中考英语知识点梳理及操练

中考英语词类 知识点 高中化学知识点免费下载体育概论知识点下载名人传知识点免费下载线性代数知识点汇总下载高中化学知识点免费下载 梳理及操练一 铁西精品英语高分家教监督电话：024-31688948 主编人：吴军 一. 冠词: 冠词用在名词的前面，有定冠词“the”与不定冠词“a；an”之分。定冠词 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示“确指”，译作“这(那)个”；不定冠词表示“泛指”，译作“一个”。 例题解析: ( ) _____ lady over there is _____ university teacher. A) A, the B) The, an C) The, a D) The, the “over there”意为“那边的”，是后置定语，它表示前面名词“lady”（女士）是“确指”的说法，因此要加上定冠词“the”。后半句意为“一位大学教师”，是泛指的说法，因此要加上不定冠词“a”或“an”。由于“university”的读音起始于辅音“j”，因此要加定冠词“a”。所以本题答案应该选“C”。 ( ) He prefers playing _____ piano to playing _____ hockey. A) the, the B) the, / C) / , / D) / , the “piano”意为“钢琴”，属于乐器，要求前面加定冠词“the”。后半句中“hockey”意为“曲棍球”，属于球类活动，要求不加任何冠词。所以本题答案应该选“B”。 ( ) Mr. Black was made _____ manager of our company. A) / B) a C) an D) the “manager”表示被选的职位，前面不应加任何冠词。所以本题答案应该选“A”。 此外，冠词还有许多特殊的用法： 1. 由普通名词组成的专有名词前，要加定冠词，如：the Great Wall（长城） 2. 在拼音名词前，一般不加任何冠词，如：Thomas Green；Changfeng Park 3. 在江、河、湖、海前，即使是拼音名词，也要加定冠词“the”，如：the Dongting Lake 4. 一般用“单数名词加‘a’；复数名词不加‘the’”来表示“泛指”的意思。 习题训练： Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示，填入空格内): ( ) 1. There is _____ “u” in _____ word “uniform.”. A) an, a B) an, the C) a, a D) a, the ( ) 2. _____ sign here stands for _____ mistake. A) A, a B) A, the C) The, a D) The, the ( ) 3. We made Joyce _____ monitor ____ her experience. A) a, because B) the, because C) / , because of D) the , because of ( ) 4.Two months ago Mr. Green wrote ____ article on Shanghai International Art Festival. A) the B) an C) a D) / ( ) 5. Q: Is Mr. White _____ teacher of your school? A: Yes. _____ teacher is from Australia. A) a, A B) a, The C) the, The D) the, A ( ) 6. Paul is _____ European student. He likes to study _____ history of China. A) a, the B) a, / C) an, the D) an, / ( ) 7. This is _____ honey. As we all know, _____ honey is sweet. A) / , the B) / , / C) the, / D) the, the ( ) 8. They didn't catch the last train because of _____. A) some heavy traffics B) any heavy traffic C) heavy traffic D) a heavy traffic ( ) 9. It won't take long, it's only _____ walk. A) ten-minutes B) ten minutes' C) ten minutes D) ten-minute's 二.名词: 名词表示人或物体的名称，有普通名词(park)、专有名词(Peter；Party)、集合名词(family, class, police)、缩写名词(SARS, CEO, WTO)……等。总体上说，它们可以分成两大类；即可数名词和不可数名词。要注意它们在句中的不同要求和变化。 例题解析: ( ) His grandfather is _____. A) Robert Bob B) Tom Black C) Kate White D) Black Green 英语中，人的姓名排列是倒过来的；先是名，即“first name”，后为姓，即“second name”，也可叫做“family name”或“surname”。做这类题目，必须先搞清楚哪个单词是表示名字，哪个单词是表示姓氏，名字还要分清男女性别。这道题中说的是“爷爷”，是男名，所以本题答案应该选“B”。 ( ) _____ are playing tennis in the playground. A) The Browns B) The Brown's C) Browns D) Brown's 英语中，姓氏前加定冠词“the”，后面加“s”，有“一家人”之意。所以本题答案应该选“A”。 ( ) Be careful. There is a _____ hole in the ground. A) two-foot-deep B) two-feet-deep C) two-foot deep D) two-feet deep 这道题目考的是复合形容词。在复合形容词中的名词应该用单数形式，在整个复合形容词中的各个单词都要用短横“–”来连接。由于它被看作为一个普通的形容词，因此，在可数名词前还要再加上冠词。此句中，“一个两英尺深的洞”应译为“a two-foot-deep hole”，所以本题答案应该选“A”。 ( ) He’s got bad toothache. He’d better go to _____. A) dentist B) the dentist C) the dentist’s D) see the dentists “去看牙科医生”可译为“go to see the dentist”或“go to the dentist’s”。