建议practise—practice练习breathe—breath呼吸believe—belief信仰know---knowledgeheat---heat热量hit撞击------hit轰动一时的人或物，碰撞receive—receptionist接待员serve—service服务succeed—success成功pursue—pursuit追求，从事analyze—analysis分析choose—choice选择形容词变副词1．形容词+ly（直接加，不需要变形）eventual—eventually最后地，终于地final—finally最后地，终于地brief—briefly简单地，简要地serious—seriously严肃地，认真地chemical—chemically化学地fluent—fluently流利地smooth—smoothly顺利地，平坦地hopeful—hopefully满怀希望地frequent—frequently频繁地actual—actually事实上地similar—similarly相似地bad—badly糟糕地narrow—narrowly狭隘地，狭窄地bright—brightly明亮地casual—casually随意地clear—clearly清楚地correct---correctly正确地general—generally一般来讲loud—loudly大声地particular—particularly特殊地，独特地proper---properly合适地，恰当地main------mainly主要地most多数-----mostly多半，大多数normal---normally正常地quick—quickly迅速地quiet—quietly轻轻地，安静地real—really真正地recent----recently最近；近来sad—sadly悲伤地slow---slowly缓慢地special—specially专门，特殊地specific---specifically特定地，明确地strong—strongly坚决地，强烈地sudden—suddenly突然usual—usually通常地fair—fairly公平地，相当地，非常地2.以(l)e结尾的去e+ycomfortable---comfortably舒适地gentle—gently温柔地，绅士地possible---possibly可能地simple----simply仅仅；只；简单地terrible---terribly糟糕地reasonable—reasonably合理地probable—probably很有可能地incredible—incredibly难以置信地true—truly真实地whole—wholly完全地full—fully完全地，全部地dull—dully迟钝地，呆滞地3.以-e结尾，保留-e，直接+lyrare—rarely罕见地，稀有地mere--merely仅仅，只=onlyfortunate—fortunately幸运地entire—entirely完全地complete—completely完全地extreme-extremely极度地，极其地absolute-absolutely绝对地polite—politely有礼貌地immediate—immediately立即地，马上地safe—safely安全地relative--relatively相对地，比较地approximate--approximately大约wise—wisely明智地nice—nicely很好地close—closely亲密地，靠近地（close也可作adv.）3.辅音字母+y变ilyeasy—easily容易地heavy—heavily沉重地happy—happily开心地hungry—hungrily饥饿地healthy—healthily健康地lucky—luckily幸运地noisy—noisily嘈杂地dry—dryly干燥地shy—shyly害羞地第3页共4页sly—slyly狡猾的4.以ic结尾的+allyenergetic—energetically充满活力地automatic—automatically自动地scientific—scientifically科学地economic—economically经济地basic—basically基础地，基本地public—publicly公共地5.其它情况(1)特殊：good—well好地well身体健康的，井(2)既是形容词又是副词：有些以-ly结尾的词daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，fast、early、hard、late、far、alone、little、deep、high、straight、long注意：以下-ly结尾的词为adj.friendly、lovely、lively、elderly、brotherly、fatherly、motherly、lonely、deadly、manly、womanly、silly有两个副词形式的词high—high\highlydeep—deep\deeplywide—wide\widelyhard—hard\hardlyloud—loud\loudlyclose—close\closelylate—late\lately两个副词形式但意思不一样free--免费地freely--随便不拘束地hard--努力地hardly--几乎不just--恰好justly--公正地late--迟lately--最新地、最近地most--最mostly--大部分地near--近nearly--几乎pretty--很(adv.)prettily--漂亮short--突然地shortly--不久前clean径直地cleanly干干净净地clear完全地;clearly清楚地close近地closely严密地；密切地direct直线地directly直接地；马上，立刻firm稳固地firmly坚定地，坚决地high高高地highly高度地；straight直接地straightly（比较少用）slow怠工slowly缓慢地easy容易地easily容易地；轻松地sharp急剧地sharply尖刻地；刻薄地名词变形容词1名词+yanger生气-----angryhonest—honesty诚实的hunger---hungry饥饿地fog—foggy有雾的fur----furry毛皮的guilt---guilty内疚的health---healthy健康地luck---lucky幸运地cloud---cloudy多云地wind—windy有风地rain---rainy下雨地snow---snowy下雪地sun—sunny晴朗地tourist------touristy游客多的business---busy忙碌地salt盐---salty咸的shine---shiny发亮的silk丝绸—silky丝绸般的sleep---sleepy昏昏欲睡的taste------tasty有味道的，美味的2.名词+edbalance–balanced平衡的spot----spotted有斑点的talent-----talented有天赋的3.名词+ful/lessmeaning—meaningful/meaningless有意义的/无意义的care—careful/careless小心的/粗心的help---helpful/helpless有帮助的/无助的home—homeless无家可归的colour---colourful多彩的pain---painful痛苦的use---useless/useful有用的/无用的thank—thankful充满感激的peace---peaceful平静的，宁静的play--playful顽皮的，爱玩耍的4.名词+ableadjust--adjustable可调整的comfort---comfortable舒服的knowledge---knowledgeable有知识的suit一套-----suitable合适的5.名词+ouscourage—courageous勇敢的第4页共4页danger—dangerous危险的mystery----mysterious神秘的6.ce变tconfidence----confident自信的difference---different不同的dependence—dependent依赖的independence--independent独立的7.加+alAddition—additional附加的，额外的Class—classical经典的medicine药----medical医学的music---musical音乐的nature---natural自然的person---personal(私人的)nation—national国家的education---educational有教育意义的tradition----traditional传统的origin起源---original新颖的；独创的grammar—grammatical语法的globe—global全球的8.名词+lyfriend—friendlylive---lively活跃的，有生气的love—lovely可爱的month---monthly每月的9.+en结尾wood—wooden木制的wool—woolen羊毛的10.其他energy---energetice有精力的strategy—strategic战略的fool—foolish愚蠢的freedom—free自由的，空的，免费的height—high高的illness---ill生病的love—loving慈爱的death---dead死了的pleasure---pleasant/pleased高兴的popularity—popular流行的pride---proud骄傲的，自豪的scientist----scientific科学的形容词变名词efficient有效率的—efficiency效率patient—patience/impatiencedependent—dependenc依赖性independent—independency独立性true—truthhigh—heightwide—widthlong—lengthpossible—possibilityresponsible—responsibilityurgent—urgency紧急prosperous—prosperity繁荣accurate—accuracy准确性形容词变动词modern—modernizesocial--socializefast--fastenshort/shortenlong—lengthen—length(n.)wide--widenless--lessenstrong—strengthen—strength(n.)large—enlarge名词变动词computer--computerize名词---形容词—副词beauty美，美人—beautiful—beautifullycare—careful—carefullycare—careless—carelesslydifference---different---differentlyfortune—fortunate—fortunately/unfortunatelyhappiness—happy—happilyhunger—hungry--hungrilyhealth—healthy—healthilyluck—lucky—luckilynoise—noisy—noisilypride—proud—proudly骄傲地sadness—sad—sadlysafety安全；安全的地方—safe—safelysilence—silent---silently默默地success—successful—successfullytruth—true—trulyunluck—unlucky—unluckilywonder奇迹—wonderful—wonderfully方位的词名词—形容词East—easternWest—westernSouth—southernNorth---northernInthewestofChinaInthewesternpartofChina四大洲名词-----形容词Africa----AfricanEurope----EuropeanAmerica---AmericanAsia--Asian