后一个词语中的“the dentist’s”表示“the dentist’s clinic”。所以本题答案应该选“C”。 ( ) The _____ teachers wondered if the _____ students were in trouble. A) woman, boy B) woman, boys C) women, boy D) women, boys 英语中，“女教师们”应该译为“women teachers”，而“男学生们” 应该译为“boy students”。 所以本题答案应该选“C”。 ( ) _____ came that Houston Rocket won again and Yao Ming got the most scores. A) A news B) Message C) Word D) Words “据说”在英语中有多种说法：“It was said that”、“Word came that”、“News came that”、“A message came that”……等。所以本题答案应该选“C”。 ( ) All of a sudden, something on the ground caught _____. A) his eye B) his eyes C) his own eyes D) eyes of his own “catch one’s eye”是固定词组，意为“引起某人注意”；即“be noticed by sb.”。此句中，“eye”是“视线”之意，由“eyesight”演变而来。随着语言的发展，一些词语会产生演变，大致上都是朝“简单化”方向发展，如：“countryside”→“country”、“mankind”→“man”、 “campsite”→“camp”、“in the daytime”→“in the day”……等。所以本题答案应该选“A”。 ( ) The lady with long _____ found her husband had already got three gray _____. A) hair, hair B) hair, hairs C) hairs, hair D) hairs, hair 要掌握英语中哪些是可数名词，哪些是不可数名词。但是有些名词具有可数和不可数两种性质，要靠具体说法来判别。如这道题中的“hair”（头发）就是这类词。前半句说的是“一头长发”，是不可数名词；后半句说的是“三根白发”，是可数名词。所以本题答案应该选“B”。 习题训练： Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示，填入空格内): ( ) 1. He has got _____ to tell you. A) a good news B) some news C) a lot news D) many news ( ) 2. It’s seven o’clock. _____ are sitting at table. A) Mr. Greens B) The Green's C) The Greens D) Greens ( ) 3. Your brother is the same ______ mine. A) old as B) age as C) old like D) age like ( ) 4. Our bodies need food to give us ______. A) health B) strong C) energy D) taste ( ) 5. A lemon is the same ______ as a banana. A) yellow B) colour C) fresh D) sweet ( ) 6. What kind of ______ do you like best? A) watermelon B) the watermelon C) a watermelon D) watermelons ( ) 7. Look at this magazine. Let’s do the ______ about eating habits. A) quiz B) list C) cooking D) dinner 三.代词: 代词是名词的代用词，有指示代词(this, those)、人称代词主宾格(I, me)、形容词性物主代词(my)、名词性物主代词(mine)、反身代词(myself)、不定代词(either, others, anything, nobody)。其中，不定代词的变化最复杂。在不同的句子中，它们的变化和要求都不一样，这一点我们一定要有充分的认识，不能掉以轻心。 例题解析: ( ) Would you please give _____? A) him it B) it him C) to him it D) it to him 英语中，当直接宾语（人）与间接宾语（物）都用人称代词时，一定要先讲间接宾语（物）后讲直接宾语（人），而且要在直接宾语（人）前加上介词“to”。 所以本题答案应该选“D”。 ( ) She always thinks of _____ more than _____. A) others, her B) the others, she C) others, herself D) the others, herself 在英语中，“别人”属于“泛指”，应译为“others”。后半句是介词“of”的宾语。由于这里的“她”与主语的“她”是属于同一个人，因此不能用人称代词宾格作宾语，要用反身代词作宾语才对。所以本题答案应该选“C”。 ( ) Some people like watching the sports news, _____ prefer TV series. A) the others B) the other C) others D) another 在英语中，“一些……，另一些……”有两种译法：“Some …, the others …”是属于“非此即彼”的两部分情况，而“Some …, others …”是指有第三部分的情况存在。本题意为“一部分人喜欢看体育消息，而另一部分人比较欣赏电视剧”，显然还有其他人喜欢其他的 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 ，所以本题答案应该选“C”。 ( ) The light in the room was too poor for _____ to see it clearly. A) everyone B) someone C) anyone D) none 英语中，“too … to”意为“太……而不能”，具有否定的含义。因此，“for sb.”中应该选运用在否定句中的“anyone”才对。所以本题答案应该选“C”。 ( ) _____ the fuel here is from foreign countries, so we must make full use of it. A) Some B) Much C) The most of D) Most of 带有定冠词“the”的名词前，应该用代词词组：“some of”（意为“其中一些”）、“much of”（意为“其中许多”）、“most of”（意为“其中大多数”）……等。“the mose of”（意为“其中最多的”）在本句中的译法欠妥，所以本题答案应该选“D”。 ( ) Can you call on my mother on Saturday or Sunday? I’m afraid _____ day is possible A) either B) each C) both D) neither 在英语中，有“两者”和“三者以上”的不同词语说法：“both”意为“两者都”、“all”意为“三者以上都”、“neither”意为“两者都不”、“none”或“no one”意为“三者以上都不”、“either”意为“两者之一”、“one”意为“三者以上之一”、“between”意为“两者之间”、“among”意为“三者以上之间”。根据本题句意，答句应该是说“我恐怕没有一天能行”， 所以本题答案应该选“D”。 ( ) There are three bathrooms in the house. One is upstairs, _____ two are downstairs. A) other B) the other C) others D) the others 在英语中，“另两个”的译法有多种：“the other two”、“the others”、“the rest”。由于本句中讲到三间浴室，“另两间”的说法应该是“确指”的，因此，必须有定冠词“the”。又由于后句已经写了“two”，因此这里要选作形容词用的“other”。 所以本题答案应该选“B”。 ( ) The dishes on Table One are much fewer than _____ on Table Two. A) that B) those C) dishes D) / 要注意所比较的两个对象具有对称性：这句是“the dishes on Table One”（一桌上的菜）和“the dishes on Table Two”（二桌上的菜）作比较，因此后半句中的“菜”字不能省略。“that”与“those”是比较级句中的专用代词。由于该句中所比较的对象是复数，因此，要用“those”来代替前面的名词。所以本题答案应该选“B”。 ( ) There are more people in this room than _____ in that one. A) that B) those C) people D) / 要注意在“There is …”或“There are …”的比较级句型中，习惯上不用上题所讲到的专用代词。所以本题答案应该选“D”。 习题训练： Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示，填入空格内): ( ) 1. Show your watch ______ me. ______ is slow. A) to, Mine B) to, My C) for, Mine D) for, My ( ) 2. ______ do you like ______, the summer holidays or the winter holidays? A) What, better B) What, best C) Which, better D) Which, best ( ) 3. She wrote a letter and enclosed a photo of _____ taken in her housing estate. A) herself B) her C) her’s D) myself ( ) 4. She told Jack, Tom and me to _____ among _____. A) talk it over, us B) talk over it, us C) talk it over, ourselves D) talk over it, ourselves ( ) 5. I’ll do it by myself. I won’t need _____ help. A) anyone’s else B) anyone else’s C) anyone others’ D) other anyone’s ( ) 6. I heard _____ until my friend told me about it. A) everything B) something C) nothing D) anything ( ) 7. Would you like _____ more bread, Jack? A) any B) another C) little D) a little ( ) 8. Only one student got the right answer. But _____ didn’t. A) the other B) another C) others D) the rest ( ) 9. He doesn't think _____ of them will go there with you. A) none B) some C) many D) much ( )10. The film is dull and _____ people like it. A) a few B) few C) a little D) little ( )11. Have you all _____? A) got ready everything B) got everything ready for C) got everything ready D) got ready for everything ( )12. Help _____ to some sweets, everyone. A) yourselves B) your own C) yourself D) by yourself ( )13. He has six uncles. Five of them are doctors and _____ is a driver. A) another B) the sixth C) other D) the other ( )14. Believe or not, I did it all by _______. A) me B) us C) myself D) ourselves ( )15. A: Are these two books yours ? B: No, _____ of them is mine. A) either B) none C) both D) neither ( )16. Neither of the twins _____ the toy train. A) like B) likes C) is like D) are like 四.数词: 数词有基数词和序数词之分：基数词表示数量概念；序数词表示顺序概念。首先要注意一些数词在写法上的变化，如：forty；ninth；twentieth更要注意它们在句子中的不同用法和变化。 例题解析: ( ) About _____ students went to the picture show that day. A) hundreds of B) two hundreds C) two hundred of D) two hundred “about”意为“大约”，是指具体数量，因此，不能用表示不定数量的词语“hundreds of”（意为“成百个”）。在表示确定数量时，英语中的“hundred”不加“s”，即不变复数。再由于“students”前没有定冠词“the”，不是“其中”之意，因此，也不能加介词“of”。 所以本题答案应该选“D”。 ( ) _____ of _____ Class Four students have joined the singing group. A) Three-fifths, the B) Three-fifth, the C) Three-fifths, / D) Three-fifth, / 英语中，“几分之几”的表达方式是分子用基数词、分母用序数词，中间用短横“–”连接。当分子大于“一”时，分母序数词要加“s”。再由于本题句中数量用的是“of”词组，即意为“其中的五分之三”，因此后面的名词“students”必定是“确指”的，要加定冠词“the”。 所以本题答案应该选“A”。在这里要特别注意的是：不要看到“students”前有修饰词“Class Four”就不敢加定冠词“the”，要懂得这里的“the”是修饰“students”的。同样，“the English language”词语的表达形式也类似于此种情况。 习题训练: Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示，填入空格内): ( ) 1.John has twelve coins and Joan has _____ ones, three times as many as John. A) thirteen B) fifteen C) thirty-six D) forty-eight ( ) 2.The post code used in our neighbourhood is _____. A) 56348574 B) 200333 C) a quarter D) a dozen ( ) 3.Today is her brother’s birthday. _____ is on _____. A) She, fifth of May B) She, May fifth C) Hers, May fifth D) Hers, May the fifth ( ) 4. _____ of the students go to school by bike. A) Two-three B) Two-thirds C) Two-threes D) Two-third ( ) 5.There are about _____ seats in the hall. A) two hundreds B) two hundred C) hundreds of D) two hundred of ( ) 6. A: How often should we publish the paper? B: _____. A) In one week’s time B) Once a month C) After two weeks D) For half a month ( ) 7. About _____ the students went to the Science Museum last Thursday. A) hundreds of B) two hundred C) two hundred of D) two hundreds 五.介词: 介词是一种虚词，它不能单独使用，后面要跟名词、人称代词宾格或动名词。同一个动词，搭配不同的介词，可以衍变出各种不同含义的词组来，而且在不同场合所用介词也各不相同。因此，介词的用法是比较复杂的，要求我们去逐个记住。只有在看懂、理解整个句意的前提下，才能选对正确的介词。 例题解析: ( ) Mr. Brown flew to Washington _____ the night before last. A) in B) on C) at D) / 在表达某一天的具体时间时，应该用介词“on”。但是本句是表达“在前天的夜里”，与“在前天”(the day before yesterday）相仿，前面不该用任何介词，所以本题答案应该选“D”。 ( ) The school gate is ______ the north of the classroom building. A) in B) to C) on D) at 在英语中，表达“东、南、西、北”的方位介词常见有三个：表示在方位区域的内部时，用介词“in”。如：The playground is in the south of the school.（操场在学校的南面。）表示在与方位区域连壤的外部时，应该用介词“on”。如：Room 203 is on the west of Room 205.（203室在205室的西面。）表示在与方位区域不连壤的外部时，应该用介词“to”。如：Shanghai is to the east of Nanjing.（上海在南京的东面。）本题的“校门”在“教学大楼”的北面，应该用介词“to”，所以答案应该选“B”。 ( ) You’ll get one thousand dollars _____. A) after all B) at all C) in all D) all together “after all”意为“到底”、“毕竟”、“终于”；“at all”通常与“not”连用，意为“完全不”、“一点也不”；“in all”通常用于数量词后面，意为“总共”，同义词是“altogether”。所以本题答案应该选“C”。 ( ) This bus can run _____ 70 miles an hour. A) for B) with C) at D) in 在表示“速度”、“温度”、“价格”意思时，应该用介词“at”。所以本题答案应该选“C”。 ( ) It’s said he stayed there quietly _____ two o’clock that afternoon. A) on B) at C) until D) by “at two o’clock that afternoon”意为“在昨天下午两点钟”，时态通常用“过去进行时”；“by two o’clock that afternoon”意为“在昨天下午两点钟前”， 时态通常用“过去完成时”；“until two o’clock that afternoon”意为“直到昨天下午两点钟”， 时态通常用“一般过去时”。本句中“stay”是延续动词，因此可用“until”句型；如果句中谓语是瞬间动词的话，就应该用“not …until”句型了。所以本题答案应该选“C”。 ( ) Tom didn’t attend the lecture yesterday evening _____ his illness. A) as B) for C) because D)because of 在本句中，“因为生病”是一个词语，而不是原因状语从句，因此，不能选连词“as”、“for”或“because”来连接，而要用介词词组“because of”。所以本题答案应该选“D”。 ( ) Now it’s quite important _____ us to make full use of time. A) for B) to C) of D) with “It’s important to sb.”（ 意为“它对某人来说很重要”）是词语搭配，“It’s … for sb. to do …”（意为“做某事对某人来说是怎样的”）是句型。当两者交叉、重叠使用时，词语要让位于句型。所以本题答案应该选“A”。同样，“I like it so much that …”句型中用“so”、而不用“very”，也属于这种类型的表达方式。 ( ) It’s nice _____ you to get the ticket _____ F1. It’s said the car-race is very exciting. A) of, for B) for, for C) of, of D) for, of 这句是“It’s … of sb. to do”句型，意为“某人真是怎么样，做了某事”。后半句中“ticket for”是固定词语，意为“什么内容的票子”。 所以本题答案应该选“A”。 习题训练: Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示，填入空格内): ( ) 1. You can draw it ______ paints and brushes. A) by B) with C) in D) use ( ) 2. What did you have ______ breakfast? A) as B) with C) about D) for ( ) 3. The police _____ helping to make our city a safe place to live and work _____. A) is, in B) are, in C) is, / D) are, / ( ) 4. I’ve got three question _____ you to think about. A) of B) for C) give D) to show ( ) 5. We can ask people _____ the Festival to do the quiz. A) in B) on C) at D) for ( ) 6. What happens when we put some sugar _____ a glass of warm water? A) on B) off C) out D) into ( ) 7. _____ they arrived at the village after all. A) At the end B) In the end C) Last D) Attentively ( ) 8. The class teacher was sent _____ Christmas cards _____ some of the students. A) to, by B) / , by C) to, from D) / , to ( ) 9. Q: What is that film _____? A: It’s a science film. A) like B) about C) on D) for ( )10. Why not ask your friend _____ some advice if you’re really in trouble? A) offer B) to give C) to D) for ( )11. The beautiful house is _____ sale. But it won’t be _____ sale. A) on, for B) for, on C) with, for D) with, on ( )12. The weather here was _____ cold last week. A) a kind B) a kind of C) kind of D) kinds of ( )13. The singing group is made _____ four handsome lads. A) of B) from C) up of D) up from ( )14. Something _____ wrong _____ my watch, I'm afraid. A) is, with B) is, in C) are, with D) are, in ( )15. There _____ a man and two women _____ the picture. A) is, on B) are, in C) are, on D) is, in ( )16. Mary doesn’t know what lies ahead. _____ , she’s only 12. A) At all B) In all C) After all D) For all ( )17. Should we _____ the postage _____ the parcel by ourselves? A) pay, on B) pay, of C) pay for, on D) pay for, of ( )18. Alice _____ her service to the public. A) was awarded the prize for B) was deserved to get the prize for C) was proud for D) was pleased for 六.动词: 动词八种时态、语态和几种变化形式 八种时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 (经常,反复,爱好,特点,条件,真理) do; does am;is;are done 一般过去时 (过去发生的事,不强调现在的结果) did; -ed was;were done 一般将来时 (将要发生的事) will do will be done 现在进行时 (现在正在发生的事) am;is;are doing am;is;are being done 过去进行时 (当时正在发生的事) was;were doing was;were being done 现在完成时 (过去发生的事,强调现在的结果) have;has done have;has been done 过去完成时 (过去完成的事；过去以前发生的事) had done had been done 过去将来时 (过去将要发生的事) would do would be done * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 不定式: do; not do; to do; not to do 命令式: do; don't do 现在分词: doing 动名词: doing 过去分词: done 例题解析: ( ) Look. Mary _____ a nice dog. She _____ it just now. A) has drawn, drew B) drew, has drawn C) is drawing, drew D) is drawing, has drawn 在“Look”、“It’s evening”、“Where is sb. …?”等句子后面，可能要用“现在进行时”，也有可能要用“现在完成时”。反正，要根据具体情况来具体分析，考虑问题一定要从整体情况着眼。本题后半句“just now”意为“刚才”，很明显要用“一般过去时”，因此前句如用“现在进行时”就不妥，造成句意逻辑上的错误。前句用“现在完成时”才对。所以本题答案应该选“A”。 ( ) This kind of fridge _____ very well. A) sell B) sells C) are sold D) is sold 在英语中，表达某物销路不错，要用表示“特点”的“一般现在时”形式，而不能用“被卖”这种被动语态形式来表示。由于本句主语“this kind of fridge”是单数第三人称，所以本题答案应该选“B”。 ( ) What _____ Mr. Smith? He looks worried so much. A) happens with B) happens to C) happened with D) happened to 在英语中，“发生”通常可译为“happened”或“took place”，要注意它不能变“被动语态”。本题之意是“史密斯先生发生了什么事？他显得很焦虑。”因此，“发生”不能用表示经常行为的“一般现在时”形式，应该用“一般过去时”的“happened to sb.”固定词组来表达。所以本题答案应该选“D”。 ( ) Mary: Shall I tell Michael about the news? Jack: No, you __________. He’s already known it. A) can’t B) mustn’t C) needn’t D) don’t 本题是考核情态动词句型的正确回答。在“Must I do …?”、“Shall I do …?”、“Would you like me to do …?”问句后面都可以用“No, you needn’t.”(不必要)来回答。本题根据后句的句意应该选此回答为妥。所以答案应该选“C”。在“May I …?”问句后面，通常有以下几种否定回答：1. No, you mustn’t. 2.No, you may not. 3. Sorry, you can’t. 4.I’m afraid you can’t. 5. No, you can’t. ( ) _____ clothes are usually _____ near a fire in winter. A) Washed, hung B) Washed, hanged C) Washing, hung D) Washing, hanged “washed”意为“被洗过的”，可以修饰“衣服”；“washing”意为“正在洗的”，它该修饰人、不该修饰“衣服”。后句意为“被挂在火炉旁”，该用过去分词“hung”才对。“hanged”也是“hang”的过去分词，但是它的意思是“被绞死”。所以本题答案应该选“A”。 ( ) The book _____ by me. I _____ it to a friend of mine. A) is written, sent B) is written, have sent C) was written, sent D) was written, have sent “书是被某人写的”、“书是在某地方被写的”都是表示发生在以前的动作，该用一般过去时被动语态。如过说“书是被用英语写的”，那就是指书的特点了，就该用一般现在时被动语态了。后半句意为“我把它寄给朋友了”是强调现在书不在我这里。不是强调过去寄的，不该用一般过去时，而该用现在完成时。这种类型的时态，学生最容易错，千万要注意。英语中有许多动作是以前发生的、但没有时间状语的句子都用“现在完成时”表达。所以本题答案应该选“D”。 ( ) Mr. Jackson _____ the city quite well since he _____ in the city for a couple of years. A) knows, was B) has known, was C) knows, has been D) has known, has been 本句中的“since”不是“自从”之意，因此，前半句与后半句用“现在完成时”和“一般现在时”的形式做是错误的。本句中的“since”意为“由于”，与“as”近义。根据句意，“熟悉城市”是表示杰克逊先生的“特点”，要用“一般现在时”表达；“他来到这个城市有两、三年了”是表示到现在为止的结果情况，要用“现在完成时”表达。所以本题答案应该选“C”。 ( ) Could you tell me _____? A) how to do it B) why do it C) how to do D) what to do it 由于“do”通常用作及物动词，因此要注意它有否宾语。要避免“C”的没有宾语和“D”的重叠宾语的错误。“B”是不定式遗漏了“to”，所以本题答案应该选“A”。关于“do”的这种特点很重要，为了熟记它，可以背一句口诀：“how to do it, what to do”。 ( ) English is his favourite subject. He can _____ it very fluently. A) say B) talk C) speak D) tell 由于后句“it”指的是“English”，因此要用动词“speak”才对。所以本题答案应该选“C”。“talk”是不及物动词，后面不跟宾语。“speak”既可作不及物动词用，也可作及物动词，宾语只能是语言。“tell”的宾语有限；有“a story”、“the difference”、“the truth”、“a lie”、“the time”等。“say”可跟的宾语最多，不再一一例举。由此句我们得到启示；即我们在做习题时不要被单词的表面现象所迷惑，一定要看清楚它的内涵，即注意到它的真正含义是什么。再举两个例子来说明注意内涵的重要性：例1. A recorder is used to learn English in our class. 例2. His spoken English is poor. He